2019譯林版高中英語(yǔ)選擇性必修二Unit4 Living with technology 知識(shí)清單（教師版）

。。。閱讀單詞認(rèn)讀networkn.網(wǎng)絡(luò)，網(wǎng)狀系統(tǒng)；關(guān)系網(wǎng)，人際網(wǎng)；(互聯(lián))網(wǎng)絡(luò)autonomousadj.自主的，有自主權(quán)的；自治的databasen.數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)hackern.黑客fail-safeadj.有自動(dòng)保險(xiǎn)裝置的，具有自動(dòng)防止故障性能的dronen.無(wú)人駕駛飛機(jī)fountainpen自來(lái)水筆licencen.(AmElicense)許可證，執(zhí)照headsetn.耳機(jī)immersiveadj.(計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)或圖像)沉浸式虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)的fine-tunevt.對(duì)……微調(diào)state-of-the-artadj.使用最先進(jìn)技術(shù)(或方法)的，最先進(jìn)的gendern.性別重點(diǎn)單詞識(shí)記castlen.城堡inputn.輸入的信息，投入vt.(input,input)輸入(信息)capacityn.領(lǐng)悟(或理解、辦事)能力；容量，容積；職位，職責(zé)；生產(chǎn)量analyse(AmEanalyze)vt.分析massiveadj.巨大的，大而重的；非常嚴(yán)重的coinvt.創(chuàng)造(新詞語(yǔ))breakthroughn.重大進(jìn)展，突破adj.突破性的financen.財(cái)政，金融；資金；財(cái)力，財(cái)務(wù)管理vt.提供資金domesticadj.家庭的，家用的；本國(guó)的，國(guó)內(nèi)的commitvt.(犯)罪；承諾，保證；花(錢或時(shí)間)vi.全心全意投入，忠于murdervt.&n.謀殺，兇殺posevt.造成，產(chǎn)生；提問(wèn)，質(zhì)詢vi.擺好姿勢(shì)n.姿勢(shì)apparentlyadv.顯然，可見(jiàn)warningn.警告，先兆；警戒victimn.受害者，犧牲品；受騙者；祭品alternativen.可供選擇的事物adj.可供替代的；非傳統(tǒng)的theftn.偷竊，偷窺罪predictvt.預(yù)言，預(yù)告decreasevt.&vi.減少，降低n.減少，降低denyvt.否認(rèn)，否定；拒絕承認(rèn)，拒絕接受quantityn.數(shù)量；大量airlinen.航空公司spyvi.從事間諜活動(dòng)vt.突然看見(jiàn)n.間諜monitorvt.監(jiān)視，跟蹤調(diào)查；監(jiān)聽(tīng)n.顯示屏；監(jiān)測(cè)器；班長(zhǎng)stadiumn.體育場(chǎng)，運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)highlightn.最好(或最精彩)的部分vt.突出，強(qiáng)調(diào)；使醒目capsulen.小塑料容器；(裝藥的)膠囊；太空艙buryvt.埋藏；埋葬，安葬；覆蓋；遮蓋；使陷入fountainn.噴射，涌流；噴水池；源泉，豐富來(lái)源contemporaryadj.當(dāng)代的，現(xiàn)代的；屬同時(shí)期的，同一時(shí)代的n.同代人，同輩人seedn.種子；起源，起因wheatn.小麥，小麥粒muscularadj.肌肉的；強(qiáng)壯的concludevt.&vi.斷定，推斷出；達(dá)成，訂立；(使)結(jié)束，終止superiorityn.優(yōu)越感；優(yōu)越性，優(yōu)勢(shì)virtualadj.虛擬的，模擬的；很接近的，事實(shí)上的definitionn.定義；釋義，解釋sensorn.傳感器，敏感元件practicaladj.實(shí)際的，真實(shí)的；切實(shí)可行的；有用的；實(shí)事求是的academicadj.教學(xué)的，學(xué)術(shù)的；學(xué)習(xí)良好的；純理論的twinn.雙胞胎之一；一對(duì)相像的事物之一adj.雙胞胎之一的；成對(duì)的，成雙的clonen.好像一模一樣的人，復(fù)制品；克隆動(dòng)物(或植物)vt.克隆，以無(wú)性繁殖技術(shù)復(fù)制barriern.障礙，阻力；屏障，障礙物；分界線，隔閡initialadj.最初的，開(kāi)始的n.首字母weedn.雜草，野草satelliten.人造衛(wèi)星；衛(wèi)星expensen.費(fèi)用；開(kāi)銷；開(kāi)支pubn.酒吧，酒館核心詞匯拓展threatenvt.危及，對(duì)……構(gòu)成威脅；威脅，恐嚇→threatn.威脅，恐嚇crimen.罪，罪行；犯罪活動(dòng)→criminaln.