高考英語北師大版一輪單元復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案BOOK8Unit23《Conflict》

話題詞匯1．quarrelv．&n．吵架，爭(zhēng)論2．a(chǎn)voidv．避開，避免3．harmoniousadj.和諧的4．forgivev．原諒5．communicatev．交流6．considerateadj.考慮周到的7．keepcalm保持冷靜8．putupwith忍受，容忍9．getalongwellwith...和……相處得很好10．conflictwith沖突，與……抵觸經(jīng)典語篇(2012·江蘇)生活中沖突時(shí)有發(fā)生。假設(shè)你班同學(xué)蘇華和李江打籃球時(shí)發(fā)生爭(zhēng)執(zhí)，導(dǎo)致關(guān)系緊張。請(qǐng)你結(jié)合此事，并根據(jù)以下提示，用英語寫一篇短文，向?qū)W校英文報(bào)“HappyTeens”專欄投稿。簡(jiǎn)要描述事情的經(jīng)過打籃球、碰撞、爭(zhēng)執(zhí)，等等分析發(fā)生沖突的原因2.……談?wù)劚苊鉀_突的做法(請(qǐng)考生根據(jù)自己的經(jīng)歷或感想，提出至少兩種做法)注意：1.對(duì)所有要點(diǎn)逐一陳述，適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，不要簡(jiǎn)單翻譯；2．詞數(shù)150左右。佳作欣賞Conflictswithothersarecommonineverydaylife.Duringthebasketballgameyesterdayafternoon，SuHuaandLiJiangbumpedintoeachother，tryingtocatchtheball.Thentheystartedshoutingandyelling，anditturnedintoahorriblequarrel.①Tobehonest，itwasSu’sfault，butLiwasalsotoblame—theywerenotcalmenoughandbothsaidsomereallymeanthings.Theycaredtoomuchaboutwinningandlosing.Asamatteroffact，blocking，pushingandbumpingarejustpartofatoughgame.②Toavoidsuchconflicts，weshouldbekindtooneanother，whichisessentialtoenjoyaharmoniouslife.③Itisalsoavirtuetoforgiveandforget，especiallyinsuchacompetitiveandstressfulsociety.Insteadofblamingeachother，weshouldcommunicatemoreandputourselvesinothers’place.④Don’tbeself-centredandtrytobeconsiderate.Wemustlearntohandleconflictscalmlyandwisely.思維發(fā)散1．把第①句改為復(fù)合句Thentheystartedshoutingandyelling，whichturnedintoahorriblequarrel.2．用asamatteroffact的同義短語(單詞)改寫第②句Infact/Actually/Inreality，blocking，pushingandbumpingarejustpartofatoughgame.3．用soasto改寫第③句Weshouldbekindtooneanothersoastoavoidsuchconflicts，whichisessentialtoenjoyaharmoniouslife.4．用ratherthan改寫第④句Weshouldcommunicatemoreandputourselvesinothers’placeratherthanblameeachother.Ⅰ.重點(diǎn)單詞A．寫作單詞1．justice(n.)公正，正義2．racial(adj.)種族之間的race(n.)種族；比賽；競(jìng)爭(zhēng)3．expose(vt.)使置身于危險(xiǎn)中；暴露4．classify(vt.)把……分類；歸類5．a(chǎn)ppoint(vt.)任命，委任appointment(n.)任命，委任；約定；約會(huì)；預(yù)約6．possession(n.)私有物品possess(vt.)擁有7．shoot(vt.&vi.)射擊shot(n.)射擊，開槍8．greet(vt.)問候，致意greeting(n.)問候，致意9．strengthen(vt.)(使)變強(qiáng)，加強(qiáng)strength(n.)力量strong(adj.)強(qiáng)壯的10．intend(vt.)想要，打算intention(n.)意圖，打算11．expense(n.)費(fèi)用，開支expensive(adj.)昂貴的B．閱讀單詞12．betray(vt.)出賣，背叛13．friction(n.)不和，沖突14．compromise(n.&v.)妥協(xié)，讓步15．prejudice(n.)偏見；成見16．furnished(adj.)配有家具的furnish(v.)在(房屋等)布置家具；提供17．departure(n.)離開，離去18．subscribe(to)(vi.)訂閱(雜志或報(bào)紙)19．union(n.)聯(lián)合會(huì)，工會(huì)unite(v.)聯(lián)合united(adj.)聯(lián)合的20．a(chǎn)llowance(n.)零用錢；津貼21．contradict(vt.)反駁，糾正22．security(n.)安全secure(adj.)安全的23．unconscious(adj.)失去知覺的24．representative(n.)代表represent(vt.)代表25．remark(vt.)說起，談到26．distribute(vt.)分發(fā)，分配distribution(n.)分配；分布27．consume(vt.)喝；消費(fèi)，消耗consumer(n.)消費(fèi)者28．salute(vt.)向……致敬29．swear(vi.)發(fā)誓30．a(chǎn)cquaintance(n.)相識(shí)的人31．sponsor(vt.)贊助32．liberation(n.)解放liberate(v.)解放33．ending(n.)結(jié)尾，結(jié)局34．handful(n.)少數(shù)，一些Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)短語1．handover把……交給2．bid...goodbyeto向……告別3．beexposedto處于可能受傷害的境地4．inaflash瞬間，即刻5．standupfor保護(hù)，維護(hù)6．talksth.overwithsb.與……詳細(xì)討論……7．putforward提議，提出8．fromthenon從那時(shí)起，以后9．