2022-2023學(xué)年浙江省高考英語(yǔ)模擬試卷

2023年高考英語(yǔ)新材料仿真模擬押題卷（浙江專用卷）全解全析注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題分，滿分分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1．HowmanyclassesdoesthewomanhaveonThursday?A．Two. B．Four. C．Five.【答案】C【原文】M:HenryhasfourclassesonWednesdayandPeterhasthree.W:Ionlyhavetwo,butIhavefiveonThursday.2．Whendidthewomanfinishherpaper?A．At9a.m. B．At11a.m. C．At12noon.【答案】A【原文】M:Haveyoufinishedyourpaper,Mary?Ihandedmineinateleveno’clockinthemorning.W:Yes,Ihave.Ifinishedmineatnine,butI’llhanditinbytwelve.3．WhywasPaulatthehospital?A．Hewasill. B．Hewasvisitinghissister. C．HewasvisitingCelia.【答案】B【原文】M:Hello,Celia.Doyouknowwhat’swrongwithPaul?Isawhimatthehospitaltoday.W:Heisfine.Hissisterjusthadababyandhewasvisitingher.M:Really?Doyouthinkweshouldpayheravisit,too?4．Whatcanweknowfromthedialogue?A．Thewomantoldalie.B．Thewoman'smotherfellillthismorning.C．Thewomancouldtaketheexam.【答案】A【原文】M:Youaretoolate.Iamsorrybutyoucannottaketheexamnow.W:Iamsorry,butmymotherwasillinbedthismorningandIhadtolookafterher.M:Behonest!YourmotherwastalkingwiththepresidentinhisofficewhenIpassedby.5．Whatkindofjobdoesthewomanprobablyapplyfor?A．Ateacher. B．Asocialworker. C．Asecretary.【答案】C【原文】M:Whatqualificationsdoyouhaveforthejob?W:I’vegotfiveyearsofteachingexperienceinahighschool,andIoncewasavolunteersocialworker.Thatexperiencedevelopedmyabilityandpatience.M:Beingasecretaryisdifferent.Youhavetodealwithroutinework,andthereshouldbenomistakes,notevenindetails.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題分，滿分分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話，回答第6至第7兩個(gè)小題。6．Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A．Havearest. B．Domoreexercise. C．Finishhispaper.7．What’stheman’sattitudetowardsmountainclimbing?A．It’stough. B．It’swonderful. C．It’sterrible.【答案】6．B

7．B【原文】W:Daddy,howareyougoingtospendyourweekend?M:Ineedtofinishmyresearchpaper.W:Couldyougoclimbingwithme?M:Honey,Iamsorry.Ihavenotime.W:Oh,Daddy,youshoulddomoreexercise.Youaregettingalittleheavy.M:Iamafraidyouareright.Recently,evengoingupstairsmakesmeoutofbreath.W:Thengoclimbingwithme,Daddy.MountainclimbingcanbuildyourmuscleslikePopeye's.M:Terrific!Itisalsogoodexercisetokeepmefit.W:Igiveyoumyword:youmustfeelrefreshedaftermountainclimbing.M:OK,I'llgo.W:It'sadeal.M:Sure.聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話，回答第8至第9兩個(gè)小題。8．Whatisthemandoing?A．Checkingin. B．Bookingaroom. C．Inquiringaboutthehotel.9．Howlongdoesbreakfastlast?A．Twoandahalfhours. B．Twohours. C．Oneandahalfhour.【答案】8．A

9．C【原文】W:HowmayIhelpyou?M:Imadeareservationundermyname.W:Whatisyourname,sir?M:MynameisJohnSmith.W:Youmadeareservationforasingleroom?M:That’scorrect.Howmuchisit?W:It’s$200pernight.M:Doesthatincludebreakfast?W:Yes.Breakfastisservedintherestaurantonthefirstfloorfromseventhirtytonineo’clock.M:Okay.W:Pleasefilloutthehotelregister,first.Howwouldyouliketopay?M:Iwillpaybycard.W:Thankyou.YoucantaketheelevatortoRoom308.Hereisthekey.M:Thankyou.下面一段對(duì)話，回答第10至第12三個(gè)小題。10．WhydidthefirstMcDonald'srestauranthavenoseats?A．Tomakepeopleeatquickly. B．Tosavemoney. C．Toavoidwashingdishes.11．WhichMcDonald'ssellsthemosthamburgersintheworld?A．TheHongKong'sMcDonald's. B．OneinNewYork. C．ThefirstMcDonald's.12．Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?A．RayKrocrantheMcDonald'satfirst.B．RayKrocboughtthefirstMcDonald'sfromMacandDick.C．TherearemanychainstoresofMcDonald'sonlyinNewYork.【答案】10．C