罪犯adj.犯罪的，犯法的urgevt.敦促，催促；大力推薦，竭力主張；驅(qū)趕，鞭策n.沖動(dòng)，強(qiáng)烈的欲望→urgentadj.緊急的；急迫的→urgencyn.緊急(的事)demandvt.需要；強(qiáng)烈要求n.要求，所需之物；需求，需要→demandingadj.(工作)要求高的，費(fèi)力的；(人)苛求的greedyadj.貪心的，貪婪的→greedn.貪婪，貪心recognitionn.識(shí)別，認(rèn)出；承認(rèn)，認(rèn)可；贊譽(yù)，賞識(shí)→recognizevt.認(rèn)出，識(shí)別；承認(rèn)distributionn.分發(fā)，分送；分配，分布→distributevt.分配；散布；分發(fā)illegaladj.不合法的，非法的→legaladj.法律許可的，合法的→legallyadv.法律上，合法地→illegallyadv.違法地，非法地justifiedadj.合乎情理的，事出有因的；有正當(dāng)理由的→justifyvt.證明……正當(dāng)；替……辯護(hù)engagevt.&vi.吸引住(注意力、興趣等)；雇用，聘用；與……建立密切關(guān)系→engagementn.婚約；約會(huì)；諾言optimisticadj.樂(lè)觀的，抱樂(lè)觀看法的→optimismn.樂(lè)觀；樂(lè)觀主義annoyvt.使惱怒，使生氣；打擾，騷擾→annoyedadj.憤怒的，生氣的→annoyingadj.討厭的；惱人的→annoyancen.煩惱globen.球體，球狀物；地球儀；地球，世界→globaladj.全球的；總體的；球形的envyn.&vt.羨慕，忌妒→enviousadj.羨慕的；嫉妒的核心短語(yǔ)速記(build)castlesintheair(建)空中樓閣，幻想，空想tonamebutafew略舉幾例fallvictimto受傷，受損，被害breakinto強(qiáng)行闖入，撬開(kāi)；突然開(kāi)始(笑、唱等)；順利打入inlargequantities大量，大批spyon暗中監(jiān)視，窺探attheforefrontof處于最前列，進(jìn)入重要地位ahostof許多，大量boildownto歸結(jié)為，基本問(wèn)題是attheexpenseof在犧牲(或損害)……的情況下likeweeds大量cometrue實(shí)現(xiàn)becapableofdoingsth.有能力做某事inshort總之；簡(jiǎn)言之a(chǎn)varietyof多種多樣的kitchenn.廚房knowledgen.知識(shí)；學(xué)問(wèn)landscapen.風(fēng)景；景色lameadj.跛的；瘸的laughtern.笑；笑聲launchvt.發(fā)射；發(fā)起(運(yùn)動(dòng))laundryn.洗衣店；洗衣房learnedadj.有才華的；博學(xué)的leftoveradj.剩余的；剩下的legendn.傳說(shuō)；傳奇liberationn.解放libertyn.自由Toachievethisaim,manyapproachestocreatingtrueAIhavebeenputforward,including“deeplearning”...(todo作目的狀語(yǔ))為了實(shí)現(xiàn)這個(gè)目標(biāo)，人們提出過(guò)許多創(chuàng)造真正的AI的方法，包括“深度學(xué)習(xí)”……Aswebecomemoreandmoredependentoncomputers,somescientistsareurgingustothinkaboutthedangersposedbytheadvancesinAI.(過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ))隨著我們對(duì)電腦的依賴越來(lái)越深，一些科學(xué)家正敦促我們思考AI的進(jìn)步所帶來(lái)的危險(xiǎn)。WhatifItoldyouthatdoctorscouldcreateavirtual“twin”inordertopractisedelicatesurgerybeforeattemptingitonthepatient?(whatif...)如果我告訴你，醫(yī)生可以先造出一個(gè)虛擬的“孿生病人”練習(xí)精密的手術(shù)，然后再在病人身上進(jìn)行實(shí)際操作呢？Itwon’tbelongbeforevirtualmuseumsandinteractivethree-Dexhibitionsbecomecommon.(before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句)用不了多久，虛擬博物館和交互式三維展覽就會(huì)變得司空見(jiàn)慣。Whenshoppingonline,youcanlookforwardtobeingabletohaveyourownvirtualrealityclonetryonclothesandtoseeproductswith360-degreeviews.