高考虛擬語氣全解加例題答案

Grammar—theSubjunctiveMood虛擬語氣第一頁，共47頁。1Wemetinthisroom.DocometothemeetingnextFriday.IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyhard.陳述(chénshù)語氣祈使語氣(yǔqì)虛擬語氣英語(yīnɡyǔ)動詞有種語氣四第二頁，共47頁。2虛擬語氣是一種特殊的動詞形式(verbstructure),用來表示說話人所說的話不是一個事實(fact)，而只是一種假設(shè)(hypotheses)愿望(yuànwàng)(wishes)、建議(suggestion)或疑心(doubt)等等。ThedefinitionoftheSubjunctiveMood第三頁，共47頁。3虛擬語氣的考點1、條件句中的虛擬語氣的用法(yònɡfǎ)；2、條件句中虛擬語氣的倒裝；3、名詞性從句中虛擬語氣的用法(yònɡfǎ)；4、幾種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)中虛擬語氣的用法(yònɡfǎ);5、虛擬語氣時態(tài)的判定。第四頁，共47頁。4

與現(xiàn)在相反與過去相反與將來相反If從句(cónɡjù)主句(zhǔjù)did〔be用were)had

+donedid〔be用were)wereto+doshould+doWould＋do(should/could/might)Would/should/could/might+doWould＋have+

done(should/could/might)1.If引導(dǎo)的條件(tiáojiàn)狀語從句〔1〕第五頁，共47頁。5Ifhehadhurried,hecouldhavecaughtthetrain.

IfIweretogoabroad,IwouldgotoAmerica.IfIwonthelottery

now,

Iwouldbuyanexpensive

car.

現(xiàn)在(xiànzài)事實相反過去事實(shìshí)相反將來事實(shìshí)相反第六頁，共47頁。6

Ifyouhadtoldmeinadvance,I_____himattheairport.

A.wouldmeet

B.wouldhadmet

C.wouldhavemet

D.wouldhavemeet

高手(gāoshǒu)過招第七頁，共47頁。7IwouldhavegonetothemeetingifI_____time.

A.hadhadB.havehad

C.hadD.wouldhavehad

Ifit______tomorrow,Iwouldn’tattendtheparty.

A.rainB.rains

C.hadrainedD.weretorain

第八頁，共47頁。8〔2.〕省略if的條件從句含有(hányǒu)were,had,should時，if可省略，were,had,should提前IfIweretomeethimtomorrow,Ishouldaskhimaboutit.Ifheshouldfailintheexperimentthistime,hewouldtryagain.

WereItomeethimtomorrow,…

Should

hefailintheexperiment…第九頁，共47頁。9省略if的條件(tiáojiàn)從句IfIhadfollowedyouradvice,Iwouldn’thavemadesuchfoolishmistakes.

HadIfollowedyouradvice,…第十頁，共47頁。10〔3.〕用介詞短語代替條件狀語從句。含蓄(hánxù)條件句but

for〔要不是〕、without〔沒有〕、otherwise〔否那么〕、or〔不然〕相當(dāng)于ifitweren’t/hadn’tbeenfor..e.g.:Withoutair,therewouldbenolivingthings.Iwouldnothavesucceededbutforyourhelp.Withoutyourinstruction,Iwouldnothavemadesuchgreatprogress.Wedidn’tknowhistelephonenumber;otherwisewewouldhavetelephonedhim.第十一頁，共47頁。11〔4)有時條件從句中的動作和結(jié)果從句中的動作發(fā)生的時間不一致，混合條件句主句與從句的動作發(fā)生在不同(bùtónɡ)的時間，這時主，從句謂語動詞的虛擬語氣形式因時間不同(bùtónɡ)而不同(bùtónɡ)，這叫做混合條件句。

e.g.:Ifyouhadaskedhimyesterday,youwouldknowwhattodonow.

