中考賓語從句詳解和練習(xí)題

PAGEPAGE4賓語從句一、賓語從句的定義：賓語從句是一種名詞性從句，在句中作及物動詞的賓語，或介詞的賓語，或形容詞的賓語。Iknowhim.Iknowwhoheis.主語謂語賓語主語謂語連詞從句主語從句謂語主句賓語從句賓語:位于謂語動詞或者介詞后：Iknowhim.Doyouhavethetime?Ithink(that)sheisbeautiful.Whydon’tyoupayattentiontome?賓語從句的概念：從句在復(fù)合句中作賓語的名詞性從句，通常放在主句謂語動詞（及物動詞）或介詞、形容詞之后。WeknowMrGreenteachesEnglish.Sheaskediftheseanswerswereright.二、賓語從句分類:根據(jù)引導(dǎo)賓語從句的不同連詞，賓語從句可分為三類:1.由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。That只有語法作用，沒有實在的意義，在口語和非正式文體中可以省略。例如：Hesaid(that)hewantedtostayathome.Shedoesn’tknow(that)sheisseriouslyill.

Iamsure(that)hewillsucceed.that的省略：e.g.Iguess(that)somebodyelsehasborrowedit.注意：當(dāng)主句謂語動詞帶有兩個或兩個以上賓語從句時，可以省略第一個that,其他不能省略。eg．Ibelieve（that）youhavedoneyourbestandthatthingswillgetbetter．2.由連接代詞who,whom,whose,what,which和連接副詞when,where,why,how引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。這些連接代詞和連接副詞在賓語從句中充當(dāng)某個成分。例如：Doyouknowwho(whom)theyarewaitingfoe?Heaskedwhosehandwritingwasthebest.

CanyoutellmewheretheNo.3busstopis?Idon’tknowwhythetrainislate.3.由if或whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。if/whether“是否”，說明對陳述的事物不明確或不清楚。常用在ask,wonder,can(could)youtellme表示疑問不確定意義的詞之后；從句句意完整，不缺成分。Iwanttoknowif(whether)hewillgototheparkwithus.Askhimwhether(if)hecancome.Iwonderwhetheritisgoingtorainornot.Couldyoutellmewhether(if)MrLiliveshere?只用whether的情況：1.在引導(dǎo)主語從句、表語從句、引導(dǎo)同位語從句時：主語從句:Whetheritistrueremainsaquestion.Whetherheisrightorwrongisaquestion.表語從句：Thequestioniswhetheritistrue.(為了強調(diào)賓語部分，也可把從句提在主句前。WhetherhewillcomeIamnotsure.）Thequestionwhetherhewillacceptitconfusesus.2.用在動詞不定式之前時(whethertodosth.)：Theyaskedmewhethertogoskating.Idon’tknowwhethertogothereatonce.3.當(dāng)與ornot連用，或or提出兩種選擇時:Idon’tknowwhetherhe’sfreeornot.MaryaskedwhetherIwasdoingmyhomeworkornot.Tellmewhetheryou’dliketogoshoppingortidytheroom.4.在介詞或discuss后面：I’mthinkingofwhetherweshouldgofishing.Wediscussedwhetherweshouldclosetheshop.注意：只能用if不能用whether的情況1.引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句Ifherunsfast,he’llgetthereontime.I’llgotoseeyouifIhavetime.2.引導(dǎo)否定的賓語從句Tellmeifitisnotgoingtorain,please.if/whether用法巧記:兩個“是否”并不難，一般情況可代換。下列情況用whether,主表不定式or(not)。作為討論介詞賓,此時if不可跟。還有一點也得編，whether從句可提前。引導(dǎo)條件表“如果”，再也不可用whether。賓語從句若否定，whether一詞不可用。練習(xí)：選擇if/whether。1.Iaskedher__________shehadabike.2.We’reworriedabout________heissafe.3.Iwonder___________heiswell.4.Idon’tknow________ornotheiswell.5.Idon’tknow_______togo.三、賓語從句的語序：賓語從句的語序用陳述語序：主句+連接詞+主語+謂語+其他成分；即：助動詞不能放在主語前面。例如：Iwanttoknowif(whether)helivesthere.Heaskedmewhether(if)Icouldhelphim.注：當(dāng)從句的原句為以下句子以及what,who作主語時，語序不變：Ithinkitnecessarythatwetakeplentyofhotwatereveryday.IfeelitapitythatIhaven’tbeentotheget-together.我沒去聚會,感覺非常遺憾.IhavemadeitarulethatIkeepdiaries.Ithinkitnousecrying.②有些動詞帶賓語從句時需要在賓語與從句前加itIhateitwhentheyarewiththeirmouthsfulloffood.PleaseseetoitthatthedoorisclosedDon'ttakeitforgrantedthatwehelpyou.Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldhelpme.(1).Ifind_____importantthatwepracticeEnglisheveryday.