(狀語(yǔ)從句的省略)網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物時(shí)，你可以期待擁有自己的虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)克隆人替你試穿衣服、360度全方位查看商品。請(qǐng)先從表格中選用本單元所學(xué)詞匯完成下列短文，然后核對(duì)答案并背誦該短文。decrease,conclude,predict,denyRecently,thetopicofenvironmentalpollutionhasagainarousedmoreandmoreattention.Thereisno1.denyingthatthisproblemmayboildowntothefactthathumansaretoogreedy.Tomeettheirdemandsformoremoney,manytreeshavebeencutdowninlargequantities.Besides,thenumberofwildanimalsisalsoonthe2.decreasebecauseofillegalhunting.Itis3.predictedthatifsuchthingscontinuehappening,theecologicalsystemwillbethreatened.Apparently,itisurgentthatthegovernmentshouldtakesomepracticalmeasurestoprohibitpeoplefromdestroyingourenvironment.Withthejointefforts,wecanfindsomealternativesolutions.To4.conclude,wecanneverdevelopoureconomyattheexpenseoftheenvironment.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為本單元詞匯urgevt.敦促，催促；竭力主張；驅(qū)趕，鞭策n.強(qiáng)烈的欲望，沖動(dòng)(urgentadj.緊急的；急迫的urgentlyadv.緊急地)urgesb.todosth.催促某人做某事urgethat...(should)do...主張……Itisurgedthat...(should)do...人們堅(jiān)決要求/竭力主張……h(huán)aveanurgetodosth.渴望做某事Ihadanurgetobreakintomyparents’roomwhenIheardthemquarreling.Thepeopleintheearthquake-strickenareaareinurgent(urge)needoffood,medicineandshelters.Parentsshouldurgetheirchildrennottoengage(engage)invirtualworldtoomuch.人們敦促父母應(yīng)該少花點(diǎn)時(shí)間上網(wǎng)，多花點(diǎn)時(shí)間陪孩子。(應(yīng)用文寫作之倡議書)Itisurgedthatparents(should)spendlesstimeonlinebutmoretimeaccompanyingtheirchildren.demandvt.強(qiáng)烈要求；需要n.要求，所需之物；需求，需要(demandingadj.要求高的；要求嚴(yán)格的；費(fèi)力的；苛求的)bein(great)demand(迫切)需求meet/satisfyone’sdemands滿足某人的需求demandtodosth.要求做某事demandthat...(should)dosth.要求……做某事Apparently,sciencegraduatesareingreaterdemandthanartsonesinChina.Tomyrelief,heisequaltothedemanding(demand)task.Theteacherdemandedtobegivenmyparents’telephonenumbers.→Theteacherdemandedthathe/she(should)begivenmyparents’telephonenumbers.alternativen.可供選擇的事物adj.可供替代的，可供選擇的(alternativelyadv.二者選一地；可供選擇地)analternativeto...……的替代品havenoalternativebuttodosth.別無(wú)選擇只好做某事havethealternativeofdoingsth.有做某事的選擇Thereisnoalternativebuttodosth.別無(wú)選擇只好做某事。Naturalgasisanotherabundantfuelthatexpertsconsideranalternativetogasoline.Thecoalontheearthwillbeusedup.Wehavenoalternativebuttofind(find)anewsourceofenergy.Astocosmetics,ifyoudon’tlikedomesticbrands,youhavethealternativeofbuyingforeignones.Wecannotchoosebuttakeimmediateactiontostoppollution.