givein讓步，屈服10．sendfor派人去叫……11．callin請(qǐng)(某人)12．haveagiftfor有……的天賦13．keepoff減去14．holdout(在困境中)堅(jiān)持15．byandby不久以后16．callon要求……介入17．lookdownon看不起18．keepone’sword遵守諾言19．comeabout發(fā)生20．insurprise吃驚地，驚奇地21．inpeace和平地22．themore...themore...越……就越……23．joinup參軍24．ropeoff用繩子圍起(隔開)25．bringsth.onsb.給某人招來(不愉快的)事情26．lookinto調(diào)查27．sortout解決(問題或困難)Ⅲ.經(jīng)典句式1．Hadtheyknowntheirneighbourwasadrummer，theywouldn’thavemovedintothebuilding.要是早知道他們的鄰居是一位鼓手，他們就不會(huì)搬進(jìn)這座大樓。2．Nosoonerhadtheymovedinthanthenoisebeganandrarelydidtheygetafullnight’ssleep.他們剛一搬進(jìn)去噪音就開始了，而且他們幾乎沒有睡過一個(gè)囫圇覺。3．SmithlivesabovetheMcKaysanditappearsthatnotonlyisheakeengardener，heisalsoafishcollector.史密斯住在麥凱一家人的樓上，看起來他不僅熱衷于園藝，還是個(gè)魚類收藏家。4．UnlessIreceiveapositivereplywithinthenextthreeweeks，Iintendtotakefurtheraction.如果在接下來的三周之內(nèi)我得不到令人滿意的答復(fù)，我將采取進(jìn)一步的行動(dòng)。5．Neithercouldtheyrelaxorreadabookwithoutpluggingtheirears.不塞住他們的耳朵，他們既不能放松，也不能讀書。Ⅳ.課文語法填空DrummerhitstheroadYangMing,1.adrummerandbachelor，heldpartieseverynight,2.whichhascausedmanycomplaintsfromhisneighboursaboutlossofsleep.Theysaytheywerebeingdrivenmadbeingexposedtosuchnoise.Sincethey3.moved(move)intothebuilding，theyhaverarelygotafullnight’ssleep.Theyevencouldn’angMinghadtoleavehisfurnishedapartment.Hisdeparturehasmadehisneighbours’lifereturn4.tonormal.GrandpajailedafteroneshowertoomanySmith，akeengardenerandfishcollector，livesabovetheMckays.5.Unluckily(luck)，thewaterhesentoverhisbalconyeverydaydroppedontheMckays’，ortoooften，ontheMckays6.themselves.Itwasnotsomuchthewaterfallingontotheirbalcony7.butthewayhecleanedhisfishtanks8.thatbotheredthem.Theyweresittingtherehappily9.reading(read)theirnewspaperswhensomuchwaterwouldcomefromabovesothattheygotwetallover.OnSaturdayevening，whenitwasJames’eightiethbirthday，SmithemptiedonelargertankandboththeMckaysandthecakewerewetthrough.James，whoisusuallyapeacefulperson，couldn’ttolerateitanymore.HewasupthereinaflashandhitSmithontheheadwithhiswalkingstick.Asaresult，JamesspentSaturdaynightinjailbuthesaiditwasdefinitely10.themostexciting(exciting)birthdayever.1exposev.使置身于危險(xiǎn)中；暴露；揭露；使曝光應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)]非謂語動(dòng)詞句法功能的考查expose...to使顯露；暴露beexposedto暴露于；經(jīng)受……exposesth./sb./oneselfto...使某物/某人/自己暴露于……(1)Theyhavenotbeenexposedtomostdiseasescommontourbanpopulations.城市人口中多數(shù)常見的疾病他們都沒有接觸到。(2)Theseunitsexposedchildrentomanyviewpointsofagivenissue.這些單元讓孩子們接觸到有關(guān)某一特定問題的多種觀點(diǎn)。多維訓(xùn)練(1)同義詞語替換Thenewspaperexposedhissecrettothepublic.letout/gaveaway(2)同義句改寫①Beingexposedtothesunlightfortoolongwillbeharmfultoyourskin.a．Exposingyourselftothesunlightfortoolongwillbeharmfultoyourskin.(用v.-ing的主動(dòng)形式作主語改寫)b．Ifexposedtothesunlightfortoolong，youwillgetyourskinharmed.(用if省略句改寫)②Hewasexposedtotherainandwindlastnightandhewasill.(用過去分詞短語作原因狀語改寫)Exposedtotherainandwindlastnight，hewasill.2classifyvt.編排；把……分類；歸類……劃分…………分為……classifysth.as...把某事物歸類為……(1)Itisnecessaryinitiallytoclassifytheheadachesintocertaintypes.首先，必須將頭痛分為幾個(gè)類型。(2)Thesecowsarenowclassifiedasararebreed.這些奶?，F(xiàn)在被歸為稀有動(dòng)物。多維訓(xùn)練單句語法填空(1)Onlyelevenoftheseaccidentswereclassifiedasmajor.(2)Ourclasswasthenclassifiedintofourgroups.(3)Inthestudyfamiliesareclassifiedbytheirincome.3possessionn.