2019譯林版高中英語(yǔ)選擇性必修三Unit2 Out of this world 知識(shí)清單（教師版）

。。。閱讀單詞認(rèn)讀floatvi.飄動(dòng)，漂流；浮vt.使浮動(dòng)，使漂流ceilingn.天花板；上限mosquiton.(pl.mosquitoesormosquitos)蚊子microscopen.顯微鏡maintenancen.維護(hù)，保養(yǎng)；維持，保持telescopen.望遠(yuǎn)鏡orbitvt.&vi.圍繞……運(yùn)動(dòng)；沿軌道運(yùn)行n.(天體等運(yùn)行的)軌道shuttlen.航天飛機(jī)；來(lái)往于兩地之間的航班(或班車(chē)、火車(chē))vi.頻繁往來(lái)(于兩地之間)hydrogenn.氫，氫氣rocketn.火箭；火箭武器重點(diǎn)單詞識(shí)記astronautn.宇航員，航天員gravityn.重力，地球引力；嚴(yán)重性；嚴(yán)肅cupboardn.壁櫥；櫥柜，衣柜bothervt.使煩惱，使擔(dān)心；花費(fèi)時(shí)間精力(做某事)；打擾vi.花費(fèi)時(shí)間精力(做某事)n.麻煩，困難missionn.任務(wù)；使命，天職；軍事行動(dòng)；太空飛行任務(wù)creaturen.動(dòng)物，生物；人circumstancen.條件，狀況；(circumstances)境況，(尤指)經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況radiationn.輻射，放射線luxuryn.不常有的樂(lè)趣(或享受)；奢侈品tuben.管，管子；軟管furthermoreadv.此外，再者pilln.藥丸，藥片vitaladj.必不可少的，對(duì)……極重要的；維持生命所必需的disciplinevt.嚴(yán)格要求(自己)；懲罰；訓(xùn)練n.訓(xùn)練，紀(jì)律；行為準(zhǔn)則；自制力leisuren.閑暇，空閑crewn.全體工作人員；全體乘務(wù)人員，全體船員；專業(yè)團(tuán)隊(duì)permanentadj.永久的，永恒的altogetheradv.完全；總共；總之kitn.成套設(shè)備，成套工具；配套元件crucialadj.至關(guān)重要的，關(guān)鍵性的astronomern.天文學(xué)家merelyadv.僅僅，只不過(guò)administrationn.行政部門(mén)；管理，行政agencyn.機(jī)構(gòu)；代理處comprisevt.包括，包含；組成，構(gòu)成scanvt.&vi.掃描；細(xì)看；瀏覽n.掃描檢查；快速查閱foundationn.基礎(chǔ)，根據(jù)；地基；創(chuàng)辦；基金會(huì)pursen.資金，財(cái)源；錢(qián)包talen.故事；講述，敘述calculatevt.計(jì)算，核算；預(yù)測(cè)mechanicn.機(jī)械師，技工incrediblyadv.極其，極端地；令人難以置信sheltern.居所，住處；庇護(hù)vt.保護(hù)，掩蔽vi.躲避constantadj.固定的，不變的；連續(xù)發(fā)生的，重復(fù)的nuclearadj.核能的，原子能的；核武器的核心詞匯拓展absencen.缺乏，不存在；缺席→absentadj.缺席的；不在的；心不在焉的occupyvt.占用，使用；居住；占領(lǐng)，侵占；使忙于→occupiedadj.已占用的；無(wú)空閑的；使用中的→occupationn.工作；職業(yè)；占領(lǐng)；居住；使用evaluatevt.評(píng)估，估計(jì)，評(píng)價(jià)→evaluationn.評(píng)價(jià)；估價(jià)exposuren.面臨，遭受；揭露；報(bào)道→exposev.使暴露；使顯露；揭發(fā)；使(膠卷)曝光visibleadj.看得見(jiàn)的；明顯的→invisibleadj.看不見(jiàn)的universen.宇宙，天地萬(wàn)物→universaladj.普遍的；全體的；全世界的；共同的originn.起源，起因；出身→originaladj.起初的；原來(lái)的；首創(chuàng)的；獨(dú)創(chuàng)的n.原著；原作frequencyn.發(fā)生率，出現(xiàn)率；頻繁；頻率→frequentadj.頻繁的→frequentlyadv.頻繁地investmentn.投資；投入→investv.投資；投入coveragen.新聞報(bào)道；覆蓋范圍；信息范圍→covern.覆蓋物；封面；掩護(hù)物v.覆蓋；遮蓋；處理；涉及；包括assistantn.助理；售貨員；助教adj.助理的，副的→assistv.幫助；援助→assistancen.幫助；援助dustn.沙土，塵土；灰塵，塵?！鷇ustyadj.布滿灰塵的motiven.原因，動(dòng)機(jī)，目的→motivatevt.激勵(lì)；激發(fā)核心短語(yǔ)速記castnewlighton使進(jìn)一步了解……inthecircumstances在這種情況下，既然如此inviewof鑒于，考慮到laythefoundationfor為……打下基礎(chǔ)plaintosee顯而易見(jiàn)的cometoanend結(jié)束atatime每次ahugeamountof大量的longtodo渴望做……makesenseof弄清楚/弄明白……majorityn.