小學(xué)英語情態(tài)動(dòng)詞知識(shí)點(diǎn)及練習(xí)

小學(xué)英語情態(tài)動(dòng)詞知識(shí)點(diǎn)及練習(xí)小學(xué)英語情態(tài)動(dòng)詞知識(shí)點(diǎn)及練習(xí)/NUMPAGES16小學(xué)英語情態(tài)動(dòng)詞知識(shí)點(diǎn)及練習(xí)小學(xué)英語情態(tài)動(dòng)詞知識(shí)點(diǎn)及練習(xí)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞【知識(shí)要點(diǎn)】:情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（Modalverbs）本身有一定的詞義，表示語氣的單詞。但是不能獨(dú)立作謂語，只能和動(dòng)詞原形一起構(gòu)成謂語。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用在行為動(dòng)詞前，表示說話人對(duì)這一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的看法或主觀設(shè)想。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞雖然數(shù)量不多，但用途廣泛，主要有下列：can(could),may(might),must,need,oughtto,dare(dared),shall(should),will(would)mustnot.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞無人稱和數(shù)的變化，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面跟的動(dòng)詞須用原形，否定式構(gòu)成是在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面加"not"。疑問形式是將情態(tài)動(dòng)詞提至主語前。個(gè)別情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有現(xiàn)在式和過去式兩種形式，過去式用來表達(dá)更加客氣，委婉的語氣，時(shí)態(tài)性不強(qiáng)，可用于過去，現(xiàn)在或?qū)?。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞屬非及物動(dòng)詞，故沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)?！镜湫屠}】:【專題一】:can和could的用法【例1】Canyouliftthisheavybox?(體力)【解析】表示能力(體力、知識(shí)、技能)【練習(xí)】1.Maryspeakthreelanguages.(知識(shí))2.youskate?(技能)此時(shí)可用beableto代替。Can只有一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去式;而beableto則有更多的時(shí)態(tài)。I’llnotbeabletocomethisafternoon.當(dāng)表示“經(jīng)過努力才得以做成功某事”時(shí)應(yīng)用beableto,不能用Can?！纠?】CanIgonow?Yes,youcan./No,youcan’t.【解析】表示請(qǐng)求和允許。此時(shí)可與may互換。在疑問句中還可用could,might代替,不是過去式,只是語氣更委婉,不能用于肯定句和答語中。【練習(xí)】Icometoseeyoutomorrow?Yes,you.No,you/I’mafraidnot.【例3】Canthisbetrue?【解析】表示推測(驚訝、懷疑、不相信的態(tài)度),用于疑問句、否定句和感嘆句中?！揪毩?xí)】Thisbedonebyhim.Howthisbetrue?【專題二】may和might的用法：【例1】Might/MayIsmokeinthisroom?No,youmustn’t.【解析】表示請(qǐng)求和允許。might比may語氣更委婉,而不是過去式。否定回答時(shí)可用can’t或mustn’t,表示“不可以,禁止”。用MayI...?征徇對(duì)方許可時(shí)比較正式和客氣,而用CanI...?在口語中更常見?！揪毩?xí)】Itakethisbookoutoftheroom?Yes,you.No,you【例2】Mayyousucceed!【解析】用于祈使句,表示祝愿?！纠?】Hemay/mightbeverybusynow.【解析】表示推測、可能性(不用于疑問句)。might不是過去式,它所表示的可能性比may小?！揪毩?xí)】1.Yourmothernotknowthetruth.2.Heverybusynow.他現(xiàn)在可能很忙?！緦ｎ}三】must和haveto的用法：【例1】Themanbeourteacher。那個(gè)人一定是我們的老師。【例2】Istudyhardbecauseofmydream.為了我的夢想我必須努力學(xué)習(xí)?！纠?】1.Youcomeintime.你必須準(zhǔn)時(shí)過來【解析】：must表示必須、必要。表示主觀對(duì)事物的推測時(shí)，意為想必、一定，只用于肯定句中;表推測時(shí)，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞與動(dòng)詞原形(常為be動(dòng)詞)連用。而haveto強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要?！揪毩?xí)】:1.Herplayisboring,Igonow.2.Yourmotherbewaitingforyounow.3.Igohome,becausemyfatherisill.【例4】Mustwehandinourexercisebookstoday?Yes,youNo,you【解析】：在回答由must引出的問句時(shí)，如果是否定的，不能用mustn’t,而用needn’t,don’thaveto.must是說話人的主觀看法,而haveto則強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要?！揪毩?xí)】:Musthegotoschoolnow?Yes,heNo,he.【專題四】should及其否定式用法【例1】：Ishouldhelpherbecausesheisintrouble.【解析】：should表示應(yīng)該、勸告、建議和命令?！揪毩?xí)】:Yougotoclassrightaway.Iopenthewindow?【專題四】need的用法【例1】：Youneedn’tcomesoearly.【解析】need作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用時(shí),常用于疑問句、否定句。