中考英語語法之狀語從句講解及練習

PAGE1PAGE6中考專題二狀語從句主講老師：任帥概念：狀語從句在句中作狀語分為：時間、條件、讓步、原因、目的、結果、比較、地點、方式。時間狀語從句引導時間狀語從句的連詞有：when,as,while,until,not…until,before,after,since,theminute,themoment,each(every,next,thefirst)time等。時間狀語從句中一般用一般現(xiàn)在時或一般過去時。when,while,as都可解釋為“當```的時候”但側重點有所不同。WhenEg:WhenIarrivedhome,Ihadalittlerest.注意：when從句的主語與主句主語相同，謂語動詞是be動詞時，從句主語和be可以省略。Eg:When(shewas)walkingalongthestreet,shemetherclassteacher.AsAs除了表示“當```的時候”，還可表示為“一面```一面”，“隨著”Eg:Hesangashedanced.(一面```一面)Youwillgrowwiserasyougrowolder.(隨著)While表示“當```的時候”強調(diào)主句的動作和從句的動作同時發(fā)生，從句一般用進行時，從句動詞必須是延續(xù)性動詞。Eg:Whilewewereworking,theywerehavingarest.While(theywere)havingadiscussion,theygotveryconfused.注意：while還有“然而”的意思。eg:Ipreferblacktea,whilehelikescoffee.until,not…until“直到```才”,在肯定句中主句常用延續(xù)性動詞；在否定句中主句常用短暫性動詞?？隙ň洌篒waiteduntilmidnight.否定句：Ididnotleaveuntilmidnight.注意：1）notuntil…在句首，主句用倒裝eg:NotuntilyouhadexplainedhowdidImanagetodoit.2)Itisnotuntil…that…引導的強調(diào)句Itwasnotuntilitwasdarkthathecameback.3.theminute,themoment,eachtime表示“一```就```”eg:Theworkerrecognizedthetypeofthemachinethemomenthesawit.hardly/scarcely…when,nosooner…than,assoonas表示為“一```就```”eg:Ihadhardly/scarcelygothomewhenitbegantorain.Ihadnosoonergothomethanitbegantorain.ItbegantorainassoonasIgothome.注意：hardly/scarcely…when,nosooner…than位于句首，主句用倒裝eg:HadIhardly/scarcelygothomewhenitbegantorain.NosoonerhadIgothomethanitbegantorain.5.Bythetime+狀從（過去時），主句（過去完成時）Bythetime+狀從（現(xiàn)在時），主句（將來完成時）Bythetimeshecameback,alltheguesthadleft.Bythetimetheclassisover,wewillhavefinishedlearningthewholepassage.練習題1.Itwasquiet________thosebigtrucksstartedcomingthroughthetown.A.beforeB.afterC.untilD.unless

2.Itseemedonlyseconds________theboyfinishedwashinghisface.A.whenB.beforeC.afterD.evenif3.Hardlyhadhereachedtheschoolgate________thebellrang.A.whileB.whenC.asD.assoonas

4.Weweretoldthatweshouldfollowthemainroad_____wereachedthecentralrailwaystation.A.whenever

B.until

C.while

D.wherever5.Irecognizedyou________Isawyouattheairport.A.themomentB.whileC.afterD.once

6.Hewasabouttogotobed________thedoorbellrang.A.whileB.asC.beforeD.when7.________Ilistentoyouradvice,Igetintotrouble.A.EverytimeB.WhenC.WhileD.Until8._____JohnwaswatchingTV,hiswifewascooking.A.AsB.AssoonasC.WhileD.Till9.Thechildrenranawayfromtheorchard(果園)______theysawtheguard.A.themomentB.afterC.beforeD.as10.NosoonerhadIarrivedhome_____itbegantorain.A.whenB.whileC.asD.than11.Severalweekshadgoneby_____Irealizedthepaintingwasmissing.