(用alternative改寫)→Forus,thereisnoalternativebuttotakeimmediateactiontostoppollution.decreasevt.&vi.減少，降低n.減少，降低onthedecrease/decline在減少；在衰退ontheincrease/rise在上漲，在增長(zhǎng)decrease/increaseby...減少/增加了……decrease/increaseto...減少到/增加到……ThenumberofpeopleowningprivatecarsisontheincreaseinChina.Bytheendoflastyear,thenumberhadincreasedto80million,whilethenumberofpeoplebuyingJapanesecarshaddecreasedby20%.野生動(dòng)物的數(shù)量在過(guò)去幾年里一直在減少。Thenumberofwildanimalshasbeenonthedecrease/declineinthepastfewyears.quantityn.數(shù)量；大量alarge/smallquantityof大量/少量的largequantitiesof大量的；許多的inquantity/largequantities大量，大批Notonlyare(be)quantitiesofphytoplanktonintheoceanchanging,butthetypeofphytoplanktonischanging.Ifyoubuythesegoodsinlargequantities,wewillofferabetterpricetoyou.Alargequantityofwheathas(have)beentransportedintomountainousareas.就我個(gè)人而言，重要的是質(zhì)量而不是數(shù)量。Personally,itisqualityratherthanquantitythatreallycounts.用法點(diǎn)撥：aquantityof或quantitiesof后既可接可數(shù)名詞也可接不可數(shù)名詞?！癮quantityof＋名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與名詞保持?jǐn)?shù)的一致；而“quantitiesof＋名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。buryv.埋葬；埋藏；使陷入；覆蓋；遮蓋buryoneselfin埋頭于，專心于beburiedin專心于buryone’sfaceinone’shands雙手掩面Burying(bury)hisfaceinhishands,thevictimtriedtocontrolhisweeping.Hestoodonthesidewalkwithhishandsburied(bury)inthepocketsofhisdarkovercoat.Becausesheburiedherselfinwatchingthefootballmatchinthestadium,shedidn’tknowitwassnowingoutside.Buryingherselfinwatchingthefootballmatchinthestadium,shedidn’tknowitwassnowingoutside.(用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)升級(jí))Buriedinwatchingthefootballmatchinthestadium,shedidn’tknowitwassnowingoutside.(用過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)升級(jí))用法點(diǎn)撥：表示“專心于；致力于”的短語(yǔ)還有：beabsorbedin，belostin，bedevotedto，focuson，concentrateone’sattentionon等。annoyvt.使惱怒，使生氣；打擾，騷擾(annoyedadj.頗為生氣的，惱怒的annoyancen.惱怒，煩惱；使人煩惱的事annoyingadj.討厭的；惱人的)beannoyedat/aboutsth.因某事而生氣beannoyedwithsb.對(duì)某人生氣beannoyedthat...惱怒的是……toone’sannoyance使某人生氣的是Tomyannoyance,myteacherwasstillannoyedwithmeat/aboutmyacademicperformance.Afterall,Itriedmybest.(用合適的詞或annoy的適當(dāng)形式填空)他因發(fā)現(xiàn)他的兒子卷入了犯罪活動(dòng)而感到十分惱火。Tohisannoyance,hefoundhissoninvolvedinthecrime.(annoyance)Whatannoyedhimwasthathefoundhissoninvolvedinthecrime.