江蘇省高郵市2022屆高三上學(xué)期期初學(xué)情調(diào)研英語試題WORD版含解析

高郵市2022屆高三上學(xué)期期初學(xué)情調(diào)研英語試題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)（共5小題,每小題1.5分；滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有15秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whydoesthemanneedamap?A.Tofindarestaurant.B.TotourManchester.C.TolearnaboutChina.2.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodoforvacation?A.Learntosnowboard.B.TraveltoColorado.C.Gotothebeach.3.Whatwillthemanprobablydo?A.Refusetheoffer.B.Takethejob.C.Changetheworkinghours.4.WhatdoesthewomansayaboutJohn?A.Hewon’twaitforher.B.Hewon’tbeontimefordinner.C.Hewon’tcomehometoday.5.Whatwillthespeakersprobablydonext?A.Gohomeandrest.B.Ordersomeboxes.C.Continueworking.第二節(jié)（共15小題,每小題1.5分；滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白，每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷相應(yīng)位置，聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘，聽完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時間，每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6至7題。6.Howdoesthewomanusuallygotowork?A.Bybus.B.Bycar.C.Bytrain.7.Whatdothespeakersagreeabouttakingthetrain?A.Itissafer.B.Itischeaper.C.Itisfaster.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Saveupforthecar.B.Asksomeonetocheckthecar.C.Gotoanothercardealer.9.Whatisthesalesmangoingtodo?A.Askforcashpayment.B.Sticktoahighprice.C.Giveadiscount.10.Howwillthemanhelpthewoman?A.Lendmoneytoher.B.Takecareofhercar.C.Drivehercarhome.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthelivingexpensesinthecity?A.Veryhigh.B.JustOkay.C.Fairlylow.12.Whatdoesthewomanspendmoston?A.Trains.B.Meals.C.Clothes.13.Whatdoesthewomandoinherfreetime?A.Travelaround.B.Seefilms.C.Goforadrink.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.WhatwillRebeccadoonJune12?A.MeetthepeoplefromHeadOffice.B.Organizeatradeexhibition.C.Goonabusinesstrip.15.WhatisJohnpreparingforthemeeting?A.Aspeech.B.Atimetable.C.Areport.16.Whendothespeakersdecidetohavethemeeting?A.OnJune3.B.OnJune17.C.OnJune10.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatdidthespeakerdecidetodoafterlunchthatday?A.Drivehomeintherain.B.Staytohelpherfriend.C.Waitfortheraintostop.18.Whatcanwelearnaboutthespeakerthen?A.Sheworkedatahotel.B.Shehadboughtanewcar.C.Shewashavingababysoon.19.Wheredidthespeakermeetthetaxipassenger?A.Infrontofahotel.B.Atacrossroads.C.Besideacarpark.20.Whatdoesthespeakertalkabout?A.Awell-knownshortstory.B.Anunforgettableexperience.C.Anexcitinglunchparty.第二部分閱讀理解（共二節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下面短文,從短文后所給各題的四個選項A、B、C、D中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ADivewithBigSharksOursharkdiveadventuresmakeuseofhookahsystemsandsharkcages.Ahookahsystemisasystemofprovidingairfromthesurfacetodiversdownbelow.Cagediversbreathebyusingaregulatorconnectedtoanairhose.IsSharkDivingDangerous?Yes.Youcouldgetsunburnt.Youcouldhityourheadonthetopbunkgettingoutofbed.Youcouldfalloverboard.Asforasharkattack,accordingtotheInternationalSharkAttackFile,youarefarmorelikelytobekilledbyadogoradeer.Pricing&DetailsOnedayCageDiverAdventure$875OurexpertsharkdiverteamwillaccompanyyoutothebestviewingareaswithintheMarineSanctuary.There,we'lldropourcageandpreparetoprovideyouwithaviewyou'llneverforget.Nodiveexperienceisnecessary.Ourcagessitjustbelowthesurface.You'llbeabletobreathecomfortablyfromyoursnorkelorairhosewhileyoumoveaboutthecage,takingphotosandhavingfun.TopSharkAdventure$375Ifyouwanttoseegreatwhitesharksbutpreferthemalittlefurtheraway,weoffergreattop-sidesharkviewingfromourobservationdeck(甲板).Helpscanthehorizonforfinsandwatchforsharksattackingtheirprey(獵物).ImportantNoteThere'sNoSharkGuaranteeAlthoughwegotothebestplacesatthebesttimeofyear,wecannotguaranteeyou'llseesharks.We'vebeenverysuccessfulinpastsharkseasonsandexpectanotherincredibleyear.However,ifweseenosharks,thereisnorefund(退款).1.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutthetwoadventures?___________.A.TopSharkAdventuremakesuseofhookahsystems.B.CageDiverAdventureoffersyouaviewofthebottomofthesea.C.CageDiverAdventureislessinterestingthantheother.D.TopSharkAdventureissuitableforthoseworriedaboutdanger.2.Wecanlearnfromtheadvertisementthattheremightbeariskthat____________.A.youfailtoachieveyourpurposeofthetrip B.youareoutofbreathdeepdownintheseaC.youarehurtbyasharkwhiledivingthere D.yousufferfromlackofskillinsharkdiving3.Itcanbeinferredfromtheadvertisementthatsharkdivingis____________.A.difficultbutexciting B.challengingandtiringC.amazingandenjoyable D.expensivebutpopular【答案】1.D2.A3.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了鯊魚潛水探險的價格、優(yōu)勢和注意事項等?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TopSharkAdventure$375中的“Ifyouwanttoseegreatwhitesharksbutpreferthemalittlefurtheraway,weoffergreattop-sidesharkviewingfromourobservationdeck(甲板).(如果你想看大鯊魚但是又想離鯊魚遠(yuǎn)一點的話，我們會提供從我們的觀景臺上看頂端的鯊魚)”可知，opSharkAdventure適合那些擔(dān)心危險的人。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Althoughwegotothebestplacesatthebesttimeofyear,wecannotguaranteeyou'llseesharks.(雖然我們在最后的季節(jié)去的是最佳的看鯊魚的地方，但是我們不能保證一定會看到鯊魚)”，可知，不一定能百分百看到鯊魚，即有可能達不到想看鯊魚的目的。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)OnedayCageDiverAdventure$875中的“There,we'lldropourcageandpreparetoprovideyouwithaviewyou'llneverforget.(在這里，放下我們的籠子，準(zhǔn)備為你們提供一個永生難忘的風(fēng)景)”以及“You'llbeabletobreathecomfortablyfromyoursnorkelorairhosewhileyoumoveaboutthecage,takingphotosandhavingfun.(當(dāng)你移動籠子時，你可以通過呼吸管或空氣軟管舒服地呼吸，拍照并開心的玩耍)”可知，這份體驗是奇異難忘并且充滿趣味性故選C。BThebeachmayseemlikeaninvitingplacetorunonacoolsummermorning,butisrunningonthesandgoodforyourbody?Itcanbe,butit’simportanttobeawareofthechallengesthatsomebeachrunnersexperiencebeforeyougetready.Runningonthebeachcanbeagoodthing.It’scertainlydifferentfromrunningonatrackorapavement.Forstarters,sandcanbeachallengebecauseithasanuneven(不平坦的)surface.Asyoupushoff,you’regoingtolosesomeofyourpushasthesandmoves.So,you’renotgoingtobeabletopushyourselfforwardasyouwouldonatrackorapavement.Butthisunevennesshasanupside:Itgivesyourbodyanextraworkout,forcingyoutoexercisemusclesthatdon’tgetasmuchuseduringrunsonfirmsurfaces.Forexample,yourfeet,anklesandlowerbackmightfeelsorerandmoretiredthanusualafterabeachrunjustbecausethesurfaceisconstantlymovingandchangingsteptostep.Youalsomightfeelsoreafterwardbecausebeachestendtoslope(傾斜)downtothewater.Ifyou’regoingforalongrunonthebeach,youmightnoticethatonesideofyourbodymightfeelsorerbecauseyou’reputtingmorepressureonitduetotheslope.Somebeachrunnersprefertorunbarefoot—notwearinganythingonfeet.However,ifyou’renotusedtobarefootrunning,startslowlyanddon’trunlongdistancesatfirst.That’sbecauserunningbarefootusesmoredifferentmusclesthanrunningwithshoesdoes,andit’simportanttostrengthenthesemusclesandadaptyourfeet.Ifyouwanttorunbarefootandaslongasyouruncarefullyenoughintoit,goforit!Runningonthesandcanbeasmartchoiceforyou,becauserunningonsoftergroundsurfacescanreducemuscledamage.4.Whyisitdifficulttorunonthebeachforstarters?A.Thesoftsurfacemakespeoplefallovereasily.B.Peopleneedtoruncarefullyonitssmoothsurface.C.Runningonitsunevensurfacetakesmucheffort.D.It’shardtokeepone’sbalanceonitshardsurface.5.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“upside”underlinedinParagraph2?A.Advantage. B.Reason.C.Character. D.Challenge.6.What’stheauthor’sattitudetobarefootrunning?A.Critical. B.Supportive. C.Doubtful. D.Uncaring.7.Thepassagecanprobablybefoundin______.A.Aprimaryschooltextbook B.AtouristguideC.Asportsmagazine D.Ascientificreport【答案】4.C5.A6.B7.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了沙灘跑步的優(yōu)缺點，并給初學(xué)者提出了一些有用的建議和注意事項。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Forstarters,sandcanbeachallengebecauseithasanunevensurface.Asyoupushoff,you’regoingtolosesomeofyourpushasthesandmoves.So,you’renotgoingtobeabletopushyourselfforwardasyouwouldonatrackorapavement.（對于初學(xué)者來說，沙子是個挑戰(zhàn)，因為它的表面不平整。當(dāng)你推的時候，沙子移動的時候，你會失去一些推力。所以，你不可能像在跑道或人行道上那樣推動自己前進。）可知剛開始在沙灘上跑步很困難，因為在凹凸不平的沙灘上跑步需要付出很大的努力。故選C?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)下文Itgivesyourbodyanextraworkout,forcingyoutoexercisemusclesthatdon’tgetasmuchuseduringrunsonfirmsurfaces.它給你的身體一個額外的鍛煉，迫使你去鍛煉那些在堅實的表面上跑步時不能得到充分利用的肌肉?？芍窃谡f明在海灘上跑步產(chǎn)生的不平衡的好處優(yōu)勢，故劃線單詞意思為“優(yōu)點”，故選A。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中Ifyouwanttorunbarefootandaslongasyouruncarefullyenoughintoit,goforit!（如果你想赤腳跑步，只要你足夠小心地跑，就去吧!）可知作者對赤腳跑步的態(tài)度是支持的。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Thebeachmayseemlikeaninvitingplacetorunonacoolsummermorning,butisrunningonthesandgoodforyourbody?Itcanbe,butit’simportanttobeawareofthechallengesthatsomebeachrunnersexperiencebeforeyougetready.（在涼爽夏日早晨，海灘似乎是一個跑步的好地方，但是在沙灘上跑步對你的身體有好處嗎?可能是這樣，但是在你準(zhǔn)備好之前要意識到一些海灘跑步者所經(jīng)歷的挑戰(zhàn)是很重要的。）以及文章主要內(nèi)容圍繞著沙灘跑步展開，故文章最有可能來自體育雜志。故選C?！军c睛】文章出處類推理判斷題。做這類題重要的是要抓住文章的內(nèi)容或結(jié)構(gòu)特征，這是推理判斷的前提和基礎(chǔ)。如報紙，前面會出現(xiàn)日期、地點、通訊社名稱等；廣告，其格式特殊，容易辨認(rèn)；產(chǎn)品說明、器皿設(shè)備的使用說明有產(chǎn)品名稱或操作方法，而藥品的服用說明會告知服用時間、次數(shù)和藥量等。如第四小題，根據(jù)第一段Thebeachmayseemlikeaninvitingplacetorunonacoolsummermorning,butisrunningonthesandgoodforyourbody?Itcanbe,butit’simportanttobeawareofthechallengesthatsomebeachrunnersexperiencebeforeyougetready.（在涼爽的夏日早晨，海灘似乎是一個跑步的好地方，但是在沙灘上跑步對你的身體有好處嗎?可能是這樣，但是在你準(zhǔn)備好之前要意識到一些海灘跑步者所經(jīng)歷的挑戰(zhàn)是很重要的。）以及文章主要內(nèi)容圍繞著沙灘跑步展開，故文章最有可能來自體育雜志。故選C。