〔從句與過去事實相反，主句與現(xiàn)在事實相反?！?/p>

Ifithadrainedlastnight(過去),itwouldbeverycoldtoday(現(xiàn)在).Ifhehadfollowedthedoctor’sadvice,hewouldbequiteallrightnow.第十二頁，共47頁。122.名詞性從句的虛擬語氣(1).Wish引導(dǎo)的賓語從句與現(xiàn)在

事實相反(xiāngfǎn)

：過去時〔were〕與過去事實相反(xiāngfǎn)：

had+過去分詞與將來

事實相反(xiāngfǎn)

：would/could/might+Ve.g.:IwishIwereabird.Iwishhehadn‘tdonethat.(do)IwishIwouldberichinthefuture.第十三頁，共47頁。13IwishI_____tohaveawordwithDannywhenhewasherelastweek.

hadbeenableshouldbeablehavebeenablewereable第十四頁，共47頁。14HowIwishI_____aswellasshe.shallsingcansingcouldsingshouldsing第十五頁，共47頁。15〔2)表示要求(yāoqiú),命令,建議的虛擬語氣賓語從句中常見動詞:一個堅持(jiānchí),兩個命令,三個建議,四個要求。即1).insist2).order,command3).advise,suggest,propose4).demand,require,request,desire第十六頁，共47頁。16WesuggestedthatTom

havearest.Heinsisted

thatI

(should)be

present.Thekingorderedthattheprisoners

bekilled

thenextday.Theyrequested

thatwe

(should)send

themtoworkthere.第十七頁，共47頁。17Isuggestthatwe(should)holdameetingnextweek.Heinsistedthathe(should)besentthere.注意：如果suggest,insist不表示“建議〞或“堅持要某人做某事〞時，即它們(tāmen)用于其本意“暗示、說明〞、“堅持認(rèn)為〞時，賓語從句用陳述語氣。HispalefacesuggestedthathewasillTheboyinsistedthathewasright.第十八頁，共47頁。181.Theguardatgateinsistedthateverybody____(obey)therules.2.Heinsistedthatshe___(be)seriouslyillandthat______(send)tohospitalsatonce.obeywasbesent第十九頁，共47頁。19〔3〕在主語從句表語從句，同位語從句中的應(yīng)用

1〕在suggestion,proposal,idea,plan,order,advice等名詞后面的表語從句、同位從句中要用虛擬語氣，即〔should〕+動詞原形。demand(要求),desire(請求),requirment(要求)advice(勸告(quàngào)),recommendation(建議),suggestion(建議)order(命令)necessity(必要地),preference(優(yōu)先)proposal(方案),plan(方案),idea(方法)，recommendation等。第二十頁，共47頁。20Thesuggestionthatthemayorpresenttheprizeswasacceptedbyeveryone．Theadviceisthatwe(should可省略(shěnglüè))leaveatonce.

Myideaisthatwe(should)getmorepeopletoattendtheconference.(idea,should+get)(表示做出主意)Imakeaproposalthatwe(should)holdameetingnextweek.

第二十一頁，共47頁。212〕在主語從句中Itisimportant/necessary/strange/nature/vital/desired/demandedapity/ashamethat…that引導(dǎo)(yǐndǎo)的從句中的謂語動詞用should+v。Itisnecessarythatweshouldhaveawalknow.Itisnaturalthatshebetakengoodcareof.Itisimportantthatweshouldtakecareofthepatient.第二十二頁，共47頁。223.狀語從句

1)as

if／as

though引導(dǎo)(yǐndǎo)的狀語從句

as

if／as

though〔仿佛、好似〕引起方式狀語從句，

a．一般過去時〔表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反〕

b．過去完成時〔表示與過去事實相反〕

c．would

＋do〔表示與將來事實相反〕

第二十三頁，共47頁。23Helooksasifhewerehisfather.Thetwostrangerstalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsformanyyears.Heseemedasthoughhehadknowneverything.Theytalkedandtalkedasiftheywouldnevermeetagain.Note:如果句子表示的是陳述語氣(yǔqì)，事實那么要用陳述語氣(yǔqì)e.g.:Itlooksasifitisgoingtorainbecausetherearealotofdarkclouds.第二十四頁，共47頁。242)．lest／in

