2017年12月英語四級(jí)考試真題全解析(第一套)

2017年12月英語四級(jí)考試真題全解析（第一套）第一部分：寫作題目解析：審題：四級(jí)寫作的第一步即讀懂題目要求。讀題目時(shí)我們需要在題干中去找“關(guān)鍵詞”。本次作文中讀完題目，建議同學(xué)們用筆勾畫出來五個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞，即五個(gè)要點(diǎn)，順序依次是“30minutes”、“essay”、“how”、“therelationshipbetweendoctorsandpatients”、“writeatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words”其中關(guān)于考試時(shí)間和作文字?jǐn)?shù)的要求每年都一致。接下來審題的重點(diǎn)：這次寫作要求我們寫一篇常見的議論文，并且去簡(jiǎn)述如何處理醫(yī)生和病人的關(guān)系。讀完題目之后，我們了解到這次的寫作主題即“醫(yī)患關(guān)系（therelationshipbetweendoctorsandpatients）”。謀篇：四級(jí)寫作的第二步即布局三段結(jié)構(gòu)，這次寫作中強(qiáng)調(diào)“如何處理醫(yī)患關(guān)系”，所以我們?cè)诘诙螌懽鲿r(shí)，可以從兩個(gè)維度出發(fā)—醫(yī)生和患者—去敘述如何正確處理兩個(gè)主體之間的關(guān)系。框架：全文分為三個(gè)段落。第一段為話題引出段（可結(jié)合情景作文第一段，先表明自己的觀點(diǎn)）；第二段為原因分析段（主要從醫(yī)生/患者兩個(gè)方面進(jìn)行原因論述）；第三段為意義闡述段。具體的范文如下，僅做參考：Inthepresentage,itisgenerallyacknowledgedthattherelationshipbetweendoctorsandpatientsisplayingindispensablerolesinourlives.AsfarasIamconcerned,weshouldbalancethiskindofrelationshipfromtwoaspects,doctorsandpatients.Thecausesofthisperspectivearemultiple.Inthefirstplace,thereasonhasbeencitedasamajorreasonthatdoctorscannotbeunderstood,forpatientsalwaysmaintaindoctorscancureallkindsofdisease.Thisismainlyduetothefactthatalthoughmedicaltechnologyandscienceareadvancedatanamazingrate,thereexistsamultitudeofvariouskindsofdiseaseswecannotcure.Furthermore,thereasoncancontributethisperspectivethatpatientsarebelievedtobelackofthefundamentalmedicalknowledge,whichresultsinthisrelationshipareworried.Plentyofevidencehasshownthatanincreasingnumberofpatientsoftengotoextremesiftheirdiseasescannotbecureinstantly.Whenitcomestoourmodernsociety,itisuniversallyacknowledgedthatdealingwiththerelationshipbetweendoctorsandpatientsinareasonablewayplaysavitallyimportantroleinourlives.Undoubtedly,ifwesparenoeffortstodoso,ourfuturewillbehopefulandpromising.分割線第二部分：聽力SectionANewreport11.答案:B)Herlittlebrother.2.答案:C)Bysellinglemonadeandpictures.題目解析：第1題：Q:WhodidEdisonraisemoneyfor?此題用新聞首句原則,了解大致內(nèi)容是Edison賣檸檬水和畫畫為生病需要做心臟手術(shù)(surgery)的弟弟籌資。第一道題給考生來了個(gè)下馬威,難度系數(shù)比較高,需要考生自己分類信息再聽取問題作答,這種題型稱為模棱兩可型題目,考察學(xué)生聽力和反應(yīng)能力。A)HerfriendErika.根據(jù)順序原則,A選項(xiàng)在新聞最后才出現(xiàn)且與問題不符，先不作考慮。C/D選項(xiàng)是Edison祖母猜測(cè)Edison偷聽到祖父的對(duì)話,從而得知弟弟生病,與問題無關(guān),故排除。第2題：Q:HowdidEdisonraisemoney?這道題難度中等,根據(jù)選項(xiàng)形式都是by,可得知問題一定是問how,因此,可預(yù)先考慮應(yīng)該緊抓文章中的“方式”,再根據(jù)視聽一致原則即可得出答案。四級(jí)寫作的第一步即讀懂題目要求。讀題目時(shí)我們需要在題干中去找“關(guān)鍵詞”。本次作文中讀完題目，建議同學(xué)們用筆勾畫出來五個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞，即五個(gè)要點(diǎn)，順序依次是“30minutes”、“essay”、“how”、“therelationshipbetweendoctorsandpatients”、“writeatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words”其中關(guān)于考試時(shí)間和作文字?jǐn)?shù)的要求每年都一致。