11．A

12．B【原文】M:DoyouknowthefirstMcDonald’srestauranthadnoseatsforcustomerstositon?W:Inthatcase,peoplehadtostandwhileeating,didn’tthey?M:No.Mostpeopleboughtthefoodandtookitaway,andthat’sthewayMacandDickthoughtoftoavoidwashingthedishes.W:That’sagoodidea.ButwhoareMacandDick?M:TheyaretwobrotherswhoranthefirstMcDonald’s.LaterabusinessmancalledRayKrocaskedtobuytheirbusiness.W:Didthetwobrothersagree?M:Yes.TheysoldthebusinesstoRayfor27milliondollars.W:SotodaytherearesomanychainstoresofMcDonald’s,right?M:Exactly.ButwhichMcDonald’sdoyouthinksellsthemosthamburgersintheworldeveryday?W:IguessacertainoneinNewYork.M:No,no.It’stheHongKong’sMcDonald’s.W:Aha,it’shardtobelieve.聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話，回答第13至第16四個(gè)小題。13．Howmanypeoplearecomingtothespeakers'home?A．Two. B．Three. C．Four.14．Whattransportationwillvisitorstake?A．Bytrain. B．Byair. C．Bysea.15．Howlongwillthevisitorsstayinthespeakers'home?A．Aboutaweek. B．Aboutamonth. C．Awholesummervacation.16．Whatcanweknowfromtheconversation?A．TheboywillgotoFloridawithhisuncle.B．Theboyhavetofinishhishomeworkathome.C．Theboy’smotherwon’tallowhimtogotoFlorida.【答案】13．B

14．C

15．A

16．A【原文】M:Hereisaletterforyou,Mum.W:Thankyou,Tom.Oh,it’sfromUncleGeorge.M:Whatdoeshesayintheletter?W:Heiscomingtovisitus.AndhewillbringJoanandJacktoo.M:Hownice!Whenwilltheyarrive?W:Well,accordingtotheletter,theywillarrivenextFridaybecausetheyplantotakeashipthistime.Itwillcostthemalotmoremoneyiftheycomebyair.M:Willtheystayhereforthewholesummervacation,astheydidlastsummer?W:No,justforaweekorso.TheywanttogotoFloridatovisitAuntHelenafterthat.M:CanIgoandvisitAuntHelentoo?Ihaven’tseenherforalmostayear.W:ButI’mafraidyoucan’tfinishyourhomeworkintime.M:Don’tworry,Mum.Icantakemybookswithme.W:OK,ifyousayso.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答第17至第20四個(gè)小題。17．Whatistheweatherlikeinthesoutheastofthecountry?A．Sunny. B．Rainy. C．Dry.18．Whatwillthehighesttemperaturebeinthenorth?A．26℃. B．25℃. C．23℃.19．Inwhichpartarethetemperaturesabouttheaveragefortheseasonduringtheday?A．Thesoutheast. B．Thenorth. C．Thesouth.20．What'stheweatherliketomorrow?A．Itwillbesunnyinthenorth.B．Temperaturewilldropalotinthesouth.C．Itwillchangealotinthesouth.【答案】17．B

