河南省信陽市2022-2023學年高二下學期期中考試英語試題【含答案 解析】

第1頁/共1頁2022-2023學年普通高中高二下學期期中教學質量檢測英語注意事項：1.答題前，務必在答題卷規(guī)定的地方填寫自己的姓名、考號和座位號。2.答第Ⅰ卷時，每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卷上對應題目的答案標號涂黑;答第Ⅱ卷時，必須使用0.5毫米的黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卷上書寫，要求字體工整，筆跡清晰。在指定的答題區(qū)域作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效，在試題卷、草稿紙上答題無效。3.滿分150分,考試時間120分鐘。第Ⅰ卷第一部分：聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最住選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Howdoesthewomanfeelabouttheman’sidea?A.Worried.B.Satisfied.C.Disappointed.2.Whatdoesthemanwanttobe?A.Areporter.B.Alawyer.C.Adesigner.3.Whereareprobablythespeakers?A.Inthehotel.B.Intheoffice.C.Atthehairdresser’s.4.Howmuchdoesthemanchargethewomanatfirst?A.$100.B.$1,050.C.$1,150.5.WhydoesStevenrefuseMandy’sinvitation?A.Hehastoprepareforagame.B.Hefailedtowinacontest.C.Hedislikesdoingsports.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whichmoviearethespeakersgoingtosee?A.Jaws.B.SavingPrivateRyan.C.JurassicPark.7.Howwillthespeakersgotothecinema?A.Bycar.B.Bysubway.C.Bybus.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whereareprobablythespeakers?A.Athome.B.Intheoffice.C.Inastore.9.Whichkeyisthemanlookingfor?A.Hisofficekey.B.Hishousekey.C.Hiscarkey.10.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Attendameeting.B.Gotothekitchen.C.Searchforhisbag.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whichofthefollowingistheman’sfavoritechocolate?A.Whitechocolate.B.Milkchocolate.C.Darkchocolate.12.WhobroughtcocoapowdertoEurope?A.TheIndian.B.TheMexican.C.TheSpanish.13.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofchocolate?A.It’squitetasty.B.It’stoobitter.C.It’stoosweet.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whatdoesthemanwanttodoatfirst?A.Borrowsomething.B.Askforadvice.C.Makeaninvitation.15.Whydoesthewomandressuptoday?A.Toattendawedding.B.Togotoaparty.C.Togoonadate.16.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthewoman’sclothing?A.It’stooformal.B.It’sabittight.C.It’spretty.17.Whatwillthewomandointheend?A.Tryotherclothes.B.Datewiththeman.C.Starttoloseweight.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.HowdomostpeoplegotoGlacierBayNationalPark?A.Bycar.B.Byship.C.Byplane.19.Whatcanvisitorsdoiftheystaylocallyatahotel?A.TakearoutefromUnCruise.B.Haveaflightseeingtrip.C.ExperienceAlaskaAdventureSailing.20.WhatdoweknowaboutGlacierBayNationalPark?A.It’spartoftheWorldHeritageSite.B.It’shometomorethan200speciesofbutterflies.C.It’stheworld’ssecondlargestinternationallyprotectedarea.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ABeingstuckathomedoesn’tmeanthatlearningstops.Infact,it’sjusttheopposite.Herearesomeactivitiesandresourcestofosterkids’imaginationandbuildtheircuriosityathome.Let’sGetDowntotheScienceThesciencelabatschoolmaybeclosed,butyoucanstillputonawhitelabcoatandlearnathome.ThisTestTubeExperimentKitwillmakeyoufeellikeageniusinnotime.Kidswillgetthechancetolearnaboutbasicchemistry,physics,andmorebycreatingpop-resistantbubbles,bouncyballs,andotherobjects.ToInfinity(無窮)andBeyondEarthisapartoftheMilkyWayGalaxy,butdoyouknowtherearearound100milliongalaxiesintheuniverse?Therearesomanyfunandfascinatingthingstolearnaboutspacethatthepossibilitiestrulygotoinfinityandbeyond.Agreatwaytostartyourchild’seducationalspaceadventureiswiththisRealLifeStickerandActivityBook.TakeaWalkontheWildSideBiologyclassisinsession!Here’syourchancetogetupcloseandpersonalwithagreatwhitesharkwithoutputtingonawetsuit.This4DGreatWhiteSharkAnatomyKitallowsyoutogetaninsidelookatwhatmakesthesepredatorsofthedeepsopowerful.Andthentakeanevendeeperdiveintoashark’sworldwithIAmShark.Takeadvantageofthistimeathomeandfindnewwaystokeepexploringtheworldaroundyou.1.Whatiscommonamongtheactivitiesinthepassage?A.Theyareallcarriedoutoutdoors.B.Theyallrecommendstudyresourcestokids.C.Theyallencouragekidstodoexperiments.D.Theyareallassociatedwithphysics.2.Whichresourcefavorschildreninterestedinstars?A.4DGreatWhiteSharkAnatomyKit.B.TestTubeExperimentKit.C.RealLifeStickerandActivityBook.D.IAmShark.3.What’sthesharedgoaloftheactivities?A.Toinspirekidstostudyathome.B.Tosavekidsfromboredom.C.Togainfinancialbenefits.D.Toexplorenewtechnologies.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇應用文。宅在家并不意味著停止學習，本文介紹了一些可以培養(yǎng)孩子想象力和好奇心的活動和資源?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Beingstuckathomedoesn’tmeanthatlearningstops.(被困在家里并不意味著停止學習。)”和“Herearesomeactivitiesandresourcestofosterkids’imaginationandbuildtheircuriosityathome.(以下是一些活動和資源，可以在家里培養(yǎng)孩子們的想象力和好奇心。)”可知，這些活動的共同點是：它們都給孩子推薦了學習資源。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ToInfinity(無窮)andBeyond”下面的“Agreatwaytostartyourchild’seducationalspaceadventureiswiththisRealLifeStickerandActivityBook.(RealLifeStickerandActivityBook是開啟孩子寓教于樂的太空冒險活動的好方法。)”可知，星星與太空有關，所以對星星感興趣的孩子可以用的學習資源是RealLifeStickerandActivityBook這本書。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Beingstuckathomedoesn’tmeanthatlearningstops.(被困在家里并不意味著停止學習。)”和“Herearesomeactivitiesandresourcestofosterkids’imaginationandbuildtheircuriosityathome.(以下是一些活動和資源，可以在家里培養(yǎng)孩子們的想象力和好奇心。)”并結合最后一段“Takeadvantageofthistimeathomeandfindnewwaystokeepexploringtheworldaroundyou.(利用在家的時間，找到新的方法來不斷探索你周圍的世界吧。)”可知，這些活動的共同目標是鼓勵孩子在家學習。故選A。BFromthebackseatofarentalcar,2-year-oldHagenrepeatedlyaskedhisparentsthesamequestion:“Where’sBuzz?”AshleyDavisrealizedshehadleftherson’sfavoriteBuzzLightyearactionfigureontheplane.ShecalmlyexplainedtohersonthatBuzzwasona“specialmission”andwouldreturntohimshortly.Infact,shewasplanningtopurchaseareplacementtoyatanearbystore.LittledidDavisknowthatBuzzwas,infact,onaspecialmissionandwouldsoonbeback.JasonWilliamHamm,anoperationsagentatSouthwestAirlines,discoveredthetoyintheplane.HenoticedthenameHagenonthebottomofBuzz’sboot.“Iwasthinkingabouthowthislittleboyismissinghislittlebuddy,”Hammsaid.OncehetrackeddownHagen’sboardingrecord,hesentanemailtothefamily,askingfortheaddress.Whilewaitingforaresponse,Hammgotcreative.HetookphotosofBuzzinfrontofanairplane,anengineandevenacockpit(駕駛員座艙).Andhedidn’tstopthere.HammwrotealettertoHagen,completewithaBuzzLightyearlogo.“ToCommanderHagen,”theletterreads.“Iamveryexcitedtoreturntoyouuponcompletingmymission.IwasabletoexploretheairportandspaceportinLittleRock,ArkansaswhileIwasaway,andIhaveincludedphotosofmyadventure.MyjourneyhastaughtmealotbutIamsothankfultoreturntomybuddy.”O(jiān)ncehearingbackfromtheDavisfamily,Hammprintedoutthephotoshetook,bubble-wrappedBuzz,andputinthehandwrittenletter.ThenhedecoratedtheoutsideofthecardboardboxwithadrawingofBuzzLightyear,starsandplanets.Uponopeningthepackage,Daviswasspeechless.“Youcouldseealltheloveheputintoit,”shesaid.Hagenwasextremelysurprised.Hisexcitementwascaughtoncamera,andthecouplesentavideoofhisreactiontoHamm.“Seeingtheboy’ssmilemadeitallworthit,”Hammsaid.4.WhathappenedtoHagen’stoy?A.Itwasmissingaccidentally.B.Itdidn’tgetaboardtheplane.C.Itgotreplacedatanearbystore.D.Itwasassignedaspecialmission.5.WhatdidHammdowhenhefoundthetoy?A.Hemadeaphonecalltoitsowner.B.Heturnedtotheairportstaffforhelp.C.Hetracedtheinformationaboutitsowner.D.Hetookphotosofitandpostedthemonline.6.WhydidHammwritetheletter?A.TosurpriseHagenwithaninterestingstory.B.ToconvinceHagenthatthetoyishumanlike.CTosharehisadventurousexperiencewithHagen.D.Toshowthetoy’sstrongattachmenttoitsowner.7.WhatdoesDavisthinkofHamm’sdeed?A.Creative.B.Caring.C.Heroic.D.Charitable.【答案】4.A5.C6.A7.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了航空公司的運營代理杰森·威廉·哈姆在飛機上撿到兩歲的哈根遺失的巴斯光年公仔，他主動聯(lián)系哈根家人，并精心構思巴斯光年執(zhí)行特殊任務的故事，最后，在把玩具送回小主人手中的同時還給他帶去了大大的驚喜?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Fromthebackseatofarentalcar,2-year-oldHagenrepeatedlyaskedhisparentsthesamequestion:‘Where’sBuzz?’AshleyDavisrealizedshehadleftherson’sfavoriteBuzzLightyearactionfigureontheplane.(坐在租來的汽車后座上，兩歲的哈根反復問父母同一個問題：“巴斯在哪里?”阿什利·戴維斯意識到她把兒子最喜歡的巴斯光年公仔落在飛機上了)”可知，哈根的玩具不小心落在了飛機上，丟失了。故選A項。【5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“HenoticedthenameHagenonthebottomofBuzz’sboot.(他注意到巴斯靴子底部的哈根這個名字)”和下文“OncehetrackeddownHagen’sboardingrecord,hesentanemailtothefamily,askingfortheaddress.(他一查到哈根的登機記錄，就給哈根的家人發(fā)了一封電子郵件，詢問地址)”可知，哈姆發(fā)現(xiàn)玩具后開始追蹤了關于玩具主人的信息。故選C項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“‘ToCommanderHagen,’theletterreads.‘Iamveryexcitedtoreturntoyouuponcompletingmymission.IwasabletoexploretheairportandspaceportinLittleRock,ArkansaswhileIwasaway,andIhaveincludedphotosofmyadventure.MyjourneyhastaughtmealotbutIamsothankfultoreturntomybuddy.’(“致哈根司令，”信上寫道?！巴瓿扇蝿蘸螅液芘d奮能回到你身邊。當我離開的時候，我探索了阿肯色州小石城的機場和太空港，我附上了我的冒險照片。我的旅程教會了我很多，但我很感激能回到我的朋友身邊?！?”和第五段中“Hagenwasextremelysurprised.(哈根非常吃驚)”可推知，哈姆在信中描述了巴斯光年公仔的歷險經(jīng)歷，是為了用一個有趣的故事給哈根一個驚喜。故選A項。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中“Uponopeningthepackage,Daviswasspeechless.“Youcouldseealltheloveheputintoit,”shesaid.(打開包裹時，戴維斯說不出話來?！澳隳芸吹剿麑λ鼉A注的所有愛，”她說)”可推知，戴維斯認為哈姆的行為充滿了愛心，非常體貼。故選B項。CChatGPTisanewAIsystemthatsoundssohumaninconversationsthatitcouldhostitsownradioprograms.Readingbetweenitsinstantlygenerated,perfectlygrammaticallines,peopleseedifferentvisionsofthefuture.Withoutdoubt,ChatGPTisimpressive.SomecomparetheemergenceofChatGPTtotheimpactoftheiPhone,butthatdoesn’tdoitjustice.ChatGPT,aswellasthegenerativeAIthatwillfollowandoutsmartit,isdisruptive.Andyet,thatdoesn’tnecessarilymeantheendoftheworldisuponus.Onthecontrary,ChatGPT,Iwouldargue,mightservetomakeusmoreawareofourirreplaceablehumanqualities.Takethecreativeact,writinginparticular,asanexample.Ifyouwantitto,theAI-poweredchatbot(聊天機器人)alwaysproducessomethingbecauseithasthewholeworldofonlinedatatodrawfrom.Butunlikeus,itlackstheconsciousness.Thinkingishard,criticalthinkingevenharder,andChatGPTisn’tgoodateither.Itjustrestateswhathasalreadybeensaid;itisonebigrecyclingmachine.ThereisanotherobviouslimitationofChatGPT.PhilosopherHarryFrankfurtonceclaimed:thedifferencebetweenabullshitter(胡說八道的人)andaliaristhattheliarknowswhatthetruthisbutdecidestotaketheoppositedirection;abullshitter,however,hasnoregardforthetruthatall.TheAIscholarGaryMarusappliesthisdistinctiontoChatGPT.Hebelievesthatwehavereachedacriticalpointwhere“thepriceofbullshitreacheszeroandpeoplewhowanttospreadmisinformation,eitherpoliticallyorjusttomakeaprofit,startdoingthatplentifully”.Unfortunately,ChatGPTwillreproducemisinformationfromanyofitsinputsources—itisnotanintelligentsystemthattriestobalanceorweighdifferentperspectives.Inthissense,everythingthatChatGPTwritesisbullshit.Thisiswhytheso-calledAIQiscritical.ItisactuallyanextensionandameasurementofourhumanIQ:ouroverallknowledgeofAItools,ourmasteryofclues,andourethicalawareness.ChatGPTisgoingtochangeeverything—andnothing.Creativity,imaginationandethics—thesewillallremainuniquehumanrange.ItistheAI’sverylimitationsthatwillmakeusappreciateourown.8.WhatcanwelearnaboutChatGPTfromthepassage?A.Itgeneratesimmediatelanguageresponses.B.Itprovidesinstructionsonwritingskills.C.Ithelpsgenerateanartificialvoice.D.Itoffersaserviceforlanguagelearning.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“disruptive”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Evil. B.Revolutionary. C.Profitable. D.Reliable.10.WhydoestheauthorconsiderChatGPTasabullshitgenerator?A.Itmakesupliesconstantly.B.Italwaystakesaneutralstandpoint.C.Itoftenmakesunfairjudgement.D.Itcan’ttellrightfromwrong.11.What’sthepassagemainlyabout?A.ChatGPTshouldbetreatedlikeatoy,notatool.B.ChatGPTiscausingpanicnow.C.ChatGPTmakesusrealizetheuniquehumanfeatures.D.ChatGPTisboundtogeneratebullshit.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇議論文，論述了與人類相比，新型人工智能ChatGPT的優(yōu)點和缺點，從而贊美了只有人類所具有的創(chuàng)造力、想象力和道德這些獨特品質?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Readingbetweenitsinstantlygenerated,perfectlygrammaticallines,peopleseedifferentvisionsofthefuture.(在即時生成的、語法完美的字里行間閱讀，人們看到了對未來的不同愿景。)”可知，ChatGPT可以即時生成文字。再結合第三段中的“Ifyouwantitto,theAI-poweredchatbot(聊天機器人)alwaysproducessomethingbecauseithasthewholeworldofonlinedatatodrawfrom.(如果你愿意，這個人工智能聊天機器人總是會產(chǎn)生一些東西，因為它有整個世界的在線數(shù)據(jù)可供借鑒。)”可知，ChatGPT是一個人工智能聊天機器人，它可以借鑒全球在線數(shù)據(jù)來和人類聊天。由此可以看出，ChatGPT可以即時生成語言回復。故選A?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中disruptive所在句的后一句“Andyet,thatdoesn’tnecessarilymeantheendoftheworldisuponus.(然而，這并不一定意味著世界末日即將來臨。)”可推斷出，ChatGPT及未來的人工智能對世界可能帶來極大的改變，disruptive意為“破壞性的”，在此處可引申為“顛覆性的”。evil邪惡的；revolutionary革命性的，突破性的；profitable盈利的；reliable可依靠的。B項意思與其最為接近。故選B?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Butunlikeus,itlackstheconsciousness.Thinkingishard,criticalthinkingevenharder,andChatGPTisn’tgoodateither.