2022年內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)鄂爾多斯市大學英語6級大學英語六級真題一卷(含答案)

2022年內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)鄂爾多斯市大學英語6級大學英語六級真題一卷(含答案)學校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.

Organicfoodisnotnecessarilybetterthanconventionalfoodintermsofnutrition,safetyortaste.

A.YB.NC.NG

2.

AccordingtoDr.Sarno,almostallkindsofbackpaincouldbeattributedto______.

3.Emergencyoperatorscanidentifythepreciselocationofcell-phonecallersthroughGPSsystemswiththeuseof______.

4.

TheauthordefinesanidealasPlatonicwhen

A.ittriestochangetheworld

B.itisnotperfect

C.itisnotcompatiblewiththereality

D.itmatchestherealworld

5.

Childrentendtohaveslightlyhighernormaltemperaturethanadults.

A.YB.NC.NG

6.

TheJosephsonInstitutespecializesinstudying______.

A.theimportanceofonlineeducation

B.themoralprinciplesamongtheyouth

C.employmentofcollegegraduates

D.collegestudents'learninghabits

7.AsthecentersiteoftheworshipofZeus,OlympiahostedtheopeningceremonyfortheancientOlympicgames.

8.

Theauthorsuggeststhatthewifekeepthemoneywhilethehusbanddecideshowtospendit.

A.YB.NC.NG

9.Whatdoresearchersthinkisthedriveformanyeverydaypreferences?

A.Thehastejudgment.

B.Themechanismofself-feedback.

C.Theinteractionwithothers.

D.Theexpectationforthefuture.

10.

Accordingtotheauthor,achildwith______isanexceptionalchildbyitself.

11.

In1940Hughespublished______.

12.

Duetosoilerosion,peoplelivingintheforestregionshavetomigrateannuallyinorderto______.

13.

Hightea,thetypicalmealinScotlandandmanypartsofnorthernEngland,istaken______.

A.lateintheevening

B.asthesubstituteforteaandlunch

C.ataboutsixo'clockintheevening

D.onlybythetourists

14.

AsapartofDHS'sMetropolitanMedicalResponseSystem,acitycanobtain______indevelopingplans.

15.

Traditionalmediaoutletssuchas______maystillhoaxtheiraudiencesnowadays.

16.

Theautomatedphonesystemisso______thatpeoplehavetotalktoarealpersontosolvesomeproblems.

17.

Whatisveryimportantinthelong-distancetrainingofdogs?

A.Tourgedogsrunfor2000to3000mileseveryday.

B.Totrainthedogsforatleastoneyear.

C.Totrainthedogstopullvehiclesondryland.

D.Togetthedogsaccustomedtorunninglongdistances.

18.

Takingenoughcaffeinecanhelptorelievethepainwhenyouaresufferingamigraineheadache.

A.YB.NC.NG

19.

IfacityhasearnedtheCDC's"greenstatus",itmeansthatitslocalhealthteamscan______ontheirown.

20.

Theteacherwillprovideacontextandwhiletheclassispracticing,theteachershouldmonitor.

A.YB.NC.NG

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.(22)

A.TheywerereligiouspeoplefromNewEngland.

B.TheywerereligiouspeoplefromAmerica.

C.Theywerereligi6uspeoplefromEngland.

D.TheywereethnicpeoplefromEngland.

22.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

Fromthechildtooldage,wealluselanguageasameansof【B1】______ourknowledgeofourselvesandtheworldaroundus.Whenhumansfirst【B2】______,theywerelikenewbornchildren,unabletousethisvaluabletool.Yetoncelanguagedeveloped,the【B3】______forhuman'skind'sfutureattainmentandculturalgrowthincreased.

