BEC中級(jí)第二輯閱讀真題及答案詳解

1thecontactbetweencoachandemployeenotsolvingall

difficultiesatwork

2thediscussionofhowcertainsituationscouldbebetter

handlediftheyoccuragain

3acoachencouraginganemployeetoapplywhathasbeen

taughttoroutineworksituations

4coachingprovidingnewinteresttoindividualswhoare

unhappyintheircurrentpositions

5coachingprovidingasupportiveenvironmenttodiscuss

performance

6employeesbeingaskedtoanalysethemselvesandpractise

greaterself-awareness

7coachingenablingacompanytorespondrapidlytoalackof

expertiseinacertainarea

Coaching

A

Coachinginvolvestwoormorepeoplesittingdowntogetherto

talkthroughissuesthathavecome

uprecentlyatwork,andanalysinghowtheyweremanagedand

howtheymightbedealtwith

moreeffectivelyonsubsequentoccasions.Coachingthus

transfersskillsandinformationfromone

persontoanotherinanon-the-jobsituationsothatthework

experienceofthecoachisusedto

adviseandguidetheindividualbeingcoached.Italsoallows

successesandfailurestobe

evaluatedinanon-threateningatmosphere.

B

Coachingmeansinfluencingthelearner'spersonaldevelopment,

forexamplehisorherconfidence

andambition.Itcantakeplaceanytimeduringanindividual's

career.Coachingisintendedto

assistindividualstofunctionmoreeffectively,anditisa

powerfullearningmodel.Itbeginswhere

skills-basedtrainingends,andhelpsindividualstouseformally

learntknowledgeinday-to-day

workandmanagementsituations.Individualsbeingcoachedare

inademandingsituationwith

theircoach,whichrequiresthemtoconsidertheirown

behaviourandquestiontheirreasonsfor

doingthings.

C

Thecoachprofessionallyassiststhecareerdevelopmentof

anotherindividual,outsidethenormal

manager/subordinaterelationship.Intheory,thecoaching

relationshipshouldprovideanswersto

everyproblem,butinpracticeitfallsshortofthis.However,it

canprovideaspacefordiscussion

andfeedbackontopicssuchaspeoplemanagementandskills,

behaviourpatterns,

confidence-buildingandtimemanagement.Throughcoaching,

anorganisationcanmeetskills

shortages,discusstargetsandindicatehowemployeesshould

dealwithchallengingsituations,all

atshortnotice.

D

Effectivecoachesareusuallythosewhogetsatisfactionfromthe

successofothersandwhogive

timetothecoachingrole.Givingpeoplecoaching

responsibilitiescansupporttheirdevelopment,

eitherbyencouragingmanagementpotentialthroughsmall-scale

one-to-oneassignments,orby

providingaddedjobsatisfactiontomanagerswhofeeltheyare

stuckintheirpresentjobs.Acoach

isalsoaconfidentialadviser,accustomedtodevelopingpositive

andeffectiveapproachesto

complexmanagement,organisationalandchangeproblems.

