《英語(yǔ)演講》教案

《英語(yǔ)演講》

教案（進(jìn)度、大綱、講義、課件）

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《英語(yǔ)演講》

進(jìn)度

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請(qǐng)任課教師第一堂課向?qū)W生詳細(xì)解說課程大綱和學(xué)習(xí)規(guī)則，包括課程

的結(jié)構(gòu)、主要與次要的內(nèi)容、教學(xué)目標(biāo)、進(jìn)度安排、教與學(xué)的方法、

作業(yè)要求、答疑時(shí)間與聯(lián)系方式、成績(jī)考核依據(jù)、曠課處理、相關(guān)材

料及閱讀技巧、必要的閱讀書目、實(shí)踐及練習(xí)時(shí)間等。

進(jìn)度安排

周次教學(xué)內(nèi)容備注（課時(shí)）

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《英語(yǔ)演講》

大綱

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《英語(yǔ)演講》教學(xué)大綱

前言

(一)本門課程的性質(zhì)和教學(xué)目的

(二)本門課程的教學(xué)要求

(三)推薦使用的教材和課外閱讀書目

1.推薦使用的教材

2.課外閱讀書目

(四)本門課程教學(xué)的課時(shí)分配

本門課程的教學(xué)計(jì)劃課時(shí)為36課時(shí)(2學(xué)分),建議教學(xué)課時(shí)按以下方案分配:

章節(jié)內(nèi)容課時(shí)分配備注

合計(jì)36

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課程教學(xué)內(nèi)容與要求

UnitOneCourseOverview;BasicPrinciplesofSpeechCommunication

教學(xué)目的和要求

內(nèi)容講解

UnitTwoAnalyzingtheAudience

教學(xué)目的和要求

本單元講授演講前的準(zhǔn)備工作之一：了解聽眾，根據(jù)聽眾的特征，調(diào)整演講

內(nèi)容。通過教師的講授與示范，調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生的積極性，參與演講實(shí)踐。

內(nèi)容講解

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《英語(yǔ)演講》

講義

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Introduction

Whatispublicspeaking?

?Publicspeaking,asitsnameimplies,isawayofmakingyourideaspublic–of

sharingthemwithotherpeopleandofinfluencingotherpeople.

ABriefIntroductiontopublicspeaking

I.HowtoPrepareaSpeech

?StatingYourObjectives：

inform

train

persuade

sell

?AnalyzingYourAudience

Whattolearnabouttheaudience?

Theiropinionsandlevelsofpriorknowledgeofyoursubject;theirlikely

bias,bothpersonalandprofessional

howdoyoulearnit?

Askthepersonwhohasinvitedyoutospeak.Findoutwhattheoccasion

isandifthereisaprogramtheme.

?ChoosingaSpeechTopicandtheSpeechTheme

SixCriteria

1.Thetopicshouldbeinterestingtoyou.

2.Itshouldbeinterestingtoyouraudienceoratleastbecapableofbeing

madeinterestingtothem.

3.Itshouldbeappropriatetothesituation.

4.Itshouldbeappropriatetothetimeavailable.

5.Itshouldbemanageable.

6.Itshouldbeworthwhile.Don'twasteyouraudience’stime.

?GatheringandSelectingAppropriateMaterials

convincingmaterials

sevenmajortypesofmaterials:descriptionsandexplanations,statistics,

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examples,testimony,comparisonandcontrast,repetitionandrestatement,and

visuals.guidelines

?OutliningYourSpeech

guidelines:

1.Writeandlabelyourspecificpurposeatthetopofyouroutline.

2.Indicatemainideas,points,sub-points,andsupportingmaterials

properly.

3.Useatleasttwosubdivisions,ifany,foreachpoint.

Usingsubdivisionshelpsyougiveattentiontoallthepointsyouwantto

say.

4.Labeltheintroduction,mainbodyandconclusion.

II.HowtoWriteaGreatSpeech

?OrganizingtheBodyoftheSpeech

A.TheIntroduction

A.Ividingbackgroundinformation,definitions

explanations,etc.