Manylinguistsbelievethatevolutionis【B4】______forourabilitytoproduceanduselanguage.They【B5】______thatourhighevolvedbrainprovidesuswithaninnatelanguageabilitynotfoundinlowerorganism.Proponentsofthisinnatenesstheorysaythatourpotentialforlanguageis【B6】______,butthatlanguageitselfdevelops【B7】______,asafunctionofthegrowthofthebrainduringchildhood.Thereforetherearecriticalbiologicaltimesforlanguagedevelopment.

Currentreviewsofinnatenesstheoryaremixed,however,evidencesupportingthe【B8】______ofsomeinnateabilitiesisundeniable.Indeed,moreandmoreschoolsarediscoveringthatforeignlanguagesarebesttaughtinthelowergrades.【B9】______.

Althoughsomeaspectsoflanguageareundeniablyinnate,languagedoesnotdevelopautomaticallyinavacuum.Childrenwhohavebeenisolatedfromotherhumanbeingsdonotpossesslanguage.【B10】______Somelinguistsbelievethatthisisevenmorebasictohumanlanguageacquisitionthananyinnatecapacities.Thesetheoristsviewlanguageasimitative,learnedbehavior.Inotherwords,childrenlearnlanguagefromtheirparentsbyimitatingthem.【B11】______.

【B1】

23.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

聽力原文：M:TherewasapartyonourschoolcampusSundayevening.Didyougo?

W:HadIknownabouttheparty,Iwouldhavebeenpresentforit.

Q:Whatdowelearnaboutthewoman?

(12)

A.Shewenttothepartywithoutknowingit.

B.Shewasinvitedtotheparty.

C.Shewaspresentfortheparty.

D.Shewasabsentfromtheparty.

24.

【B4】

25.聽力原文：ThenumberofspeakersofEnglishinShakespeare'stimeisestimatedtohavebeenaboutfivemillion.Todayitisestimatedthatsome300millionpeoplespeakitasanativelanguage,mainlyintheUnitedStates,Canada,GreatBritain,Ireland,SouthAfrica,AustraliaandNewZealand.InadditiontothestandardvarietiesofEnglishfoundintheseareas,thereareagreatmanyregionalandsocialvarietiesofthelanguageaswellasvariouslevelsofusagethatareemployedbothinitsspokenandwrittenforms.Infact,[30]itisimpossibletoestimatethenumberofpeopleintheworldwhohaveacquiredanadequateworkingknowledgeofEnglishinadditiontotheirownlanguage.ThepurposeforEnglishlearningandthesituationsinwhichsuchlearningtakesplacearesovariedthatitisdifficulttoexplainandstillmoredifficulttojudgewhatformsanadequateworkingknowledgeforeachsituation.

ThemainreasonforthewidespreaddemandforEnglishisitspresentimportanceasaworldlanguage.Besidesservingtheindefiniteneedsofitsnativespeakers,Englishisalanguageinwhichsomeofimportantworksinscience,technologyandotherfieldsarebeingproduced,andnotalwaysbynativespeakers.Itiswidelyusedforsuchpurposesasairportcommunications,internationalconferences,andthespreadofinformationovertheradioandtelevisionnetworksofmanynations.Itisalanguageofwidercommunicationforanumberofdevelopingcountries,especiallyformerBritishcolonies.[31]Manyofthesecountrieshavemultilingualpopulationsandneedalanguageforinternalcommunicationinsuchmattersasgovernment,commerce,industry,lawandeducationaswellasforinternationalcommunicationandforentrancetothescientificandtechnologicaldevelopmentsintheWest.

(30)

A.Languagespeopleuseininternationalcommunication.

B.ThepopularityofEnglishasaworldlanguage.

C.ThedevelopmentofEnglishasanativelanguage.

D.ThevarietyofEnglishinspokenandwrittenforms.

26.聽力原文：W:DoyouknowifJudy'saround?She'ssupposedtogoswimmingwithustoday.

M:Well,herbathingsuitishereonthechair.

Q:WhatdoweknowaboutJudy?

(17)

A.Sheshouldcleanupherself.

