職稱英語(yǔ)理工類A級(jí)模擬試題及答案解析3

職稱英語(yǔ)理工類A級(jí)模擬試題及答案解析(13)

(1/15)詞匯選項(xiàng)下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)帶有括號(hào)或下劃線，請(qǐng)從

每個(gè)句子后面所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與括號(hào)里邊部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。

第1題

IfImadeamistake,Iwilltrytoremedyit.

A.clarify

B.diagnose

C.evaporate

□.correct

下一題

(2/15)詞匯選項(xiàng)下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)帶有括號(hào)或下劃線，請(qǐng)從

每個(gè)句子后面所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與括號(hào)里邊部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。

第2題

WederiveinformationmainlyfromtheInternet.

A.deprive

B.obtain

C.descend

D.trace

上一題下一題

(3/15)詞匯選項(xiàng)下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)帶有括號(hào)或下劃線，請(qǐng)從

每個(gè)句子后面所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與括號(hào)里邊部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。

第3題

Hissolemotivewastomakeherhappy.

A.aim

B.argument

C.capability

0.pursuit

上一題下一題

(4/15)詞匯選項(xiàng)下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)帶有括號(hào)或下劃線，請(qǐng)從

每個(gè)句子后面所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與括號(hào)里邊部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。

第4題

Hecouldnottoleratetheextremesofheatinthedesert.

A.bear

B.hate

C.like

□.criticize

上一題下一題

(5/15)詞匯選項(xiàng)下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)帶有括號(hào)或下劃線，請(qǐng)從

每個(gè)句子后面所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與括號(hào)里邊部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。

第5題

Thesefactorsinteractintimatelyandcannotbeseparated.

A.tensely

B.nearly

C.carefully

D.closely

上一題下一題

(6/15)詞匯選項(xiàng)下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)帶有括號(hào)或下劃線，請(qǐng)從

每個(gè)句子后面所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與括號(hào)里邊部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。

第6題

Thecityhasdecidedtodoawaywithalltheoldbuildingsinitscenter.

A.getridof

B.setup

C.repair

D.paint

上一題下一題

(7/15)詞匯選項(xiàng)下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)帶有括號(hào)或下劃線，請(qǐng)從

每個(gè)句子后面所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與括號(hào)里邊部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。

第7題

Duringthepasttenyearstherehavebeendramaticchangesintheinternationalsituation.

A.permanent

B.powerful

C.striking

0.practical

上一題下一題

(8/15)詞匯選項(xiàng)下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)帶有括號(hào)或下劃線，請(qǐng)從

每個(gè)句子后面所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與括號(hào)里邊部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。

第8題

Itisoutofthequestionthattheinspectorwillcometomorrow.

A.impossible

B.possible

C.probable

D.likely

上一題下一題

(9/15)詞匯選項(xiàng)下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)帶有括號(hào)或下劃線，請(qǐng)從

每個(gè)句子后面所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與括號(hào)里邊部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。

第9題

Techniquestoemploytheenergyofthesunarebeingdeveloped.

A.convert

B.store

C.use

□.receive

上一題下一題

(10/15)詞匯選項(xiàng)下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)帶有括號(hào)或下劃線，請(qǐng)

從每個(gè)句子后面所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與括號(hào)里邊部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。

第10題

SincetheGreatDepression,theUnitedStatesgovernmenthasprotectedfarmersfromdamaging

dropsingrainprices.

A.slight

B.surprising

C.sudden

0.harmful

上一題下一題

(11/15)詞匯選項(xiàng)下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)帶有括號(hào)或下劃線，請(qǐng)

從每個(gè)句子后面所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與括號(hào)里邊部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。

第11題

Themanagerallocatedutiestotheclerks.

A.assign

B.persuade

C.ask

D.order

上一題下一題

(12/15)詞匯選項(xiàng)下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)帶有括號(hào)或下劃線，請(qǐng)

從每個(gè)句子后面所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與括號(hào)里邊部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。

第12題

Theoncebarrenhillsidesarenowgoodfarmland.

A.hairless

B.bare

C.empty

D.bald

上一題下一題

(13/15)詞匯選項(xiàng)下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)帶有括號(hào)或下劃線，請(qǐng)

從每個(gè)句子后面所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與括號(hào)里邊部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。

第13題

Itispostulatedthatacureforthediseasewillhavebeenfoundbytheyear2000.