大多數(shù)managementn.管理；安排mastervt.精通，掌握materialn.材料，原料matureadj.成熟的maximumadj.&n.最大量(的)；最大限度(的)meanwhileadv.同時(shí)median.新聞媒介；新聞媒體memorialn.紀(jì)念館memorizevt.記?。皇煊沵entaladj.精神的；腦力的mentallyadv.精神上；智力上Duetothenearabsenceofgravityinspace,wehavetoattachourselvessothatwedon’tfloataround.(sothat引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句)由于太空中幾乎沒(méi)有重力，我們必須把自己固定住，這樣我們才不會(huì)四處飄浮。It’sstrangethatwetrytosleepwithnopressureagainstourback,buttheunusualbedsdon’tbotherusanymore.(It＋be＋adj.＋that...)嘗試背部沒(méi)有壓力入睡是奇怪的，但我們不再為這些特別的床而煩惱了。SplendidastheviewoftheEarthis,spacewalkingisnotasexcitingasyoumightthink.(as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句)盡管地球上的景色美妙絕倫，但太空行走并不像你們可能想象的那么激動(dòng)人心。That’swhyeveryspacewalkiscarefullyplanned.(why引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句)那就是為什么(我們)要仔細(xì)規(guī)劃好每次的太空行走。ItisthroughourresearchintospacethatwehaveconfirmedthattheEarthisroundandthatitorbitstheSun.(強(qiáng)調(diào)句)正是通過(guò)對(duì)太空的研究，我們才能確定地球是圓的，它繞著太陽(yáng)公轉(zhuǎn)。請(qǐng)先從表格中選用本單元所學(xué)詞匯完成下列短文，然后核對(duì)答案并背誦該短文。origin,float,exposure,pill,astronaut,motiveThereisaheateddebateaboutwhetherspaceanduniverseareworthexploring.Somepeoplebelievethatspaceexplorationdemandshugeinvestment,anddoesnothingtoenhancethequalityofourlives.Butothersespecially1.astronautsdon’tagree.Livinginspaceistheirdream.Theyexpecttofinishtheirmissionsthoughitischallenging.Duetotheabsenceofgravity,theyhavetoattachthemselvesinordernotto2.floataround.Theyareoccupiedinconductingresearchandevaluatingtheeffectsoflowgravityoncreatures.Foraspacewalk,theymustputontheirspacesuitstoprotectthemfrom3.exposuretothecoldandradiation.Inviewofthelow-gravityenvironment,itisaluxurytoeatfreshfood.Sometimestheymusttake4.pillstoensureabalancedsupplyofnutrients.Theresultsofthesespaceexplorationshavemademajorcontributionstoanunderstandingofthe5.origin,evolution,andlikelyfutureoftheuniverseanditcanalso6.motivatetheyoungtobecomethescientistsofthefuture.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為本單元詞匯absencen.[C]&[U]缺席；不在某處；[U]缺乏(absentadj.缺席的；不在的；心不在焉的)?absencefrom缺席；不在absenceofmind心不在焉inone’sabsence＝intheabsenceofsb.某人不在時(shí)?beabsentfrom不參加；缺席absent-mindedadj.心不在焉的；健忘的Myassistantwasabsent(absence)fromtheconferenceyesterdaybecauseofhissuddenheartdisease.Myteachersandclassmateshelpedmewiththelessonsaftermylongabsencefromschool.Themanagerhadnoideaabouttheplan,fortheplanwasmadewhilehewasnotthere.