CTheGatausedtolookannoyedwhentheyreceivedpowerbillsthatroutinelytopped$200.LastSeptemberthecouplemovedintoa1,500-square-foothomeinPremierGardens,anareaof95“zero-energyhomes”(ZEH)justoutsidetown.Nowthey'reactuallyeagertoseetheirelectricitybills.Thegrandtotaloverthe10monthsthey'velivedinthethree-bedroomhouse:$75.Forthepasttwomonths,theyhaven’tpaidacent.ZEHcommunitiesaretheleadingedgeoftechnologiesthatmightsomedaycreatehousesthatproduceasmuchenergyastheyconsume.PremierGardensisoneofahalf-dozensubdivisions(住宅開發(fā)項目)inCaliforniawhereeveryhomecutspowerconsumptionby50%,mostlybyusinglowpowerappliancesandsolarpanels.Asidefromthepanelsontheroof,PremierGardenslookslikeacommunityoftraditionalhomes.Butinside,specialwindowscutpowerbillsbyblockingsolarheatinsummerandkeepingindoorwarmthwinter.Therestoftheenergysavingscomesfromthesolarunits.Theydon'tjustfeedthehometheyserve.Iftheygeneratemorepowerthanthehomeisusing,theexcessflowsintotheutility'spowergrid(電網(wǎng)).Theresidentsarebilledby“netmetering”:theypayfortheamountofpowerthattheygetfromthegrid,minusthekilowatts(千瓦)theyfeedintoit.Ifahomegeneratesmorepowerthanituses,thebilliszero.Thatsoundslikeabaddealforthepowercompany,butit'snot.Solarhomesproducethemostpoweronthehotsunnyafternoonswheneveryonerusheshometoturnuptheairconditioner."Ithelpsuslowerusageatpeakpowertimes,"sayssolarexpertMikeKeesee.“Thatletsusavoidbuildingcostlyplantsorbuyingexpensivepoweratpeakusagetime.”What’snottolike?Mostlythecosts.Thespecialfeaturescanadd$25,000ormoretothepurchasepriceofahouse.Taxbreaksbringthecostdown,especiallyinCalifornia,butinmanystatesZEHscanbeextremelyexpensive.Fortheconsumer,it'samatterofpayingnowforthehardwaretosavelateronthepowerbill.8.WhyistheGataeagertoseetheirelectricitybillsnow?A.Theywanttocutdowntheirutility'expenses.B.Theywanttoknowiftheyareabletopay.C.Theywanttoseehowmuchtheyhavesaved.D.Theywanttoavoidbeingovercharged.9.WhatisspecialabouttheZEHcommunities?A.Theyarebuiltinharmonywiththeenvironment.B.Theyhavecreatedcuttingedgetechnologies.C.Theyaresubdividedintohalfadozensections.D.Theyaimtobeindependentinpowersupply.10.Whatdoesthe"netmetering"practicemeantothepowercompany?A.Morepressureatpeaktime B.Reducedoperationalcosts.C.Increasedelectricityoutput. D.Lessprofitsintheshortterm.11.TheauthorbelievesthatbuyingahouseinaZEHcommunity__________.A.isaworthyinvestmentinthelongrun B.isbutadreamforaverageconsumersC.givestheownergreattaxbenefits D.contributestoenvironmentalprotection【答案】8.C9.D10.B11.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了ZEH社區(qū)的特別之處和發(fā)展前景?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“TheGatausedtolookannoyedwhentheyreceivedpowerbillsthatroutinelytopped$200.（過去，當(dāng)Gata夫婦收到通常超過200美元的電費賬單時，他們看起來很惱火。）”以及后文“Thegrandtotaloverthe10monthsthey'velivedinthethree-bedroomhouse:$75.Forthepasttwomonths,theyhaven’tpaidacent.（他們在這所三居室房子里住了10個月，總共花了75美元。過去兩個月，他們一分錢都沒付。）”可知，Gata夫婦現(xiàn)在急于看到他們的電費賬單想知道他們節(jié)省了多少錢。故選C。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Butinside,specialwindowscutpowerbillsbyblockingsolarheatinsummerandkeepingindoorwarmthwinter.（但在室內(nèi)，特殊的窗戶在夏天阻擋太陽熱量，在冬天保持室內(nèi)溫暖，從而節(jié)省了電費。）”可推斷，ZEH社區(qū)特別之處在于他們的目標(biāo)是在電力供應(yīng)方面獨立。故選D。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Taxbreaksbringthecostdown,especiallyinCalifornia,butinmanystatesZEHscanbeextremelyexpensive.（稅收減免降低了成本，尤其是在加州，但在許多州ZEH可能非常昂貴。）”可知，“電網(wǎng)計量”可使電力公司降低運營成本。故選B?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Fortheconsumer,it'samatterofpayingnowforthehardwaretosavelateronthepowerbill.（對于消費者來說，現(xiàn)在花錢買硬件就可以省下以后的電費。）”可推斷，作者認(rèn)為，從長遠(yuǎn)來看，在ZEH社區(qū)買房是一項值得的投資。