B.Sheforgottobringherbathingsuit.

C.Shemightbealreadyswimming.

D.Sheislikelytobenearby.

27.聽力原文：W:Isetuptheconferencetableforadozenpeople,butMr.Wilsoncalledandsaidhecan'tmakeit.

M:Don'tchangeanythingyet.Wedidn'texpectMr.Miller,butIjustheardheintendstocomeafterall.

Q:Howmanypeoplearenowexpectedatthemeeting?

(17)

A.10.B.11.C.12.D.13.

28.(35)

A.FromtheASPCA.

B.Fromthelibrary.

C.Bybuyingadogfromastore.

D.Byreadinghooksaboutdogsincludingpuppytraining.

29.聽力原文：W:IsAuntMargaretin?Somethingurgentforher.

M:Sorry,motherhasgoneshopping.Shewon'tbebackuntilnoon.Andsheforgottotakethemobilephonewithher.

Q:Whatdoyouthinkabouttherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?

(18)

A.Auntandniece.

B.Uncleandniece.

C.Cousins.

D.Fatheranddaughter.

30.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

聽力原文：ThesilenceoftheReferenceLibrarywasbrokenonlybyanoccasionalcoughandnowandthenbythescarcelyaudiblesoundofpagesbeingturnedover.Therewereabouttwentypeopleintheroom,mostofthemwiththeirheadsbentovertheirbooks.Theassistantlibrarianwhowasinchargeoftheroomsatatadeskinonecorner.SheglancedatPhilipashecamein,andthenwentonwithherwork.

Philiphasnotbeentothispartofthelibrarybefore.Hewalkedaroundtheroomalmostontiptoe,afraidofdisturbingtheindustriousreaderswithhisheavyshoes.Theshelveswerefilledwiththickvolumes:dictionariesinanylanguages,encyclopedias,atlases,biographiesandotherworksofreference.Hefoundnothingthatwaslikelytointeresthimuntilhecametoasmallshelfoutofhisreach,sohehadtofetchasmallladderinordertogetonedown.Unfortunately,ashewasclimbingdowntheladder,thebookhehadchosenslippedfromhisgraspandfelltothefloorwithaloudcrash.Twentypairsofeyeslookedupathimsimultaneously,annoyedbyhisunaccustomeddisturbance.Philipfelthimselfgoredashepickeduphisbook,whichdidnotseemtohavebeendamagedbyitsfall.

Hehadjustsatdownwhenhefoundtheyoungladyassistantstandingalongsidehim."Youmustbemorecarefulwhenyouarehandlingthesebooks."shesaidseverely.Satisfiedthatshehaddoneherduty,sheturnedtogobacktoherdesk.Thenasuddenthoughtshuckher."Bytheway,howoldareyou?"sheaskedPhilip."Thirteen."Hetoldher."Youarenotallowedinhereifyou'reundertheageoffourteen,youknow,"theassistantsaid."Didn'tyouseethenoticeonthedoor?."Philipshookhishead.Heexpectedtheassistanttoaskhimtoleave.Instead,inamorekindlytone,shesaid,"Well,nevermind.Butmakesurethatyoudon'tdisturbtheotherreadersagain,otherwiseIshallhavetoaskyoutoleave."

(27)

A.Philiphasnotbeentothispartofthelibrarybefore.

B.Itwasveryquietinthelibrary.

C.Philipfellofftheladderandmadealoudnoise.

D.Thelibrarianwasverykindtoreaders.

31.

【B2】

32.(34)

A.Iftheircaretakerabusesthem.

B.Iftheircaretakerscratchestheirbellies.

C.Iftheircaretakerdoesnotcomeacrossasaleader.

D.Iftheircaretakerignoresthem.

33.(28)

A.Theycouldn'tgetenoughincometokeepthemrunning.

B.Youngpeoplecouldn'taffordtopaythetuitionfees.

C.Keepingthemrunningatthesamelevelwouldcastmuchmore.