接下來審題的重點(diǎn)：這次寫作要求我們寫一篇常見的議論文，并且去簡(jiǎn)述如何處理醫(yī)生和病人的關(guān)系。讀完題目之后，我們了解到這次的寫作主題即“醫(yī)患關(guān)系（therelationshipbetweendoctorsandpatients）”。原文：A9-year-oldgirlinNewMexicohasraisedmorethan$500forherlittlebrotherwhoneedsheartsurgeryinHoustonTexasthisJuly.AddisonWitulski'sgrandmotherKimAllredsaidAddison解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。視聽一致原則，依據(jù)identifylions’tracks,確定答案.原文：LionshavedisappearedfrommuchofAfrica,butforthepastfewyearsscientistshavewonderedifthebigcatswerehangingoninremotepartsofSudanandEthiopia.Continuousfightingintheregionhasmadesurveysdifficult.ButscientistsreleasedareportMondaydocumenting,withhardevidence,thediscoveryof"lostlions."AteamwithOxfordUniversity’sWildlifeConservationResearchUnit,supportedbyacharityorganization,spenttwonightsinNovembercampingintheNationalParkinnorthwestEthiopia,ontheEthiopia-Sudanborder.Theresearcherssetoutsixcameratrapscapturingimagesoflions,andtheyidentifiedliontracks.ThescientistsconcludedthatlionsarealsolikelytoliveintheneighbouringNationalParkacrosstheborderinSudan.TheInternationalUnionforConservationofNaturehadpreviouslyconsideredtheareaa"possiblerange"forthespecies,andlocalpeoplehadreportedseeinglionsinthearea,butnoonepresentedconvincingevidence.SectionBConversation18.【答案】A.Her“l(fā)uckybirthday”【問題】Whatisthewomanlookingforwardto?【原文+解析】Agoldenorluckybirthdayiswhenoneturnstheageoftheirbirthdate.一個(gè)黃金或幸運(yùn)的生日是當(dāng)一個(gè)人到達(dá)出生日期的年齡。9.【答案】D.Threwherasurpriseparty.【問題】Whatdidthewoman’sparentsdoonhersister’sluckybirthday?【原文+解析】Myparentsdidthrowherasurprisepartythatyear.那年我父母給她舉辦了一個(gè)驚喜派對(duì)。10.答案：B.Thetripherhusbandhasplanned.【問題】Whatisthewomaneagertofindoutabout?【原文+解析】I’mdyingtoknowwhatkindoftriphehasplannedorwaywearegoing.我很想知道他計(jì)劃了什么樣的旅行，或者我們打算去哪。11.答案：C.Heiseagertolearnhowthecouple’sholidayturnsout.【問題】Whatdoesthemansayattheendoftheconversation?【原文+解析】Ican’twaittohearallaboutitwhenyougetback.我等不及要聽到你回來的消息了。原文：M:Ibetyou'relookingforwardtotheendofthismonth.Areyou?W:Yes,Iam.Howdidyouknow?M:Davidtoldmeyouhadaspecialbirthdaycomingup.W:Oh…yeahthat'sright.Thisyearwillbemygoldenbirthday.M:Whatdoesthatmean?I'veneverheardofagoldenbirthday.W:I'veactuallyjustlearntthisconceptmyself.Fortunately,justintimetocelebrate.Agoldenorluckybirthdayiswhenoneturnstheageoftheirbirthdate.So,forexample,mysister'sbirthdayisDecember9thandhergoldenbirthdaywouldhavebeentheyearsheturnednineyearsold.Cometothinkofit,myparentsdidthrowherasurprisepartythatyear.M:Interesting.ToobadImissedmine.Mygoldenbirthdaywould'vebeenfouryearsago.Iassumeyougotbigplansthen.W:Actuallyyes.Myhusbandisplanningasurpriseholidayforthetwoofusnextweek.Ihavenoideawhathe'sgotinmind,butI'mexcitedtofindout.Hashementionedanythingtoyou?M:Hemighthave.W:Anythingyou'dliketoshare?I'mdyingtoknowwhatkindoftriphehasplannedonwherewe'regoing.M:Youknownothingatall?W:Notaclue.Hardtoimagine,isn’tit?ThoughImustsayIthinkhe'sbeenhavingevenmorefunkeepingthesecretfrommeinthepastfewweeks.M:I'msurebothofyouwillhaveafantastictime.Happygoldenbirthday!Ican'twaittohearallaboutitwhenyougetback.Conversation212.答案：A.Theyaresensitivetothedynamicsofanegotiation.【問題】Whatdoesthemansayaboutgoodnegotiators?【原文+解析】Theyaresensitivetothedynamicsofanegotiation.他們對(duì)談判的動(dòng)態(tài)很敏感。13.答案：B.Theyknowwhentostop.【問題】Whatdoesthemansaymaybethemostimportantthingtoasuccessfulnegotiator?【原文+解析】Andperhapsmostimportantly,theyknowwhentostop.也許最重要的是，他們知道什么時(shí)候該停下來。14.答案：C.Theylearnquickly.【問題】Howisagoodnegotiatordifferentfromapoorone?【原文+解析】Goodnegotiatorslearnfast.好的談判者學(xué)得快。15.答案：D.Gettoknowtheotherside.【問題】Whatisthefirststageofanegotiationaccordingtoaman?【原文+解析】Thereareaboutsixstagesofanegotiation:gettoknowtheotherside談判大致有六個(gè)階段：了解對(duì)方。原文：W:Mr.Green,whatdoyouthinkmakesasuccessfulnegotiator?M:Well,that’shardtodefine.ButIthinksuccessfulnegotiatorshaveseveralthingsincommon.Theyarealwayspoliteandrationalpeople.Theyarefirmbutflexible.Theycanrecognizepowerandknowhowtouseit.Theyaresensitivetothedynamicsofthenegotiation.Thewayofrisesandfallsandhowitmaychangedirection.Theyprojecttheimageofconfidence,andperhapsmostimportantly,theyknowwhentostop.W:And,whataboutanunsuccessfulnegotiator?M:Well,thisisprobablyallofuswhenwestartout.Weareprobablyimmatureandover-trusting.Tooemotionaloraggressive.Weareunsureofourselvesandwewanttobelikedbyeveryone.Goodnegotiatorslearnfast.Poornegotiatorsremainlikethatandgoonlosingnegotiations.W:Inyouropinion,cantheskillsofnegotiationbetaught?M:Well,youcanteachsomeonehowtoprepareforanegotiation.Thereareperhapssixstagesineverynegotiation.Gettoknowtheotherside.Stateyourgoals.Starttheprocess.Clarifyareasofdisagreementorconflict.Reassessyourposition.Makingacceptablecompromises.Andfinally,reachsomeagreementinprinciple.Thesestagescanbestudied.Andstrategiestobeusedineachcanbeplannedbeforehand.ButIthink,thereallysuccessfulnegotiatorisprobablybornwithsixsenseaboutrespondingappropriatelytothesituationathand.W:Theartisticsenseyou’vejustdescribed?M:Yes.That’sright.SectionCPassage116.【答案】D)HowspaceresearchbenefitspeopleonEarth.【問題】Whatdosomepeoplewanttoknowaboutspaceexploration?