A.challenged

B.assumed

C.deducted

□.decreed

上一題下一題

(14/15)詞匯選項(xiàng)下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)帶有括號(hào)或下劃線，請(qǐng)

從每個(gè)句子后面所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與括號(hào)里邊部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。

第14題

Wemustabidebytherules.

A.stickto

B.persistin

C.safeguard

D.apply

上一題下一題

(15/15)詞匯選項(xiàng)下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)帶有括號(hào)或下劃線，請(qǐng)

從每個(gè)句子后面所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與括號(hào)里邊部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。

第15題

Frommystandpoint,youknow,thisthingisjustfunny.

A.position

B.pointofview

C.knowledge

□.opinion

上一題下一題

（16~22/共7題）閱讀判斷閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后列出7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每

個(gè)句子做出判斷。

StudyHelpsPredictBigMediterraneanQuake

ScientistshavefoundevidencethatanoverlookedfaultintheeasternMediterraneanislikely

toproduceanearthquakeandtsunamievery800yearsaspowerfulastheonethatdestroyed

AlexandriainAD365.

Usingradiocarbondatingtechniques,simulationsandcomputermodels,theresearchers

recreatedtheancientdisasterinordertoidentifytheresponsiblefault."Wearesayingthereis

probablyarepeattimeof800yearsforthiskindofearthquake,"saidMs.BethShaw,an

earthquakescientistattheUniversityofCambridge,wholedthestudy.Scientistsstudypast

earthquakesinordertodeterminethefuturepossibilityofsimilarlargeshocks.

IdentifyingthefaultfortheAD365earthquakeandtsunamiisimportantforthetensof

millionsofpeopleintheregion,Ms.Shawsaid.ThefaultclosetothesouthwestcoastofCrete

lastproducedabigenoughquaketogenerateatsunamiabout1300,whichmeansthenext

powerfulonecouldcomeinthenext100years,sheaddedinatelephoneinterview.

Ms.Shawandhercolleaguescalculatethelikelyintervalsbymeasuringthemotionofeither

sideofthefaulttofindhowoftensuchlargeearthquakeswouldhavetooccurtoaccountforthat

levelofmotion,shesaid.Theircomputermodelsuggestedan8magnitudequakeonthefault

wouldproduceatsunamithatfloodsthecoastalregionsofAlexandriaandNorthAfrica,the

southerncoastofGreeceandSicilyallthewayuptheAdriatitoDuhrovnik.Thiswouldbesimilar

totheancientquakeinAD365thatcausedwidespreaddestructioninmuchofGreeceand

unleashedatsunamithatfloodedAlexandriaandtheNileDelta,likelykillingtensofthousandsof

people,shesaid.

第16題

Thefault,whichwasoverlookedbefore,hasbeencloselystudiedbyscientists.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

第”題

ItisfuntoidentifythefaultfortheAD365earthquakeandtsunami.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

第18題

Radiocarbondatingtechniquescanbeusedtoidentifytheageoftheearth.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

第19題

ScientistspredictthatthenextpowerfulearthquakeintheeasternMediterraneanmaytake

placesometimebefore2100.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

第20題

Ms.Shawhashercolleagueshelpherinthestudyofearthquakeprediction.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

第21題

Ms.Shawmeasuredthemovementofeithersideofthefaulttoidentifythemagnitudeofthe

earthquaketakingplaceinAD365.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

第22題

TheearthquakepredictiondevicesdevelopedbyMs.Shawarebeingwidelyusedintheworld.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

上一題下一題

（23~30/共8題）概括大意與完成句子閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：（1）第23?

26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為第3?6段每段選擇1個(gè)正確的小標(biāo)題：（2）第27?30題要

求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇4個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)，分別完成每個(gè)句子。

SmokeGetsinYourMind

1.Lungcancer;hypertension,heartdisease,birthdefects—wearealltoofamiliarwiththe

dangersofsmoking.Butaddtothatlistafrighteningnewconcern.Mentalillness.Accordingto

somecontroversialnewfindings,ifsmokingdoesnotkillyou,itmay,quitelitter,driveyouto

despair.