--We’llgotothelibrarytomorrowifit___.A.isn’train

B.rain

C.won’train

D.doesn’train7.—Doyouknowwhenhewillcomebacktomorrow?--Sorry,Idon’tknow.Whenhe____back,I’lltellyou.A.comes

B.willcome

C.come

D.maycome8.Whatwillyoudoifyou_____totheoldfolk’shomevisit?A.go

B.went

C.going

D.willgo9.___________Ieatmuchfood,I’llbeveryfat.A.Although

B.if

C.while

D.because10.I’llnotgivethebooktohim________hewillcomeherenextSunday.A.if

B.aslongas

C.though

D.unless11.There____anEnglishfilminourschooltomorrow.A.isgoingtohave

B.willhave

C.isgoingtobe

D.has12.Couldyoutelluswhere____？A.willthenextOlympicGamesheld

B.thenextOlympicGameswillbeheldC.wouldthenextOlympicGamesbeheldD.thenextOlympicGameswouldbeheld13.Whenmymotherreturnedlastnight,I____

abook.A.read

B.amreading

C.wasreading

D.amgoingtoread14.What____you____whenitbegantorain?A.do,do

B.were,doing

C.are,doing

D.did,do15.I’llwakeyouupwhenhe____back.A.will

B.isgoingtocome

C.comes

D.come三．讓步狀語從句1.概念：一般翻譯為“盡管……即使……”就是我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪杏玫摹巴艘徊秸f……”的感覺。2.引導讓步狀語從句的連詞有：though,although,evenif/though,however,nomatterhow,nomatterwhat,nomatterwho等。（1）though,although表示“雖然，縱然”之意。這兩個連詞意思大致相同，在一般情況下可以互換使用，都可與yet,still或nevertheless連用，但不能與but連用。Although/Thoughhewaswornout,(still)hekeptonworking.Although/Thoughheisveryold,(yet)heisquitestrong.注意：though引導的讓步狀語從句還可位于主句主句之后。Shepassedtheexaminationthoughshehadnotstudiedveryhard.（2）as表示“雖然……但是”，“縱使……”之意。as引導的讓步狀語從句必須以部分倒裝的形式出現(xiàn)，though間或也用于這樣的結構中，但although不可以這樣用。Objectas/thoughyoumay,I’llgo.(=Though/Althoughyoumayobject,I’llgo.)Hardas/thoughheworks,hemakeslittleprogress.(=Thoughheworkshard,hemakeslittleprogress.)Childas/thoughhewas,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.（=Thoughhewasachild,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.）（3）evenif,eventhough表示“即使……”，“縱使……”之意。意思基本相同,?？苫Q使用，但意義有細微差別。evenif引導的讓步從句含有強烈的假定性，而eventhough引導讓步狀語從句時，是以從句的內(nèi)容為先決條件的。We’llmakeatripevenif/thoughtheweatherisbad.Evenifheispoor,sheloveshim.(=Hemaybepoor,yetsheloveshim.)Eventhoughheispoor,sheloveshim.(=Heispoor,yetsheloveshim.)（4）whether...or...表示“不論是否……”，“不管是……還是……”之意。You'llhavetoattendtheceremonywhetheryou'refreeorbusy.Whetheryoubelieveitornot,it'strue.（5）“nomatter+疑問詞”或“疑問詞-ever”為“……都……；不管……都……”，Nomatterwhathappened,hewouldnotmind.(=Whateverhappened,hewouldnotmind.)Nomatterwhoyouare,youmustkeepthelaw.(=Whoeveryouare,youmustkeepthelaw.注意：“nomatter+疑問詞”結構只能引導讓步狀語從句，而“疑問詞-ever”還可以引導名詞性從句。Whatever(=Nomatterwhat)yousay,Iwon’tbelieveyou.I'lleatwhatever(≠nomatterwhat)yougiveme.練習題1Thelawyerseldomwearsanythingotherthanasuit____theseason.AwhateverBwhereverCwheneverDhowever2Manyofthemturnedadeafeartohisadvice,____theyknewittobevaluable.AasifBnowthatCeventhoughDsothat3____Ireallydon'tlikeart,Ifindhisworkimpressive.AAsBSinceCIf

