高三一輪復習NelsonMandelaamodernhero復習之定語從句

定語從句

Butonemillionpeopleofthecity,whothoughtlittleoftheseevents,wereasleepasusualthatnight.

ItwasfeltinBeijing,whichismorethantwohundredkilometersaway.

Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledofinjuredreachedmorethan400000.

…anotherbigquakewhichwasalmostasstrongasthefirstoneshookTangshan.

Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.

Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.

1.Doyouwantafriendwhomyoucouldtelleverythingto?2.Orareyouafraidthatyourfriendwouldlaughatyou?3.Sheandherfamilyhidawayfornearly25monthsbeforetheywerediscovered?4.Natureisonethingthatreallymustbeexperienced.5.Iwouldbegratefulifyoucouldgivemesomeadvice.6.Alllanguageschangeanddevelopwhenculturesmeetandcommunicatewitheachother.

7.SomepeoplewholiveinthemountainsofeasternUSAspeakwithanolderkindofEnglishdialect.8.Sheinsistedthatsheorganizethetripproperly.9.NowIknowthattheproperwayisalwaysherway.10.Wefoundalargeatlaswithgoodmapswhichshoweddetailsofworldgeography.11.(Haveyoueverseensnowmenridebicycles?)That’swhatwelookedlike.12.WewillreachDalisoon,whereourcousinswilljoinus.定語從句考點(一)引導詞的確定方法一：根據(jù)先行詞

先行詞引導詞人物人的／物的時間地點

who/whom/that

which/that

whose

when/which/that

where/which/that原因

why/which/thatwho—主／賓／表whom--賓that—主／賓／表which--主／賓whose—定(后通常加名詞或代詞)when—時間狀語

where—地點狀語

why–原因狀語

方法一：根據(jù)先行詞結(jié)論：根據(jù)先行詞只能確定引導詞的大致范圍，但不能最終確定是哪一個，因此，光用方法一行不通．方法二：還原法把先行詞還原到定語從句中去,看看是放在主語，賓語，表語還是狀語的位置上，最終來確定引導詞．例一：

Thestudents________don’tstudyhardwillnotpasstheexam.____________don’tstudyhard.Thestudents主語，而且指人who/that例二：

Thewoman_____________yousawintheparkisourChineseteacher.yousaw____________

inthepark.thewoman賓語，而且指人(whom/who/that)注意：如果先行詞還原到定語從句中，充當?shù)氖琴e語,那么可以把引導詞省略．方法二：還原法結(jié)論：行得通，而且能保證正確率，但必須建立在方法一的基礎(chǔ)上．Practice3.Doyouknowtheboy____________legwasbrokenwhenhefelloutofatree?4.Thisistheboy____________sisterisafamoussinger.5.Theletter___________Ireceivedyesterdayisfrommybrother.6.Thefilm____________wesawlastnightwaswonderful.7.Theman_____________washereaminuteagoismyuncle.whosewhose(which/that)(which/that)who/that8.Thetrain____________wasgoingtoGuangdongwaslate.9.Thebook_____________heisreadingisveryinteresting.10.They’llneverforgetthedays____________theyspentinthecountryside.11.They’llneverforgetthedays_____________theystudiedtogether.which/that(which/that)(which/that)when定語從句的鞏固和提高引導詞的特殊情況Iamsureshehassomething(that)

youcanborrow.I’vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.(1)先行詞為all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much

等不定代詞時。(2)先行詞被all,every,no,some,any,little,much

等修飾時(3)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級修飾時。(4)先行詞被the

only,thevery,thesame,thelast修飾時。只能用that不能用which的情況(5)先行詞指人又指事物Theytalkedaboutthepeopleandthings(that)theymetatcollege.when,where,why引導的定語從句引導詞指代內(nèi)容充當成分

who

whom

that

which

whose

when

where

why人主／賓／表人賓人／事物主／賓／表事物主／賓人的／事物的時間狀語地點狀語原因狀語時間地點原因定(后通常加名詞或代詞)初步感知－P37Exercise21.ThemineswhereIworkedwere9kmfrommyhome.2.ThereasonwhyIgotajobwasbecauseofmyhardwork.3.ThedatewhenIjoinedtheANCwasthe5thofAugust.4.Thegovernmentbuildingwherewevotedwasverytall.5.ThetimewhenIarrivedwaslateatnight.1.Themines_______Iworkedwere9kmfrommyhome.2.Thereason_______Igotajobwasbecauseofmyhardwork.3.Thedate_______IjoinedtheANCwasthe5thofAugust.4.Thegovernmentbuilding_______wevotedwasverytall.5.Thetime______Iarrivedwaslateatnight如何來確定引導詞?如何來確定引導詞?方法一：根據(jù)先行詞方法二：還原法(把先行詞還原到定語從句中去)例一：

Themines______Iworkedwere9kmfrommyhome.Iworked_________________.

