2022年考研英語全題型高分強化教程十七

2022考研英語全題型高分強化教程十七(1)人口與種族

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WorkingFarFromHome?

AlHusseinis19.Heisstrugglingtostayseatedontopofahugetruckcrossingthedesert.Hehasbeenridinglikethatforhours,breathingdust,inanunbearableheat.Hehaslefthishome,histwinbrother,andtherestofhisfamilydownSouth.Beyondthedesertliesthesea,andmaybe,ifheisluckyaboattoEuropewherehehopestogetajob,tostartanewlife,andtosendmoneytohisvillage.

AlHusseinishardlyaloneinhisperiloustrek.Some150millionmen,womenandevenchildren,aboutthreepercentoftheworld”spopulation,areoutsidetheircountryoforigincomingasstrangerstothecountrywheretheyreside.Thereisnocontinent,noregionoftheworldwhichhasnomigrantswithinitsboundaries.Everycountryhasbecomeacountryoforigin,transitordestinationofmigrants.Manyareallthree.Morethanhalfofinternationalmigrantsliveindevelopingcountries.AccordingtotheInternationalOrganizationforMigration,thelargestnumbersofinternationalmigrantsarelocatedinAsia;EuropeandNorthAmericahaveaboutequalnumbersfollowedbyAfrica,LatinAmerica,andOceaniawithprogressivelyfewernumbers.TheInternationalLaborOrganization（ILO）estimatesthatupto80millionofthesearemigrantworkers.In1997,ILOestimatedthatthenumberofmigrantworkerswasasfollows:Africa,20Million;NorthAmerica,17million;CentralandSouthAmerica12million;Asia7million;theMiddleEast（Arabcountries）,9million,andEurope30million.

Migrationishardlyarecentorlocalizedphenomenon.Womenandmenhavebeenleavingtheirhomelandsinsearchofabetterjob.Peoplealsoleavetheirowncountriesbecauseofcivilconflictsandinsecurityorpersecution.However,inthisglobalizedworld,wearewitnessingunprecedentedlyhighlabormobilityandanincreasingpressureofmigration.GarethHowell,InternationalLaborOrganizationrepresentativetotheUnitedNations,pointsoutthat“theincreasingrestrictionsonimmigrationleadstoincreasedtraffickingofmigrantsoftenwithtragicpersonalconsequences.“

Womenandchildrenaccountformorethanhalfoftherefugees,andtheirproportionareincreasinginthecaseofothercategoriesofmigrants.96percentofchildrenwhoworkandsleepinthestreetaremigrants，abouthalfofthemgirlsagedbetween8and14.

Migrantsareaparticularlyvulnerablegroupandseetheirrightsroutinelyviolated,notonlyasworkers,butashumanbeings.Theycommonlyfacediscriminationandxenophobichostility.AccordingtotheInternationalOrganizationformigration（IOM）migrants“aremoreandmoretargetedasthescapegoatsforallmannerofdomesticproblemsfacingsocietiestoday,particularlyunemployment,crime,drugs,eventerrorism.“AsnotedbyMsGabrielaRodriguezPizarro,UnitedNationsSpecialRapporteuronthehumanrightsofmigrants“Thisisespeciallytrueinthecaseofthemanymigrantswhoareundocumentedorinanirregularsituation,includingthevictimsoftraffickinginpersons,whoarethemostvulnerabletohumanrightsviolations.“AccordingtotheUN,between300,000and600,000womenaresmuggledeachyearintotheEuropeanUnionandcertainCentralEuropeancountries.TheproblemisalsowidespreadinAfricaandLatinAmerica.

ReadingComprehension

1.Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedinthefirstparagraph?

[A]AlHusseinwasgoingabroadforwork.

[B]TheworkthatAlHusseinintendedtodowasveryhard.

[C]AlHusseinwassoyoung.

[D]AlHusseinwantedtostartanewlife.

2.What”sthemostsuitabletitleforthearticle?

[A]WorkingFarFromHome?

[B]MigrationandDiscrimination.

[C]Togoabroad.

[D]Problemsaboutmigration.

3.Readthethirdparagraphandfindoutwhichonewasnottrue.

[A]Migrationisaphenomenonwhichexistforalongtime.

[B]Migrationisnotalocalizedphenomenon.

[C]Migrationislocalizedbutnotarecentphenomenon.

[D]Globalizedworldhashighlabormobility.

4.Whichofthefollowingistrue?

[A]Womenrequiredfortheirhumanrights.

[B]Childrenaccountfor96percentofmigrants.

[C]Halfofthefemalemigrantsagedbetween8and14.

[D]Maleadultsaccountforlessthanhalfoftherefugees.

5.Whatdoesparagraph5mainly