2.Thetobaccoindustryopenlypushesitsproductassomethingtoliftyourmoodandsoothe

anxiety.Buttheshort-termfeel-goodeffectmaymaskthetruth:thatsmokingmayworsenor

eventriggeranxietydisorders,panicattacksanddepression,perhapsevenschizophrenia.

3.Cigarettesandmentalillnesshavealwaystendedtogotogether.Anestimated1.25billion

peoplesmokeworldwide.Yetpeoplewhoaredepressedoranxiousaretwiceaslikelytosmoke,

andupto88percentofthosewithpsychoticdisorderssuchasschizophreniasmokers.Arecent

Americansurveyconcludedthataroundhalfofallcigarettesburninthefingersofthosewith

mentalillness.

4.Butthebigquestioniswhy?Theusualstoryisthattheillnesscomesfirst.Mentallyill

peopletakeupsmoking,orsmokemoretoalleviatesomeoftheirdistress.Evenwhensmoking

seemstostartbeforetheillness,mostdoctorsbelievethatearlybutinvisiblesymptomsofthe

disordersparkthedesiretolightup.Butperhapssomethingmoresinisterisgoingon.

5.Agrowingnumberofresearchersclaimthatsmokingisthecause,nottheconsequenceof

clinicaldepressionandseveralformsofanxiety."Weknowalotabouttheeffectsofsmokingon

physicalhealth,andnowwearealsostartingtoseetheadverseeffectsinnewresearchon

mentalillness,"saysNaomiBreslau,directorofresearchattheHenryFordHealthCareSystemin

Detroit.

6.Breslauwasoneofthefirsttoconsiderthishereticalpossibility.Thehintcamefromstudies,

publishedin1998,whichfollowedagroupofjustover1,000youngadultsforafive-yearperiod.

The13percentwhobeganthestudywithmajordepressionwerearoundthreetimesmorelikely

toprogressfrombeinglightsmokerstodailysmokersduringthecourseofthestudy,though

therewasnoevidencethatdepressionincreasedthetendencytotakeupsmoking.Butahistory

ofdailysmokingbeforethestudycommencedroughlydoubledtheriskofdevelopingmajor

depressionduringthefive-yearperiodSmoking,itseems,couldpre-dateillness.

7.AtfirstBreslauconcludedthatwhateverpromptspeopletosmokemightalsomakethem

depressed.Butastheresultsofothermuchlargerstudiesbegantobackthestatisticallink,she

becamemoreconvincedthaneverthatwhatshewasseeingweresignsthatsmoking,perhaps

thenicotineitself,couldsomehowaffectthebrainandcausedepression.

8.OneoftheselargerstudieswasledbyGoodman,apediatrician.Shefollowedthehealthof

twogroupsofteenagersforayear.Thefirstgroupof8,704adolescentswerenotdepressed,and

mightormightnothavebeensmokers,whilethesecondgroupof6,947werehighlydepressed

andhadnotbeensmokersinthepastmonth.Afterayearherteamfoundthatalthough

depressedteenagersweremorelikelytohavebecomeheavysmokers,previousexperimentation

withsmokingwasthestrongestpredictorofsuchbehaviour,notthedepressionitself.Whatis

moreimportantisthatteenagerswhostartedoutmentallyfitbutsmokedatleastonepacketper

weekduringthestudywerefourtimesmorelikelytodevelopdepressionthantheirnon-smoking

peers.Goodmansaysthatdepressiondoesnotseemtostartbeforecigaretteuseamongteens.

"Currentcigaretteuseishowever;apowerfuldeterminantofdevelopinghighdepressive

symptoms."

9.Breslau,too,findsthatsmokersareasmuchasfourtimesmorelikelytohaveanisolated

panicattackandthreetimesmorelikelytodeveloplonger-termpanicdisorderthannon-smokers.

It'sahardmessagetogetacross,becausemanysmokerssaytheybecomeanxiouswhenthey

quit,notwhentheysmoke.ButBreslausaysthatthisisashort-livedeffectofwithdrawalwhich

maskstherealitythat,ingeneral,smokershavehigheranxietylevelsthannon-smokersor

ex-smokers.

第23題

Paragraph3.