【原文+解析】Somepeoplewonderwhycountriesspendmillionsofdollarsonspaceprojects.TheywanttoknowhowspaceresearchhelpspeopleonEarth.有些人想知道為什么國家在太空項(xiàng)目上花費(fèi)了數(shù)百萬美元。他們想知道太空研究是如何幫助地球上的人們的。該句為段首句，運(yùn)用題文同序和視聽一致確定答案為“D太空研究如何造福地球上的人們?！?7.【答案】B)Theydevelopedobjectsforastronautstouseinouterspace.【問題】Whatdidscientistsdoforthespaceshuttlemissions?【原文+解析】Andinthespaceshuttlemissionstoday,scientistsdevelopedobjectsfortheastronautstouseonthemoon,andinspace.在今天的航天飛行任務(wù)中，科學(xué)家們開發(fā)了宇航員在月球和太空中使用的物體。該句與答案“B他們開發(fā)了宇航員在外層空間使用的物體?！币恢?，所以答案選B。18.【答案】A)Theyareextremelyaccurate.【問題】whatdoesthespeakersayaboutquartzcrystalclocksandwatches?【原文+解析】Forexample,wehavequartzcrystalclocksandwatchesaccuratetowithinoneminuteayear.例如，我們有石英晶體鐘和手表可以精確到在一年中只有一分鐘之內(nèi)的誤差。原文：Somepeoplewonderwhycountriesspendmillionsofdollarsonspaceprojects.TheywanttoknowhowspaceresearchhelpspeopleonEarth.ActuallyspacetechnologyhelpspeopleonEartheveryday.Thisiscalled"spin-offtechnology."Spin-offtechnologyisspacetechnologythatisnowusedonEarth.Inearlyspaceprograms,suchastheApollomissionsofthe1960sand1970s,andintheSpaceShuttlemissionstoday,scientistsdevelopedobjectsfortheastronautstouseonthemoonandinspace.Wenowusesomeoftheseobjectseveryday.Forexample,wehaveQuartzcrystalclocksandwatchesaccuratetowithinoneminuteayear.Wepurifythewaterwedrinkwithawaterfilterdesignedfortheastronauts'useinspace.Thecordless,hand-heldtoolsweuseinourhomes,suchasvacuumcleaners,flashlights,drillsandsawscamefromthetechnologyoftheseearlyspaceprograms.Oncoldwinterdayswecanstaywarmwithbattery-operatedglovesandsocks,andspeciallymadecoatsandjackets.Alloftheseclothesaresimilartothespacesuitdesignsthatkeptastronautscomfortableinthetemperaturesofthemoon,andarespin-offsfromspacetechnology.Theseproductsareonlyafewexamplesofthemanywaysspacetechnologyhelpsusinoureverydaylives.Nooneknowshownewspin-offtechnologyfromtheInternationalSpaceStationwillhelpusinthefuture.Passage219.【答案】C)Itmarkedthebeginningofsomethingnew.【問題】Whydoesthespeakersayshewouldliketogobackandliveinthe18thcenturyAmerica?【原文+解析】Well,ifIcouldgobackinhistoryandlive,I’dliketogobacktothe18thcentury,perhapsincolonialAmericainYankeeNewEnglandwhereoneofmyancestorslived,becauseitwasthebeginningofsomething.好吧，如果我能回到歷史中去生活，我想回到十八世紀(jì)，也許是在殖民地美國的新英格蘭，我的一個(gè)祖先住在那里，因?yàn)樗悄呈碌拈_端。該句位于段首句，題文同序定位答案于此句，并且該句與選項(xiàng)“C它標(biāo)志著新事物的開始?！币馑家恢?，所以答案選C。20.【答案】A)Theybelievedinworkingforgoals.【問題】WhatdoesthespeakersayaboutthePuritans?【原文+解析】I’mdeeplyattachedtothePuritantradition,notinareligioussense,buttheybelieveinworkingforsomething,workingforgoalsandIlikethat.