18．C

19．C

20．A【原文】M:Goodmorning.Here’stheforecastforthewholecountryuntildawntomorrow.Inthesouthofthecountry,therewillbethunderstormsinsomeplaces,especiallyinthesoutheast.Inthenorth,thingsarealittlebetter,withonlytheoddshowershereandthere,butgenerallyafairlydrydaywithtemperaturesupto23degreesCentigrade.Movingintotheevening,anycloudsthereshouldclearupandmostpartsofthenorthshouldhaveasunnyeveningandaclearnight,withtemperaturesdroppingtonearfreezinginexposedareas.Tonightinthesouth,itshouldstaythesame,stillsomequiteheavyshowersinsomeplacesandthunderstormsinthesoutheast.Temperaturesinthesouthduringthedayareaboutaverageforthetimeofyear.That’sabout20degreesCentigrade,anditremainsfairlymildduringthenight,droppingtoaround15degreesintheearlyhoursofthemorning.Finallytheoutlookfortomorrow:littlechangeinthesouth,butitwillcontinuetogetbrighterinthenorth.Well,that’sitfromme.Haveaniceday.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿分3分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AHowandWheretoSeeAurorain2022TheongoingCOVID-19pandemichasmademanypotentialtravelplanschangeconstantly.butcatchingsightofthewonderfulcosmic(宇宙的)displaycouldbepossiblethisyear.Here’sourguideonhowandwheretoseetheaurora(極光)thiswinter.Whereisthebestplacetoseethenorthernlights?SpotslikeFairbanksinAlaska,Whitehorse,YellowknifeandChurchillinCanada,andIcelandandnorthernNorwayareallsafebets.TheNOAAwebsitehasadditionaltipsonwheretoviewtheaurorawithlinkstomapsthatshowwherethelightshowcanbeseen.Thebesttimetoseethelightsdiffersslightlybycountry,but,ingeneral,thepeakseasonisbetweenNovemberandMarch.Whichcountriesareallowingtouriststoenter?Arguablythebiggestbarriertoyourchancesofenjoyingtheaurorathiswinterisnotatmospheric,buttheCOVID-19restrictionsbysomeofthecountrieswherethenorthernlightsaremostvisible.Pleasecheckofficialsourcesandtheresourcesbelowforthelatestrestrictions.·Iceland:LonelyPlanet’swebpage.·Norway:Norway’sgovernmentwebsite.·Alaska:CDC’sinternationaltravelguidelines.·Canada:LonelyPlanet’swebpage.Howtoseethesouthernlights?ThesouthernlightsarethesamephenomenonontheothersideoftheEarth.Withlesslandinthesouth,thesouthernlightsareperhapslesstalkedaboutastheymostlyoccuroverwater,buttheycanbeseenoverpartsofNewZealand,andAustraliaandTasmania.Incontrasttothenorthernlights,thesouthernlightsareusuallymostobviousfromMarchtoSeptember.21．Whichmonthisbetterforenjoyingthenorthernlights?A．January. B．April. C．July. D．October.22．Whichofthefollowingdoesn’tofferthelatesttravelrestrictions?A．TheNOAAwebsite. B．LonelyPlanet’swebpage.C．Norway’sgovernmentwebsite. D．CDC’sinternationaltravelguidelines.23．Whatisspecialaboutthesouthernlights?A．Theylastallthroughtheyear. B．Theyrarelyappearovertheland.C．Theyarepopularamongtravelers. D．Theyaredifferentfromthenorthernlights.【答案】21．A

22．A