這篇文章講的是培訓(xùn)（coaching）的作用。培訓(xùn)對(duì)一個(gè)公司

的發(fā)展和員工的成長都是至

關(guān)重要的。文章的內(nèi)容比較泛，但是題目的答案比較明顯。

第一題，教練和員工之間的接觸不能解決工作中的所有困

難。答案是C段的這么一句：

Intheory,thecoachingrelationshipshouldprovideanswersto

everyproblem,butinpracticeit

fallsshortofthis.理論上，培訓(xùn)可以提供所有問題的答案。但

是實(shí)踐中達(dá)不到這樣。Fallshort

of是關(guān)鍵詞。

第二題，討論某些情況如果再度出現(xiàn)的話怎么樣可以處理的

更好。答案是A段的這么

一句：analysinghowtheyweremanagedandhowtheymightbe

dealtwithmoreeffectivelyon

subsequentoccasions.分析應(yīng)該如何進(jìn)行處理并且在接下來的

情況下怎樣可以處理的更有效。

這里的dealtwithmoreeffectively對(duì)應(yīng)于題干中的better

handled,onsubsequentoccasions.也

就是occuragaino

第三題，教練鼓勵(lì)員工將所學(xué)應(yīng)用到日常的工作中。答案是

B段的這么一句：helps

individualstouseformallylearntknowledgeinday-to-daywork

andmanagementsituations.幫助

個(gè)人將學(xué)到的正式知識(shí)用在日常工作和管理情況下。這里的

day-to-dayworkandmanagement

situations就是題干中的routineworksituations,whathasbeen

taught也就是formallylearnt

knowledgeo

第四題，培訓(xùn)為在現(xiàn)有崗位上不高興的個(gè)人提供了新的興

趣。答案是D段的這么一句：

providingaddedjobsatisfactiontomanagerswhofeeltheyare

stuckintheirpresentjobs。對(duì)感覺

自己在現(xiàn)有崗位上受困的經(jīng)理們提供附加的工作滿足感。這

里的stuckintheirpresentjobs就

是題干中的unhappyintheircurrentposition,addedjob

satisfaction可以對(duì)應(yīng)于題干中的new

interesto

第五題，培訓(xùn)提供了一個(gè)有力的、支持性的討論工作表現(xiàn)的

環(huán)境。答案是A段的：Italso

allowssuccessesandfailurestobeevaluatedina

non-threateningatmosphere.它允許成功和失敗

在一個(gè)沒有威脅的氣氛下被評(píng)估。成功和失敗也就是

performance,supportiveenvironment

可以對(duì)應(yīng)于non-threateningatmosphereo

第六題，員工被要求分析他們自己并且培養(yǎng)出更強(qiáng)的自知。

有必要理解下self-awareness

的含義，不能簡單的從中文理解成自我意識(shí)，看英文解釋：

knowledgeandunderstandingof

yourselfo所以答案是B段的這么一句：requiresthemto

considertheirownbehaviourand

questiontheirreasonsfordoingthings.要求他們考慮自己的行

為并且思考這么做的理由。

considertheirownbehaviour可以對(duì)應(yīng)于題干中的analyse

themselves,思考這么做的理由也是

為了進(jìn)一步增進(jìn)對(duì)自己的認(rèn)識(shí)。

第七題，培訓(xùn)可以使得公司對(duì)某個(gè)領(lǐng)域的技術(shù)缺失迅速做出

反應(yīng)。答案是C段的最后

一句：indicatehowemployeesshoulddealwithchallenging

situations,allatshortnotice.指出員

工怎樣處理有挑戰(zhàn)性的情況，在短時(shí)間內(nèi)。Atshortnotice是

一接到通知就，短時(shí)間內(nèi)的意

思，可以對(duì)應(yīng)這一題的respondrapidly,challengingsituations

可以指代題干中的alackof

expertiseinacertainarea.

BUFFETZONE

LucyRobertsonstartedworkingatatakeawayfoodbusinessto

supplementherincomeduringher

studentdaysatEdinburghUniversity,Severalyearslatershe

hadboughtthebusinessandnow,17

yearson,sheownsGrapevineCaterers,probablyScotland's

leadingindependentcaterers,witha

turnoverofalmost￡6m.

Shehadneverplannedtoownabusiness,andhadcertainly

neverconsideredacareerincatering.

(0).........However,herunplannedcareerbeganin1985,when

shereturnedtoEdinburghand

discoveredthatthetakeawayshehadworkedinwasupforsale.

Onimpulse,sheboughtit,but

admitsthatatthetimesheknewnothingaboutcatering.

(8)........Itwasadifficulttime,but

essentialintermsofgainingtheexperiencesheneeded.Thelate

1980sboomwasgoodfor

business,withlargenumbersofofficeworkerswanting

takeawayfoodfortheirlunches.

(9)........'Atonepointtherewere26foodoutletswithina

5-kilometreradius,'Robertsonrecalls.As

theeconomychangedandtheoncepackedofficeblocksstarted

tobecomevacant,itbecameclear

thatRobertsonwouldneedtodiversify.(10)......Itchangedthe

directionofthecompanyforgood.

AsRobertsonbegantowincateringcontracts,shedecidedthat

thecompanywouldhavetomove

tolargerpremises.In1994,themovewasmadewhenshe

boughtanothercateringbusinessthat

alreadyhadanumberofprofitablecontractsforboardroom

lunches.

Meanwhile,Robertson'smaincompetitor,theoldestcatering

companyinEdinburgh,wascausing

hersomeanxiety.'Customerloyaltyisnottobeunderestimated,,

shewarns.ButRobertsonisnot

someonewhoiseasilyputoff.(ll).......Partlyasaresultofthis,

turnoverdoubled,andhaving

outgrownanothersite,Robertsonboughtacity-centrelocation

forthegroup'sheadquarters.

Bynow,Grapevine'smaincompetitorwasanewcatering

companycalledTowngates.Although

RobertsontriedtoraiseenoughmoneytobuyTowngates,she

didnotsucceed.Thenluck

intervenedandTowngateswentbankrupt.(12).......Many

acceptedandthecompany'sturnover

wentfrom￡700,000to￡1.5millionalmostovernight.

However,thecompany'