我深深地愛上了清教徒的傳統(tǒng)，不是宗教意義上的，而是他們相信工作的事，工作的目標(biāo)，我很喜歡這一點(diǎn)。與選項(xiàng)A一致。21.【答案】D)Doingneedleworkbythefire.【問題】Whatwouldthespeakerlikedoingifshecouldgobacktothepast?【原文+解析】Ilovethecolonialfabrics,orthesilverwork,thefurnishings,thecombinationofeleganceandsimplicity,Iloveit.Theprinting,thebooksandveryattachedtoallthatkindofthing.Thatmaynotallbeveryentertaininginthemodernsenseoftheworld,butIwouldhaveenjoyedspendingmyeveningsinthatenvironment,discussingnewideas,buildinganewworld,andIcanseemyselfsittingonasmallchairbyafiredoingneedlework.我喜歡殖民地的布料，銀色的工作，家具，優(yōu)雅和簡(jiǎn)單的結(jié)合，我喜歡它。印刷品，書籍，非常依戀所有的東西。可能不是所有的東西都在現(xiàn)代意義上是非常有趣的，但我會(huì)喜歡在那樣的環(huán)境里度過我的晚上，討論新的想法，建立一個(gè)新的世界，我能看到自己坐在火旁做針線活的小凳子上。答案“D在火爐邊做針線活。”與原文最后一句一致，所以選擇D。原文：Well,ifIcouldgobackinhistoryandlive,I'dliketogobacktothe18thcenturyandperhapsincolonialAmericainYankee,NewEngland,whereoneofmyancestorslived,becauseitwasthebeginningofsomething.Bythe18thcentury,therewasafeelingofcommunitythathadgrown.Myancestorwasapreacher,travelingaroundthecountryside.Peoplelivedinsmallcommunities.Therewerefishermenandfarmerswhoprovidedfreshfoodthattastedandlookedlikefood,unlikethatintoday'ssupermarkets,andthereweresmalltowns,andNewYorkwasn'tthatfaraway.I'mdeeplyattachedtothePuritantradition,notinareligioussense,buttheybelievedinworkingforsomething,workingforgoals,andIlikethat.Theyworkedhardatwhatevertheydid,buttheyhadasenseofachievement.Theybelievedingoodnessincommunityandhelpingoneanother.Ilovethecolonialfabrics,allthesilverwork,thefurnishings,thecombinationofeleganceandsimplicity.Iloveit.Theprinting,thebooks,I'mveryattachedtoallthatkindofthingthatmaynotallbeveryentertaininginthemodernsenseoftheworld.ButIwouldhaveenjoyedspendingmyeveningsinthatenvironment,discussingnewideas,buildinganewworld.AndIcanseemyselfsittingonasmallchairbythefiredoingneedlework.Passage322.【答案】C)Sitdownandtrytocalmyourself.【問題】Whatdoesthespeakeradviseyoutodofirstifyouarelostinthewoods?【原文+解析】Whenyouarelost,sitdownonalog,orrock,orleanagainstatree,andrecitesomethingyouhavememorizedtobringyourmindtoapointwhereisundercontrol.當(dāng)你迷路的時(shí)候，坐在一塊木頭上，或者巖石上，或者靠在一棵樹上，背誦你記憶中的東西，把你的思想帶到被控制的地方。23.【答案】B)Youmayexposeyourselftounexpecteddangers.【問題】Whatwillhappenifyoufollowanunknownstreaminthewoods?【原文+解析】Streamsnormallyflowthroughwetland,beforetheyreachalakeorariver.Thoughtherearemoreeatableplants,theremayalsobewildanimals,poisonoussnakesandotherhazzards.24.【答案】D)Walkuphill.【問題】Whatdomanyexpertsthinkisthewisestthingtodoifyouarelostinthewoods?【原文+解析】Manyexpertsfeelthatit'swisesttowalkuphill.許多專家認(rèn)為走上坡路是最明智的。25.【答案】A)Informsomebodyofyourplan.【問題】Whatshouldyoudobeforeyougointothewoods?