國(guó)外-教育-WEB20指南2

EngagingDigitalNatives

withWeb2.0JenniferCarrierDormanEducationischanging.Competitionischanginginternationally.Theworkplace,jobs,andskilldemandsarechanging.TheCaseforDigitalLearningTheImplicationsThesechanges,amongothers,areusheringustowardaworldwhereknowledge,power,andproductivecapabilitywillbemoredispersedthanatanytimeinourhistory—aworldwherevaluecreationwillbefast,fluid,andpersistentlydisruptive.Wikinomics:HowMassCollaborationChangesEverythingDonTapscott&AnthonyD.WilliamsDigitalNativesDigitalNativesOurstudentstodayareall“nativespeakers〞ofthedigitallanguageofcomputers,videogames,instantaneouscommunication,andtheInternet.DigitalNatives,DigitalImmigrants–MarcPrenskyTheChallengeOurDigitalImmigrantinstructors,whospeakanoutdatedlanguage(thatofthepre-digitalage),arestrugglingtoteachapopulationthatspeaksanentirelynewlanguageDigitalNativesareusedtoreceivinginformationreallyfast.Theyliketoparallelprocessandmulti-task.Theyprefertheirgraphicsbeforetheirtextratherthantheopposite.LearningProfileofDigitalNativesDigitalNatives,DigitalImmigrants–MarcPrenskyLearningProfileofDigitalNativesTheypreferrandomaccess(likehypertext).Theyfunctionbestwhennetworked.Theythriveoninstantgratificationandfrequentrewards.Theyprefergamesto“serious〞work.DigitalNatives,DigitalImmigrants–MarcPrenskyWeb2.0Web1.0Web2.0WhatisWeb2.0?"It'smadeofpeople.It'snotcontent."JeffJarvis,Buzzmachine"Theinterconnectedweb."AndrewAnker,SixApart"Web2.0isthetwo-waywebwherecontentfindsyou."RonRasmussen,KnowNow"Peopledoingthingstogetherontheweb."MitchellBaker,MozillaFoundation"Web2.0isaboutplatformsthatotherpeoplecanbuildon."RajatPaharia,Bunchball

WhatdoesWeb2.0looklike?WebasaplatformLight-weightwebapplications;explosionincreativityUser-generatedcontentIncreasedaccessibility;numerousmediaformatsSharingandre-mixingCulture;creatingbyassemblyandinterpretationEconomicandeducationalvalueParticipatoryCulturePowerfulLearningEnvironmentsPowerfullearningenvironmentsareusuallydefinedasbeingenvironmentsthatseektodevelopcomplexandhigherordercognitiveskills,deepconceptualunderstandingandmetacognitiveskillssuchastheabilitytoself-regulateone’sownlearningdeCorte1990ParticipatoryCultureAccordingtoarecentstudyfromthePewInternet&AmericanLifeproject(Lenhardt&Madden,2005),morethanone-halfofallteenshavecreatedmediacontent,androughlyone-thirdofteenswhousetheInternethavesharedcontenttheyproduced.ConfrontingtheChallengesofParticipatoryCulture:MediaEducationforthe21stCenturyHenryJenkinsFormsofParticipatoryCultureAffiliations—memberships,formalandinformal,inonlinecommunitiescenteredaroundvariousformsofmediaExpressions—producingnewcreativeforms,suchasdigitalsampling,skinningandmodding,fanvideomaking,fanfictionwriting,zines,mash-upsConfrontingtheChallengesofParticipatoryCulture:MediaEducationforthe21stCenturyHenryJenkinsFormsofParticipatoryCultureCollaborativeProblem-solving—workingtogetherinteams,formalandinformal,tocompletetasksanddevelopnewknowledgeCirculations—ShapingtheflowofmediaConfrontingtheChallengesofParticipatoryCulture:MediaEducationforthe21stCenturyHenryJenkinsBenefitsAgrowingbodyofscholarshipsuggestspotentialbenefitsoftheseformsofparticipatoryculture,including:opportunitiesforpeer-to-peerlearning,achangedattitudetowardintellectualproperty,thediversificationofculturalexpression,thedevelopmentofskillsvaluedinthemodernworkplace,andamoreempoweredconceptionofcitizenship.ConfrontingtheChallengesofParticipatoryCulture:MediaEducationforthe21stCenturyHenryJenkinsImpactonLearningParticipatorycultureshiftsthefocusofliteracyfromoneofindividualexpressiontocommunityinvolvement.Thenewliteraciesalmostallinvolvesocialskillsdevelopedthroughcollaborationandnetworking.Theseskillsbuildonthefoundationoftraditionalliteracy,researchskills,technicalskills,andcriticalanalysisskillstaughtintheclassroom.ConfrontingtheChallengesofParticipatoryCulture:MediaEducationforthe21stCenturyHenryJenkins21stCenturyLiteracies21stCenturyLiteraciesPlay—thecapacitytoexperimentwithone’ssurroundingsasaformofproblem-solvingPerformance—theabilitytoadoptalternativeidentitiesforthepurposeofimprovisationanddiscoverySimulation—theabilitytointerpretandconstructdynamicmodelsofreal-worldprocessesConfrontingtheChallengesofParticipatoryCulture:MediaEducationforthe21stCenturyHenryJenkins21stCenturyLiteraciesAppropriation—theabilitytomeaningfullysampleandremixmediacontentMultitasking—theabilitytoscanone’senvironmentandshiftfocusasneededtosalientdetails.DistributedCognition—theabilitytointeractmeaningfullywithtoolsthatexpandmentalcapacitiesConfrontingtheChallengesofParticipatoryCulture:MediaEducationforthe21stCenturyHenryJenkins21stCenturyLiteraciesCollectiveIntelligence—theabilitytopoolknowledgeandcomparenoteswithotherstowardacommongoalJudgment—theabilitytoevaluatethereliabilityandcredibilityofdifferentinformationsourcesConfrontingtheChallengesofParticipatoryCulture:MediaEducationforthe21stCenturyHenryJenkins21stCenturyLiteraciesTransmediaNavigation—theabilitytofollowtheflowofstoriesandinformationacrossmultiplemodalitiesNetworking—theabilitytosearchfor,synthesize,anddisseminateinformationConfrontingtheChallengesofParticipatoryCulture:MediaEducationforthe21stCenturyHenryJenkins21stCenturyLiteraciesNegotiation—theabilitytotravelacrossdiversecommunities,discerningandrespectingmultipleperspectives,andgraspingandfollowingalternativenormsConfrontingtheChallengesofParticipatoryCulture:MediaEducationforthe21stCenturyHenryJenkinsLearning2.0Learning2.0?Isitpossibletodrawontheactivitiesemergingthroughsocialsoftwaretocreatelearningcommunitieswhichofferyoungpeoplepersonalized,collaborativelearningexperiencessuchasthosethatarealreadyemergingintheworldoutsidetheschoolgates?SocialSoftwareandLearningSomeofthekeyattributesofsocialsoftwareinrelationtoeducationarethatit:

