Unit-4-Global-warming單詞和句型重點(diǎn)總結(jié)

Unit4Globalwarming全球變暖一、詞匯1.comeabout發(fā)生；造成注意：（1）comeabout是不及物動(dòng)詞短語，不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)，常指情況不受人控制的突然發(fā)生。有時(shí)用it作形式主語，that從句作真正主語。表示“發(fā)生”的詞或短語有：happen,occur,takeplace,breakout,都是不及物動(dòng)詞或短語，都沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。comeout（花）開；出版；發(fā)行；顯露comeup走近；長(zhǎng)出；發(fā)芽；被提出；發(fā)生comeupwith趕上；提出comeacross被理解；偶然碰見；無意中找到comealong出現(xiàn)；進(jìn)展；跟著來comeon得啦；快點(diǎn)cometo總計(jì)；達(dá)到；恢復(fù)知覺whenitcomesto涉及；談到①M(fèi)anyaquarrelcomesaboutthroughamisunderstanding.②Themooncameoutfrombehindtheclouds.③I’llletyouknowifanythingcomesup.④I’llcomeoverandseehowyouarecomingalong.⑤Icameacrossanoldfriendyesterday.⑥Whenshecameto,shecouldn’trecognizethesurroundings.2.subscribeto同意；贊成；訂購(1)subscribevi.同意；捐贈(zèng)；訂閱vt.（簽署）文件；捐助subscribe…to…在……上簽署；向……捐……(2)subscriptionn.訂閱費(fèi)；捐贈(zèng)款①Isubscribetoyoursuggestion.②Whichmagazinedoyousubscribeto?③Hesubscribedhisnametothepaper（文件）.④Hesubscribedalargesumtothepoorstudents.3.quantityn.量；數(shù)量inquantity在數(shù)量上；大量地inlargequantities大量地（常修飾動(dòng)詞）a(large)quantityof+①不可數(shù)名詞（謂語用單數(shù)）②可數(shù)名詞（謂語用復(fù)數(shù)）largequantitiesof+不可數(shù)名詞/可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)（謂語都用復(fù)數(shù)）①It’scheapertobuygoodsinquantity/inlargequantities.②AlargequantityofsilkissoldinJapan.③Alargequantityofdrugsarefoundinhishome.④Largequantitiesofrainareneededinthisarea.4.tendvi.趨向；易于；照顧vt.照顧；護(hù)理tendtodosth.常常會(huì)做某事；趨向于做某事tendto/towardssth.趨于；傾向于tend(to)sb./sth.(=lookaftersb./sth.)照顧；護(hù)理……tendencyn.傾向；偏好haveatendencytodosth.往往會(huì)做某事①Hetendstogetangrywhenothersdisagreewithher.②Hisviewstendtowardstheextreme（極端）.③Hewastending(to)hissonwhenIsawhiminthehospital.④Janeisnicebuthasatendencytotalktoomuch.=Janeisnicebutshetendstotalktoomuch.5.goup上升；增長(zhǎng)；升起；被建造goupby上升了……goupto上升到……godown下降；降低；（船）下沉goinfor從事；致力；愛好；追求gowithout沒有……也行；將就goover復(fù)習(xí)；查看gothrough通過；經(jīng)歷苦難；瀏覽①Thepriceofthenewhouseinourareahasgoneupby1,000yuanpersquaremeter（平方米）。Thatis（也就是說）ithasgoneupto5,000yuanpersquaremeter.②Thewindhasgonedownalittle.④Thecountryhasgonethroughtoomanywars.⑤Weallgoinforwintersports.⑥Newbuildingsaregoingupeverywhere.keepsb.doingsth.使某人處在某狀態(tài)中keepsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事keepback（使）后退；忍?。浑[瞞keepoff（使）讓開；（使）不接近keepout擋住；使不進(jìn)去keepto遵守；堅(jiān)持keepup維持；保持keepupwith跟上；趕上①Whentheteachercamein,theystillkeptontalking.②Nothingcankeephimfromcarryingout（實(shí)施）theplan.③Thebosskepthimworkingallday.④Shetriedtokeepbackhertears.⑤Keepyourhandsoffmydress.⑥Closethedoortokeepthedogout.⑦Wesangsongstokeepupourspiritswhenweweremarching（行進(jìn)）.⑧Wemustkeepupwiththedevelopmentofthesociety.12.glancevi.看一下；掃視n.