→Themanagerhadnoideaabouttheplan,fortheplanwasmadeinhisabsence.Whenlackingcrucialproof,thepolicecouldnottakeactionagainsttheman.→Intheabsenceofcrucialproof,thepolicecouldnottakeactionagainsttheman.bothervt.使煩惱；使擔(dān)心vi.花費(fèi)時(shí)間精力(做某事)n.[U]煩擾；麻煩；困難bothertodo/doingsth.費(fèi)心做某事botherwith/aboutsth.花費(fèi)時(shí)間/精力(做某事)bothersb.with/aboutsth.為某事打擾或麻煩某人Itbotherssb.that...使某人苦惱的是……Don’tbothertotell/telling(tell)thetaletothechildren,becausetheyshownointerestinit.Asanastronaut,youshouldkeepyourmindonthemission,andnotbotherabout/withpersonalgainsorlosses.讓我煩惱的是，我們找不到回去的路了，但父親告訴我不要失去信心。Itbotheredmethatwecouldn’tfindourwaybackbutmyfathertoldmenottoloseheart.occupyv.占領(lǐng)；使用，占用；侵占；使忙于(occupiedadj.已占用的；無(wú)空閑的occupationn.工作；職業(yè)；占領(lǐng))occupyoneselfwithsth./(in)doingsth.使某人忙于(做)某事beoccupiedwithsth./(in)doingsth.忙于(做)某事I’msorrytobotheryou.MayIhaveyouraddress,telephonenumber,ageandoccupation(occupy),please?Hewouldhaveattendedyourbirthdaypartybutheoccupiedhimselfwithaveryimportantexperiment.Becausetheywereoccupiedinmakingandsellingpopcorn,theysparednotimetoplayaround.Occupyingthemselvesinmakingandsellingpopcorn,theysparednotimetoplayaround.(用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)升級(jí))Occupiedinmakingandsellingpopcorn,theysparednotimetoplayaround.(用過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)升級(jí))circumstancen.(usuallypl.)條件，狀況；境況，(尤指)經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況in/undernocircumstances決不(置于句首，句子要用部分倒裝語(yǔ)序)in/underthecircumstances在這種情況下；既然這樣ifcircumstancesallow/permit如果情況允許的話Underthecircumstances(circumstance),whatmattersmostisnotonlyourpersistencebutalsoourattitudes.我絕不放棄創(chuàng)辦一家公司的目標(biāo)，因此，如果條件允許的話，我將立即采取行動(dòng)去實(shí)現(xiàn)我的夢(mèng)想。In/UndernocircumstancesshouldIgiveuptheobjectiveoffoundingacompany.Asaconsequence,ifcircumstancespermit,Iwilltakeimmediateactiontoaccomplishmydream.vitaladj.對(duì)……極重要的；必不可少的bevitalfor/tosth.對(duì)……極為重要beofvitalimportanceto...對(duì)……至關(guān)重要Itisvitaltodo...做……很重要。Itisvitalthatsb.(should)dosth.某人做某事是極其重要的。Itisvitalforthepolicementoinvestigate(investigate)thecaseandmakeouttheoriginoftheaccident.ItisofvitalimportanceforyoutolearnaboutthegeneralhistoryofTangDynasty,whichwillbesurelyofgreathelptoyou.我們互相合作，為比賽做好充分的準(zhǔn)備是極其重要的。(2019·全國(guó)Ⅱ，書(shū)面表達(dá))Itisvitalthatwe(should)cooperatewitheachotherandmakefullpreparationsforthecompetition.assistantn.助手，助理，助教adj.輔助的；助理的；有幫助的(assistv.