(但與我們不同的是，它缺乏意識。思考很難，批判性思維更難，而ChatGPT也不擅長。)”和倒數(shù)第二段中的“Unfortunately,ChatGPTwillreproducemisinformationfromanyofitsinputsources—itisnotanintelligentsystemthattriestobalanceorweighdifferentperspectives.(不幸的是，ChatGPT將從其任何輸入來源復制錯誤信息——它不是一個試圖平衡或權衡不同觀點的智能系統(tǒng)。)”可知，ChatGPT缺乏人類所具有的意識，無法評判不同的觀點。由此可推斷，它“胡說八道”的原因是它沒有區(qū)分對錯的能力。故選D?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章首先描述了ChatGPT的非凡能力，接著第二段最后一句“Onthecontrary,ChatGPT,Iwouldargue,mightservetomakeusmoreawareofourirreplaceablehumanqualities.(相反，我認為，ChatGPT可能有助于讓我們更加意識到我們不可替代的人類品質。)”點明主題：ChatGPT會讓我們關注自身所擁有的獨特品質。接下來作者講述了ChatGPT在創(chuàng)造性上的不足和不分對錯的局限。作者并在最后一段提到“Creativity,imaginationandethics—thesewillallremainuniquehumanrange.ItistheAI’sverylimitationsthatwillmakeusappreciateourown.(創(chuàng)造力、想象力和道德——這些都將仍是人類獨有的領域。正是人工智能的局限性讓我們欣賞自己的局限性。)”，點明了人類品質的重要性。故選C。DAresearchshowsanimated(動畫)moviescanserveasvaluabletoolsforparentstoimprovecommunicationwithchildren.Disneyfilms,forexample,combineentertainmentwithlifelessonsaboutlove,friendship,goodversusevil,deathandloss,andtheimportanceoffamily.Talkingabouttheseimportantissuestogethercanstrengthenachild’scognitive(認知的)andbehavioraldevelopment,accordingtoastudybytheUniversityofHouston.Researchersfoundparents,brothersandsistershavebecomeobviouslymorevisibleinDisneyfilmsoverthelastdecade.Almost73%ofthefilmssharedthemessageaboutlovingyourselfandothers,and27%focusedonmoralityandsocialvalues.“Basedonexamplesgeneratedfromthesemovies,parentscouldhearvariouspotentialquestionskidsmayaskiftheyareanxiousaboutasituationthatisfacedbychildcharacters,”saidMonitCheung,thestudy’sleadauthor.“Apartfromthesefamilystories,filmscanalsoteachchildrenaboutunfairsituationsinsocietyandacceptanceofdifferences.”ThestudyevenprovidesatableoftheDisneyfilmsandtheirthemestohelpparentsdecidewhichmovieismostrelevantbasedonthedevelopmentalageoftheirchildorwhatproblemstheirchildrenarefacing.JoanHuang,co-authoroftheresearch,usedthescenebetweenScarandMufasain“TheLionKing”asanexampletodiscussthemeaningsofconflict,deathandgrief.TheresearcherspointouthowDisneymoviestodayillustrate(說明)familiesasmorediverse,potentiallyleadingtoabetterunderstandingandrespectforculturaldifferences.“EarlyDisneyfilmsfocusedonlovewithinromanticrelationships,butrecentmovieslike‘Frozen’focusonthepoweroflovebetweenfamilymembers,”Huangexplained.“It’sasignificantchangeinhowlovecanbeverydiverseandhowpeopleapplylovetotheirsocialrelationships.Disneyfilmscouldbeusedasmaterialstoopenparent-childconversationstofeedchildren’smindsandbroadentheirhorizonsoflife.”12.Whatshouldparentsdoaccordingtotheresearch?A.TalkaboutissuesshowninDisneyfilmswiththeirchildren.B.Payattentiontochildren’sbehavioraldevelopment.C.Combineentertainmentwiththeirlife.D.Limitthetimetheirchildrenspendwatchinganimatedmovies.13.WhatwillMonitCheungprobablyagreewith?A.Deathandlossshouldbeavoidedinanimatedmovies.B.Kidsoftenaskunrelatedquestionswhilewatchinganimatedmovies.C.Disneyfilmshavepaidmoreattentiontofamilyinthelastdecade.DParentsareworriedaboutthesocialvaluesoftheirchildren.14.HowdoDisneyfilmsleadtorespectforculturaldifferences?A.Theyeachhaveadifferenttheme.B.Theygiveexamplesofdiversefamilies.C.Theyshowculturesofdifferentcountries.D.Theyarewatchedbykidsaroundtheworld.15.