【原文+解析】Anytimeyou'regoingintowoods,somebodyshouldknowwhereyouaregoingandwhenyouareexpectedtoreturn.任何時(shí)候你進(jìn)入森林，都應(yīng)該有人知道你要去哪里，什么時(shí)候你會(huì)回來。原文：Ifyouarelostinthewoods,alittleknowledgecanturnwhatsomepeoplecallahardshipintoanenjoyablestayawayfromthetroublesofmodernsociety.Whenyouthinkyouarelost,sitdownonalog,orarock,orleanagainstatree,andrecitesomethingthatyouhavememorized,tobringyoumindtoapointwhereit’sundercontrol.Don’trunblindly.Ifyoumustmove,don’tfollowastreamunlessyouknowit,andinthatcase,youarenotlost.Streams,normallyflowthroughwetlandbeforetheyreachalakeorariver.Thoughtherearemoreeatableplants,theremayalsobewildanimals,poisonoussnakes,andotherhazards.Manyexpertsfeelthatit’swisesttowalkuphill.Atthetopofmosthillsandmountains,aretrailsleadingbacktocivilization.Iftherearenotrails,youaremucheasiertobeseenontopofahill,andyoumayevenspotahighway,orarailroadfromthispoint.Nowadays,thefirstwaysomeonewillsearchforyouisbyair.Inawetland,orindensegrowth,youareveryhardtospot.Anytimeyougointothewoods,somebodyshouldknowwhereyouaregoing,andwhenyouexpecttoreturn.Also,whensomeonecomeslooking,youshouldbeabletosignaltothem.分割線第三部分：閱讀SectionA26.Ksuperior較好的，上等的，修飾skills27.Dnuisance根據(jù)and前后內(nèi)容，此處選擇令人討厭的東西28.Mtip指尖，后文有手指。29.Ovisual視覺的修飾記憶力，后文也有images.30.Aassociatedbeassociatedwith和...相關(guān)31.Fpreventingratherthan表示阻止，介詞后面用doing32.Hsensitive敏感的根據(jù)后文意思它們很敏感選擇H。33.Islight輕微的，修飾后文的氣味。34.Cindicate根據(jù)前文動(dòng)作，此處是表明，暗示的意思。35.Bexamine檢測(cè)，檢驗(yàn)，根據(jù)后文detectionmethod此處選擇檢測(cè)。SectionBDoIn-ClassExamsMakeStudentsStudyHarder?36.Elderlystudentsfindithardtokeepupwiththerapidchangesineducation.答案：I對(duì)應(yīng)原文“Yes,myadvancedagemustfactorintotheequation(等式),inpartbecauseofmyinabilitytoaccesstheinformationasquickly.”advancedage對(duì)應(yīng)elderly；inability對(duì)應(yīng)hard37.Somebelievetake-homeexamsmayaffectstudents'performanceinothercourses.答案：E“Studentsriskhealthandwellbeing,aswellasperformanceinotherend-of-termwork”risk對(duì)應(yīng)affect；performance原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)38.Certainprofessorsbelievein-classexamsareultimatelymorehelpfultostudents.答案：C對(duì)應(yīng)原文“DavidEisenbach…Hebelievesstudentsultimatelylearnmoreandencouragesthemtoformstudygroups.”believes和ultimately原詞復(fù)線?！發(fā)earnmoreandencourages”對(duì)應(yīng)morehelpful39.In-classexamsarebelievedtodiscouragecheatinginexams.答案：D對(duì)應(yīng)“Healsosaysthereislesschanceofcheatingwiththein-classvariety.”cheating原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，“l(fā)esschance”對(duì)應(yīng)“discouraged”40.Theauthorwashappytolearnshecoulddosomeexamsathome.