DWhile4____hehaslimitedtechnicalknowledge,theoldworkerhasalotofexperience.ASinceBUnlessCAsDAlthough5____Ihavesomesympathyforthem,Idon'tthinktheyarerighttodoso.AAsBIfCWhileDWhen6____theCustomsOffice,hewillhavetodeclarethissortofthingshecarrieswithhimtotheCustomsOfficer.ANomatterwhowillcomethroughBwhocomethroughCNomatterwhomcomesthroughDWhoevercomesthrough7Whatatightvolleyballgame!Welostit____wealltriedourbest.AbecauseBthoughCuntilDunless8Thisisaveryinterestingbook.I'llbuyit,____.AhowmuchmayitcostBnomatterhowitmaycostChowevermuchitmaycostDhowmayitcost9Allpeople,____theyareoldoryoung,richorpoor,havebeentryingtheirbesttohelpthoseinneedsincethedisaster.AevenifBwhetherCnomatterDhowever10Allowchildrenthespacetovoicetheiropinions,____theyaredifferentfromyourown.AuntilBevenifCunlessDasthough11____wellpreparedyouare,you

stillneedalotofluckinmountainclimbing.AHoweverBWhateverCNomatterDAlthough12____hungryIam,Ineverseemtobeabletofinishoffthisloafofbread.AWhateverBWheneverCWhereverDHowever13____theInternetisofgreathelp,Idon'tthinkit'sagoodideatospendtoomuchtimeonit.AIfBWhileCBecauseDAs14____youdecidetospendyourholidays,onethingiscertain,youwillgettoyourdestination,freshandsafe.AWhateverBWhoeverCWhereverDWhichever15____,Icouldnotmemorizethetext.

AHoweverharddidItryBHoweverhadItriedCHoweverItriedhardDHoweverIhadtriedhard四．原因狀語從句引導原因狀語從句的連詞有：because,since,as,nowthat,consideringthat,forthereasonthat,duetothefactthat,owingtothefactthat等because引導的原因狀語從句一般放于主句之后，because表示直接原因，語氣最強，通常用于回答why引導的疑問句。IdoitbecauseIlikeit.2.since，asseeing(that)，now(that)，considering(that)，inthat表示“既然，由于”。As/Sinceyouarenotverywell,youhadbetterhavearest.Seeing(that)herefusedtohelpus,there’snoreasonthatweshouldnowhelphim.Now(that)youaregrownup,youshouldnotrelyonyourparents.Considering(that)everybodyishere,let’sbeginourdiscussion.Inthatheisill,hefeelsunabletodoit.3．For表示原因關系，對前面內(nèi)容的推斷或猜測。Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswetnow.練習題____you’vegotachance,youmightaswellmakefulluseofit.

A.NowthatB.AfterC.AlthoughD.Assoonas

Hefounditincreasinglydifficulttoread,____hiseyesightwasbeginningtofail.

A.andB.ForC.ButD.or

3.Amancannotsmilelikeachild,____achildsmileswithhiseyes,whileamansmileswithhislipsalone.