23．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了2022年看極光的最佳地方和方式。21．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thebesttimetoseethelightsdiffersslightlybycountry,but,ingeneral,thepeakseasonisbetweenNovemberandMarch.(觀看燈光的最佳時(shí)間因國(guó)家而異，但一般來(lái)說(shuō)，旺季在11月至3月之間。)”可知January（1月）是在觀賞北極光最佳的時(shí)間段內(nèi)。故選A項(xiàng)。22．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Pleasecheckofficialsourcesandtheresourcesbelowforthelatestrestrictions.”(請(qǐng)查看官方來(lái)源和以下資源以了解最新限制。)”結(jié)合本句下文涉及國(guó)家或地區(qū)，可知TheNOAAwebsite沒(méi)有提供最新的旅游限制。故選A項(xiàng)。23．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Withlesslandinthesouth,thesouthernlightsareperhapslesstalkedaboutastheymostlyoccuroverwater,buttheycanbeseenoverpartsofNewZealand,andAustraliaandTasmania.”(由于南方土地較少，人們對(duì)南極光的談?wù)摽赡茌^少，因?yàn)槟蠘O光主要出現(xiàn)在水面上，但在新西蘭、澳大利亞和塔斯馬尼亞州的部分地區(qū)可以看到南極光。)可知南極光很少出現(xiàn)在陸地上。故選B項(xiàng)。BForyearsgoinghomefortheholidayshasbeenbittersweet.Iappreciatetheopportunitytospendqualitytimewithmymombutitispainfulformetoseeherhouselitteredwithstuff(物品).Clothesboughtbutneverworn,andnewitemsintheiroriginalpackagingcarelesslypurchasedandneverused.It’sevidentthatseeingthestuffonadailybasisremindsmymomofatimewhenshoppingwasherwayofspendingmoney.Ididn’tfullyunderstandtheextenttowhichmymomwassufferinguntilthisweek,whenIsawpilesofclothesonherbed,“Howdoyoumanagetosleepeverynightwithallthatstuff,Mom?”Iasked.Tomyhorror,sherepliedtoitbecauseIknowIhavetogetridofallthisstuffeventually;IampunishingmyselfbysleepingwiththemuntilIdothat.”Shockedandupset,Igentlyexplainedtoherthatpunishingherselfwasonlytomakethingsworse,andthateverybodydeservesaplacetosleepinpeace,nomatterwhatmistakesthey’vemade.Isuggestedshemoveallthestuffupstairs,leavingherroomcomfortabletosleepin.Withpatienceandherslowbutsteadyguidance,Ihelpedhergothroughsomeofthepilesandmovethemupstairs.FortherestoftheweekIstayedthere,shewasinabettermoodandwasexcitedaboutgoing-throughtherestofthehousetofinallygetridofherstuff—pastmistakesandpainfultimes.Theitemsbroughtbackpainfulmemoriesasweinspectedandmovedthem,butIkeptremindingherthatremovingthemwouldallowhertomoveonandheal.Wefinallysoldsomanythingsandtookbagafterbagtocharity.Thestuffisjustasignofthedestructivepatternsofself-hatredonpastmistakes.Onlythroughtheactofself-forgivenesscanwebringaboutachainreactionofreorganizing—bothofthehouseandheart.24．Whatmadetheauthorfeelbitter?A．Shecouldn’tunderstandhermom’ssorrows.B．Hermomwasstuckinthepainfulmemories.C．Hermomwasalwaysleftaloneathome.D．Hermomwastedmoneyonuselessthings,25．Theunderlinedword“that”inthesecondparagraphrefersto________.A．gettingridofthestuff. B．buyingthestuffC．openingthestuff D．movingthestuff26．Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________.A．theauthorneverboughthermomanythingB．theauthor’smomhasnomoneytopurchasenowC．theauthorsmomregretsbuyingsomanythingsD．theauthorknowshermom’ssufferingonlythisweek27．What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．Howtodoshoppingwisely B．Theimportanceofself-forgiveness.C．Keepaneyeontheelderly’sbehavior D．Clearancehelpsremovesuffering【答案】24．B