答案：B對(duì)應(yīng)“andnowIhaveaprofessorwhoissuestake-homeones.IwasexcitedwhenIlearnedthis…”happy對(duì)應(yīng)excited；take-home對(duì)應(yīng)dosomeexamsathome41.Studentswhoputofftheirworkuntilthelastmomentoftenfindtheexamsmoredifficultthantheyactuallyare.答案：H對(duì)應(yīng)原文“Therearepeoplewhoalwayswaituntilthelastminute,andmakeitmuchharderthanitneedstobe.”“waituntilthelastminute”對(duì)應(yīng)“putofftheirworkuntilthelastmonth”“makeitmuchharderthanitneedstobe”對(duì)于“findtheexamsmoredifficultthantheyactuallyare.”42.Differentstudentsmaypreferdifferenttypesofexams.答案：G對(duì)應(yīng)原文“Students’test-formpreferencesvary,too,oftendependingonthesubjectandcoursedifficulty.”preferences對(duì)應(yīng)prefer；vary對(duì)應(yīng)different43.Mostprofessorsagreewhethertogiveanin-classoratake-homeexamdependsontypeofcoursebeingtaught.答案：F對(duì)應(yīng)原文“Mostcollegeprofessorsagreethekindofexamtheychooselargelydependsonthesubject.”Mostcollegeprofessors和agree和dependson原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)；thekindof對(duì)應(yīng)thetypeofcourse對(duì)應(yīng)subject.44.Theauthordroppedoutofcollegesomefortyyearsago.答案：A“SoitmayseemratherstrangethatIhavereturnedtocollegetofinishthedegreeIleftundonesomefourdecadesago.”leftundone對(duì)應(yīng)droppedoutoffourdecadesago對(duì)應(yīng)fortyyearsago45.Somestudentsthinktake-homeexamswilleatuptheirfreetime.答案：J對(duì)應(yīng)“Ilikein-classexamsbecausethetimeisalreadyreserved,asopposedtousingmyfreetimeathometoworkonatest”“freetime”原詞重現(xiàn)“using”對(duì)應(yīng)“eatup”SectionCPassageOne46.Whatdidresearchersfindpuzzlingaboutthefirst-nighteffect?答案：D)Inwhatwayitcanbebeneficial.此題為細(xì)節(jié)題。題干關(guān)鍵詞為first-nighteffect，researchers,puzzling。據(jù)此定位到第二段第二句“Thepuzzlewaswhatbenefitwouldbegainedfromit”，句子大意為：（研究者的）困惑是將會(huì)從中獲得什么利益、好處。可見，D選項(xiàng)為正確答案，“beneficial”是對(duì)原文中“benefit”的同義替換。A選項(xiàng)借第一段第一句“troublesleeping”干擾，該句是first-nighteffect的定義，且不在定位范圍內(nèi)；B選項(xiàng)借第二段第一句“howhumanevolved”干擾，不是puzzle的內(nèi)容；C選項(xiàng)借第三段第一句的“thesurroundingenvironment”干擾，是實(shí)驗(yàn)相關(guān)內(nèi)容，不在定位范圍內(nèi)。47.WhatdowelearnaboutDr.YukaSasakidoingherresearch?答案：C)Shegotsomeideafrompreviousstudiesonbirdsanddolphins此題為推理題。題干關(guān)鍵詞為Dr.YukaSasakidoingherresearch，因關(guān)鍵詞為全文話題，定位價(jià)值不大，所以可用反證法通過選項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵詞來定位，選項(xiàng)共同的關(guān)鍵詞為birdsanddolphins。據(jù)此定位到第二段第三句“Shealsoknewfrompreviousworkconductedonbirdsanddolphins…”，句子大意為她可從之前對(duì)鳥類和海豚的研究中得出一些成果，這讓她想研究人是否也會(huì)做同樣的事?？梢姡珻選項(xiàng)為正確答案，是對(duì)原文的同義替換。A選項(xiàng)的錯(cuò)誤在于asleep（熟睡的）與原文“puthalfoftheirbrainstosleep”（半睡的狀態(tài)），意思不符；BD選項(xiàng)的錯(cuò)誤在于“sleepingway”和“sleepingpattern”表述不夠具體、清楚。