故選A。DWe'veallhearditbefore：tobesuccessful,getoutofbedearly.Afterall,AppleCEOTimCookgetsupat3：45am,FiatCEOSergioMarchionneat3：30amandRichardBransonat5：45am﹣and,asweallknow,"theearlybird'scatchestheworm."Butjustbecausesomesuccessfulpeoplewakeupearly,doesthatmeanit'satraitmostofthemshare？Andiftheideaofhavingexercised,plannedyourday,eatenbreakfast,visualizedanddoneonetaskbefore8ammakesyouwanttorolloverandhitsnoozetillnextSaturday,areyoureallydoomedtoalesssuccessfullife？Forabouthalfofus,thisisn'treallyanissue.It'sestimatedthatsome50%ofthepopulationisn'treallymorningorevening﹣oriented,butsomewhereinthemiddle.Roughlyoneinfourofus,though,tendmoretowardbright﹣eyedearlyrisers,andanotheroneinfourarenightowls.Forthem,theeffectscangobeyondfallingasleepinfrontoftheTVat10pmorbeingregularlylateforwork.Numerousstudieshavefoundthatmorningpeoplearemoreself﹣directedandagreeable.Andcomparedtonightowls,theyplanforthefuturemoreandhaveabettersenseofwell﹣being.Althoughmorningtypesmayachievemoreacademically,nightowlstendtoperformbetteronmeasuresofmemory,processingspeedandcognitive（認(rèn)知）ability,evenwhentheyhavetoperformthosetasksinthemorning.Night﹣timepeoplearealsomoreopenandmorecreative.Andonestudyshowsthatnightowlsareashealthyandwiseasmorningtypes﹣andalittlebitwealthier.StillthinkthemorningpeoplesoundmorelikeCEOmaterial？Don'tsetyouralarmfor5amJustyet.Asitturnsout,overhauling（全面改革）yoursleeptimemaynothavemucheffect"Ifpeoplearelefttotheirnaturallypreferredtime,theyfeelmuchbetter.Theysaythattheyaremuchmoreproductive.Thementalcapacitytheyhaveismuchbroader,"saysOxfordUniversitybiologistKatharinaWulff.Ontheotherhand,shesays,pushingpeopletoofaroutoftheirnaturalpreferencecanbeharmful.Whentheywakeearly,forexample,nightowlsarestillproducingmelatonin（褪黑素）."Thenyoudisruptitandpushthebodytobeinthedaytimemode.Thatcanhavelotsofnegativephysiologicalconsequence."Wulffsays,likeadifferentsensitivitytoinsulinandglucose（葡萄糖）whichcancauseweightgain.12.Whatdoestheauthordointhefirstthreeparagraph？A.raisingtheproblem→analyzingtheproblem→solvingtheproblemB.leadinginthetopic→challengingaviewpoint→discussingaboutthetopicC.presentingaviewpoint→providingsupportingproofs→makingaconclusionD.introducingaviewpoint→raisingthequestion→presentingauthor'sviewpoint13.Whatcanweknowfromthe4thand5thparagraph？A.Morningtypestendtohavecleargoalsandbettermood.B.Tobeatnight﹣timepeopleaskthemtodomathcalculationinthemorning.C.Nightowlstendtosacrificetheirhealthfortheirwealth.D.Neithernightowlsnormorningpersonsperformbetterthanthemiddleones.14.WhichofthefollowingdoesKatharinaWulffsupport？A.Don'tfallsleepinfrontoftheTV.B.Avoidbeingregularlylateforwork.C.Stopsettingyouralarmfor5am.D.Betternotoverhaulyoursleeptime.15.Whydoestheauthorwritethisarticle？A.Toexplainwhysomepeoplearemoresuccessful.BTocomparethedifferencesbetweenearlyrisersandnightowls.C.Toadvisepeopletogetupneithertooearlynortoolate.D.ToargueagainstthisviewthattheCarlybirdcatchestheworm.【答案】12.B13.A14.D15.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇議論文。文章圍繞早起的好壞展開論述，最后得出的結(jié)論是強行讓人們偏離自己天生喜好的作息時間太多可能是有害的，反駁了“早起的鳥兒有蟲吃這種說法”。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。第一段，作者用大家所知的俗語“早起的鳥兒有蟲吃”來引入話題（leadinginthetopic）；第二段用兩個問句提出質(zhì)疑（challengingtheviewpoint）；第三段，作者對這個話題進行更深入的討論（discussingthetopic）?？