A.DoubtabouttheUsualBelief

B.Researchers*OpinionsDivided

C.PositiveEffectsofSmokingasAdvertised

D.CloseAssociationBetweenDepressionandSmoking

E.Breslau'sConclusionSupportedbyAnotherLargerStudy

F.EffectofSmokingonMentalHealthInitiallyProved

第24題

Paragraph4.

第25題

Paragraph6.

第26題

Paragraph8.

第27題

Nowadaysmanydoctorshavebecomeawarethatsmokingisnotonlyahazardtopeople's

physicalhealth.

A.havebeenprovedtobemisleading

B.buttotheirmentalhealthaswell

C.takingupsmoking

D.involvedfewerpeople

E.theystartedtosmokeatanearlyage

F.buttheirlevelofanxietyincreaseswhentheyquitesmoking

第28題

Thecigaretteadswhichclaimthatsmokingcanhelpsootheanxiety.

第29題

Breslau*sstudythanGoodman'sbutlastedlonger.

第30題

TocontradictBreslau'sconclusion,manysmokerssaythattheyarelessanxiouswhentheysmoke

上一題下一題

（31~35/共15題）閱讀理解下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題，每題后面有4個(gè)選項(xiàng)。請(qǐng)

仔細(xì)閱讀短文并根據(jù)短文回答其后面的問(wèn)題，從4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)最佳答案。

InvisibilityRing

Scientistscan'tyetmakeaninvisibilitycloak（斗篷）liketheonethatHarryPotteruses.But,for

thefirsttime,they'veconstructedasimplecloakingdevicethatmakesitselfandsomething

placedinsideitinvisibletomicrowaves.

Whenaperson"sees"anobject,hisorhereyesensesmanydifferentwavesofvisiblelightas

theybounceofftheobject.Theeyeandbrainthenworktogethertoorganizethesesensations

andreconstructtheobject'soriginalshape.So,tomakeanobjectinvisible,scientistshaveto

keepwavesfrombouncingoffit.Andtheyhavetomakesuretheobjectcastsnoshadow.

Otherwise,theabsenceofreflectedlightononesidewouldgivetheobjectaway.

Invisibilityisn'tpossibleyetwithwavesoflightthatthehumaneyecansee.Butitisnow

possiblewithmicrowaves.Likevisiblelight,microwavesareaformofradiantenergy.Theyare

partoftheelectromagneticspectrum（電磁波頻譜），whichalsoincludesradiowaves,infrared

light,ultravioletrays,Xrays,andgammarays.Thewavelengthsofmicrowavesareshorterthan

thoseofradiowavesbutlongerthanthoseofvisiblelight.

Thescientists'new"invisibilitydevice"isthesizeofadrinkcoasterandshapedlikearing.The

ringismadeofaspecialmaterialwithunusualability.Whenmicrowaves（微波）strikethering,

veryfewbounceoffit.Instead,theypassthroughthering,whichbendsthewavesalltheway

arounduntiltheyreachtheoppositeside.Thewavesthenreturntotheiroriginalpaths.

Toadetectorsetuptoreceivemicrowavesontheothersideofthering,itlooksasifthe

wavesneverchangedtheirpathsasiftherewerenoobjectintheway!So,theringiseffectively

invisible.

Whentheresearchersputasmallcopperloopinsidethering,it,too,isnearlyinvisible.

However;thecloakingdeviceandanythinginsideitdocastapaleshadow.Andthedeviceworks

onlyformicrowaves,notforvisiblelightoranykindofelectromagneticradiation.So,Harry

Potter'sinvisibilitycloakdoesn*thaveanyrealcompetitionyet.

第31題

HarryPotterismentionedinthepassage,becausescientists

A.cannowmakeaninvisiblecloakofthesamekindasheuses.

B.trytomakeaninvisiblecloakofthesamekindasheuses.

C.trytoinventadevicesimilarinideatotheinvisiblecloakheuses.

D.knowthatitispossibletomakeaninvisiblecloakofthesamekind.

第32題

Whatistrueofmicrowaves?

A.Theirwavelengthsareshorterthanthoseofvisiblelight.

B.Theirwavelengthsarelongerthanthoseofvisiblelight.

C.Theyaredifferentfromvisiblelightastheyareakindofradiantenergy.

D.Theyarevisibletothehumaneye.