A.itB.thisC.thatD.what

(2).Youcan’timagine____whentheyreceivedthenicegift.

A.howtheywereexcitedB.howexcitedtheywereC.howexcitedweretheyD.theywerehowexcited

2.賓語從句中的虛擬1)suggest,order,insist,propose,賓語從句表示的是一種虛擬語氣，sb.(should)do...Heinsistedthatallofusshouldbethereontimebyanymeans.Theteachersuggestedthatwe(should)cleantheblackboardafterclass.Heorderedthatthestudentswashtheclotheseveryweekbythemselves.3.wish接虛擬IwishIwereyou.IwishIhadn'tknownyou.IwishIcouldgoabroadoneday.3)在句型"Itisimportant(necessary,strange,natural)that"中，that后面的從句中的謂語動詞用：(should)+動詞原形，如：It'snecessarythatweshouldhaveawalknow.我們有必要出去散散步。It'snaturalthatsheshoulddoso.她這樣做是很自然的。It'simportantthatweshouldtakegoodcareofthepatient.重要的是我們要照顧好病人。鞏固練習(xí)：()1.Couldyoushowme________?A.howcanIgettothestationB.whereisthestationC.howIcouldgettothestationD.howIcanreachthestation()2.Pleasetellme_______.A.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslikeC.whathelikesD.whathelike()3.Mysistertoldhim________.A.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrivedC.whoshewaswaitingD.wheredidyoulive()4.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_______.A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitis()5.Couldyoutellmehowlong__________?A.youhaveboughtthewatchB.youhavekeptthissciencebookC.haveyoubeenawayfromChinaD.haveyoubeenamemberofGreenerChina()6.Hesaysthatifit_______tomorrow,he_______fishing.A.willrain,won'tgoB.rained,wasn'tgoC.rains,won'tgoD.rain,willgo()7.Theyoungmanasked_____it'ssummerorwinter.A.ifB.thatC.weatherD.whether()8.

Wedon'tknow______theydidit.A.howB.whoC.whatD.which()9.Theteacherasksus____Jimcancomebackontimetomorrow.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattime()10.Doesanybodyknow______wewillhaveasportsmeetingthisweekendornot.A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.that()11.Becareful!Don’tbreakthebottles.Doyouhear___Isaid?David?Yes,Mum

A.whatB.thatC.whyD.If()12.Theteacheraskedthenewstudent________classhewasin.

A.whichB.whereC.ifD.That()13.Thereisnotmuchdifferencebetweenthetwo.Ireallydon’tknow_____.

A.whatshouldIchooseB.whichIshouldchoose

C.whichshouldIchooseD.whatIshouldchoose()14.Canyoutellme___youwereborn,Betty?A.whoB.whatC.whenD.that()15.Doyouknow_____theylistenedtoyesterdayevening?

A.whatBwhenCwhyDhow

()16.Heaskedme_____toldmetheaccident.AwhomBwhichCwhoDwhose()17.Theydon'tknow______theirparentsare.