B.Generallyitshouldcontainthethesisstatement.

C.Itshouldbeinterestingenoughtomakethelistenerwanttocontinuelistening.

Anecdotes,shockingstatistics,quotes,andrhetoricalquestions

D.Itshouldindicatehowyourtopicwillbedeveloped.

E.tellyourlistenersWHYtheyshouldlistentoyou;suchashowtheywillbenefit.

F.includethemethodoforganizationthatyouwillfollow.Thishelpsthelistener

prepareforwhatyouaregoingtosayandhelpthemorganizetheinformation.

Aneffectiveintroduction

?Createsafavorablefirstimpressionwiththeaudience

?Boostsaspeaker’s-confidenceself

Gainingattention

?relatethetopictotheaudience

?Statetheimportanceofthetopic

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?Startletheaudience

?Arousethecuriosityoftheaudience

?Questiontheaudience

?Beginwithquotation

?Tellastory

?Usingvisualaids

?…

Revealthetopic

?Clearlystatesthespeechtopic

?Establishthecredibilityandgoodwillofthespeaker

Previewthebody

?Tellsaudiencewhattolistenforintherest

?Provideasmoothlead-in

?Presentspecialinformation

B.MainBody

a.Eachmainpointdiscussesoneaspectofthethesis.

b.Themainpointsshouldbelinkedwithcleartransitionssoastogivethe

bodycoherenceandunity.

C.Conclusion

Aconclusioncanrestatethethesis.

Aconclusioncanrestatethemainpoints.

Aconclusioncancallforsomesortofaction(particularlyinapersuasivepiece)

Aconclusioncanhighlightareasforfurtherresearch.

Aconclusioncansuggestresultsorconsequences.

Aconclusioncanremindtheaudienceoftheimportanceoftheinformation

presented.

Thespeakercanthanktheaudiencefortheirattention.

AconclusionshouldNEVERbringupanewtopic.

AspeakershouldNEVERapologizefortheirinformation.Thelastthingyouwant

tohappenisfortheaudiencetoquestionyourcredibility.

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2functionsofconclusion

?Signaltheendofthespeech

?Reinforcetheaudience’sunderstandingofthespeech

?UsingSpeechLanguage

A.UsingLanguageAccurately

B.UseLanguageClearly

C.UselanguageVividly

III.HowtoDeliveraGreatSpeech

?PhysicalDelivery

1.posture

Apublicspeakershouldlookcomfortable,confidentandpreparedtospeak.In

posture,thetwoextremestoavoidarerigidityandsloppiness.

2.facialexpressions

Yourfacialexpressionmustmatchwhatyouaresaying.

3.movement

a.Neverturnyourbackontheaudiencewhileyouarespeaking.

b.Ifyoumoveaboutonthestage,makeyourmovementspurposeful.

c.Beawareofallpotentialobstaclesonthestage.

4.gestures

5.Eyecontact

Letyourgazemoveovereachmemberoftheaudience

don’tchooseonepersonandlookfixedlyathimorher.

avoidthetemptationtolookovertheheadsofyouraudienceortoholdyour

notesinfrontofyourface.

6.Appearance

Thewayyoudressandpresentyourself

Dressappropriatelytotheaudience

?VocalDelivery

Vocaldeliveryreferstotheuseofyourvoicetoconveyyourmessage.

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1.rate

Rateisthespeed

nottooslowlyortooquickly.Varyingyourratecanbecritical.

2.pause

temporarystops

pausebeforeandafteramajorpoint.Youcanusepausestoillustratethatyou

arechangingfromonepointtoanother.Youcanusepausesforemphasis

3.volume

Volumereferstohowloudonespeaks

SpeaktoosoftSpeaktooloud

changingthevolumeatcertainpointsemphasizeimportantideas.

Raisingyourvoiceloweringyourvoice

4.pitch

Pitchreferstothehighorlowqualityofyourvoice.

Volumeismeasuredintermsofloudness.

Thepitchofyourvoiceinpublicspeakingreferstothe“excitement”or

“enthusiasm”levelinyourvoice.

pitchcanberaisedandloweredforemphasis.

varyyourpitch.