一瞥glanceat向……一瞥（強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作）glancethrough/over瀏覽glanceround掃視atfirstglance/sight乍看一下ata(single)glance（只）看一眼；一眼；立刻take/giveaglance(at)看一下①Heglancedattheenvelope（信封）andrecognizehisuncle’shandwriting.②Heglancedthrough/overthenewspaper.③Sheglancedroundtheroombeforesheleft.④Atfirstglancetheproblemseemedveryeasy.⑤Canwejusttakeaglanceatsomeofyourproducts（產(chǎn)品）?擴(kuò)展：表示“看”的短語stareat瞪著眼注視glareat怒目而視gazeat（長(zhǎng)時(shí)間無意識(shí)）凝視glimpseat（無意識(shí)）瞥見13.onthewhole大體上；基本上ingeneral總的來說；大體上asawhole整個(gè)來看；總體上；作為一個(gè)整體①Ouropinionsareonthewholethesame.②Ianalyzedhiswordsasawhole.③Ingeneral,ourcarsarereliable.14.averageadj.平均的n.平均（數(shù)）；普通水平anaverageof………的平均數(shù)above/upto/below(the)average高于/達(dá)到/低于平均數(shù)on(the)average按平均數(shù)計(jì)算；一般地講①Anaverageoftwostudentsisabsenteachday.②Tom’sworkatschoolisabove(the)average.③Thoughheworkshard,hismarks（分?jǐn)?shù)）arestillbelowtheaverage.④Onaverage,over8000peoplecometoZhouzhuangaday.15.existencen.生存；存在bring…intoexistence使產(chǎn)生；使形成comeintoexistence開始存在；形成；成立inexistence實(shí)際存在的；現(xiàn)存的；現(xiàn)有的①Thecompanycameintoexistencein1918.=Thecompanywasbroughtintoexistencein1918.②Theelephantisthelargestlandanimal（陸上動(dòng)物）inexistence.16.onbehalfof代表……一方；作為……的代言人representvt.代表（某人、某團(tuán)體）①OnbehalfoftheschoolIwouldliketothankyouall.②Hewasrepresentedinthecourt（法庭）byafamouslawyer.17.putupwith容忍；忍受putforward提出putup掛起；張貼；舉起；抬起；建造；留宿putaway放好；收起來putaside把……放在一邊；儲(chǔ)存puton穿上；戴上；上演putin添上；把……寫進(jìn)（信函、故事等）putout撲滅；熄滅putoff推遲putdown把……放下；寫下；撲滅；平息①I’mnotgoingtoputupwiththeirsmokinganylonger.②Shewashedthecupsandputthemaway.③Heputupapictureonthewall.④Sheputasidealotofmoneyforherretirement（退休）.⑤LetmeputdownyourtelephonenumberincaseIforgetin.⑥Tomdecidedtoputinanewcharacter（人物）inhisstory.18.solongas只要as/solongas“只要”;還可意為“與……一樣長(zhǎng)，長(zhǎng)達(dá)……”。solongas只能用于否定句，aslongas既能用于肯定句，也能用于否定句。表示“只要”的表達(dá)法：onconditionthat…；provided/providingthat…；suppose/supposingthat;onlyif（在句首，主句倒裝）①Solongas/Aslongasyouhaveconfidenceinyourself,you’llwin.②--Ourholidaycostalotofmoney.--Didit?Well,thatdoesn’tmatteraslongasyouenjoyedyourselves.19.circumstancen.環(huán)境；情況under/inthecircumstances在這種情況下undernocircumstances決不（位于句首，句子用部分倒裝）①Under/Inthecircumstanceshefeltunabletoacceptthejob.②Undernocircumstancesshouldyoulendhimanymoney.20.contributionn.貢獻(xiàn)makeacontribution/contributionsto對(duì)……作出貢獻(xiàn)contributev.捐助；捐獻(xiàn)；投稿contributeto有助于；促進(jìn)；導(dǎo)致contribute…to…向……捐款；向……投稿①Thedoctormakesagreatcontributiontothepublichealth.②Plentyoffreshaircontributestogoodhealth.③Manypeoplecontributedmoneytothepoorchild,whichcontributedtohisreturningtoschool.Awriterwroteastoryaboutitandcontributedittoanewspaper.必會(huì)重點(diǎn)句型狀語從句的省略省略成分：從句主語+be適用從句：時(shí)間、條件、讓步等狀語從句省略條件：主從句主語一致且從句謂語為be,或從句主語是it,且從句謂語含be同位語從句的用法與名詞的關(guān)系：同位關(guān)系功能：對(duì)名詞（多為抽象名詞）進(jìn)行解釋說明引導(dǎo)詞：that,what,which,who,when,whe