芍髡咴谇叭问且龑?dǎo)話題→挑戰(zhàn)觀點→討論話題。故選B?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段Numerousstudieshavefoundthatmorningpeoplearemoreself-directedandagreeable.Andcomparedtonightowls,theyplanforthefuturemoreandhaveabettersenseofwell-being.可知，許多研究已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)早起的人更自我導(dǎo)向和愉快。與夜貓子相比，他們計劃未來更多，有一個更好的感覺；根據(jù)第五段中Night-timepeoplearealsomoreopenandmorecreative.可知，夜貓子思想更開朗，更有創(chuàng)造力。綜上可推知，早起型的人往往有明確的目標(biāo)和更好的心情。故選A?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段Ontheotherhand,shesays,pushingpeopletoofaroutoftheirnaturalpreferencecanbeharmful.可知，KatharinaWulff認(rèn)為強行讓人們偏離自己的天生喜好的作息時間太多可能是有害的，所以最好不要全面改變你的睡眠時間。故選D?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。本文一直在圍繞早起的好壞進行論述，最后得出的結(jié)論是一味強調(diào)早起是不好的，強行讓人們偏離自己天生喜好的作息時間太多可能是有害的，即反駁了文章開頭提到的“早起的鳥兒有蟲吃?！惫蔬xD。【點睛】推理判斷試題屬于高層次閱讀理解題。這種題型包括判斷題和推理題。這兩類題常常相互依存，推理是為了得出正確的判斷，正確的判斷又依賴于合乎邏輯的推理。做好該題型要從整體上把握語篇內(nèi)容，在語篇的表面意義與隱含意義、已知信息與未知信息間架起橋梁，透過字里行間，去體會作者的“弦外之音”。推理判斷題常?？梢苑譃槿缦聨最悾海?）細(xì)節(jié)推斷。如時間、地點、人物關(guān)系等；（2）邏輯推斷。根據(jù)已知的結(jié)果推斷導(dǎo)致結(jié)果產(chǎn)生的可能原因；（3）目的、意圖、態(tài)度推斷。根據(jù)文章的論述，推斷作者的寫作目的以及作者情感態(tài)度；（4）預(yù)測想象推斷。文章沒有明確說明，要求根據(jù)語篇對文章可能涉及的內(nèi)容進行預(yù)測判斷。（5）預(yù)測文章出處。根據(jù)文章主旨判斷出文章可能出自什么地方。本文的第2小題和第3小題屬于預(yù)測想象推斷，第4小題屬于目的、意圖、態(tài)度推斷。第二節(jié)七選五（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Failureisprobablythemostexhaustingexperienceoneeverhas.Thereisnothingmoretiringthannotsucceeding.Weexperiencethistirednessintwoways:start-upfatigue(疲憊)andperformancefatigue.Intheformercase,wekeepputtingoffataskbecauseitiseithertooboringortoodifficult.___16___Suchstart-upfatigueisveryreal,evenifnotactuallyphysical.Thesolutionisobviousthoughperhapsnoteasytoapply:alwayshandlethemostdifficultjobfirst.___17___Usingmyownrule,Ideterminedtowritetheminalphabetical(字母)orderandIalwaysstartedtheday'sworkwiththedifficulttaskofessay-writing.Experienceprovedthattheruleworks.___18___Itsdifficultiesappearsogreatthatwefailagainandagain.Insuchasituation,IworkashardasIcanandthenlettheunconscioustakeover.WhenplanningEncyclopediaBritannica,Ihadtocreateatableofcontents.Nothinglikethishadeverbeendonebeforesothatmyfatiguebecamealmostunbearable.Itriedtoconvincemyselfthatthetroublewaswiththeproblemitself,notwithme.___19___Anhourlater,Iwokeupsuddenlywiththesolutionwhichhadcomeupinmyunconsciousmindandprovedcorrectateverystep.___20___Successwasnowasexcitingasfailurehadbeendepressing.Humanbeings,Ibelieve,musttrytosucceed.Success,then,meansneverfeelingtired.A.Feelingrelieved,Isatbackinaneasychairandfellasleep.B.HardasIworkedasbefore,lfeltnofatigue.C.Thisfeelingfinallyweighedmedown.D.Performancefatigueismoredifficulttohandle.E.Andthelongerwedelayit,themoretiredwefeel.F.Irackedmybrainsdayandnightandwrotetheessaysdesperately.G.Ioncewasaskedtowritequitealotofessaysonsomefamousauthors.【答案】16.E17.G18.D19.A20.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。失敗可能是人一生中最令人疲憊的經(jīng)歷，文章介紹了通過兩種方式體驗這種疲憊：啟動疲憊和性能疲憊，表達了人們需要通過努力獲得成功的觀點?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Weexperiencethistirednessintwoways:start-upfatigue(疲憊)andperformancefatigue.Intheformercase,wekeepputtingoffataskbecauseitiseithertooboringortoodifficult.