25．A

26．C

27．D【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。作者的母親對(duì)于以前花錢買了很多沒(méi)用的東西而感到愧疚，并因此而備受折磨。因此，作者建議母親通過(guò)賣掉這些物品和捐給慈善事業(yè)來(lái)擺脫它們。從這件事情作者告訴我們一個(gè)道理：只有通過(guò)自我原諒才能帶來(lái)家和內(nèi)心的重組。24．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句It’sevidentthatseeingthestuffonadailybasisremindsmymomofatimewhenshoppingwasherwayofspendingmoney可知這些物品每天都讓作者的母親想起過(guò)去；及第二段第一句Ididn’tfullyunderstandtheextenttowhichmymomwassufferinguntilthisweek.承接了第一段，描述了作者的母親因這些物品而遭受到了很大的痛苦。因此，母親深陷在痛苦的記憶中讓作者很難受。故選B。25．推理判斷題。作者的母親在上句becauseIknowIhavetogetridofallthisstuffeventually提到會(huì)最終擺脫這些物品，而現(xiàn)在母親讓這些物品時(shí)刻陪著自己是懲罰自己的一種方式。因此that指的是getridofallthisstuff。故選A。26．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段shewasinabettermoodandwasexcitedaboutgoing-throughtherestofthehousetofinallygetridofherstuff—pastmistakesandpainfultimes.一句可知，作者的母親認(rèn)為以前花錢買這么多不用的東西是一大錯(cuò)誤，且上文也提到母親因這些錯(cuò)誤而備受折磨。因此，可得知作者的母親后悔買了這些東西。故選C。27．標(biāo)題判斷題。作者的母親對(duì)于以前花錢買了很多沒(méi)用的東西而感到愧疚，并因此而備受折磨。最終，作者說(shuō)服母親通過(guò)賣掉這些物品或捐給慈善來(lái)擺脫它們，也幫助母親擺脫了精神上的折磨。Clearancehelpsremovesuffering清除（折磨自己的東西）有助于消除痛苦。故答案選D。CAsartificial-intelligenceproductssteadilyimproveatpretendingtobehuman—anAIproducedvoicethatbooksrestaurantreservationsbyphone,forexample,orachatrobotthatanswersconsumers’questionsonline—peoplewillincreasinglybeputintheunsettlingsituationofnotknowingwhethertheyaretalkingtoamachine.Butthetruthmaymakesuchproductslesseffective:recentresearchfindsatrade-offbetweentransparency(透明度)andcooperationinhuman-computerinteractions.Thestudyusedasimplegameinwhichpairedplayersmakeaseriesofdecisionstocooperatewithorbetraytheirpartner.Inthelongrun,itpaysforbothtokeepcooperating—butthereisalwaysthetemptationtobetrayandearnextrapointsshortterm,atthepartner’sexpense.TheresearchersusedanAlalgorithm(算法)that,whenposingasaperson,implementedastrategythatwasbetterthanpeopleareatgettinghumanpartnerstocooperate.Butpreviousworksuggestedpeopletendtodisbelievemachines,sothescientistswonderedwhatwouldhappeniftherobotrevealeditselfassuch.Theteamhopedpeopleplayingwithaknownrobotwouldrecognizeitsabilitytocooperate(withoutbeingapushover)andwouldeventuallygetpasttheirdisbelief.“Sadly,wefailedatthisgoal,”saysTalalRahwan,acomputerscientistatNewYorkUniversityinAbuDhabiandaseniorauthoronthepaper,publishedlastNovemberinNatureMachineIntelligence.“Nomatterwhatthealgorithmdid,peoplejuststucktotheirprejudice.”Arobotplayingopenlyasarobotwaslesslikelytogetcooperationthananotherhuman,eventhoughitsstrategywasclearlymorebeneficialtobothplayers.(Ineachmode,therobotplayed50roundsagainstatleast150individuals.)Inanadditionalexperiment,playersweretold,“Datasuggestthatpeoplearebetteroffiftheytreattherobotasifitwereahuman.”Ithadnoeffect.VirginiaDignum,wholeadstheSocialandEthicalArtificialIntelligencegroupatUmeaUniversityinSwedenandwasnotinvolvedinthestudy,praisestheresearchersforexploringthetransparency-efficacytrade-off,butshewouldliketoseeittestedbeyondthepaper’sparticularsetup.Theauthorssaythatinthepublicfield,peopleshouldbeaskedforagreementtobedeceivedaboutarobot’sidentity.Itcannotbeonaninteraction-byinteractionbasis,orelsethe“deception”obviouslywillnotwork.Butblanketpermissionforoccasionaldeception,evenifitcanbeobtained,stillraisesethicalquandaries(道德困境).Dignumsayshumansshouldhavetheoptiontoknowaftertheyhaveinteractedwitharobot-butifsheiscallingcustomerservicewithasimplequestion,sheadds,“Ijustwanttogetmyanswer.”28．Theword“trade-off”isclosestinmeaningto__________.A．balancing B．combining C．distinction D．a(chǎn)greement29．Accordingtothepassage,whatattitudedopeoplegenerallytaketowardsrobots?A．Highlypositive. B．Casual. C．Stronglyopposed. D．Distrustful.30．Whatcanbeinferredabouttheresearchfindingsfromthepassage?A．Theyfailtosupporttheresearchers’assumption.B．Theywilldrawpeople’sattentiontorobots’problems.C．Theyaredifferentfromthepreviousresearchfindings.D．Theycanexplainwhypeopletreatarobotlikeahuman.31．Accordingtothepassage,whatisVirginiaDignummostlikelytoagreewith?A．TalalRahwan’sresearchfindingscan’tapplytothereal-worldsituations.B．Blanketpermissionforinteractingwitharobotdoesmoreharmthangood.C．Peopleneedn’tbetoldthattheyareinteractingwitharobotonalloccasions.D．Therelationshipbetweentransparencyandefficacyhasbeenfullyexplored.【答案】28．A