個(gè)人財(cái)產(chǎn)，私有物品；擁有，具有應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)]beinpossessionof作為高級(jí)詞匯替換own，belongto1beinpossessionof擁有……主語為人,beinthepossessionof某物被某人所擁有,comeintoone’spossession為某人所擁有take/comeintopossessionof占有；擁有2bepossessedof＝possessoneselfof具有；擁有)(1)Whenherfatherdied，shecameintopossessionofalargefortune.她父親去世時(shí)，她繼承了一大筆財(cái)產(chǎn)。(2)Wetookpossessionoftheenemy’sstronghold.我們占領(lǐng)了敵人的要塞。(3)Hisfamilywaspossessedofalargefortune.他家擁有大筆財(cái)富。多維訓(xùn)練同義句改寫Heisinpossessionofthecompany.(1)Thecompanyisinthepossessionofhim.(用thecompany作主語改寫)(2)Heispossessedofthecompany.(用possess短語改寫)(3)Hepossessesthecompany.(用possessv．改寫)4remarkn.談?wù)?；言論；評(píng)述；v.評(píng)論；談?wù)?；說起，談到多詞一義]remarkable，distinguished，excellent，brilliant1makearemark/remarkson/over/about就……發(fā)表意見2remarkon/upon對(duì)……進(jìn)行評(píng)論remarkthat...說……；談到……(1)IremarkedthatIwouldgoshoppingthatafternoon.我說過我那天下午要去購(gòu)物。(2)ShehasmadeoutspokenremarksaboutthelegalizationofcannabisinBritain.她對(duì)英國(guó)關(guān)于大麻的立法進(jìn)行了大膽評(píng)論。多維訓(xùn)練(1)單句語法填空①AnnagotreallyangrybyJack’sruderemarksabout/on/overherfigure.②It’sbadmannerstoremark(remark)onothers.③Ellenlaterregrettedherremarks(remark)abouthisprivateaffairs.(2)同義句改寫Don’tremarkonherappearancerudely.(用remark的名詞短語改寫)Don’tmakeruderemarksonherappearance.(3)翻譯句子她父親說該走了。(remarkv．)Herfatherremarkedthatitwastimetoleave.5distributevt.分發(fā)deliver；分配share多詞一義]distribute，handout，spread，divide，deliver1發(fā)給某人……2distributionn.分配；配給；分送；分布區(qū)域(1)Textbooksaredistributedfreeofcharge.教科書是免費(fèi)發(fā)放的。(2)Inthemovemostofthefurniturewaslefttotheneighborsordistributedamongfriends.大部分家具在搬家的時(shí)候都留給了鄰居或送了朋友。多維訓(xùn)練(1)單句語法填空①Pleasedistributethesepicturesamong/tothechildren.②Pineshaveaverywidedistribution(distribute)．③TheRedCrosshasstarteddistributing(distribute)foodandblanketstovillagesinthefloodarea.(2)完成句子①Butitswealthwasdistributedunfairlyamongthepopulation.但是它的財(cái)富卻在人口中分配不公。②ThiskindofplantiswidelydistributedthroughoutChina.這種植物在中國(guó)有廣泛的分布。6intendvt.打算；計(jì)劃plan；想要want；意指meanintendtodo/doingsth.打算、意圖做某事beintendedfor/todo...旨在，預(yù)定……用途；為……打算的hadintendedtodo...＝intendedtohavedone...本打算做……(1)Heintendstostudy/studyingabroadnextyear.他打算明年去國(guó)外留學(xué)。(2)Iintendyoutocomewithme.我想讓你跟我一塊去。(3)Thisbookisintendedforchildren.這本書是供孩子們用的。多維訓(xùn)練同義句改寫(1)Theyintendedthattheplanshouldbeputintopracticewithinthisyear.(改為簡(jiǎn)單句)Theyintendedtheplantobeputintopracticewithinthisyear.(2)Peterhadintendedtotakeajobinbusiness，butabandonedthatplanaftertheunpleasantexperienceinCanadain2010.(用不定式的完成式改寫)Peterintendedtohavetakenajobinbusiness，butabandonedthatplanaftertheunpleasantexperienceinCanadain2010.(3)Thegreenmapisintendedfortravelers，soitsellswell.(用過去分詞短語作狀語改寫)Intendedfortravelers，thegreenmapsellswell.7expensen.費(fèi)用charge；cost；價(jià)錢；花錢的東西；開銷，開支attheexpenseof以……為代價(jià)atone’sexpense由某人付費(fèi)，由某人負(fù)擔(dān)費(fèi)用sparenoexpense不惜代價(jià)；不惜費(fèi)用(1)Takingthehotelexpensesintoaccount，athree-dayvisittoXiamenwillcostatleast1,000yuan.如果把住旅館的開支算進(jìn)去，廈門三日游起碼要花1000元。(2)Weweretakenoutforamealatthecompany’sexpense.公司出錢請(qǐng)我們外出就餐。多維訓(xùn)練(1)Hisparentssparenoexpenseforhisgoingabroad.他的父母為他出國(guó)不惜一切代價(jià)。(2)Hebuiltupthebusinessattheexpenseofhishealth.他以自己的健康為代價(jià)逐步建立起這個(gè)企業(yè)。8putforward提議，提出suggest；拿出；推薦recommend；將……提前多詞一義]putforward，comeupwith，raiseputaway將……收起；把……放回原處；積蓄putaside忽視；不理睬；儲(chǔ)存putoff延期,putout撲滅putin放入；把……寫進(jìn)信函、故事等(1)MayIputyournameforwardasapossiblechairmanofthecommittee?我可否提名你為該委員會(huì)主席的人選？(2)Putasidethisquestionforamoment.這個(gè)問題先撇開不談。多維訓(xùn)練(1)寫出下列句子中putforward的漢語意思①Putyourwatchforward；it’sfiveminutesslow.撥快②Ithinkheisfitfortheposition；therefore，I’llputhimforwardasacandidate.推薦③Theyhaveputforwardthedateoftheirweddingbyoneweek.提前④Overtheyearsseveralsimilartheorieshavebeenputforward.提出(2)短語填空putaway，putoff，putaside，putout，putforward①Farwaterdoesn’tputoutnearfire.②EncouragechildrentoputasidesomeoftheirpocketmoneytobuyChristmaspresents.③TheassociationhasputtheeventoffuntilOctober.④Herbedwasneatlymade，herclothesputaway.⑤ClassThreehasputforwardareasonableproposal.9subscribeto同意；贊成；捐助；訂閱雜志或報(bào)紙1……,2subscribern.雜志等訂購(gòu)者，訂閱者；手機(jī)、電話等用戶；捐助者，資助者(1)Areyougoingtosubscribetotheoperathisseason?你要訂購(gòu)這一季的歌劇票嗎？(2)Thesubscriberyoudialedispoweredoff.您撥打的用戶已關(guān)機(jī)。多維訓(xùn)練寫出下列句子中subscribeto的漢語意思(1)Ihavesubscribedforthenewdictionary.訂購(gòu)(2)Howmuchdidyousubscribetothedisasterfund？捐助(3)Doyousubscribetoherpessimisticviewofthestateoftheeconomy？同意10lookinto調(diào)查；觀察lookupto尊敬；仰視lookthrough瀏覽；仔細(xì)查看lookdownon/upon蔑視；輕視；瞧不起lookoutfor注意；留神(1)Aworkingpartyhasbeensetuptolookintotheproblem.已成立一個(gè)工作小組來調(diào)查這個(gè)問題。(2)Nowonderalienslookdownonus!外星人瞧不起我們并不奇怪！多維訓(xùn)練短語填空lookinto，lookthrough，lookupto，lookoutfor(1)You’reapopulargirl，Grace，andalotoftheyoungeroneslookuptoyou.(2)HehappenedtobelookingthroughthemedicalbookGray’sAnatomyatthetime.(3)Lookoutforthieveswhenyoustaythere.(4)Itshouldalsolookintothepossibilitiesofwind-generatedelectricity.11betrayvt.出賣；泄露；背叛；顯露出本來面目多維訓(xùn)練(1)Inwartimemanypeoplebetrayingtheircountry(背叛他們的國(guó)家)wereexecuted.(2)Whydidhebetrayhisbelief(背叛他的信仰)?(3)Ifeelbetrayed(感覺被出賣了)bymyfriend，Hannah.12compromisen.妥協(xié)，讓步；vi.妥協(xié)，讓步多維訓(xùn)練(1)Encourageyourchildtoreach/cometo/arriveatacompromisebetweenwhathewantsandwhatyouwant.鼓勵(lì)孩子在他的愿望和你的愿望之間找到一個(gè)折中點(diǎn)。(2)Ifweareallwillingtomakeacompromisewitheachotherwhenweareindispute，quarrelsandconflictswillbeavoidedandwewillsurelyliveinpeace.我們存在爭(zhēng)議時(shí)，如果雙方都愿意作出讓步，吵架和沖突就會(huì)避免，我們就能和睦相處。(3)Mostimportantofall，itisalwayswisetomakedecisionsbycompromiseandagreement.最重要的是，通過相互妥協(xié)、相互協(xié)商來作決定總是明智的。13acquaintancen.相識(shí)的人；泛泛之交；熟人apersononeknowsbutnotaclosefriend；對(duì)某事物的了解knowledgeof多維訓(xùn)練同義句改寫(1)I’vebeenacquaintedwiththeircustoms.(用含有反身代詞的短語改寫)Ihaveacquaintedmyselfwiththeircustoms.(2)Wemadetheacquaintanceofhimfouryearsago.(用beacquaintedwith改寫)Wehavebeenacquaintedwithhimsincefouryearsago.14handfuln.少數(shù)，一些多維訓(xùn)練單句語法填空(1)Hewantedtoexchangeahandfulofricefortwohandfuls(handful)ofwheat.(2)Thereare(be)onlyahandfulofbirdsinthecage，soahandfulofriceis’senough.15handover把……移交；交出多維訓(xùn)練短語填空handout，onhand，handover，handdown(1)Iwouldn’tdarehandthisprojectovertoanyoneelse.(2)Wehaveplentyofbreadonhandsowecanmakesandwiches.(3)Hehandedoutthebookstoeveryoneintheclass.(4)Thisrecipehasbeenhandeddownthroughgenerations.16callon要求……介入；拜訪某人；號(hào)召；請(qǐng)求多維訓(xùn)練短語填空callon，calloff，callup，callfor(1)Thepicnicwascalledoffbecauseoftherain.