(我們通過兩種方式體驗這種疲憊：啟動疲憊和性能疲憊。在前一種情況下，我們總是推遲任務(wù)，因為它要么太無聊，要么太難)”可知，推遲任務(wù)會使人感到疲憊。E選項“Andthelongerwedelayit,themoretiredwefeel.(我們拖得越久，就越累)”符合題意，故選E。【17題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Usingmyownrule,Ideterminedtowritetheminalphabetical(字母)orderandIalwaysstartedtheday'sworkwiththedifficulttaskofessay-writing.(根據(jù)我自己的規(guī)則，我決定按照字母順序把它們寫下來，我總是以作文這一艱巨的任務(wù)開始一天的工作)”可知，本句是對上文總是先處理最困難的工作這一方法進行舉例。G選項“Ioncewasaskedtowritequitealotofessaysonsomefamousauthors.(我曾經(jīng)被要求寫很多關(guān)于一些著名作家的文章)”符合題意。故選G?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Itsdifficultiesappearsogreatthatwefailagainandagain.Insuchasituation,IworkashardasIcanandthenlettheunconscioustakeover.(它的困難顯得如此之大，以至于我們一次又一次地失敗。在這種情況下，我盡我所能努力工作，然后讓潛意識接管)”可推測，本段講述的是上文提到的另一種體驗疲憊的方法——性能疲憊。D選項“Performancefatigueismoredifficulttohandle.(性能疲憊更難處理)”符合題意，故選D。【19題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Anhourlater,Iwokeupsuddenlywiththesolutionwhichhadcomeupinmyunconsciousmindandprovedcorrectateverystep.(一個小時后，我突然醒來，我的潛意識里出現(xiàn)了解決方案，并證明每一步都是正確的)”可知，作者改變想法后去休息了。A選項“Feelingrelieved,Isatbackinaneasychairandfellasleep.(我感到如釋重負(fù)，靠在一張安樂椅上睡著了)”符合題意，故選A?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Success,then,meansneverfeelingtired.(因此，成功意味著永不疲倦)”可知，最后一段進行總結(jié)，表達了作者成功擺脫了疲憊后的感悟。B選項“HardasIworkedasbefore,lfeltnofatigue.(雖然我和以前一樣努力工作，但我并不感到疲憊)”符合題意，故選B。第三部分語言知識運用（共三節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）請認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。JaydenSutton,ahighschoolsenior,didapart-timejobatarestaurantonweekends.Afterhis___21___,whichusuallylastedbetweensixtoeighthours,hewalkedhome,sometimesnotarrivingbackuntilmidnight.Suttonwas____22____tomakeenoughmoneytoeventuallybuyhisown___23___,ashismotherwasrecentlylaidoff.Thatall___24___whenLavondaWrightMyerssawhimwalkingdowntheroadintheraininDecember."Theyoungmanwaswalkingtowork___25___,saying‘Ican’tbelate’,”Myerssaid.Myers____26____hewasherson’sclassmate.SuttonaskedMyersifshecouldgivehima___27___.Myerstoldhimshecouldtakehimasfarasshewasgoing.Shebegantocreatesmalltalkalongtheway.AfterdroppingSuttonoff,Myerssaidhisdetermination___28___her.Astimewenton,Myersfeltthatsheneededtotakemattersintoherownhandsand___29___theteenager.“Hewasingoodspiritsandhe’sachildworth___30___,”shesaid.So,Myers___31___Sutton’sstoryonaGoFundMepage,whichraisedmorethan$9.000from186donors.Then,shemanagedto___32___thegeneralmanagerofaHondadealershiptodropthepriceofthevehicletomeetthe___33___.Myers’actofkindness___34___Sutton’smindhecouldn’tbelieveit!MyersdocumentedthemomentshegaveSuttonhisnewvehicleonFacebook.Sutton’smotherwasvery___35___forthishereyeswerewetwithtearswhenseeingthenewcar.21.A.ceremony B.hike C.class D.shift22.A.satisfied B.determined C.annoyed D.ashamed23.A.food B.apartment C.vehicle D.bike24.A.changed B.repeated C.failed D.happened25.A.bymistake B.inarush C.ataloss D.withease26A.argued B.expected C.recognized D.accepted27.A.ride B.message C.tip D.job28.A.scared B.reminded C.confused D.struck29.A.raise B.assist C.save D.invite30.A.visiting B.following C.congratulating D.blessing31.A.posted B.copied C.read D.swapped32.A.train B.allow C.hire D.convince33.A.deadline B.profit C.budget D.discount34.A.cleared B.blew C.slipped D.turned35.A.grateful B.eager C.responsible D.desperate【答案】21.D22.B23.C24.A25.B26.C27.A28.D29.B30.D31.A32.D33.C34.B35.