29．D

30．A

31．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了隨著人工智能產(chǎn)品在扮演人類角色方面不斷進(jìn)步，人們?cè)絹?lái)越擔(dān)心對(duì)面正和自己交流是否是機(jī)器人，因?yàn)槿藗冇凶约旱钠?jiàn)，不信任機(jī)器人，即使實(shí)驗(yàn)證明機(jī)器人是有好的合作能力的。28．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第二段“TheresearchersusedanAlalgorithm(算法)that,whenposingasaperson,implementedastrategythatwasbetterthanpeopleareatgettinghumanpartnerstocooperate.Butpreviousworksuggestedpeopletendtodisbelievemachines,sothescientistswonderedwhatwouldhappeniftherobotrevealeditselfassuch.（研究人員使用了一種人工智能算法，當(dāng)假扮成一個(gè)人的時(shí)候，實(shí)施了一種比人類更善于讓人類伙伴合作的策略。但是之前的研究表明人們傾向于不相信機(jī)器，所以科學(xué)家們想知道如果機(jī)器人真的這樣暴露出來(lái)會(huì)發(fā)生什么)”可知提到了人們不相信機(jī)器，即使機(jī)器人的策略比人類本身的策略更容易讓合作伙伴合作；根據(jù)文章第三段““Nomatterwhatthealgorithmdid,peoplejuststucktotheirprejudice.”Arobotplayingopenlyasarobotwaslesslikelytogetcooperationthananotherhuman,eventhoughitsstrategywasclearlymorebeneficialtobothplayers.(“不管算法做了什么，人們只是堅(jiān)持自己的偏見(jiàn)?！币粋€(gè)公開(kāi)扮演機(jī)器人的機(jī)器人比人類更不可能獲得合作，盡管它的策略顯然對(duì)雙方都更有利)”可知無(wú)論怎樣做，人們就是不相信機(jī)器人，如果被告知是機(jī)器人的話，他們更不會(huì)選擇機(jī)器人合作了，綜上所述，推知“Butthetruthmaymakesuchproductslesseffective:recentresearchfindsatrade-offbetweentransparency(透明度)andcooperationinhuman-computerinteractions.(但事實(shí)可能會(huì)降低這類產(chǎn)品的效率：最近的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在人機(jī)交流中，透明度和合作之間存在權(quán)衡)”表述的是人們?cè)谂c機(jī)器交流中，應(yīng)該存在透明度和合作之間的平衡，否則，一旦人們知道對(duì)面是機(jī)器人在和他們交流，他們根本不會(huì)相信機(jī)器人，那必然會(huì)導(dǎo)致機(jī)器人的效率低了，所以在透明度和合作之間要有平衡，故推知“trade-off”意思的“平衡”；故選A項(xiàng)。29．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文第二段“Butpreviousworksuggestedpeopletendtodisbelievemachines,sothescientistswonderedwhatwouldhappeniftherobotrevealeditselfassuch.(但是之前的研究表明人們傾向于不相信機(jī)器，所以科學(xué)家們想知道如果機(jī)器人真的這樣暴露出來(lái)會(huì)發(fā)生什么)”和文章第三段“Theteamhopedpeopleplayingwithaknownrobotwouldrecognizeitsabilitytocooperate(withoutbeingapushover)andwouldeventuallygetpasttheirdisbelief.“Sadly,wefailedatthisgoal,”(研究小組希望人們?cè)谂c一個(gè)已知的機(jī)器人玩時(shí)能夠認(rèn)識(shí)到它的合作能力（而不是一個(gè)容易被打敗的機(jī)器人），并最終克服他們的懷疑?！斑z憾的是，我們失敗了”)”可知研究表明人類不相信機(jī)器人，而科學(xué)家希望人類能認(rèn)識(shí)到機(jī)器人的合作能力而最終戰(zhàn)勝對(duì)它們的懷疑，但是失敗了，推知人類對(duì)機(jī)器人的態(tài)度就是抱有懷疑的；故選D項(xiàng)。30．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Butpreviousworksuggestedpeopletendtodisbelievemachines,sothescientistswonderedwhatwouldhappeniftherobotrevealeditselfassuch.(但是之前的研究表明人們傾向于不相信機(jī)器，所以科學(xué)家們想知道如果機(jī)器人真的這樣暴露出來(lái)會(huì)發(fā)生什么)”可知研究表明人類不相信機(jī)器，而科學(xué)家們想知道如果機(jī)器人真的暴露出來(lái)，會(huì)生什么；根據(jù)文章第三段““Nomatterwhatthealgorithmdid,peoplejuststucktotheirprejudice.”Arobotplayingopenlyasarobotwaslesslikelytogetcooperationthananotherhuman,eventhoughitsstrategywasclearlymorebeneficialtobothplayers.(“不管算法做了什么，人們只是堅(jiān)持自己的偏見(jiàn)?！币粋€(gè)公開(kāi)扮演機(jī)器人的機(jī)器人比人類更不可能獲得合作，盡管它的策略顯然對(duì)雙方都更有利?！?”可知不管怎樣做，人們就是不相信機(jī)器人，如果人們被告知是機(jī)器人，更不可能去跟它們合作。由此推知，實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果不支持科學(xué)家們的假設(shè)，故選A項(xiàng)。31．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“praisestheresearchersforexploringthetransparency-efficacytrade-off,butshewouldliketoseeittestedbeyondthepaper’sparticularsetup.