(2)Let’sstopoffandcallonTimandhisfamily.(3)ThesepicturescallupmemoriesofthosebeautifuldayswhentheystayedinHainanduringthesummerholiday.(4)Theworriedmotherpostedtheletterofaskingforhelponline，callingforkindnetizenstohelpherfindhermissingson.17keepone’sword守信用；遵守諾言多維訓(xùn)練(1)選詞填空eat，have，break，get①Thelittleboylistenedtotheolderstudentsandfinallygotinaword.②Isaidthatmywifewouldneverpassherdrivingtest，andwhenshedidshemademeeatmywords.③Hebrokehiswordanddidnotrepaytheloan.④Whydidyouhavewordswithherlastnight?(2)根據(jù)提示語填空TheotherdayTomhadwordswith(和……吵架)JimbecauseJimbrokehisword(違背諾言)，whichmadeTomveryangry.Hearingthis，IadvisedJimtohaveawordwith(和……交談)Tomandpromisetokeephisword(守信用)later.18comeabout發(fā)生；產(chǎn)生；改變方向多維訓(xùn)練(1)單句語法填空①—Whatoneartharethepolicebusywith?—Theyhavebeenlookingintohowtheplanecrashcameabout.②Howdoesitcomeaboutthatyouwerecaughtbythepolice?(2)短語填空comeupwith，comeacross，whenitcomesto①Themeaningofthiswordwillcomeacrosstoyousoonerorlater.②Whenitcomestodietandexercise，weknowwhattodo，butwedon’tdowhatweknow.③Tosomeextent，whatyoucameupwithispractical.19Nosoonerhadtheymovedinthanthenoisebeganandrarelydidtheygetafullnight’ssleep.他們剛一搬進(jìn)去噪音就開始了，而且他們幾乎沒有睡過一個(gè)囫圇覺。句型公式：nosooner...than...(1)nosooner...than...表示“一……就……；剛……就……”，主句常用過去完成時(shí)，than從句中常用一般過去時(shí)。當(dāng)nosooner位于句首時(shí)，主句用部分倒裝。(2)類似句型：hardly/scarcely...when...意思是“一……就……；剛……就……”，主句常用過去完成時(shí)，when引導(dǎo)的從句常用一般過去時(shí)。當(dāng)hardly/scarcely位于句首時(shí)，主句用部分倒裝。(1)Hehadnosoonerfinishedhisspeechthanthestudentsstartedcheering.他剛演講完，同學(xué)們就開始喝起彩來。(2)NosoonerhadIleftmyhousethanitbegantorain.我剛離開家就下雨了。多維訓(xùn)練(1)同義句改寫Nosoonerhadhereturnedhomethanhecalledmeandaskedaboutmywork.①Hehadnosoonerreturnedhomethanhecalledmeandaskedaboutmywork.(用陳述語序改寫)②Hardlyhadhereturnedhomewhenhecalledmeandaskedaboutmywork.(用hardly...when...倒裝句改寫)③Hecalledmeandaskedaboutmyworkassoonashereturnedhome.(用assoonas改寫)(2)單句改錯(cuò)Hewasscarcelyawakethanheheardtheknockatthedoor.than→when20．..butitisthefactthatpeoplehaveclassifiedhismusicas“noise”thatupsetshimmost.……但是，人們把他的音樂歸類為“噪音”的事實(shí)使他最心煩。句型公式：Itis/was...that...強(qiáng)調(diào)句型(1)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：Itis/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who＋其他部分(若被強(qiáng)調(diào)的是人，可用that或who；若被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是其他時(shí)，一律用that)。另外要注意：本句型不能用于強(qiáng)調(diào)原句的謂語動(dòng)詞。(2)強(qiáng)調(diào)句的一般疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)為：Is/Wasit＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who...?(3)強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)為：特殊疑問詞＋is/wasit＋that...?(4)對(duì)not...until...句型中的時(shí)間狀語(從句)進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)為：Itis/wasnotuntil＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that＋其他部分。(1)Inaword，itispolitewordsthatwillmakeyourlifebecomeconvenient.總之，禮貌用語會(huì)使你的生活更方便。(2)Itwasnotuntiltheareawasseriouslypollutedthattheyrealizedthatitwashightimetotakeactiontostoppollution.直到這個(gè)地方被嚴(yán)重污染了他們才認(rèn)識(shí)到該采取行動(dòng)阻止污染了。多維訓(xùn)練(1)單句語法填空Itistheabilitytodothejobthatmattersnotwhereyoucomefromorwhatyouare.(2)用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型強(qiáng)調(diào)下列句中的劃線部分①Ididn’tleaveuntilhecame.ItwasnotuntilhecamethatIleft.