幫助；協(xié)助；援助assistancen.援助，幫助；輔助設(shè)備)assistsb.withsth./indoingsth./todosth.幫助某人(做)某事withtheassistanceof在……的幫助下come/gotoone’sassistance來(lái)/去幫助某人Inviewofhisdisability,hisparentsoftencometohisassistance(assist).Theyoftenassisthimtodeliver(deliver)goodstocustomers.Withtheassistanceofhisparents,hisonlinebusinessgoeswell.(用合適的詞或所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)我想衷心感謝你幫助我學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。(應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作之感謝信)I’dliketosincerelyappreciateyourassistingmewithmyEnglishlearning/assistingmetolearnEnglish/assistingmeinlearningEnglish.That’swhyeveryspacewalkiscarefullyplanned.那就是為什么(我們)要仔細(xì)規(guī)劃好每次的太空行走。This/Thatisbecause...這/那是因?yàn)椤璗his/Thatisthereasonwhy...這/那就是……的原因Thereasonwhy...isthat...……的原因是……(why引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句)HewentawayfromhispostintheagencywithoutpermissionandthiswaswhyIwasangrywithhim.Fromspace,theearthlooksblue.Thisisbecauseaboutseventy-onepercentofthesurfaceiscoveredbywater.我認(rèn)為長(zhǎng)江之行將是一個(gè)更好選擇的原因是它有許多著名的觀光景點(diǎn)。ThereasonwhyIthinkthetripalongtheYangtzeRiverwillbeabetterchoiceisthatithasmanywell-knownsightseeingspots.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為上一單元詞匯一詞多義練/熟詞生義練——清除閱讀障礙occupyA.使忙于(做某事)；忙著(做某事)B.占用(空間、面積、時(shí)間等)C.侵占；占領(lǐng)；占據(jù)Thebedseemedtooccupymostoftheroom.BThecapitalhasbeenoccupiedbytherebelarmy.CSheoccupiedherselfwithroutineofficetasks.AshelterA.n.躲避處；避難所B.n.居所；住處C.n.保護(hù)；掩蔽；庇護(hù)D.vt.掩蔽；為……提供避難所E.vi.躲避；避難Theywerestandingundertheshelterofahugetree.CThesunbeatdown,sowesatintheshade,shelteringfromthesun.ERescueworkersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.AFood,clothing,fuelandshelterarethefourmostbasichumanneeds.BTreeswereplantedtoshelterthisareafromstrongsandstorms.D快速閱讀下列句子并猜測(cè)句中加黑詞匯的意思。Shehasrisenfromhumbleoriginstoimmensewealth.出身Hernewmoviehashadalotofexposureinthemedia.報(bào)道核心知識(shí)強(qiáng)化練——鞏固語(yǔ)言知識(shí)I’msooccupiedinwatchingthevasethatIhavenotimetoappreciateotherantiquesinthisshop.Hedidn’tbotheranswering/toanswer(answer)myquestion，whichcamedowntohisignorance.Under/InnocircumstancesshouldImissthispreciousopportunitytothisvalley,whichisvitalformyfutureresearch.Itisbecauseofalongabsence(absent)fromschoolthatmynieceisabitbehindtheotherclassmates.Learningtoliveinharmonywitheachotherisofvitalimportanceforeachofus.Withtheassistance(assist)ofmyEnglishteacher,ImadearesolutiontocompeteintheEnglishspeechcontest.