Deliverscommunicationbetweengroups.

Enablescommunicationbetweenmanypeople.

Providesgatheringandsharingresources.Deliverscollaborativecollectingandindexingofinformation.

Allowssyndicationandassistspersonalizationofpriorities.

Hasnewtoolsforknowledgeaggregationandcreationofnewknowledge.

Deliverstomanyplatformsasisappropriatetothecreator,recipientandcontext.

DeliverscommunicationbetweengroupsThereareimplicitmechanismsthatallowinterestgroupstoelectronicallycoalesce–tobeawareofwhateachotheraredoingandtorevieweachothers’actionsandtoallowthoseactionstobenefiteachothermemberofacommunity.

EnablescommunicationbetweenmanypeopleIftheauthorswish,alltheirworkisavailabletotherestofthedigitalworld.Accessisavailabletoexpertandnovicealikeand,infact,socialsoftwareprovidessystemswherebyexpertsandnovicescanworktogether.ProvidesgatheringandsharingresourcesItprovidesameansofgatheringandmakingmaterialavailable.Simpleactslikeputtingholidaysnapshotsonasearchablephotositecangiveothersinsightintothelocation,forinstance;forotherpeoplemakingavailabletheirworkinprogresscanbothinformothersandpromptcriticalfeedback.

DeliverscollaborativecollectingandindexingofinformationNolongerisknowledgelimitedbyhistoricallyconstructedvisionsofcurricula.Therearenewwaysoforganizingandfindingknowledgeobjectsthatareofinteresttoyouandthegroupswithwhomyoushareinterests.Allowssyndicationandassistspersonalizationofpriorities

Therearemechanismstobepassivelyactive.Youcanchoosewhatinformationstreamsyouwanttobekeptinformedaboutandthatinformationwillcometoyouratherthanyouhavingtogoandseekit.Itwillhelpyoubothkeepabreastwithyourco-workers’onlineactivityandthoseotherinformationstreamsyouactuallyprioritize.Hasnewtoolsforknowledgeaggregationandcreationofnewknowledge

ThemassiveuptakeofMP3musicplayersisindicativeofamovetocollectingmaterialfrommanysourcesandaggregatingitforourpersonaluse.Therearealsotoolsthatallowthatcontenttobemodifiedandincorporatedinnewformulations:theconceptofamash-up.Deliverstomanyplatformsasisappropriatetothecreator,recipientandcontext