第33題

WhatisNOTtrueoftheinvisibilitydevice?

A.Itismadeofaspecialmaterialwithunusualability.

B.Microwavesbounceoffitwhentheystrikeit.

C.Microwavespassthroughitwhentheystrikeit.

D.ltbendsthemicrowavesallthewayarounduntiltheyreachtheoppositeside.

第34題

Whatdoestheword"coaster"meaninthepassage?

A.Adiskorplateplacedunderadrinkingglasstoprotectatabletop.

B.Avesselengagedincoastaltrade.

C.Arollercoaster.

D.Aresidentofacoastalarea.

第35題

HarryPotter'sinvisibilitycloakdoesn'thaveanyrealcompetitionyet,because

A.scientistshavenotfoundouthowhiscloakworks.

B.thecloakingdeviceisatotalfailure.

C.thecloakingdeviceworksonlyformicrowaves.

D.thecloakingdeviceworksonlyforvisiblelight.

上一題下一題

（36~40/共15題）閱讀理解下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題，每題后面有4個(gè)選項(xiàng)。請(qǐng)

仔細(xì)閱讀短文并根據(jù)短文回答其后面的問(wèn)題，從4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)最佳答案。

JapaneseCarKeepsWatchforDrunkDrivers

AconceptcardevelopedbyJapanesecompanyNissanhasabreathalyzer-likedetection

systemandotherinstrumentsthatcouldhelpkeepdrunkorovertireddriversofftheroad.

Thecar'ssensors（傳感器）checkodorsinsidethecarandmonitoradriver'ssweatfortraces

ofalcohol.Anin-carcomputersystemcanissueanalertorevenlockuptheignition（點(diǎn)火）

systemifthedriverseemsover-the-limit.Theairodor（氣味）sensorsarefixedfirmlyanddeeply

inthedriverandpassengerseats,whileadetectorinthegear-shiftknobmeasuresperspiration

fromthedriver'spalm.

Othercarmakershavedevelopedsimilardetectionsystems.Forexample,Sweden'sVolvohas

developedabreathalyzerattachedtoacar'sseatbeltthatdriversmustblowintobeforethe

enginewillstart.

Nissan'snewconceptvehicle（交通工具）alsoincludesadashboard-mountedcamerathat

tracksdrivers'alertnessbymonitoringtheireyes.Itwillsoundanalarmandissueaspoken

warninginJapaneseorEnglishifitjudgesthatthedriverneedstopulloverandrest.

Thecartechnologyisstillindevelopment,butgeneralmanagerKazuhiroDoisaysthe

combinationofdifferentdetectionsystemsshouldimprovetheoveralleffectivenessofthe

technology."Forexample,ifthegear-shiftsensorwasbypassed（迂回）byapassengerusingit

insteadofthedriver,thefacialrecognitionsystemwouldstillbeused,"Doisays.Nissanhasno

specifictimetableformarketingthesystem,butaimstousetechnologytocutthenumberof

fatalitiesinvolvingitsvehiclestohalf1995levelsby2015.

Thecar'sseatbeltcanalsotightenifdrowsinessisdetected,whileanexternalcamerachecks

thatthecariskeepingtoitslaneproperly.However,Doiadmitsthatsomeofthetechnology,

suchasthealcoholodorsensor;shouldbeimproved."Ifyoudrinkonebeer,it'sgoingtoregister,

soweneedtostudywhat'stheappropriatelevelforthesystemtoactivate,"hesays.

IntheUK,someresearchgroupsareusingsimilaradvancedtechniquestounderstanddriver

behaviorandtheeffectiveness（效力）ofdifferentroaddesigns.

第36題

WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueoftheJapaneseconceptcar?

A.Ithasasensorsystemthatcouldissueawarningifthedriverisdrunk.

B.lthassensorsthatdetecttracesofalcoholinsidethecar.

C.lthassensorslockedupintheignitionsystem.

D.lthasabreathalyzer-likedetectionsystem.

第37題

WhathasVolvodeveloped?

A.Thesamedetectionsystemmentionedinthepreviousparagraph.

B.Abreathalyzerattachedtoacar'sseatbelt.

C.Asmartcarseatbelt.

D.Anintelligentengine.

第38題

WhatisthefunctionofthecameramentionedinParagraph4?