(what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句)Itannoyedhimthathefoundhissoninvolvedinthecrime.(it作形式主語(yǔ))breakinto強(qiáng)行闖入，撬開(kāi)；突然開(kāi)始(笑、唱等)；順利打入breakin打斷(談話)；突然闖入breakout突然爆發(fā)breakup打碎；拆散；分解；結(jié)束；分手；放假breakdown瓦解，分解；機(jī)器壞了；身體垮掉用break短語(yǔ)的正確形式填空：Thetwinsclosethedoorandwindowscarefullytopreventsomestrangersbreakingintotheirhouse.Themanwasannoyedthathisnaughtysonbrokeuphisnewwatch.Yourcomputerbrokedownagain,whichboileddowntothefactthatyouboughtthecheapestbrandjusttosaveafewdollars.Iwasdrinkingwhenthefirebrokeoutinthatpubandthenitspreadquickly.Itwon’tbelongbeforevirtualmuseumsandinteractivethree-Dexhibitionsbecomecommon.用不了多久，虛擬博物館和交互式三維展覽就會(huì)變得司空見(jiàn)慣。before引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，翻譯比較靈活，可譯為“在……之前；……之后才……；(不久)就……；還沒(méi)來(lái)得及就……”等意義。含before的常用句式：Itwon’tbelongbefore...不久就……(before從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))Itwillbe＋一段時(shí)間＋before...過(guò)……時(shí)間才……(before從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))Itwasn’t...before...沒(méi)過(guò)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間就……(before從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí))Itwas...before...過(guò)了多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才……(before從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí))寫出下列句子中before的漢語(yǔ)意思：Beforetheyreachedthestadium,thematchhadbegun.在……之前Itwillbeafewyearsbeforewecanmakeabreakthroughinthisresearch.要過(guò)……才……Itwillnotbelongbeforewegetridofthetroubleinfinance.(過(guò)不了多久)就……HetookthebadnewsoutofhismouthbeforeIcouldstophim.還沒(méi)來(lái)得及就……將近一天之后，他才意識(shí)到他的錯(cuò)誤并向他的妻子道歉。Itwasnearlyadaybeforeherealizedhismistakesandsaidsorrytohiswife.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為上一單元詞匯一詞多義練/熟詞生義練——清除閱讀障礙poseA.v.造成，產(chǎn)生B.v.提問(wèn)C.v.擺姿勢(shì)D.n.姿勢(shì)Thedelegatesposedforagroupphotograph.CWeallknowthatnuclearweaponsposethreattohumansecurity.ATheyposequestionsaboutwhatwerethetransitionsinhumanevolution.BSheadoptedanelegantposeforthecamera.DbreakintoA.強(qiáng)行闖入B.突然開(kāi)始(笑、唱等)C.順利打入Asthepresident’scardrewup,thecrowdbrokeintoloudapplause.BThecompanyishavingdifficultybreakingintonewmarkets.CUnfortunately,wehadourhousebrokenintolastweek.A快速閱讀下列句子并猜測(cè)句中加黑詞匯的意思。Shegainedonlyminimalrecognitionforherwork.贊譽(yù)，賞識(shí)，獎(jiǎng)賞Tourismisafountainofwealthforthecity.