(贊揚(yáng)了研究人員探索透明度與效率之間的平衡,，但她希望看到它在論文的特殊設(shè)置之外進(jìn)行測(cè)試)”可知Dignum對(duì)于此項(xiàng)研究是贊同的，而且希望去除實(shí)驗(yàn)特殊設(shè)置；根據(jù)文章最后一段“Theauthorssaythatinthepublicfield,peopleshouldbeaskedforagreementtobedeceivedaboutarobot’sidentity.Itcannotbeonaninteraction-byinteractionbasis,orelsethe“deception”obviouslywillnotwork.Butblanketpermissionforoccasionaldeception,evenifitcanbeobtained,stillraisesethicalquandaries(道德困境).Dignumsayshumansshouldhavetheoptiontoknowaftertheyhaveinteractedwitharobot-butifsheiscallingcustomerservicewithasimplequestion,sheadds,“Ijustwanttogetmyanswer.”(作者說(shuō)，在公共領(lǐng)域，應(yīng)該要求人們同意被欺騙的機(jī)器人的身份。它不能建立在互動(dòng)的基礎(chǔ)上，否則“欺騙”顯然不會(huì)起作用。但是，即使能夠獲得對(duì)偶爾欺騙行為的全面許可，仍然會(huì)引發(fā)道德上的兩難困境。Dignum說(shuō)，人類在與機(jī)器人交流之后應(yīng)該有權(quán)知道答案，但是如果她打電話給客服只是為了問(wèn)一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的問(wèn)題，她補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，“我只是想得到我的答案)”可知此項(xiàng)研究論文的作者認(rèn)為不應(yīng)該事先告知人們機(jī)器人的身份，而Dignum對(duì)于這個(gè)研究是贊揚(yáng)的，即對(duì)論文的作者的觀點(diǎn)是不排斥的，并且認(rèn)為可以去除實(shí)驗(yàn)中的設(shè)置來(lái)驗(yàn)證這個(gè)現(xiàn)象，而且Dignum認(rèn)為人們?cè)谂c機(jī)器交流后應(yīng)該有權(quán)知道答案，而沒(méi)有提及事先告知人們機(jī)器人的身份，故推知Dignum認(rèn)同人們不需要被告知他們?cè)谌魏螆?chǎng)合都在與機(jī)器人互動(dòng)這樣的觀點(diǎn)；故選C項(xiàng)。DChinaisoneofthefirstcountriestobreedamedicalculture.IncomparisonwithWesternmethods,traditionalChinesemedicine(TCM)adoptsavastlydifferentapproach.Forthousandsofyears,Chinesepeoplehaveaccumulatedrichexperienceinfightingallsortsofdiseases,thereforeformingauniquemedicaltheoryundertheguidanceofancientChinesephilosophies(哲學(xué)).ThecorebehindTCMisthatthehumanbody'slifeistheconsequence(結(jié)果)ofthebalancebetweenYinandYang.Yangfunctionstosafeguardusagainstouterharm,andYinistheinnerbasetostoreandprovideenergy.Whenthebalancebetweenthetwoaspectsisdisturbed,peoplefallill.OneofthetraditionaltechniquesofTCM,acupuncture(針刺療法)meansinsertionofneedlesintosuperficial(表面的)structuresofthebody—usuallyatacupoints(穴位)—torestoretheYinYangbalance.Itisoftenaccompaniedbymoxibustion(艾灸療法),whichinvolvesburningmugwortonorneartheskinatanacupoint.ThefirstknowntextthatclearlytalksaboutsomethinglikeacupunctureandmoxibustionasitispracticedtodayisTheYellowEmperor'sInnerCanon.ItistheearliestandmostimportantwrittenworkofTCMandisconsideredthefundamentalandmostrepresentativemedicaltextinChina.Acupunctureandmoxibustionhavearousedtheinterestofinternationalmedicalsciencecircles.AndTCMisgraduallygainingworldwiderecognition.TheWHOissuedadocumentin2002thatappealedtomorethan180countriestoadoptTCMasanalternativeintheirmedicalpolicies.In2010,acupunctureandmoxibustionoftraditionalChinesemedicinewereaddedtotheRepresentativeListoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanitybytheUNESCO.Presently,TCMhasbeenbackinthenewsforitseffectivenessinimprovingthecurerateoftheCOVID-19sinceitsoutbreakinJanuary2020.32．WhatisthekeyfeatureofTCM?A．Itadoptsdifferentmedicalapproaches. B．It'sbasedonancientChinesephilosophies.C．Ithelpstorestorebody'sself-balance. D．It'sgainedexperiencethroughrichpractice.33．WhatcanwelearnaboutTheYellowEmperor'sInnerCanonfromthetext?A．Itdistinguishesacupuncturefrommoxibustion.B．It'safoundationofworldmedicalresearch.C．itstressestheimportanceofusingacupoints.D．ItgreatlycontributestothedevelopmentofTCM.34．Whydoesthewriterwritethistext?A．ToreviewthedevelopmentofTCM. B．TointroduceTCMtotheworld.C．TotellTCMandWesternmedicineapart. D．ToargueforTCMinfightingCOVID-19.35．Whatmightbetalkedaboutintheparagraphfollowingthetext?A．HowTCMhelpsinthecurrentsituation. B．WhyTCMisgainingpopularity.C．WhyTCMgetsrecognitionfromWHO. D．HowothercountriesadoptTCM.【答案】32．C