②Whodoesthisplacebelongto?Whoisitthatthisplacebelongsto?③Iwonderwhatyouweredoingatthistimeyesterday.Iwonderwhatitwasthatyouweredoingatthistimeyesterday.④Hecametoseeusyesterday.Itwasyesterdaythathecametoseeus.——同義句改寫(1)Tomoftencomestoschoollate.ItisTomwhooftencomestoschoollate.(2)Ihaveneverseenhimrecently.NeverhaveIseenhimrecently.(3)Youarenotgoingoutuntilyou’vefinishedyourhomework.Itisnotuntilyou’vefinishedyourhomeworkthatyouaregoingout.(4)Afterhefinishedhiswork，hewentout.Havingfinishedhiswork，hewentout.(5)Hehadhardlygoneoutwhenthetelephonerang.Hardlyhadhegoneoutwhenthetelephonerang.Ⅰ.語境填詞1．Whentheinspectorextendedhishandtogreet(問候)Glenn’smother，heslippedonthefreshlyoiledsurface.(·湖南)2．AmieSalmon，disabled，isattendedthroughoutherschooldaysbyanurseappointed(委派)toguardher.(2014·浙江)3．Secondly，suchaninclusionmaygiverisetoprejudices(偏見)oftheeducatedagainstthosewithlittleknowledgeofEnglish.(2014·江蘇)4．It’sstandardpracticeforacompanylikethisonetoemployasecurity(安全)officer.(2014·山東)5．Theauthormanagedtogettheboytotalktoherbyavoidingmakingcriticalremarks(言辭)．(2014·湖北)Ⅱ.單句語法填空1．Inthisway，everyonewillliveinpeace.(2014·湖南)2．Hisstudyshowsthatwhenrobinsareexposedtolightatnightinthelab，itleadstosomegenesbeingactiveatthewrongtimeofday.(·四川)3．Amongsalesrepresentatives(representative)foralargeAmericancarmanufacturer，thosewhoweremostconscientioushadthelargestvolumeofsales.(2013·江蘇)4．Theresultisthatwethrowawayusefulpossessions(possess)tomakeroomfornewones.(·安徽)5．Theadvertisementisintendedforstudentsofallages.(·福建)6．Researchfindingshaveshownthatabout20percentofpeoplecanbeclassifiedas“nightowls”andonly10percentcanbeclassifiedas“earlybirds”．(2014·四川)7．Theuniversityestimatesthatlivingexpensesforinternationalstudentsare(be)around8,450ayear，whichis(be)aburdenforsomeofthem.(2013·湖南)8．Twain’smysterynovelPudd’nheadWilsonstoodasachallengetotheracial(race)beliefsofevenmanyoftheliberalsofhisday.(2013·江蘇)9．SometimesI’dgetconfusedandtakeashotatthewrongdirection—whichmademefeelreallystupid.(2011·北京)10．Thefurniture，withitsmodernstyleandbrightcolors，suits(suit)modernhousesandtheirgardens，butlooksoutofplaceinthegardenofatraditionalhome.(2012·湖北)Ⅲ.短語填空eq\x(handover，beexposedto，putforward，fromthenon，givein，haveagiftfor，callon，lookdownupon)1．Cleanershavetogetupearlyinthemorningandworkoutsidealltheday.Besides，theyareoftenlookeddownupon.(2013·廣東)2．Withinashorttime，however，theburdenofcaringfortheanimalishandedovertotheparents.(2014·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅰ)3．Themorebirdsareexposedtolight，themoreactivetheyareatnight.(·四川)4．ItendtoacceptanyideaputforwardbyexpertsonTV.(2012·湖北)5．ThestoriesofhisunconventionalideasandtheexceptionalpatientshewroteaboutweresoamazingtomeandhadsuchabigimpactonhowIsawlifefromthenon.(·江蘇)6．Shewouldscreamandkickandlieonthefloordrummingherheels.Herparentsalwaysgavein.(2013·江西)7．Theycallonpeopleandthegovernmenttotakemeasurestofightagainstit.(2013·天津)8．Hehasagiftfordrawingpictures.Ⅳ.完成句子1．Withouthiswartimeexperiences，Hemingwaywouldn’thavewrittenhisfamousnovelAFarewelltoArms.要是沒有戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)時(shí)的經(jīng)歷，海明威就不會(huì)寫出他的著名小說《永別了，武器》。(·重慶)2．Hadhecaughtthemorningtrain，hewouldnothavebeenlateforthemeeting.