5.Pronunciation

6.articulation:notslur,speakclearly

IV.HowtoAnalyzeandEvaluateSpeech

?three“M”s:matter,mannerandmethod.

SpeakingtoPersuade

I.Persuasion:aPsychologicalprocess

?A.Persuasionisthemostcomplexandthemostchallenging.

?(controversialtopics,involvingvaluesandbeliefs;listeners’ownideas)

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?B.Listeners:mentalgive-and-take

?(listeners:assessmentonspeakers)

II.TheTargetAudience

?Thepartofthewholeaudienceaspeakermostwantstoreachwithhis

message.Agreeanddisagreeaudience

?AdaptthespeechtothevaluesandconcernsoftheTA

?Donotexcludeotherlisteners

III.Monroe’sMotivatedSequence

?Monroe'smotivatedsequenceisatechniquefororganizingpersuasive

speechesthatinspirepeopletotakeaction.

?AlanH.Monroe(PurdueUniversity)1930s

?whatcreatesmakesamotivationalspeechactuallymotivating.

?a5-stepmethodfororganizingmotivationalspeeches.

1.Attention

Gettheattentionofyouraudienceusingadetailedstory,shockingexample,

dramaticstatistic,quotations,etc.

E.g.Hey!Listentome,IhaveaPROBLEM!

2.Need

Showthattheproblemaboutwhichyouarespeakingexists,thatitis

significant,andthatitwon'tgoawaybyitself.Usestatistics,examples,etc.

Convinceyouraudiencethatthereisaneedforactiontobetaken.

E.g.LetmeEXPLAINtheproblem.

3.Satisfy.

Youpresentyourplanandshowhowitwillwork.Besuretoofferenough

detailsabouttheplan.

E.g.But,IhaveaSOLUTION!

4.Visualization

Telltheaudiencewhatwillhappenifthesolutionisimplementedordoesnot

takeplace.Bevisualanddetailed.

E.g.IfweIMPLEMENTmysolution,thisiswhatwillhappen.

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5.Action.

Telltheaudiencewhatactiontheycantakepersonallytosolvetheproblem.

Sayexactlywhatyouwanttheaudiencetodoandhowtodoit.

E.g.Youcanhelpmeinthisspecificway.AreYOUwillingtohelpme?

AdvantageofMMS

?Itemphasizeswhattheaudiencecando.Monroe'smotivatedsequence

emphasizestheactiontheaudiencecantake.

?SampleSpeech：TheUltimateGift

IV.PersuasiveSpeechesonQuestionsofFact

?A.seektopersuadeaudiencetoacceptthespeaker’sviewofthefactsona

particularissue.

E.g.Willtheeconomybebetterorworsenextyear?

?B.differentfromaninformativespeech

IS:giveinformationasimpartiallyaspossible≠argueforapointofview

PS:persuadetheaudiencetoacceptthespeaker’sviewabouttheinformation

e.g.Inatriallawyerjuryguilt/innocentdefendant

V.PersuasiveSpeechesonQuestionsofValue

?A.Judgmentsbasedonaperson’sbeliefsaboutwhat’srightorwrong

?B.2steps:

1.definethestandardsforvaluejudgments

2.judgethesubjectofthespeechagainstthestandards.

VI.PersuasiveSpeechesonQuestionsofPolicy

?A.dealwithspecificcoursesofaction:involvequestionsoffactandvalue;go

beyondthat

?B.2types:

1.gainpassiveagreementthatapolicyisdesirable,necessary&practical

2.motivatetheaudiencetotakeimmediateaction

?C.3basicissues–need,plan&practicality

1.need:(no)needforachange

2.aspecificplan:solvetheneed

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3.practicality:Plan:workable,solvetheneedwithoutcreatingnew

problems

VII.MethodsofPersuasion

A.Buildingcredibility

–1.Credibilityaffectedby:competence&character

competence:speaker’sintelligence,expertise&knowledgeofthesubject

character:speaker’ssincerity,trustworthiness

–2.3types