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。主要介紹的是高中生薩頓在其同學(xué)母親Myers的幫助下實現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的故事?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他的輪班通常持續(xù)6到8個小時，下班后，他步行回家。A.ceremony儀式；B.hike徒步旅行；C.class班級；D.shift輪班。根據(jù)后句“…whichusuallylastedbetweensixtoeighthours,hewalkedhome”通常持續(xù)6到8個小時，他走回家?？芍窃谒啺嘀螅丶?。故選D項?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：薩頓的母親最近失業(yè)了，他決定賺足夠的錢最終買一輛自己的車。A.satisfied滿意的；B.determined下定決心的；C.annoyed煩惱的；D.ashamed羞愧的。根據(jù)后文“AfterdroppingSuttonoff,Myerssaidhisdetermination8her.”邁爾斯把薩頓送下車后說，他的決心打動了她?？芍髡呤窍露Q心去買輛車。故選B項?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意見上題，A.food食物；B.apartment公寓；C.vehicle車輛；D.bike自行車。根據(jù)后文“MyersdocumentedthemomentshegaveSuttonhisnewvehicleonFacebook.”邁爾斯在Facebook上記錄了她把新車交給薩頓的那一刻。原詞重現(xiàn)，可知作者想買車。故選C項?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：12月，當(dāng)拉旺達·賴特·邁爾斯(LavondaWrightMyers)看到他在雨中走在路上時，一切都改變了。A.changed改變；B.repeated重復(fù)；C.failed失敗；D.happened發(fā)生。根據(jù)第二段的整體大意，Myer遇見了Sutton并且聽了他的故事，所以事情發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)折，因此這里是一切發(fā)生了改變。故選A項?！?5題詳解】考查介詞短語詞義辨析。句意：“那個年輕人匆匆忙忙地走在上班的路上，說我不能遲到。A.bymistake錯誤地；B.inarush匆忙地；C.ataloss困惑地；D.withease熟練的。根據(jù)后句“Ican’tbelate”我不能遲到?？芍莻€年輕人匆匆忙忙地走在上班的路上。故選B項。【26題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：邁爾斯認(rèn)出他是她兒子的同學(xué)。A.argued爭論；B.expected期待；C.recognized認(rèn)識到；D.accepted接受。根據(jù)第一段“JaydenSutton,ahighschoolsenior,didapart-timejobatarestaurantonweekends.”杰登·薩頓是一名高三學(xué)生，周末在一家餐館打工?？芍~爾斯認(rèn)出他是她兒子的同學(xué)。故選C項。【27題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：莎頓問邁爾斯能不能送他一程。A.ride騎行；B.message信息；C.tip建議；D.job工作根據(jù)后句“Myerstoldhimshecouldtakehimasfarasshewasgoing.”邁爾斯告訴他，她可以帶他走到她要去的地方?？芍D問邁爾斯能不能送他一程。givesbaride讓某人搭車。故選A項。【28題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：邁爾斯把薩頓送下車后說，他的決心打動了她。A.scared使害怕；B.reminded提醒；C.confused使困惑；D.struck打動。根據(jù)后句“Astimewenton,Myersfeltthatsheneededtotakemattersintoherownhandsand9theteenager.”在美國，邁爾斯覺得她要自己（幫助男孩）解決問題，幫助這個少年。可知男孩的事情打動了Myer。故選D項?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在美國，邁爾斯覺得她需要自己解決問題，幫助這個少年。A.raise提高；B.assist幫助；C.save拯救；D.invite邀請。根據(jù)上句“Astimewenton,Myersfeltthatsheneededtotakemattersintoherownhands”在美國，邁爾斯覺得她需要自己解決問題?？芍狹yers想幫助這個少年。故選B項?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他精神很好，是一個值得祝福的孩子。A.visiting拜訪；B.following跟隨；C.congratulating祝賀；D.blessing祝福。根據(jù)后句“whichraisedmorethan$9.000from186donors.”從186名捐贈者那里籌集了9000多美元?？芍狹yers項幫助這個少年，認(rèn)為他是值得祝福的。是故選D項?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，邁爾斯將薩頓的故事發(fā)布在了“資助我”頁面上。A.posted貼出；B.copied復(fù)制；C.read讀；D.swapped調(diào)換。根據(jù)后句“…onaGoFundMepage”可知Myers把邁爾斯將薩頓的故事發(fā)布在網(wǎng)站上。故選A項。【32題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，她設(shè)法說服了本田汽車經(jīng)銷商的總經(jīng)理降低了汽車的價格，以滿足預(yù)算。A.train培訓(xùn)；B.allow允許；C.hire雇用；D.convince說服。根據(jù)后句“MyersdocumentedthemomentshegaveSuttonhisnewvehicleonFacebook”邁爾斯在Facebook上記錄了她把新車交給薩頓的那一刻?？芍O(shè)法說服了本田汽車經(jīng)銷商的總經(jīng)理降低了汽車的價格。故選D項。【33題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意見上題。A.deadli