D.Socialservicesneedmorestatefundsbecauseoftherecession.

34.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

聽力原文：W:Doyouwanttogorunningdownbythelakeafterpsychologyclass.Ireallyliketotakeadvantageofthebeautifulweatherthisafternoon

M:Well,normallyIbegintogatherwithmystudygroupthen,butIguessIcanskipthatjustthisonce.

Whatdoesthemanmean?

(12)

A.Hewantstostayinthesunshine.

B.Hewouldliketogoforarun.

C.Hewillstudyafterschool.

D.Hewillhaveagather-togetherwithhisfriends.

35.聽力原文：Whatcanhospitalsdotohelppatientsrecoverfasterfromillness?Apartfromnursingandmedicine,(26)onewaythatisgettingmoreattentionistoimprovethequalityoftheenvironmentinhospitals.(27)NowsomeofBritain'smosttalentedartistshavebeencalledintotransform.olderhospitals.Ofthe2500NationalHealthServicehospitalsinBritain,(27)almost100nowhavelargecollectionsofcontemporaryartincorridors,waitingareasandtreatmentrooms.

(28)Theserecentcreativeideasoweagreatdealtooneartist,PeterSenior.HesetuphisstudioataManchesterhospitalinnortheasternEnglandduringtheearly1970s.(29)Hefelttheartisthadlosthisplaceinmodernsociety,andthatartshouldbeenjoyedbyawideraudience.

Atypicalhospitalwaitingroommighthaveasmanyas5000visitorseachweek.Whatbetterplacetoholdregularexhibitionsofart!Seniorwassopopularthathewassoonjoinedbysixyoungartschoolgraduates.

Theeffectwasstriking.Nowinthecorridorsandwaitingmomsthevisitorshaveafullviewoffreshcolors,amusingimagesandpeacefulcourtyards.

Thequalityoftheenvironmentmayreducetheexpensivedrugswhenapatientisrecoveringfromanillness.Accordingtoastudy,patientswhohadaviewofagardenneededhalfthenumberofstrongpainkillerscomparedwithpatientswhohadonlyabrickwalltolookat.Thoseluckypatientssaidtheyusedtobesoupsetwhentheysawthedullenvironmentinhospitals.

(33)

A.Expensivemedicine.

B.Goodnursing.

C.Betterenvironmentinhospitals.

D.Recoveryathome.

36.(14)

A.Sheshouldliveinthecountry.

B.Sheshouldlivenearthespring.

C.Hepreferstoliveinthecountry.

D.Heagreeswiththewoman.

37.(32)

A.Directthebuildingworkonthebridge.

B.Leadthebuildersofthebridgeinahospital.

C.Directtheconstructionofthebridgebyradio.

D.Givehisdirectionstotheworkersfromaflatnearby.

38.(24)

A.WatchTV.B.Listentotheradio.C.ReadnovelsD.Makebed.

39.

【B7】

40.聽力原文：W:That'sanicecomputer.Itssoftwareisespeciallywonderful.

M:Theproblemishowtoutilizeit.

Q:Whataretheydiscussing?

(19)

A.Howtobuyagoodcomputer.

B.Howtoborrowacomputerfromthecompany.

C.Thepriceofthecomputer.

D.Thenewly-boughtcomputer.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.

WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueinthecaseofpathologicalfatigue?

A.Youareinvolvedinsomanyactivitiesthatyouhavetobeintwoplacesatonce.

B.Yourbodyhasadisease.

C.Thecellsfailtodealwithfightingthediseaseandkeepingyoualiveatthesametime.

D.Thefirstthingtodoistocurethedisease.

42.

Whichofthefollowingstatementistrueaccordingtothetext?

A.TheHartslikeapublicuniversitybetterthanaprivateone.

B.Itismucheasiertopaythetuitionatpresent.

C.Allstudentscangetthesubsidizedloans.