inthemines地點狀語

where/inwhich例二：

Thereason________Igotajobwasbecauseofmyhardwork.Igotajob_______________.

forthereason原因狀語

why/forwhich例三：

Thedate＿＿＿＿IjoinedtheANCwasthe5thofAugust.IjoinedtheANC______________.

onthedate時間狀語

when/onwhich例四：Thegovernmentbuilding＿＿＿＿wevotedwasverytall.Wevoted________________.

inthebuilding地點狀語

where/inwhich例五：Thetime＿＿＿＿＿Iarrivedwaslateatnight.Iarrived________________.atthetime時間狀語

when/atwhichThetime______IfirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.Theschool______Istudiedforonlytwoyearswas3kmaway.Theday_______NelsonMandelahelpedmewasoneofmyhappiest.Thepartsoftown________theyhadtoliveweredecidedbywhitepeople.Theplaces_______theyweresenttolivewerethepoorestpartsofSouthAfrica.Practice

when/atwhich

where/inwhich

when/onwhich

where/inwhich

where/inwhich1.AfterlivinginParisfor50yearshereturnedtothesmalltown______hegrewupasachild.

A.whichB.whereC.thatD.when2.Itwasanexcitingmomentforthesepeoplethisyear,______forthefirsttimetheirteamwontheWorldCup.

A.thatB.whileC.whichD.when

D

BI’llneverforgettheday________weworkedtogether.when/onwhichI’llneverforgettheday_________wespenthappilytogether.which/that比較Weworkedtogetherontheday.Wespentthedayhappilytogether.Iwillalwaysrememberthehours_____________welivedtogether.Iwillalwaysrememberthehours____________wespenttogether.2.Canyoustillthinkofthevillage______________heonceworked?Canyoustillthinkofthevillage______________heoncevisited?when/inwhich(which/that)where/inwhich(which/that)總結(jié)1.

引導詞的確定必須用還原法2.先行詞還原后如果在它前面要加上一個介詞，那么說明它在定語從句中充當狀語，通常用“when/where/why”來引導3.“when/where/why”通?？梢蕴鎿Q成“介詞＋which”(僅限于定語從句中)4.

如果先行詞是表示“時間/地點/原因”的詞,引導詞并不一定是“when/where/why”，也有可能是“which/that”，介詞前置的定語從句

1.MandelawastheblacklawyertowhomIwentforadvice.2.Hewasgenerouswithhistime,forwhichIwasgrateful.

3.Thepartsoftowninwhichtheyhadtoliveweredecidedbywhitepeople.4.Itwasaprisonfromwhichnooneescaped.5.Heisamanofgreatexperience,fromwhommuchcanbelearned.6.Chapin,forwhommoneywasnownoproblem,startanewfilmcompanywithhisfriends.7.Antarctica,aboutwhichweknowverylittle,iscoveredwiththickicealltheyearround.介詞前置的定語從句1.考點一：引導詞which,whom2.考點二：介詞的確定方法：還原法－先行詞還原到定語從句中去,看看它與定語從句之間需要哪個介詞來連接．例一：

Mandelawastheblacklawyer______whomIwentforadvice.

______whomIwentforadvice.Iwent______Mandelaforadvice.toto例二：

Itwasaprison______whichnooneescaped.______whichnooneescaped.Nooneescaped______theprison.fromfromCanyouworkthemout????????1.Thesungivesusheatandlight,________whichwecan’tlive.2.Thestudent________whomweweretalkingjustnowisthebeststudentinourclass.3.I’llneverforgettheday_____whichshesaidgood-byetome.4.Whocangivemethereason______whichhehasn’tturnedupyet?for

aboutonwithout定語從句補充內(nèi)容Theyliveinahouse,whosedooropenstothesouth.

whose可以轉(zhuǎn)換為

“

of+which”,即whose+n.=the+n.+of+which=of+which+the+n.一.whose引導的定語從句Theylivedinahouse,ofwhichthedoor

openstothesouth.Theylivedinahouse,thedoorofwhich

opentothesouth.Lookout!Don’tgettooclosetothehouse______roofisunderrepair.A.whichB.whoseC.thatD.ofwhichthe二.先行詞是way,引導詞通常是inwhich/that/省略

____isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsroundtheearth._____isknowntoeverybodythatthemoontravelsroundtheearth.AsIt三.as引導定語從句，通常以下面句式出現(xiàn)Asisknowntoall,…

Asweallknow,…1.Ihaveborrowedmanybooks,manyof_______areaboutmusic.2.Ihaveborrowedmanybooks,andmanyof________areaboutmusic.1.Thereare50studentsintheirclass,mostof________arefromTonglu.2.Thereare50studentsintheirclass,andmostof_______arefromTonglu.whichthemwhomthem四.有and,but,so等連詞連接的復合句不是定語從句，不需要用引導詞去引導．綜合練習1.I’musingthe