case

／for

fear

that引導(dǎo)的狀語從句

lest〔以防、以免〕、in

case〔萬一、以防〕、for

fear

that〔因恐、免得〕引起的狀語從句中，謂語動詞(dòngcí)要使用〔should〕＋do的形式。

The

old

woman

walked

slowly

lest

she〔should〕slip．Hetookenoughmoneyforfearthatunexpectedthingsshouldhappen.Hestartedoutearlierlestheshouldbelate.第二十五頁，共47頁。254.定語從句It’s(about/high)time+從句，表示“該做而未做的事〞,是一種婉轉(zhuǎn)的建議,從句中的動詞(dòngcí)用一般過去時，或should+doItishightimewebegantowork.We’veenjoyedtheevening,butit’stimewewenthome.It’sabouttimetheboylearnedtobehavehimself.第二十六頁，共47頁。26虛擬語氣特殊(tèshū)句型：5.ifonly

現(xiàn)在：過去(guòqù)：未來：did〔were〕haddonewoulddo

IfonlyI

knewhisname!Ifonlywe

hadfollowedyouradvice!IfonlyI

couldsee

himagain!第二十七頁，共47頁。276.wouldratherthat現(xiàn)在(xiànzài)：過去：未來：Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.

Iwouldratheryouhadgone,too.Don’tcome.Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.diddidhaddone第二十八頁，共47頁。281.Withoutsunlight,orwaterorair,there___nolifeontheearth.AwillhaveBwouldbeCcanbeDmustbe2Butforthesnow,we___earlier.AwillarriveBwouldhavearrivedCarriveDarrived第二十九頁，共47頁。291.Isitnecessarythathe_____theexamination?A.takes B.hastotakeC.musttake D.take2.Itisstrangethathe_____youthis.A.wouldtellB.shouldtellC.hadtoldD.hastoldDB第三十頁，共47頁。30判斷(pànduàn)是否虛擬2.判斷(pànduàn)虛擬類型3.判斷虛擬(xūnǐ)時間Pass!虛擬語氣應(yīng)試對策第三十一頁，共47頁。311.Ifhehadnotlosthismoney,he___thepianolastweek.A.wouldbuyB.hadboughtC.boughtD.couldhavebought2.Ifweweretobe200yearsold,we___everything.A.willchangeB.canchangeC.couldchangeD.changedPractise第三十二頁，共47頁。323.Ifyou__thatfilmlastnight,youwouldnotbesosleepynow.A.didn’tseeB.haven’tseenC.wouldn’tseenD.hadn’tseen第三十三頁，共47頁。334.Youarelate.Ifyou__alittleminutesearlier,you__him.A.came,wouldmeetB.hadcome,wouldhavemetC.came,wouldhavemetD.weretocome,wouldmeet第三十四頁，共47頁。345.Butforthestorm,we__apleasantjourney.A.shouldhaveB.havehadC.wouldhaveD.shouldhavehad6.___todothework,Ishoulddoitsomeotherday.A.IfwereIB.IwereC.WereID.WasI第三十五頁，共47頁。357.Withoutthecomputer,theproblem__insuchashorttime.A.couldn’tbesolvedB.wouldn’thavesolvedC.couldn’thavebeensolved第三十六頁，共47頁。368.Withoutelectricity,humanlife__quitedifferenttoday.A.willbeB.weretobeC.wouldbeD.is第三十七頁，共47頁。379.“Youareveryselfish.It’shightimeyou_______youarenotthemostimportantpersonintheworld,〞Edgarsaidtohisbossangrily.A.haverealizedB.realizedC.realizeD.hadrealized第三十八頁，共47頁。3810.IwishI____longernextmorning,butIhavetogetupandcometoclass.A.couldsleepB.sleptC.mighthavesleptD.hadslept第三十九頁，共47頁。3911.Iadvisedthatyou___thejobassoonaspossible.AfinishedBfinishingCtofinishDfinish12Theworkersinthefactorydemandedthattheirpay___beraised.AshouldBwouldCmustDcould第四十頁，共47頁。4013.MyfatherdidnotgotoNewYork;thedoctorsuggestedthathe_____there.

A.notwent

B.won'tgo

C.notgo

D.nottogo

第四