SoB.ButC.andD.for

Ididn’tgoIwasafraid.Since B.For C.Because D.Though5.itwasraining,westayedathome.because,soB.because,/C.because,forD.if,so6.Isaidnothingaboutithiswifewasthere.A.since B.sothat C.because D.unless7.theweatherissobad,wehavetodelayourjourney.beforeB.sinceC.tillD.After8.itisraining,you’dbettertakeataxi.A.beforeB.asC.tillD.afterYoushouldn’tgetangryjustsomepeoplespeakillofyou.A.since B.sothat C.because D.unless10.youarehere,you’dbetterstay.A.beforeB.NowthatC.tillD.after11.Ihurried________Iwouldn’tbelateforclass.A.since B.sothat C.asif D.unlessIsawMr.SmithlastSunday.Wehadnotseeneachother________IleftLondon.A.as B.before C.since D.till13.________youaresoweak,you’dbetterstayathome.A.Since B.For C.Because D.ThoughI’msorryyou’vebeenwaitingsolong,butit’llstillbesometime____Briangetback.A.beforeB.sinceC.tillD.after15.—DidyoureturnFred’scall?—Ididn’tneedto____I’llseehimtomorrow.A.thoughB.unlessC.whenD.Because五目的狀語從句1.概念：從句部分是用以補充說明主句中謂語動詞發(fā)生的目的。2.引導目的狀語從句常用的連詞有：sothat,inorderthat,lest,incase,forfearthat等。3.目的狀語從句的謂語常含有may,might,can,could,should,would等情態(tài)動詞。Youmustspeakloudersothat/inorderthatyoucanbeheardbyall.Hewrotethenamedownforfearthatheshouldforgetit.Bettertakemoreclothesincasetheweatheriscold.六結果狀語從句引導結果狀語從句的連詞有：sothat,so…that,such…that等Heissoyoungthathecannotgotoschool.Heissuchayoungboythathecannotgotoschool.區(qū)別：so...that和such…that的區(qū)別so是副詞，常常用來修飾形容詞或副詞,such修飾名詞TheboyransofastthatIcouldn'tcatchhim.=Theboyrantoofastformetocatch.Shehassuchacutebabythatsheisquitehappy.注意：當名詞前有many、much、(a)few、(a)little等詞修飾時，句子中要用“so...that...”而不能用“such...that...”。Hehassomuchmoneythathecanbuywhathewants.I'vehadsomanyfallsthatIhavepainshereandthere.2.sothat...(以便/為了……)，引導目的狀語從句。IgotupearlysothatIcouldcatchtheearlybus.Pleaseopenthewindowsothatwecanbreathefreshair.Youmustgonowsothatyouwon'tbelate.練習題1.Heleftin___ahurry___heforgottolockthedoor.A.such,thatB.so,thatC.such,asD.so,when2.Youmustimproveyourstudymethod_____youmaymakeprogressinyourstudies.A.soastoB.inordertoC.soD.inorderthat3.ThePrimeMinistergottotheplatformandsatdown,____toanswerthequestions.A.preparingB.beingpreparingC.preparedD.toprepare4.Theydemandedariseintheirwages___upforthe____costofliving.A.tomake,increaseB.made,increasedC.tobemade,increasingD.making,increasing5.Whydidyoumovethetableoverthere?____thenewsofa.A.TomakeroomforB.ShareroomwithC.GivenroomtoD.Savingroomfor6.____lateinthemorning,Bobturnedoffthealarm.A.TosleepB.SleepingC.SleepD.Havingslept7.I’llthankyou____myaffairsalone.Iwill.It’snoneofmybusiness.A.leavingB.nottoleaveC.forhavingleftD.toleave8.Not____faithinhimself,thescientistwentonwiththeresearch.A.losingB.toloseC.lostD.tobelost9.AfterthatheexpectedTom____itwithout____how.A.todo,tellingB.doing,toldC.todo,beingtoldD.doing,tobetold10.Iprefer____to____.Prefersthtosth,prefertodoshratherthandosthA.todrive,ratherthanbeingdrivenB.todrive,bedrivenC.drive,beingdrivenD.driving,beingdriven11.“Doyouhaveanything____toyourson?I’mgoingtoBeijing.A.totakeB.tobetakenC.takenD.tobring12.WhenIcamein,thestudentspretended____busy____theirEnglishhomework.A.tobe,withdoingB.tobe,doingC.being,todoD.being,doing13.Theyadvisedus____tiemachineimmediately.A.tosetaboutmakingB.settingabouttomakeC.settingaboutmakingD.tosetabouttomake14.Farmersrotate(輪作)theircrops_____thesoilwillremainfertile.A.sothatB.becauseofC.inordertoD.ratherthan15.Speaktohimslowly____hemayunderstandyoubetter.A.sinceB.sothatC.forD.because16.Itwas____ahundredpeoplelookedlostinit.A.solargearoomthatB.solargeroomC.asuchlargeroomD.suchlargearoom17.Hehas____littleeducationthathecan’tteach____littlechildren.A.so;suchB.too;suchC.a;soD.very;soThenewsreportershurriedtotheairport,only____thefilmstarshadleft.A.totellB.tobetoldC.tellingD.toldYouweresillynot_____yourcar.A.tolockB.tohavelockedC.lockingD.havinglockedTheteacheraskedus____somuchnoise.A.don’tmakeB.notmakeC.notmakingD.nottomakeThereisanewprobleminvolvedinthepopularityofprivatecars____roadconditionsneed_____.A.that…tobeimprovedB.which…tobeimprovedC.where…improvingD.when…improvingWithalotofdifficultproblems____,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.A.settleB.settlingC.tosettleD.beingsettledHeletmerepeathisinstruction____surethatIunderstoodwhatwas____afterhewentaway.A.tomake;tobedoneB.making;doingC.tomake;todoD.making;todo–Youshouldhavethankedherbeforeyouleft.--Imeant___,butwhenIwasleavingIcouldn’tfindheranywhere.A.todoB.toC.doingD.doingsoTofetchwaterbeforebreakfastseemedtomearule____.A.toneverbreakB.nevertobebrokenC.nevertohavebrokenD.nevertobebreakingIwouldlove____tothepartylastnight,butIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.A.togoB.tohavegoneC.goingD.havinggoneShecan’thelp____thehousebecauseshe’sbusymakingacake.A.tocleanB.cleaningC.cleanedD.beingcleanedWeagreed_____here,butsofarshehasn’tturnedupyet.A.havingmetB.meetingC.tomeetD.learningThelittletimewehavetogetherwetry____wisely.A.spendingitB.tospenditC.tospendD.spendingthatPauldoesn’thavetobemade_____.Healwaysworkshard.A.learnB.tolearnC.learnedD.learning七比較狀語從句引導比較狀語從句的連詞有：as…as,than,notso…as,themore…themore等HespeaksEnglishasfluentlyashisbrother(does)Ican’tjumpso/ashighashe(does)Therearemoreworkersinthisfactorythanintheonenexttoit.Themoreyouread,themoreinteresting,youwillfindthenovelis.連接詞than可作為關系代詞用。如：HewrotemorethanwasnecessaryDon’tcarrymoremoneythanisneeded八．地點狀語從句引導地點狀語從句的連詞有:where,wherever以及where構成的復合詞等Shefoundhercalculatorwhereshelostit.WhereverIam,Iwillmissyou.注意：IhappenedtoseeyourdictionaryliewhereIuseditlasttime.IhappenedtoseeyourdictionarylieinthelabwhereIuseditlasttime. 九方式狀語從句1.引導方式狀語從句的連接詞有as,justas,asif/though（一般用虛擬語氣，也有用直陳語氣的）等。Justdoasyouaretold.Theworkerswentonworkingasifnothinghadhappened.Hetalkedtothegirlasthoughhehadfalleninlovewithher.2.在justas,so結構中，意為“正如”Justassomepeoplelikesports,sosomepeoplelikemusic.3.theway也可引導方式狀語從句。EG：youshouldoperatethemachinethewayIdo.中考狀語從句專項練習題(