單句寫(xiě)作——應(yīng)用文增分練(應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作之求助信)我之所以寫(xiě)信給你是因?yàn)槲蚁胝?qǐng)你幫我一個(gè)忙。(Thereasonwhy...isthat...)ThereasonwhyI’mwritingtoyouisthatIwanttoaskyoutodomeafavour.因?yàn)樘髩毫?，我不能專注于我的學(xué)習(xí)，這讓我很困擾。(bother)ItbothersmethatIcan’tfocusonmystudybecauseoftoomuchstress.昨天在課堂上因?yàn)樾牟辉谘晌冶挥⒄Z(yǔ)老師批評(píng)了。(absence)YesterdayIwasscoldedbymyEnglishteacherinclassforabsenceofmind.我相信在你的幫助下，我會(huì)走出困境。我將感謝你的一切幫助。(assistance)I’msurewiththeassistanceofyouIwillgetoutofthetrouble.Iwillappreciateanyofyourhelp.微型寫(xiě)作——續(xù)寫(xiě)提能練[教材續(xù)寫(xiě)語(yǔ)料]情感描寫(xiě)absencen.缺乏，不存在；缺席missionn.任務(wù)；使命，天職；軍事行動(dòng)；太空飛行任務(wù)vitaladj.必不可少的，對(duì)……極重要的；維持生命所必需的leisuren.閑暇，空閑crucialadj.至關(guān)重要的，關(guān)鍵性的merelyadv.僅僅，只不過(guò)incrediblyadv.極其，極端地；令人難以置信動(dòng)作描寫(xiě)bothervt.使煩惱，使擔(dān)心；花費(fèi)時(shí)間精力(做某事)；打擾occupyvt.占用，使用；居??；占領(lǐng)，侵占；使忙于其他描寫(xiě)astronomern.天文學(xué)家inviewof鑒于，考慮到circumstancen.條件，狀況[續(xù)寫(xiě)語(yǔ)料運(yùn)用]請(qǐng)從以上語(yǔ)料中選擇合適的詞匯，并用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^(guò)渡詞完成以下語(yǔ)段。有一天，湯姆去拜訪了他的朋友弗蘭克。弗蘭克是個(gè)天文學(xué)家，也是個(gè)工作狂。他經(jīng)常忙于研究，幾乎沒(méi)有閑暇時(shí)間。一到那里，湯姆就坐在沙發(fā)上看電視，等著弗蘭克。弗蘭克非常專注于他的工作，所以他忘記了他的朋友。令人難以置信的是，過(guò)了很久，弗蘭克還沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)，這使湯姆很煩惱。鑒于這種狀況，湯姆回家了。在路上湯姆自言自語(yǔ)道：“弗蘭克只是關(guān)心他的工作，但友誼也至關(guān)重要?！監(jiān)neday,TompaidavisittohisfriendFrank.Frankisanastronomer,andalsoaworkaholic.Heoftenoccupieshimselfwithhisresearch,andnearlyhasnoleisuretime.Upongettingthere,TomsatonthesofawatchingTV,waitingforFrank.Frankwassofocusedonhisworkthatheforgothisfriend.Incredibly,Frankdidn’tturnupyetafteralongtime,whichbotheredTom.Inviewofthecircumstances,Tomwentbackhome.Ontheway,Tomsaidtohimself,“Frankmerelycaresabouthiswork,butfriendshipisalsoofvitalimportanceandcrucial.”詞形變化填空(每小題2分，共14分)Asanassistant,heassistedtheprofessorincarryingouttheproject.Andwithouthisassistance,itcouldn’thavebeencompletedontime.(assist)Weneedtoevaluateourselves,ourvalues,ourstrengthsandsoonbecauseobjectiveevaluationswillbenefitus.(evaluate)Heisalwaysabsentfromclass,andhisabsencemakeshisheadteacherangry.(absent)Afterthecitywasoccupiedbytheenemy,hisoriginaloccupationwasgone.(occupy)Thereadingroomwasdusty;what’smore,manybookswereoftenlefttogatherdustonshelves.(dust)Pleasesetoffearlybecausethetrafficjamsaremorefrequentandwhat’sworse,thebusesrunlessfrequentlyonSunday.(frequent)Idon’tknow