豐富來(lái)源核心知識(shí)強(qiáng)化練——鞏固語(yǔ)言知識(shí)Withoutdoubt,hisparentswillbeannoyed(annoy)iftheyknowheresignedfromthebigcompany.Inordertoraisesomemoney,ultimatelythemanbrokeuptheoldmachineandsoldsomeparts.Thoughburied(bury)inhisworkthesedays,hestilljoinedthevolunteerorganizationtohelpthedisabled.Accordingtothefinding,thenumberofnewstudentsdecreasesfrom210to160thisyear.Forlackofenoughevidence,thejudgehadnoalternativebuttoannounce(announce)himtobeinnocent.Schoolsdemandthatduringholidaysstudents’onlinetime(should)berestricted(restrict).Parentsshouldactivelyurgetheirchildrentoequip(equip)themselveswithknowledge.Quantitiesofmoneyandtimehave(have)beenspentinresearchingandfightingthevirus.單句寫作——應(yīng)用文增分練(關(guān)于環(huán)境問(wèn)題的發(fā)言稿)隨著工業(yè)的發(fā)展，大量的水被污染了。(quantity)Withthedevelopmentofindustry,alargequantityofwaterhasbeenpolluted.由于非法捕獵，野生動(dòng)物的數(shù)量正在減少。(decrease)Thenumberofwildanimalsisonthedecreaseowingto/becauseofillegalhunting.這種可怕的情況要求我們共同努力進(jìn)行改變。(demand)Thisterriblesituationdemandsthatwe(should)makejointeffortstochange.竭力主張我們要努力提高人們的環(huán)境保護(hù)意識(shí)。(urge)Itisurgedthatweshouldtryourbesttoraisepeople’sawarenessofenvironmentalprotection.我堅(jiān)信，用不了多久我們就會(huì)建造一個(gè)干凈的家園。(before)Iholdthefirmbeliefthatitwon’tbelongbeforewebuildacleanhome.微型寫作——續(xù)寫提能練[教材續(xù)寫語(yǔ)料]情感描寫apparentlyadv.顯然，可見(jiàn)victimn.受害者，犧牲品；受騙者greedyadj.貪心的，貪婪的optimisticadj.樂(lè)觀的，抱樂(lè)觀看法的theftn.偷竊，偷窺罪crimen.罪，罪行；犯罪活動(dòng)annoyvt.使惱怒，使生氣；打擾，騷擾envyn.&vt.羨慕，忌妒動(dòng)作描寫commitvt.(犯)罪；承諾，保證；花(錢或時(shí)間)vi.全心全意投入，忠于buryvt.埋藏；埋葬，安葬；覆蓋；遮蓋；使陷入環(huán)境描寫pubn.酒吧，酒館[續(xù)寫語(yǔ)料運(yùn)用]請(qǐng)從以上語(yǔ)料中選擇合適的詞匯，并用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^(guò)渡詞完成以下語(yǔ)段。湯姆在酒吧里埋頭喝酒。顯然，他很惱怒，充滿了遺憾。由于對(duì)金錢貪婪，他犯罪了，涉及盜竊。“明天，我可能會(huì)在監(jiān)獄里?！彼匝宰哉Z(yǔ)地說(shuō)。那一刻，他父母的話在他耳邊響起，“保持樂(lè)觀、自信，一切都會(huì)好起來(lái)的”。突然間，他有種想面對(duì)面地向受害者道歉的沖動(dòng)。他開(kāi)始羨慕擁有自由的人。他意識(shí)到他最初的想法是錯(cuò)誤的。Tomwasburiedindrinkinginthepub.Apparently,hewasannoyedandfullofregret.Greedyformoney,hecommittedacrimeinvolvinghimselfintheft.“Tomorrow,Imightbeinprison,”hesaidtohimself.Atthatmoment,hisparents’wordsranginhisears,“Keepoptimisticandconfident,andeverythingwillbefine.”Suddenly,hehadanurgetomakeanapologytothevictimfacetoface.Hebegantoenvythosewhohadfreedom.Herealizedhisinitialthoughtwaswrong.詞形變化填空（每小題2分，共14分）Theterroriststhreatenedtokillthehostage