在肯定句中一般用must,haveto,oughtto,should代替【練習(xí)】NeedIfinishtheworktoday?Yes,you/No,you【專題五】should的用法【例1】Ishouldhelpherbecausesheisintrouble.【解析】should表示應(yīng)該【練習(xí)】Youtakecareofthebaby.【例2】Youshouldgotoclassrightaway.【解析】表示勸告、建議和命令。在疑問句中常用should?！揪毩?xí)】Iopenthewindow？【專題六】will和would的用法【例1】Iwilldoanythingforyou.【解析】表示詢問，請(qǐng)求,將要。【練習(xí)】1.youpassmethebook?2.Shegotothelibrary.【例2】wouldyoutellmethewaytotheschool?【解析】表示過去的意愿或委婉提問自我檢測(一)用適當(dāng)?shù)那閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞填空。1.MustIborrowthebookwithmyIDcard?No,you2.Iuseyourcar?Yes,you3.Igohomenow?No,youstayhereandwaitfortheteacher.4.Mymotherisill.Istayathomeandlookafterher.5.Isendanemailtomyfriend.6.Youtakemoreexercise.7.youtellmehowtogettothePark?8.Wehelpeachother.9.youliketogofishingwithme?10.weplayfootballthisafternoon?(二)按要求改寫句子。1.Icanrunfast.(否定句)Ifast.2.Youmustreturnthebooknow.(一般疑問句)Ireturnthebooknow?No,you.Hecanplaybasketballwell.(一般疑問句)Hebasketballwell?4.Theymusttakethebooksoutoftheroom.(否定句)Theythebooksoutoftheroom.5.Hewillgetupearly.(否定句）Hegetupearly.(三)選擇題。1.ItoldSallyhowtogethere,butperhapsI_______forher.A.hadtowriteitoutB.musthavewrittenitoutC.shouldhavewrittenitouD.oughttowriteitout2.—Therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecarbuttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.—It_______acomfortablejourney.A.can’tbeB.shouldn’tbeC.mustn’thavebeenD.couldn’thavebeen3.It’snearlyseveno’clock.Jack_______behereatanymoment.A.mustB.needC.shouldD.can4.Johnny,you_______playwiththeknife,you_______hurtyourself.A.won’t;can’tB.mustn’t;mayC.shouldn’t;mustD.can’t;shouldn’t5.Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone_______getout.A.hadtoB.wouldC.couldD.wasableto6.—WhencanIcomeforthephotos?Ineedthemtomorrowafternoon.—They_______bereadyby12:00.A.canB.shouldC.mightD.need7.—IstayedatahotelwhileinNewYork.—Oh,didyou?You_______withBarbara.A.couldhavestayedB.couldstayC.wouldstayD.musthavestayed8.—AreyoucomingtoJeff’sparty?—I’mnotsure.I_______gototheconcertinstead.A.mustB.wouldC.shouldD.might9.Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.You_______homewithoutaword.A.mustn’tleaveB.shouldn’thaveleftC.couldn’thaveleftD.needn’tleave10.—IsJohncomingbytrain?—Heshould,buthe_______not.Helikesdrivinghiscar.A.mustB.canC.needD.may11.Aleft-luggageofficeisaplacewherebags_______beleftforashorttime,especiallyatarailwaystation.A.shouldB.canC.mustD.will12.Iwonderhowhe_______thattotheteacher.A.daretosayB.daresayingC.notdaresayD.daredsay13.Whenhewasthere,he_______gotothatcoffeeshopatthecornerafterworkeveryday.A.wouldB.shouldC.hadbetterD.might14.Ithasbeenannouncedthatcandidates_______remainintheirseatsuntilallthepapershavebeencollected.A.canB.willC.mayD.shall15.How_______yousaythatyoureallyunderstandthewholestoryifyouhavecoveredonlyapartofthearticle?A.canB.mustC.needD.may16.—Ihearyou’vegotasetofvaluableAustraliancoin._______Ihavealook?—Yes,certainly.DoB.MayC.ShallD.Should●答案解析●、1.needn’t/don’thaveto2.Cancan3.Maymust4.haveto5.will6.should7.can/could8.must/should9.Would10.can(二)1.Can’trun2.Mustneedn’t3.Canplay4.can’ttake5.wouldn’t(三)1.C?！皁ughtto/shouldhave+過去分詞”表示后悔當(dāng)初該做但卻沒做某事?！啊苍S我本該把詳細(xì)地址寫給她的。”2.D?！癱ouldn’thave+過去分詞”表示對(duì)過去情況的推測。既然小汽車上“已有五人”，且是“設(shè)法”才把你帶去的，如此擁擠，旅途當(dāng)然“不可能”舒服。3.C。nearly暗示“時(shí)間不早了”，Jack“按理應(yīng)當(dāng)(should)隨時(shí)(atanymoment)