(用倒裝句)如果他們趕上了上午的火車的話，他們也不會(huì)開會(huì)遲到了。(2014·天津)3．NosoonerhadMoYansteppedonthestagethantheaudiencebrokeintothunderousapplause.莫言一走上主席臺(tái)，觀眾就爆發(fā)了雷鳴般的掌聲。(2014·陜西)4.Notonlyareyoufunny，butalsoyouarewitty.你不僅風(fēng)趣而且機(jī)智。寫作素材(關(guān)于種族偏見)1．那時(shí)候種族偏見在那個(gè)國(guó)家很嚴(yán)重。2．自從他被任命為國(guó)務(wù)大臣后，這位政治家就主張種族平等，堅(jiān)持社會(huì)公平正義。3．他經(jīng)常受到對(duì)手的批判，但他始終不妥協(xié)。4．他號(hào)召人們和諧相處。5．他因而贏得了廣泛的贊譽(yù)。提示：黑體部分用本單元詞匯表達(dá)，并且請(qǐng)使用which引導(dǎo)的定語從句，although引導(dǎo)的狀語從句。連句成篇(將以上句子連成一篇60詞左右的英語短文)Atthattime，racialprejudicewasveryseriousinthatcountry.SincehewasappointedastheMinisterofState，thisstatesmanhasadvocatedracialequality，upholdingthesocialfairnessandjustice.Althoughheiscriticisedfrequentlybyopponents，hehasnevermadeacompromise.Hecallsonpeopletoliveinharmony，whichhaswonwidespreadpraise.Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(建議用時(shí)8′)In1932thewarningoftheBritishpolitician，StanleyBaldwin，that“thebomberwillalwaysgetthrough”madeadeepimpressioninBritain，theonlystatetomakeseriousplanstoevacuate(疏散)civiliansfromlargetownsbeforethewarstarted.TheBritishGovernmentdevelopedplansforevacuating1millionchildrentotheUnitedStatesandCanadaandotherCommonwealthnations.ItestablishedtheChildren’sOverseasReceptionBoard(CORB)inMay1940.AfterthefallofFrance，manypeoplethoughtthewarwaslostandsomesawthisasonewayofensuringthatBritaincouldsurviveevenifinvaded.TheGermanseventuallybeganbombingBritishcitiesinSeptember.SomechildrenwereevacuatedbyshiptoBritishDominions，includingAustralia，Canada，NewZealand，andSouthAfrica.TheCORBselectionswerenotdoneonafirst-come，first-servedbasis.CORBclassifiedandprioritizedthechildren.Chargessoonappearedinthepressthatthewell-to-dowerebeinggivenpriority.CORBarrangedforthetransportation.TheGovernmentpaidthepassages.Quiteanumberofchildrenhadalreadybeenevacuated.Thistendedtobechildrenfromrichfamilieswithmoneyandoverseascontacts.TheBritishpubliceventuallydemandedthegovernmentpaysothatlessprivilegedchildrenwerealsoeligible.WorldWarⅡoccurredbeforethebeginningoftrans-Atlanticairtravel.LinerswereusedtotransportthechildrenandthisprovedtobedangerousbecausetheU-boatsquicklyemergedasthegreatestthreat.AndthisputtheevacueechildrentryingtocrosstheAtlantictosafetyindanger.Twoshipscarryingchildevacueesweretorpedoed(破壞)in1940.OnewastheDutchlinerVolendamwith320childrenonAugust30.Thecrewmanagedtogetthelifeboatsoffandsavedthechildren.TheywerereturnedtoGlasgow.TheotherwastheCityofBenares，anoceanlinerwith200Britishandforeigncivilianpassengersand93Britishchildrenwithaguardofnurses，teachers，andaclergyman.ItwastorpedoedonSeptember13.ThecrewattemptedtolaunchthelifeboatsasBenaresbegantosink.Theroughweathermadeitdifficult，somanyofthepassengersinthelifeboatsdiedintheextremeconditions.Only15childrensurvived.Churchill，whenhelearnedofthedisaster，decidedtoendtheoverseasevacuationscheme.1．Thewholepassageismainlyabout.A．bombingBritain B．childrenevacuationC．GermanU-boats D．lossofchildren答案B解析主旨大意題。通讀全文可知文章主要介紹了孩子的疏散、撤離問題，故選B。2．WhatcanwelearnabouttheBritishpeopleaccordingtothepassage?A．Theywereconcernedabouttheirchildren.B．TheywerethreatenedbyStanleyBaldwin.C．TheywerefrightenedbyGermaninvasion.D．Theylongedtogotocommonwealthnations.