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.Parent-childConversationsBroadenKids’HorizonsB.AnimatedMoviesMayHelpParentsCommunicatewithKidsC.ResearchersGoaStepFurtherintoCulturalAwarenessD.DisneyFilmsAreTurningtoMoreEducationalGoals【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。一項研究表明，動畫電影可以作為父母改善與孩子溝通的寶貴工具?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Talkingabouttheseimportantissuestogethercanstrengthenachild’scognitive(認知的)andbehavioraldevelopment,accordingtoastudybytheUniversityofHouston.(根據(jù)休斯頓大學的一項研究，一起談論這些重要問題可以促進孩子認知和行為方面的發(fā)展。)”可知，該研究表明，和孩子一起談論迪士尼電影中所表達的問題，可以有助于孩子認知能力和行為能力的提升。故選A?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Researchersfoundparents,brothersandsistershavebecomeobviouslymorevisibleinDisneyfilmsoverthelastdecade.(研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，在過去十年中，父母、兄弟姐妹在迪士尼電影中的形象明顯越來越多。)”可知，在過去的十年里，迪士尼電影更加注重家庭主題。故選C。【14題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“TheresearcherspointouthowDisneymoviestodayillustrate(說明)familiesasmorediverse,potentiallyleadingtoabetterunderstandingandrespectforculturaldifferences.(研究人員指出了當今迪士尼電影是如何將家庭描繪得更加多樣化的，這有可能使人們更好地理解和尊重文化差異。)”說明了迪士尼電影通過向觀眾展示多元化家庭的例子來使人們尊重文化差異。故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Aresearchshowsanimated(動畫)moviescanserveasvaluabletoolsforparentstoimprovecommunicationwithchildren.(一項研究表明，動畫電影可以作為父母改善與孩子溝通的寶貴工具。)”和最后一段中的“Disneyfilmscouldbeusedasmaterialstoopenparent-childconversationstofeedchildren’smindsandbroadentheirhorizonsoflife.(迪士尼電影可以被用作開啟親子對話的素材，滋養(yǎng)孩子們的思想，拓寬他們的生活視野。)”可知，本文圍繞迪士尼動畫電影對改善親子溝通的作用展開，所以B項“動畫電影可能有助于家長和孩子溝通”最適合作本文標題。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Assummerapproaches,manyarerefreshingtheirgardenstoreflectthechangeinseason.Aswebecomemoreeco-conscious,promotingbiodiversity(生物多樣性)topsourto-dolist.____16____.◆Growplantsforpollinators.Pollinatorslikebeescanseethecolorpurplemoreclearlythananyother,soplantingpurplecolorflowerslikelavenderwillleadtoabee-filledparadise(天堂).Herbsalsoattractbutterfliesandbeesifyouallowthemtoflower.Akeytiptorememberisthatmostrosesaren’tidealforpollinators.____17____.◆Justaddwater.Addrunningwatertoyourgarden.____18____.Suchadditioncanmakeitmoreappealingtobirdsandwildlife.Addingabirdbathorasmallwaterfeaturecanattractawholenewrangeofwildlife,fromfrogstodragonflies.Addsmallrocksintoyourwaterfeaturetopreventinsectsoranimalsdrowning.◆____19____.Home-grownplantsadapttolocalsoilandenvironmentalconditions,meaningthattheyrequirelesscare.Theyalsopromotebiodiversityanddecreasesoilerosion(侵蝕),whilealsoreducingtheuseofchemicalfertilizers(化肥)—atruewin-win.Bybuyinghome-grownplantsyoucanhelptopreventforeignspeciesreachingyourgardenandthecountryside.Althoughthesespeciesareoftenharmlessintheirnativehabitats,theycancausediseaseandcompetitioninanewenvironment.◆Createhomesforwildlife.