Creatorsandusersofsocialsoftwaretoolsandcontentknowtheirlivesarenotconstrainedtodesktops,theyusemanymedia:mobilephones;PDAs;MP3playersandgamesconsoles.Theyincreasinglyexpectthatthedigitalpartoftheirlifewillintegratewiththeminthecontextthattheyarein.Supporting21stCenturyLearningCategoriesRSSBlogsPodcastsSocialBookmarkingWikisCollaborativeSynchronousEditingToolsLearningNetworksHarnessingRSSWhatisRSS?Dependingonwhoyoutalkto,RSSstandsforRichSiteSummaryorRealSimpleSyndicationRSSinPlainEnglish://=leelefeverBloglinesBloglinesSaveTime,ReaditYourWay

ViewallyoursubscriptionsbyclickingontheMyFeedstab

ModifydisplaypreferencesinfeedOptions

ViewarticlesbyselectingfromthelinksinyourFeedsfolder

ModifyindividualsubscriptionoptionsusingtheEditfeatureChooseaNotifierforBloglinesalertsViewBloglinesonyourmobiledevice

ReadBloglinesinyourfavoritelanguage

GoogleReaderGoogleReaderStayuptodateGoogleReaderconstantlychecksyourfavoritenewssitesandblogsfornewcontent.SharewithyourfriendsUseGoogleReader'sbuilt-inpublicpagetoeasilyshareinterestingitemswithyourfriendsandfamily.Useitanywhere,forfreeGoogleReaderistotallyfreeandworksinmostmodernbrowsers,withoutanysoftwaretoinstall.SharingFeedswithGoogleReaderNetvibesNetvibesNetvibesisapersonalizedpage–youcannowmodifyeverything:movemodules,addnewRSS/ATOMfeeds,changetheparametersforeachmodule,etc.Yourmodificationsaresavedinreal-timeandyou'llfindyourpagewhenyougetbackonNetvibes.Ifyouwanttobeabletoaccessyourpagefromanycomputer,youcansigninwithyouremailandapassword.NetvibesNetVibescanpullcontentfrom:RSSorwebfeedsPodcastsCalendarsWidgetandapplicationsmodulesPageflakesPageflakesPageflakesisyourpersonalizedstartpageontheInternet.Youraddressbook,localweatherinformation,to-do-list,news,blogsandmuchmore–allononepagethatyoucanaccessfromanywhere.YoucanalsousePageflakestokeepupwithyourfavoriteblogsandnewsfeeds."Flake"isourwordforthoselittlemoduleswhichyoucanseeonthescreen.PagecastingwithPageflakes“Pagecasting〞meanspublishingyourPageflakespageforotherstosee.YoucanshareyourPagecastwiththeworldorwithaprivategroup.YoucanevenletotherseditandcontributetoyourPagecast!PagecastingBroadcasttheURLaddressandinviteotherstocollaboratetomaintaindynamicpagecontentHelpfulhint:YoucanshortenyourPagecastURLwiththefollowingapplications:,://tinyurl/,://teach42/go/GrazrGrazrisafreeandeasywaytogatherandorganizeinformationfromallovertheWeb.UseourdraganddropeditortocollectfeedsandlinkstoWebpages,andthensharethemwithothersonthissite,orplacethemonyourownpageswithourfreewidget.CreatingWidgetswithGrazrGrazrEmbeddedGrazrfeedreaderGrazrWidgetReadingfeedsthroughembeddedGrazrwidgetsBlogsBlogsWeblogsareeasilyupdatablepersonalwebsites,oftenusedaspersonaljournals.Thesocialaspectofweblogscanbeseenintheabilityforreaderstocommentonpostings,topostlinkstootherblogsand,throughusingpingbackortrackbackfunctions,tokeeptrackofotherblogsreferencingtheirposts.Thisenablesbloggerstoknowwhoisreferringtoandbuildingonwhattheysayintheirblogs.BlogHostingBlogmeister–://classblogmeister/(schoolcoderequired)Edublogs–:///Blogger–