)1Themeetingdidn'tstart___everyonewasthere.

A.because

B.until

C.why

D.if

(

)2He___home___shewassatisfied___hisansweryesterday.

A.didn'tgo;until;with

B.wasn'tgo;after;to

C.doesn'tgo;before;with

D.didn'tgo;until;to

(

)3Tomwillcallmeassoonashe___Shanghai.

A.arrivesB.willreachC.arrivesinD.getto

(

)4.I'msurehe'llcometoseemebeforehe___Beijing.

A.willleave

B.isleaving

C.leave

D.leaves

(

)5.Iwilltellhimthenewsassoonashe___back.

A.come

B.comes

C.willcome

D.came

(

)6.Tomhasgotawatch.He___itfortwoyears.It_______byhisfather.

A.hasbought;wasbought

B.hasgot;isbought,

C.wasbought;hasbought.

D.hashad;wasbought"'

(

)7Whenhegottothestation,thetrain___.

A.left

B.hadleft

C.leaves

D.hasleft

(

)8.Theboytoldhisfatherwhathe___inthestreet.

A.saw

B.haveseen

C.hadseen

D.see

(

)9.We___TVwhenthetelephone____.

A.watched;wasringing

B.werewatching;rang

C.watch;rings

D.arewatching;rang

(

)10.Bytheendoflastterm,I___tenbooks.

A.hadfinishedreading

B.havefinishreading

C.hadfinishtoread

D.finishread

(

)11.I___youforalongtime.Where___you___?

A.didn'tsee;did;go

B.didn'tsee;have;gone

C.haven'tseen;have;been

D.haven'tseen;have;gone

(

)12.Tom___Chinafor3years.

A.hasbeen

B.hasbeenin

C.hasbeento

D.hasbeenat

(

)13.Iwon'tgotoseethefilmtonight,becauseI___myticket.

A.lost

B.havelost

C.willlose

D.didn'tlose

(

)14-Hello!MayIspeaktoBob?

-Sorry,but