____20____.Soconsiderbuildingbeehotelsandbirdhouses,placingplantingpotsupsidedown,orevenlettingleavesandstickspileupinthegardentoprovideasafeplaceforwildlife.Andbeforeyoucommityourselftoaneatlypolishedspace,considerleavingroomforalittlechaos.A.SticktonativeplantsB.GrowdomesticvegetablesC.ItisdifficultforthebeestogettothecenteroftheflowertofeedD.HerearesometipstohelpstrikethebalancebetweenbeautyandbiodiversityEDon’tfeeldiscouragedifthewildlifeshelterisemptyatfirstF.ThoughtfulstructuresingardensareidealsheltersG.Ithelpspurifytheairandprovidenutritionforlocalwildlife【答案】16.D17.C18.G19.A20.F【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一些做園藝時在美和生物多樣性之間尋求平衡的方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文中的“refreshingtheirgardens”“moreeco-conscious”“promotingbiodiversity”可知，上文提到了想要讓花園煥然一新以及有促進生物多樣性的環(huán)保意識。結合下文分條列出的建議可知，空處應承上啟下，D項“以下是一些有助于在美和生物多樣性之間取得平衡的建議”符合題意。故選D。【17題詳解】上文“Akeytiptorememberisthatmostrosesaren’tidealforpollinators.(需要記住的一個關鍵提示是，大多數(shù)玫瑰對傳粉昆蟲來說并不理想)”提到了不要在花園種不利于傳粉的玫瑰，接下來應對此進行解釋，C項“蜜蜂很難到達花朵的中心覓食”符合題意。故選C?！?8題詳解】上文“Addrunningwatertoyourgarden.(給你的花園加自來水)”建議加自來水，這里應解釋這么做的好處，G項“它有助于凈化空氣并為當?shù)匾吧鷦游锾峁I養(yǎng)”符合題意。故選G?！?9題詳解】空處是本段小標題。根據(jù)下文多次提到的“Home-grownplants”和整段內容可知，本段主要介紹了種本地植物的好處，所以A項“堅持種本地植物”符合題意。故選A?！?0題詳解】小標題“Createhomesforwildlife.(為野生動物建造家園)”表明了本段主要講述的是如何給野生動物筑窩。F項“花園中體貼的建筑是理想的庇護所”符合題意，其中的“idealshelters”與小標題中的“homes”相照應。故選F。第三部分語言知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空的最佳選項。WhenNihalwaseightyearsold,hewenttovisithisgrandparentswholivedneartheKrishariver.Hesawpeople____21____rubbishandplasticwasteintothewater.Thiswasthepointatwhichtheecologistinhim____22____,andhewantedtodosomething.Nihalhasalwaysbeen____23____byenvironmentalissues,buthe’snevergiventhemmuch____24____exceptreadingtherelevantnovels.____25____,oneday,afterhearingaboutalargefire____26____byalithiumbattery(鋰離子電池)atawastedisposal(處置)siteinCalifornia,hebecame____27____anddeterminedtodosomething.Hethought,althoughtheproblemcouldbesettled,manypeoplewhowereobservingwouldsimply____28____it.That’swhentheconceptfor“RecycleMyBattery”____29____.Then,Nihaldidmoreresearchintobattery_____30_____anddiscoveredthatmanyworldwidecompanieshave_____31_____aboutbatteries.“Surelytherehastobea_____32_____tokeepthemoutoflandfills(廢物填埋地),”heremarked.Thenhebeganto_____33_____batteriesathisschoolandintheneighbourhood.Hisfatherwoulddrivehim_____34_____throughouteverycorneroftownstocollect_____35_____batteries.Withsomanybatteriespiledup,hedecidedto_____36_____hisownnon-profitRecycleMyBattery.Sofar,morethan1.5millionpeoplehave_____37_____RecycleMyBattery.Nihalandhisstrongteamofyoungpeoplehavealreadyrecycledover150,000desertedbatteriesandtaughtover1.5millionpeopleaboutthe_____38_____ofbatteryrecycling.Nihal,nowonly12yearsold,hasbeenstrugglingforthreeyearsto_____39_____thebatterypollution,callingonotherstoraisebatteryrecycling_____40_____andworkingtowardstheaimofzeropollution.21.A.pushing B.settling C.hiding D.throwing22.A.agreed B.existed C.appeared D.acted23.A.attracted B.confused C.touched D.delighted24.A.donation B.prediction C.conclusion D.consideration25.A.Moreover B.However C.Instead D.Besides26.A.caused B.burnt C.lighted D.set27.A.curious B.shocked C.proud D.cautious28.A.allow B.treasure C.order D.ignore29.A.brokedown B.stuckout C.cameabout D.gotaround30.A.distributions B.bursts