D.Traditionalscholarshipsarestillattractivetosomefamilies.

43.

【C2】

44.Robot.Itisawordthatseemsverymodem.Awordthatcreatesastrongmentalpicture.Apictureofsomethingthatlooksandactslikeahuman.Robotsarenothuman,ofcourse.Theyaremachines.

Thewordrobotandrobotsthemselvesarelessthan100yearsold.Buthumanshavebeendreamingofrealandimaginarycopiesofthemselvesforthousandsofyears.Earlypeoplemadelittlehumanstatuesoutofclay.Andtheycutwoodandstonetolooklikehumans.

Whatisthefutureofrobots?Thegoalofscientistsistocreateatruehumanlikerobot.Someexpertshavedescribedthisrobotofthefutureasonethatcanactindependentlywiththephysicalworldthroughitsownsensesandactions.Humanshavetheabilitytosee,hear,speakandsolveproblems.Engineershavebuiltrobotsthathaveoneortwooftheseabilities.Butittakesanumberofbigexpensivecomputerstomaketherobotswork.

Thebiggestproblemincreatingahumanlikerobotiscopyinghumanintelligence.Thewaythehumanmindworksisalmostimpossibletocopy.Asimplecomputercansolvemathematicalproblemsfarbeyondtheabilityofeventhesmartesthumanmind.Butthehumanmindisbetterthanathousandsupercomputersatspeaking,hearingandproblemsolving.SeveralAmericanandJapanesecompaniesareworkingtodevelopthesensesofsightandtouchforrobots.Thedevelopmentofthesesenseswillmakerobotsmuchmoreuseful.

However,themostimportanthumanabilitythemostdifficulttocopyisproblemsolving.Anintelligentrobotmustbeabletochangethewayitactswhenitfacesanunexpectedsituation.Humansdoitallthetime.Computersmustdoitforrobots.Thismeanscomputersmusthaveahugebaseofinformationaboutmanythings.Theymustbeabletofindquicklytheneededinformationintheirsystems.Andtheymustmakechoicesabouthowtoact.Sofar,thisisbeyondtheabilityofcomputers.

Accordingtothepassage,howeverintelligentarobotmaybe,it______.

A.actsasanordinaryanimal

B.isnothingbutamachine

C.isviewedasamodemmyth

D.isregardedasahumanbeing

45.

Inthepastitwasexpectedthatfirstjobhunterswould______.

46.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Scientistshaveknownsince1952thatDNAisthebasicstuffofheredity.They'veknownitschemicalstructuresince1953.TheyknowthathumanDNAactslikeabiologicalcomputerprogramsome3billionbitslongthatspellsouttheinstructionsformakingproteins,thebasicbuildingblocksoflife.

Buteverythingthegeneticengineershaveaccomplishedduringthepasthalf-centuryisjustapreambletotheworkthatCollinsandAndersonandlegionsofcolleaguesaredoingnow.CollinsleadstheHumanGenomeProject,a15-yearefforttodrawthefirstdetailedmapofeverynookandcrannyofgeneinhumanDNA.Anderson,whopioneeredthefirstsuccessfulhumangene-therapyoperations,isleadingthecampaigntoputinformationaboutDNAtouseasquicklyaspossibleinthetreatmentandpreventionofhumandiseases.

Whattheyandotherresearchersareplottingisnothinglessthanabiomedicalrevolution.LikeSiliconValleypiratesreverse-engineeringacomputerchiptostealacompetitor'ssecrets,geneticengineersaredecodinglife'smolecularsecretsandtryingtousethatknowledgetoreversethenaturalcourseofdisease.DNAintheirhandshasbecomebothablueprintandadrag,apharmacologicalsubstanceofextraordinarypotencythatcantreatnotjustsymptomsorthediseasesthatcausethembutalsotheimperfectionsinDNAthatmakepeoplesusceptibletoadisease.