21Classes–://21classes/(freeserviceislimited)://jdorman.wikispaces/+BlogsPodcastsPodcastsiPod+Broadcast=PodcastAmateurradioPodcastingisthemethodofdistributingmultimediafilesovertheInternetusingRSSsyndicationformatsforplaybackonmobiledevicesandpersonalcomputers.PodcastingResourcesAudacityGCastVoicethreadAudacity–AudioEditingSoftwarePublishingYourPodcasts-GCastVoiceThreadAVoiceThreadisanonlinemediaalbumthatallowspeopletomakecomments,eitheraudioortext,andsharethemwithanyonetheywish.AVoiceThreadallowsanentiregroup'sstorytobetoldandcollectedinoneplace.VoiceThreadscanbeembeddedintoblogs,wikis,andotherwebsites.://voicethread/VoiceThread://voicethread/SocialBookmarkingSocialBookmarkingandTaggingFundamentally,socialbookmarkingisaweb-basedapplicationthatallowsuserstostorebookmarkedlinkstoURLsinaformataccessibleviatheinternetratherthansearchingbookmarksstoredonaspecificcomputer.SocialBookmarkingandTaggingThepointatwhichthisbookmarkingactivitybecomessocialiswhentaggingisaddedtothefunctionality.Thismeansthatwhenusersaddabookmarktotheirlist,theyalsoaddatag(akeyword)tothatlink.Thismeansthatuserscansearchotherpeople’sbookmarksthroughtags(keywords)definedbyusers.SocialBookmarkinginPlainEnglish://=leelefeverClippingToolsClippingtoolsareacomplimenttotaggingtools.Aclippingtoolsitsonthetoolbarofyourbrowserandallowsyoutoeithercliptheresourceyouareviewingandaddittoyourblogand/oraddittoyoursocialbookmarks.Whicheverwayyouchoose,clippingtoolsallowyoutoaddannotationtoinformationthatyouhavefoundandwanttokeepareferenceto,andthentosharethisinformationandyouraddedvalue-tagsandannotationwithothers.

FurlBlinkListBlinkListDiigoDiigoWikisWikisWikisoftwareallowspeopletoeasilyuploadcontenttotheinternet,withtheimportantadditionthatitistheneditablebyotherreaders.Oneofthemostwell-knownexamplesisWikipedia,anonlineencyclopedia.WikisTheprinciplebehindtheoperationofwikisisthattheknowledgeofthegroupisgreaterthanthatofanindividual,andthatthegroupwhouseitarealsothegroupwhocreateit.Inthisway,individualswithinthegroupdecidewhennewentriesshouldbecreatedandthroughcollaborativeeditingofentriesanarticlewillemergethatsatisfiestheneedsofthegroup.

WikisinPlainEnglish://=leelefeverWikisinEducationWikispaces:///

PBWiki://pbwiki/://pbwiki/education.wikiCollaborativeSynchronousEditingToolsSynchronouslyEditedWebDocumentsAnothertext-basedformatthatisevolvinginWeb2.0iscollaborativesynchronousweb-basedcreationtoolssuchascollaborativewordprocessors,spreadsheets,andpresentationsoftware.SynchronouslyEditedWebDocumentsProductivitySuitesGoogleDocsZohoConceptandMindMappingGliffyBubble.usMindMeisterMindomoGoogleDocsCreate,editanduploadquickly

Importyourexistingdocuments,spreadsheetsandpresentations,orcreatenewonesfromscratch.Accessandeditfromanywhere

AllyouneedisaWebbrowser.Yourdocumentsarestoredsecurelyonline.Sharechangesinrealtime

Invitepeopletoyourdocumentsandmakechangestogether,atthesametimeTourofGoogleDocs

:///GoogleDocsinPlainEnglish://=leelefeverZoho:///Gliffy:///GliffyDiagramminginyourwebbrowserwithoutdownloadingadditionalsoftwareDesktopapplicationfeelinaweb-baseddiagrammingsolutionAddcollaboratorstoyourworkandwatchitgrowLinktopublishedGliffydrawingsfromyourblogorwikiCreatemanytypesofdiagramssuchasFlowcharts,UIwireframes,Floorplans,Networkdiagrams,UMLdiagrams,oranyothersimpledrawingordiagram:///Bubble.usBubbl.usisasimpleandfreewebapplicationthatletsyoubrainstormonline.CreatecolorfulmindmapsonlineShareandworkwithfriendsEmbedyourmindmapinyourblogorwebsiteEmailandprintyourmindmapSaveyourmindmapasanimage://bubbl.us/MindMeisterMindMeisterbringstheconceptofmindmappingtotheweb,usingitsfacilitiesforreal-timecollaborationtoallowtrulyglobalbrainstormingsessionsUserscancreate,manageandsharemindmapsonlineandaccessthemanytime,fromanywhere.Inbrainstormingmode,fellowMindMeistersfromaroundtheworld(orjustindifferentrooms)cansimultaneouslyworkonthesamemindmap-andseeeachother'schangesastheyhappen

:///MindomoAmindmapisadiagramusedtorepresentwords,ideas,tasksorotheritemslinkedtoandarrangedradiallyaroundacentralkeywordoridea.Itisusedtogenerate,visualize,structureandclassifyideas,andasanaidinstudy,organization,problemsolving,anddecisionmakingMindomomapsallowusersto:ManageandretaininformationmoreefficientlyCommunicateinformationmoreeffectivelyEnhancethinkingandlearningRecognizetrends,clusters,andotherpatternsinyourinformationSynthesizeseparatepiecesofinformationintonewknowledge://mindomo/Mindomo://mindomo/view?m=57885d9859e13b331edfdfac56e1b859LearningNetworksAffinityandSocialNetworksPersonalnetworksaresharedcontactssystems-