C.expenses D.restrictions31.A.concerns B.doubts C.connection D.patience32.A.version B.course C.pace D.way33.A.restore B.collect C.rent D.purchase34.A.tirelessly B.gratefully C.sincerely D.curiously35.A.brand-new B.energy-consuming C.second-hand D.home-made36.A.rebuild B.expand C.support D.establish37.A.thrownlighton B.brokenawayfrom C.signedupfor D.comeupwith38.A.necessity B.capacity C.decision D.creation39.A.measure B.recycle C.clear D.investigate40.A.assessment B.awareness C.advertisement D.protection【答案】21.D22.C23.A24.D25.B26.A27.B28.D29.C30.B31.A32.D33.B34.A35.C36.D37.C38.A39.C40.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。Nihal在八歲的時候就有了環(huán)保意識，他成立了RecycleMyBattery來回收舊電池，號召人們提高回收舊電池的環(huán)保意識，減少污染，并取得了不錯的成果?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他看到人們把垃圾和塑料廢物扔進水中。A.pushing推；B.settling解決（分歧、糾紛等）；C.hiding隱藏；D.throwing扔，擲。根據(jù)空后的“rubbishandplasticwaste”可知，這里指扔垃圾和塑料廢物。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這就是他身上的環(huán)境保護主義者出現(xiàn)的時刻，他想做點什么。A.agreed同意；B.existed存在；C.appeared出現(xiàn)；D.acted表現(xiàn)。根據(jù)上下文和句中的“thepointatwhichtheecologistinhim”可知，這里是說他身上的環(huán)保意識出現(xiàn)的時刻。故選C。【23題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Nihal一直被環(huán)境問題吸引，但除了閱讀相關小說外，他從未考慮太多這些問題。A.attracted吸引；B.confused使困惑；C.touched觸摸，觸動；D.delighted使高興。根據(jù)空后的“environmentalissues”可知，他被環(huán)境問題吸引。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意參考上題。A.donation捐獻；B.prediction預測；C.conclusion結論；D.consideration仔細考慮，深思。根據(jù)下文中的“Hethought,althoughtheproblemcouldbesettled...”可推測出，在此之前，他從未認真思考過環(huán)境問題。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，有一天，在聽說加利福尼亞的一個廢物處理站鋰電池引發(fā)一場大火后，他感到震驚，并決心做點什么。A.Moreover此外；B.However然而；C.Instead反而；D.Besides而且。上文“he’snevergiventhemmuch____4____exceptreadingtherelevantnovels”表明他之前從未認真考慮過環(huán)境問題，下文“hebecame____7____anddeterminedtodosomething”表明他決定做些什么，前后表示轉折。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意參考上題。A.caused造成；B.burnt燃燒；C.lighted點燃；D.set設置。根據(jù)空后的“byalithiumbattery”可知，火災是由鋰電池引發(fā)的。故選A。【27題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.curious好奇的；B.shocked震驚的；C.proud驕傲的；D.cautious小心的。根據(jù)常識和上文的“alargefire____6____byalithiumbattery(鋰離子電池)atawastedisposal(處置)siteinCalifornia”可知，在聽到發(fā)生火災的消息后，他感到很震驚。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他認為，盡管這個問題可以解決，但許多在觀察的人會忽視它。A.allow允許；B.treasure珍視；C.order命令；D.ignore忽視。根據(jù)although可知，上下文表示轉折，由此可推測，這些人會忽視這個問題。故選D。【29題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：就在那時，“回收我的電池”的概念產(chǎn)生了。A.brokedown出故障；B.stuckout醒目；C.cameabout發(fā)生，產(chǎn)生；D.gotaround各處走動。根據(jù)下文中的“hedecidedto____16____hisownnon-profitRecycleMyBattery”可知，他想讓人們意識到電池爆炸的風險，所以成立了“回收我的電池”，這里是說該項目的概念產(chǎn)生。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，Nihal對電池爆炸進行了更多的研究，發(fā)現(xiàn)世界各地的許多公司都對電池感到擔憂。A.distributions分配；B.bursts爆破；C.expenses花費；D.restrictions限制規(guī)定。根據(jù)上文中的“alargefire____6____byalithiumbattery(鋰離子電池)atawastedisposal(處置)siteinCalifornia”和常識可知，電池處理不當會發(fā)生爆炸。故選B?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意參考上題。A.concerns擔心；B.doubts疑惑，疑問；C.connection聯(lián)系；D.patience耐心。根據(jù)空后的“aboutbatteries”可知，許多公司也擔心電池問