Andthat'sjustthebeginning.Forallthefeveredworkbeingdone,however,scienceisstillfarawayfromtheBraveNewWorldvisionofengineeringaperfecthuman—orevenaperfecttomato.Muchmoreresearchisneededbeforegenetherapybecomescommonplace,andmanydiseaseswilltakedecadestoconquer,iftheycanbeconqueredatall.

Intheshortrun,themostpracticalwaytousethenewtechnologywillbeingeneticscreening.DoctorswillbeabletodetectallsortsofflawsinDNAlongbeforetheycanbefixed.Insomecasestheknowledgemayleadtotreatmentsthatdelaytheonsetofthediseaseorsoftenitseffects.Someonewithageneticpredispositiontoheartdisease,forexample,couldfollowalow-fatdiet.Andifscientistsdeterminethatvitalproteinismissingbecausethegenethatwassupposedtomakeitdefective,theymightbeabletogivethepatientanartificialversionoftheprotein.Butinotherinstances,almostnothingcanbedonetostoptheravagesbroughtonbygeneticmutations.

WhatachievementshavebeengotbyCollinsandAndersonandlegionsofcolleagues?

A.TheyknowthathumanDNAactslikeabiologicalcomputerprogram.

B.Theyhavefoundthebasicbuildingblocksoflife.

C.Theyhaveaccomplishedsomegeneticdiscoveryduringthepasthalf-century.

D.TheyaremakingabreakthroughinDNA.

47.

WhataresaidtobethemostimportantfeatureofCholericpeople?

A.Cruelbutsympathetic.

B.Decisiveandcold.

C.Hostileandfun-loving.

D.Strong-willedandpolite.

48.

Accordingtotheauthor,whatmightbetheconventionaldemocracyforstudents?

A.StudentsarefreetoselectTVprograms.

B.Studentsaresupposedtoinvolveinnationalandcommunityresponsibility.

C.Studentsarefreewiththeirbrandchoice.

D.Studentsarefreeinselectingschools.

49.

【C7】

50.

Bysaying"nobodyundersellsAmerica",theauthormeansthat______.

A.nocountryunderestimatesthecompetitivenessofAmericanproducts

B.nobodyexpectstheAmericanstocutthepricesoftheircommodities

C.nobodyrestrainsthesellingofAmericangoods

D.nocountrysellsatalowerpricethanAmerica

51.Acontroversyeruptedinthescientificcommunityinearly1998overtheuseofDNA(deoxyribonucleicacid)fingerprintingincriminalinvestigations.DNAfingerprintingwasintroducedin1987asamethodtoidentifyindividualsbasedonapatternseenintheirDNA,themoleculeofwhichgenesaremade.DNAispresentineverycellofthebodyexceptredbloodcells.DNAfingerprintinghasbeenusedsuccessfullyinvariousways,suchastodeterminepaternity(父親的身份)whereitisnotclearwhothefatherofaparticularchildis.However,itisintheareaofcriminalinvestigationsthatDNAfingerprintinghaspotentiallypowerfulandcontroversialuses.

DNAfingerprintingandotherDNAanalysistechniqueshaverevolutionizedcriminalinvestigationsbygivinginvestigatorspowerfulnewtoolsintheattempttoproveguilt,notjustestablishinnocence.Whenusedincriminalinvestigations,aDNAfingerprintpatternfromasuspectiscomparedwithaDNAfingerprintpatternobtainedfromsuchmaterialashairsorbloodfoundatthesceneofacrime.AmatchbetweenthetwoDNAsamplescanbeusedasevidencetoconvictasuspect.