48.WhatdidDr.Sasakidowhenshefirstdidherexperiment?A)Shemonitoredthebrainactivityofparticipantssleepinginanewenvironment.此題為細(xì)節(jié)題。題干關(guān)鍵詞為Dr.Sasaki,firstexperiment,do（做法）。“firstexperiment”在原文中沒有原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，但根據(jù)句意，可知定位處在第二段第四句“thisledhertowonderifpeoplemightbedoingthesamething”后。根據(jù)后面原文“Theparticipants…monitoredwithtechniquesthatlookedattheactivityoftheirbrains.”可知，A選項(xiàng)為正確答案。B選項(xiàng)將原文的“35healthypeople”和“DepartmentofPsychologicalSciences”雜糅;C選項(xiàng)的錯(cuò)誤在于原文并沒有分析大腦的兩半的區(qū)別；D選項(xiàng)是研究的目的，而非實(shí)驗(yàn)中的做法，答非所問。49.WhatdidDr.Sasakidowhenre-runningherexperiment?答案：C)Sheexposedherparticipantstotwodifferentstimuli.此題為細(xì)節(jié)題。題干關(guān)鍵詞為Dr.Sasaki和re-runingherexperiment。據(jù)此定位到第三段第一句話后半段“whilepresentingthesleepingparticipantswithamixofregularlytimedbeepsofthesameandirreugularbeepsofadifferenttone”,C選項(xiàng)是對(duì)該句的概括，符合文意。A選項(xiàng)的錯(cuò)誤在于干擾睡眠的是irregularbeeps,而非irregulartones;B選項(xiàng)的錯(cuò)誤在于沒有提及記錄實(shí)驗(yàn)參與者對(duì)變化環(huán)境的適應(yīng)；D選項(xiàng)的錯(cuò)誤在于原文未提及不同的實(shí)驗(yàn)參與者。50.WhatdidDr.Sasakifindabouttheparticipantsinherexperiment?答案：B)Theytendedtoperceiveirregularbeepsasathreat.此題為細(xì)節(jié)題。題干關(guān)鍵詞為Dr.Sasaki,theparticipants,find（研究結(jié)果）。據(jù)此定位到“sheworkedoutthat…”后，根據(jù)“itwouldreacttotheirregularbeepsbystirringpeoplefromsleep”可知不規(guī)律的蜂鳴聲會(huì)擾亂睡眠，B選項(xiàng)符合文意。A選項(xiàng)的錯(cuò)誤在于原文并沒有說tones對(duì)睡眠有影響；C選項(xiàng)的錯(cuò)誤在于sleepy（困乏的），無中生有；D選項(xiàng)的錯(cuò)誤在于原文并未提及不同的人對(duì)不規(guī)律的音調(diào)的容忍度不同。PassageTwo51.Whatdoestheauthorsayistheproblemwithwomen?答案：D)Theytendtopushthemselvesbeyondthelimitsoftheirability.此題為細(xì)節(jié)題。題干關(guān)鍵詞為problem,women。據(jù)此定位到第一段第一、二句，“beingoverworkedorover-committedathomeandonthejobwillnotgetyouwhereyouwanttobeinlife”,該句大意為“女性為家庭、為工作過度付出將不會(huì)使她們過上想要的生活”，D選項(xiàng)符合文意。A選項(xiàng)的錯(cuò)誤在于原文并沒有說女性不清楚自己的職業(yè)目標(biāo)；B選項(xiàng)的錯(cuò)誤在于原文并沒有將女性對(duì)家庭和對(duì)工作的付出做比較；C選項(xiàng)的錯(cuò)誤在于over-optimistic（過度樂觀）無中生有。52.Whydoworkingwomenofchild-bearingagetendtofeeldrainedofenergy?答案：A)Theystruggletosatisfythedemandsofbothworkandhome.此題為細(xì)節(jié)題。題干關(guān)鍵詞為workingwomenofchild-bearingage,feeldrainedofenergy,why（原因）。據(jù)此定位到第三段第二句“onereasonwomenmayfeelexhaustedisthat…”后，根據(jù)“womenwanttobeabletodoitall…”，可知，A選項(xiàng)符合文意，女性努力滿足工作和家庭需求。B選項(xiàng)只強(qiáng)調(diào)過分投入工作，以偏概全；C選項(xiàng)的錯(cuò)誤在于借第三段likedbytheircolleagues干擾，但與同事合作原文并未提及；D選項(xiàng)，過度推理，文中并沒有說女性的責(zé)任太多。53.Whatmayhinderthefutureprospectsofcareerwomen?答案：A)Theirunwillingnesstosay“no”