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段可知英國(guó)人非常關(guān)心自己的孩子們，故選A。3．Theunderlinedword“eligible”inthelastsentenceofParagraph3probablymeans“”．A．qualified B．a(chǎn)ccessibleC．hopeful D．popular答案A解析詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)該單詞前的“l(fā)essprivileged”可知英國(guó)政府將確保弱勢(shì)群體的孩子也有資格，故選A。4．Churchilldecidedtoendtheevacuationschememainlybecause.A．somanypeopleneededevacuatingB．theweatherintheAtlanticwasroughC．thecrewwereinexperiencedinsavingpeopleD．linerseasilybecamethetargetsoftheGermanU-boats答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Churchill，whenhelearnedofthedisaster，decidedtoendtheoverseasevacuationscheme.”可知丘吉爾取消疏散孩子的計(jì)劃就是因?yàn)榍懊嫣岬降腢-boats成為了德軍打擊的目標(biāo)，故選D。B(建議用時(shí)8′)Anewplanet-huntingtechniquehasdetectedthemostearth-likeplanetyetaroundastarotherthanoursun，raisinghopesoffindingaspacerockthatmightsupportlife，astronomers(天文學(xué)家)reportedrecently.“Thisisanimportantdiscoverytoanswerthequestion‘Arewealone？’”saidMichaelTurneroftheNationalScienceFoundation.“Theteamhasdiscoveredthemostearth-likeplanetyet，andmoreimportantly，hasprovedthepowerofanewtechniquethatissensitive(靈敏的)todetectingplanetsthatarefitforpeopletoliveon，”Turnersaidinastatement.Inthelastdecade，astronomershavedetectedmorethan160planetsmovingaroundstarsoutsideoursolarsystem.MostofthesehavebeengasgiantplanetslikeJupiter，whichareunfitforlife.Butaninternationalteamhasdetectedacoldplanetabout5.5timesmoremassivethantheearth—stillsmallenoughtobeconsideredearth-like—movingaroundastarabout20,000lightyearsaway，closetothecenteroftheMilkyWay.Tofindthisnewplanet，theteamusedatechniquecalledgravitationalmicrolensing(引力微觀透鏡法)．Whenaplanetiscirclingthecloseststar，theplanet’sgravitycanadditsownsignaturetothelight.ThiskindoflightsignaturewasobservedonJuly11byagroupoftelescopesinaprojectknownasOGLE，shortforOpticalGravitationalLensingExperiment.“Themainadvantageofmicrolensingisthesignalsforlow-massplanets：They’’rejustrare，”BennettoftheUniversityofNotreDameinIndianasaidbytelephone.“Iftherehappenstobeastraightlinebetweenaforegroundstarwithitsplanetandthebackgroundsourcestar，thenyou’reabletodetectthatplanet.”5．Theunderlinedword“detected”inParagraph1probablymeans“”．A．discovered B．destroyedC．created D．searched答案A解析詞義猜測(cè)題。由第一段第一句“Anewplanet-huntingtechniquehasdetectedthemostearth-likeplanetyetaroundastarotherthanoursun...”及第三段第一句中的“Theteamhasdiscoveredthemost...”可知，這里detect與discover的含義相同，指的是“探測(cè)、發(fā)現(xiàn)”。故選A。6．Theauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassageisto.A．provethatscientistshavealotofdifficultiesindoingscientificresearchB．explainwhythisplanetmovesaroundastarlikeoursunC．teachthereaderssomebasicknowledgeabouttheuniverseD．tellpeopleaboutanewtechniquethatfindsthemostearth-likeplanetmovingroundanotherstar答案D解析作者意圖題。文章主要講述的是科學(xué)家用一種新的技術(shù)，找到了與地球最相似的行星，并研究其是否適合人類居住。故選D。7．Fromthenewsreportwecaninferthat.A．theplanetisliketheearthbecauseitisclosetothecenteroftheMilkyWayB．itisquitepossiblethatlifemayexistonotherplanetsintheuniverseC．peoplehavenointerestinfindingaplanetthatmightsupportlifeD．thequestion“Arewealone”istoodifficultforscientiststoanswer答案B解析推理判斷題。由第一段“...raisinghopesoffindingaspacerockthatmightsupportlife，astronomers(天文學(xué)家)reportedrecently.”及第二段“Thisisanimportan