Thecontroversyin1998stemmedfromareportpublishedinDecember1991bypopulationgeneticistsRichardC.LewontinofHarvardUniversityinCambridge,Mass,andDanielL.HartlofWashingtonUniversitySchoolofMedicineinSt.Louis,Mo.LewontinandHartlcalledintoquestionthemethodstocalculatehowlikelyitisthatamatchbetweentwoDNAfingerprintsmightoccurbychancealone.Inparticular,theyarguedthatthecurrentmethodCannotproperlydeterminethelikelihoodthattwoDNAsampleswillmatchbecausetheycamefromthesameindividualratherthansimplyfromtwodifferentindividualswhoaremembersofthesameethnicgroup.LewontinandHartlcalledforbettersurveysofDNApatterns.

Inresponsetotheircriticisms,populationgeneticistsRanajitChakrabortyoftheUniversityofTexasinDallasandKennethK.KiddofYaleUniversityinNewHaven,Conn.,arguedthatenoughdataarealreadyavailabletoshowthatthemethodscurrentlybeingusedareadequate.InJanuary1998,however,theFederalBureauofinvestigationandlaboratoriesthatconductDNAtestsannouncedthattheywouldcollectadditionalDNAsamplesfromvariousethnicgroupsinanattempttoresolvesomeofthesequestions.And,inApril,theNationalAcademyofSciencescalledforstrictstandardsandsystemofaccreditation(鑒定合格)forDNAtestinglaboratories.

BeforeDNAfingerprintingisused,suspects______.

A.wouldhavetoleavetheirfingerprintsforfurtherinvestigations

B.couldeasilyescapeconvictionofguilt

C.wouldhavetosubmitevidencefortheirinnocence

D.couldbeconvictedofguiltaswell

52.

Thebesttitleforthetextmaybe______.

A.UseHumorEffectively

B.DifferentHumorStrategies

C.AddHumortoSpeech

D.VariousKindsofHumor

53.

Accordingtotheauthor,ageneralsubjectis_____.

A.afreechoiceofsubject

B.ageneralform

C.alargecategoryofinformation

D.anopenassignment

54.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Letchildrenlearntojudgetheirownwork.Achildlearningtotalkdoesnotlearnbybeingcorrectedallthetime.Ifcorrectedtoomuch,hewillstoptalking.Henoticesathousandtimesadaythedifferencebetweenthelanguageheusesandthelanguagethosearoundhimuse.Bitbybit,hemakesthenecessarychangestomakehislanguagelikewhatotherpeoplesay.Inthesameway,whenchildrenlearntodoalltheotherthingstheylearntodowithoutbeingtaught,towork,run,climb,whistle,orrideabicycle.Theycomparethoseperformanceswiththoseofmoreskilledpeople,andslowlymaketheneededchanges.Butinschoolwenevergiveachildachancetofindouthisownmistakesforhimself,letalonecorrectthem.Wedoitallforhim.Weactasifwethoughtthathewouldnevernoticeamistakeunlessitwaspointedouttohim,orcorrectitunlesshewasmadeto.Soonhebecomesdependentontheteacher.Lethimdoithimself.Lethimworkout,withthehelpofotherchildrenifhewantsit,whatthiswordsays,whatansweristothatproblem,whetherthisisagoodwayofsayingordoingthisornot.Ifitisamatterofrightanswers,asitmaybeinmathematicsorscience,givehimtheanswerbook.Lethimcorrecthisownpapers.Whyshouldweteacherswastetimeonsuchroutinework?Ourjobshouldbetohelpthechildwhenhetellsusthathecan'tfindawaytogettherightanswer.Let'sendthisnonsenseofgrades,examsandmarks.Letusthrowthemallout,andletthechildrenlearnwhatalleducatedpersonsmustsomedaylearn,thatis,howtomeasuretheirownunderstandingandhowtoknowwhattheyknowordonotknow.Letthemgetonwiththisjobinthewaythatseemsmostsensibletothem,withourhelpasschoolteachersiftheyaskforit.Theideathatthereisabodyofknowledgetobelearntatschoolandusedfortherestofone'slifeisnonsenseinaworldascomplicatedandrapidlychangingasours.Anxiousparentsandteacherssay,"Butsupposetheyfailtolearnsomething