A.Itmonitorsthedriver'seyestoseeifheneedsarest.

B.ltjudgesifthedriverwantstopullover.

C.ltjudgesifthedriverwantstotakearest.

D.ltissuesanalarmwhenthedriverspeaks.

第39題

AccordingtoDoi

A.theoveralleffectivenessofthedetectiontechnologyhasimproved.

B.Nissanismakingatimetabletomarketthedetectionsystem.

C.itisimpossibletoimprovetheoveralleffectivenessofthedetectionsystem.

D.Nissanaimstoimprovethedetectiontechnologytoreducethefatalityrate.

第40題

WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinParagraph6?

A.Anexternalcamerachecksthatthecarisgoingproperly.

B.Thecarwillautomaticallykeeptoitslane.

C.Theseatbeltwilltightenwhenthedriverisfounddrowsy.

D.Thetechnologyofthealcoholodorsensorshouldbeimproved.

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TechnologyTransferinGermany

Whenitcomestotranslatingbasicresearchintoindustrialsuccess,fewnationscanmatch

Germany.Sincethe1940s,thenation'svastindustrialbasehasbeenfedwithaconstantstream

ofnewideasandexpertisefromscience.AndthoughGermanprosperity（繁榮）hasfaltered（衰

退）overthepastdecadebecauseofthehugecostofunifyingeastandwestaswellastheglobal

economicdecline,itstillhasanenviable（令人羨慕的）recordforturningideasintoprofit.

MuchofthereasonforthatsuccessistheFraunhoferSociety,anetworkofresearchinstitutes

thatexistssolelytosolveindustrialproblemsandcreatesoughtaftertechnologies?Buttodaythe

Fraunhoferinstituteshavecompetition.Universitiesaretakinganeverlargerroleintechnology

transfer;andtechnologyparksarespringingupallover.Theseeffortsarebeingcomplementedby

thefederalprogrammesforpumpingmoneyintostart-upcompanies.

Suchastrategymaysoundlikearecipeforeconomicsuccessbutitisnotwithoutitscrities.

Thesepeopleworrythatfavouringappliedresearchwillmeanneglectingbasicscience,

eventuallystarvingindustryoffleshideas.Ifeveryscientiststartsthinkinglikeanentrepreneur

（企業(yè)家），theargumentgoes,thenthetraditionalprinciplesofuniversityresearchbeing

curiosity-driven:freeandwidelyavailablewillsuffer.Othersclaimthatmanyoftheprogrammes

topromotetechnologytransferareawasteofmoneybecausehalfthesmallbusinessesthatare

promotedareboundtogobankruptwithinafewyears.

Whilethisdebatecontinues,newideasflowatasteadyratefromGermany'sresearch

networks,whichbearfamousnamessuchasHelmholtz,MaxPlanckandLeibniz.Yetitisthe

fourthnetwork,theFraunhoferSociety,thatplaysthegreatestroleintechnologytransfer.

Foundedin1949,theFraunhoferSocietyisnowEurope'slargestorganisationforapplied

technology,andhas59institutesemploying12,000people.Itcontinuestogrow.Lastyear,it

swalloweduptheHeinrichHertzInstituteforCommunicationTechnologyinBerlin.Today,there

areevenFraunhofersintheUSandAsia.

第41題

WhatfactorcanbeattributedtoGermanprosperity?

A.Technologytransfer.

B.Goodmanagement.

C.Hardwork.

D.Fiercecompetition.

第42題

WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueoftraditionaluniversityresearch?

A.ltisfree.

B.ltisprofit-driven.

C.ltiswidelyavailable.

D.ltiscuriosity-driven.

第43題

TheFraunhoferSocietyisthelargestorganisationforappliedtechnologyin

A.Asia.

B.USA.

C.Europe.

D.Africa.

第44題

WhenwastheFraunhoferSocietyfounded?

A.ln1940.

B.Lastyear.

C.Aftertheunification.

D.ln1949.

第45題

Theword"expertise"inline3couldbebestreplacedby

A."experts".

B."scientists".

C."scholarsH.

□."specialknowledge".

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據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容選擇5組文字，將其分別放回文章原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。

ConservationorWastedEffort?