33．D

34．B

35．A【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了，中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)的中醫(yī)文化，它與西醫(yī)不同，有著獨(dú)特的理論和治療體系，針灸引起了國(guó)際醫(yī)學(xué)界的關(guān)注。32．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段“ThecorebehindTCMisthatthehumanbody'slifeistheconsequence(結(jié)果)ofthebalancebetweenYinandYang.Yangfunctionstosafeguardusagainstouterharm,andYinistheinnerbasetostoreandprovideenergy.Whenthebalancebetweenthetwoaspectsisdisturbed,peoplefallill.”（中醫(yī)學(xué)的核心是人體的生命是陰陽(yáng)平衡的結(jié)果。陽(yáng)的功能是保護(hù)我們免受外界的傷害，而陰是儲(chǔ)存和提供能量的內(nèi)在基礎(chǔ)。當(dāng)這兩方面的平衡被打破時(shí)，人們就會(huì)生病。）和第三段中的“OneofthetraditionaltechniquesofTCM,acupuncture(針刺療法)meansinsertionofneedlesintosuperficial(表面的)structuresofthebody—usuallyatacupoints(穴位)—torestoretheYinYangbalance.”（針灸是中醫(yī)傳統(tǒng)技術(shù)之一，是指將針頭插入身體的淺表結(jié)構(gòu)，通常在穴位處恢復(fù)陰陽(yáng)平衡。），可知身體陰陽(yáng)平衡被打破時(shí)，人們就會(huì)生病，而中醫(yī)（例如針灸）的核心就是通過(guò)中醫(yī)技巧恢復(fù)身體的自我平衡，達(dá)到陰陽(yáng)平衡。故選C項(xiàng)。33．推理判斷題。由第四段“ThefirstknowntextthatclearlytalksaboutsomethinglikeacupunctureandmoxibustionasitispracticedtodayisTheYellowEmperor'sInnerCanon.ItistheearliestandmostimportantwrittenworkofTCMandisconsideredthefundamentalandmostrepresentativemedicaltextinChina.”（已知的第一個(gè)明確提到針灸之類的東西的著作是《黃帝內(nèi)經(jīng)》。它是中醫(yī)學(xué)最早、最重要的著作，被認(rèn)為是我國(guó)最基本、最具代表性的醫(yī)學(xué)著作。），可知《黃帝內(nèi)經(jīng)》是我國(guó)最基本、最具代表性的醫(yī)學(xué)著作，說(shuō)明《黃帝內(nèi)經(jīng)》在中國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)史上占有重要地位，肯定也為后來(lái)中醫(yī)的發(fā)展提供了基礎(chǔ)，為中醫(yī)藥的發(fā)展做出了巨大的貢獻(xiàn)。故選D項(xiàng)。34．推理判斷題。第一段引入“不同于西醫(yī)的中國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)——中醫(yī)學(xué)”，第二段講“中醫(yī)的核心就是通過(guò)中醫(yī)技巧恢復(fù)身體的陰陽(yáng)平衡”，第三段講“中醫(yī)傳統(tǒng)技藝——針灸”，第四段講“為中醫(yī)藥發(fā)展做出了巨大貢獻(xiàn)的著作《黃帝內(nèi)經(jīng)》”，第五段講“針灸已引起國(guó)際醫(yī)學(xué)界的興趣，中醫(yī)藥正逐漸得到世界的認(rèn)可”，可知文章主要向讀者介紹了中醫(yī)，因此作者寫這篇文章的目的是向世界介紹中醫(yī)藥。故選B項(xiàng)。35．推理判斷題。由最后一段中的“Acupunctureandmoxibustionhavearousedtheinterestofinternationalmedicalsciencecircles.TheWHOissuedadocumentin2002thatappealedtomorethan180countriestoadoptTCMasanalternativeintheirmedicalpolicies.”（針灸已引起國(guó)際醫(yī)學(xué)界的興趣。中醫(yī)藥正逐漸得到世界的認(rèn)可。世衛(wèi)組織在2002年發(fā)布了一份文件，呼吁180多個(gè)國(guó)家在其醫(yī)療政策中采用中醫(yī)藥作為替代品。）和“Presently,TCMhasbeenbackinthenewsforitseffectivenessinimprovingthecurerateoftheCOVID-19sinceitsoutbreakinJanuary2020.”（目前，中醫(yī)藥因其在提高COVID-19治愈率方面的有效性而重新成為新聞，自從COVID-19在2020年1月爆發(fā)。），可知中醫(yī)藥的價(jià)值正逐漸得到世界的認(rèn)可，而中醫(yī)藥在提高COVID-19治愈率方面的有效性更佐證了它的價(jià)值，文章接下來(lái)可能就中醫(yī)如何幫助解決目前的情況來(lái)展開(kāi)。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(其5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分1分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Misinformationcanspreadthroughphonetextsandsocialmediaasfastasavirus,sometimesevenfaster.___36___?Herearesomeofthemosteffectivestepstoidentifyandstopit.Checkthesource___37___.Itiswhymisinformationtravelsfastonsocialmedia,whereeveryonesaystheyhearditfromafriendofafriend.Becarefulofsuchhear-saysandrefertosuchreliablesourcesasgovernmentagenciesortrustednewspaperwebsitesbeforeitcanbetakenseriously.Also,becarefulofinformationfromunknownorlittle-knowngroupsornewsorganizations.___38___Anyonesearchingfortrueinformationneedstoactalittlelikeareporter.Rememberthereisadifferencebetweennewsandstories.Newsshouldbesupportedbyevidencetobedependable.___39___.Picturesaresaidtobewortha