Theblackrobin（黑旅鶉）isoneoftheworld'srarestbirds.Itisasmall,wildbird,anditlives

onlyontheislandofLittleMangere,offthecoastofNewZealand.In1967therewereaboutfifty

blackrobinsthere;in1977therewerefewerthanten.1

Energeticstepsarebeingtakentopreservetheblackrobin.2Theideaistobuyanother

islandnearbyasaspecialhome,a"reserve",forthreatenedwildlife,includingblackrobins.The

organizerssaythatLittleMangereshouldthenberestocked（重新準(zhǔn)備）withtherobin'sfood.

ThousandsoftherequiredplantsareatpresentbeingcultivatedinNewZealand.

Isallthisconcernawasteofhumaneffort?3Arewelosingoursenseofwhatis

reasonableandwhatisunreasonable?

Intheearth'slong,longpasthundredsofkindsofcreatureshaveevolved,risentoadegreeof

successanddiedout.Inthelong,longfuturetherewillbemanynewanddifferentformsoflife.

Thosecreaturesthatadaptthemselvessuccessfullytowhattheearthofferswillsurviveforalong

time.4Thisisnature'sprovenmethodofoperation.

Theruleofselection—"survivalofthefittest"—istheonebywhichhumanbeingshave

themselvesarrivedonthescene.We,beingodeofthemostadaptablecreaturestheearthhas

yetproduced,maylastlongerthanmost.5Youmaytakeitasanotherrulethatwhen,at

lasthumanbeingsshowsignsofdyingout,noothercreaturewillextendapaw（爪）topostpone

ourdeparture.Onthecontrary,wewillbehurriedout.

Lifeseemstohavegrowntootoughforblackrobins.Ileaveyoutojudgewhetherweshould

trytodoanythingaboutit.

A.Somecreatures,certainsmallanimals,insectsandbirds,willalmostcertainlyoutlast

（比長(zhǎng)久）man,fortheyseemevenmoreadaptable.

B.Thosethatfailtomeetthechallengeswilldisappearearly.

C.Detailedstudiesaregoingon,andapublicappealformoneyhasbeenmade.

D.Bothrepresentordersintheclassificationoflife.

E.Isitanybusinessofourswhethertheblackrobinsurvivesordiesout?

F.Thesearetheonlyblackrobinsleftintheworld.

第46題

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ABiologicalClock

Everylivingthinghaswhatscientistscallabiologicalclockthatcontrolsbehavior.The

biologicalclocktells1whentoformflowersandwhentheflowersshouldopen.Ittells

2whentoleavetheprotectivecocoonsandflyaway,andittellsanimalsandhumanbeings

whentoeat,sleepandwake.

Eventsoutsidetheplantandanimal3theactionsofsomebiologicalclocks.Scientists

recentlyfound,forexample,thatatinyanimalchangesthecolorofitsfur4thenumber

ofhoursofdaylight.Intheshort5ofwinter,itsfurbecomeswhite.Thefurbecomesgray

brownincolorinthelongerhoursofdaylightinsummer.

Innersignalscontrolotherbiologicalclocks.Germanscientistsfoundthatsomekindof

internalclockseemstoorderbirdstobegintheirlongmigration6twiceeachyear.Birds

7flyingbecomerestlesswhenitistimeforthetrip,8theybecomecalmagainwhen

thetimeoftheflighthasended.

Scientistssaytheyarebeginningtolearnwhich9ofthebraincontainbiologicalclocks.

AnAmericanresearcher,MartinMoorhead,saidasmallgroupofcellsnearthefrontofthebrain

10tocontrolthetimingofsomeofouractions.These11tellapersonwhento

12,whentosleepandwhentoseekfood.Scientistssaythereprobablyareotherbiological

clockcellsthatcontrolotherbodyactivities.

Dr.Moorheadisstudying13ourbiologicalclocksaffectthewaywedoourwork.For

example,mostofushavegreatdifficultyifwemustoftenchangetodifferentworkhours.

14cantakemanydaysforahumanbodytoacceptthemajorchangeinworkhours.Dr.

Moorheadsaidindustrialofficialsshouldhaveabetterunderstandingofbiologicalclocksand

howtheyaffectworkers.Hesaid15understandingcouldcutsicknessandaccidentsat

workandwouldhelpincreaseafactory'