【2023年】河南省洛陽市大學(xué)英語6級大學(xué)英語六級預(yù)測試題(含答案)

【2023年】河南省洛陽市大學(xué)英語6級大學(xué)英語六級預(yù)測試題(含答案)學(xué)校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________

一、1.Writing(10題)1.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledChangesinFamilyExpenses.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbasedonthechartandoutlinegivenbelow.

1.請對圖表所給出的信息進行描述

2.請對描述的內(nèi)容做出原因分析

3.請針對此圖表得出合理的結(jié)論并對未來進行預(yù)測

ChangesinFamilyExpenses

2.Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledShouldWeAbolishtheOne-ChildPolicy?Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelow.

1．有人贊成現(xiàn)在廢除獨生子女政策

2．有人則表示反對

3．我的看法

ShouldWeAbolishtheOne-ChildPolicy?

3.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledACoverLetter.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.

1.你是如何得知招生信息的

2.自我推薦并說明選擇該校的理由

3.希望得到該校的回復(fù)

4.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledGraduateSchoolorWork?Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheinstructionsgivenbelow:

目前，越來越多的大學(xué)生本科畢業(yè)之后選擇繼續(xù)進入研究生院學(xué)習(xí)。一個重要的原因是工作不太好找。那么你打算在大學(xué)畢業(yè)之后找工作還是繼續(xù)上研究生呢?請就這個問題談?wù)勀愕拇蛩愫椭饕颉?/p>

5.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicProposalofBanningDisposableChopsticks.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:

1.發(fā)出倡議的根據(jù)、原因和目的

2.要求做到的具體事項

3.表示倡議者的決心和希望

6.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteapassageofatleast150wordsinthetitleofWhoShouldbeResponsibleforOurOldPeople.Pleasefollowtheoutlinegivenbelow.

1.列舉我國老年人生活存在的問題。

2.你認為應(yīng)如何解決這些問題。

7.1.影響將來事業(yè)成功的因素有很多，試舉例說明

2．你對此的看法，并闡述理由

8.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopicRisingDivorceRatesinChina.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsandyoushouldbaseyourcompositionontheoutlinegiveninChinesebelow:

1.描寫圖表反映的問題

2.你認為最近幾年中國離婚高的原因是什么

9.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowritealettertoyourcousinTom.Youshouldwriteatleast150words,andbaseyourletteronthesituationgivenbelow:

Tom剛剛考上大學(xué)，不適應(yīng)大學(xué)的學(xué)習(xí)和生活，為此，他寫信給你（大三學(xué)生）向你請教。你回信給他向他講你的大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)和生活經(jīng)驗。

10.Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonthetopicofShouldEnterprisesHoldanAnnualMeeting?Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelow.

現(xiàn)在有不少單位熱衷于組織年會

1．對這種做法有人表示支持

2．有人并不贊成

3．我認為

ShouldEnterprisesHoldanAnnualMeeting?

______

二、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(10題)11.

Verifyingthecorrelatesofimmunityisthekeyto______.

12.

Ventlifediesquicklywhenexposedtolight.

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13.IsCollegeReallyWorththeMoney?

TheRealWorld

EsteGriffithhaditallfiguredout.WhenshegraduatedfromtheUniversityofPittsburghinApril2001,shehadhersightssetononething:workingforalaborunion.

Therealworldhadotherideas.Griffithleftschoolwithnotonlyadegreebutaboatloadofdebt.Sheowed$15,000instudentloansandhadrackedup$4.000increditcarddebtforbooks,groceriesandotherexpenses.Nolaborunionjobcouldpayenoughtobailherout.

SoGriffithwenttoworkinsteadforaWashington.D.C.firmthatspecializesineconomicdevelopment.Problemsolved?Nope.Atage24.shetakeshomeabout$1.800amonth.$1.200ofwhich-disappearstopayhertent.Addanother$t80amonthtoretireherstudentloansand$300amonthtowhittledownhercreditcardbalance."Youdothemath."shesays.

Griffithhaspracticallynomoneytoliveon.Shebrown-bags(自帶午餐)herlunchandbikestowork.Aboveall,shefearsshe'llneverownahouseorbeabletoretire.It'snotthatsheregretsgettingherdegree."Buttheydon'ttellyouthatthetrade-offisthenexttenyearsofyourincome."shesays

That'spreciselythedealbeingmadebymoreandmorecollegestudents.They'remortgagingtheirfuturestomeetsoaringtuitioncostsandothercollegeexpenses.LikeGriffith.they'refacingaone-twopunchatgraduation:hefty(沉重的)studentloansandsmotheringcreditcarddebtnottomentionajobmarketthat,fornowanyway,isdismal.

"Weareforcingourchildrentomakeachoicebetweentwoevils."saysElizabethWarren.aHarvardLawprofessorandexpertonbankruptcy."Skipcollegeandfacealifeofdiminishedopportunity,orgotocollegeendfacealifeshackled(束縛)bydebt."

TuitionHikes

Forsometime.collegeshaveinsistedtheirsteeptuitionhikesareneededtopayforcutting-edgetechnologies,facultyandadministrationsalaries,endrisinghealthcarecosts.Nowthere'sanewculprit(犯人):shrinkingstatesupport.Caughtinaseverebudgetcrunch,manystateshavesharplyscaledbacktheirfundingforhighereducation.

Someonehadtomakeupforthoselostdollars.Andyoucanguesswho---especiallyifyouliveinMassachusetts,whichlastyearhikeditstuitionandfeesby24percent,afterfundingdroppedby3percent,orinMissouri,whereappropriations(撥款)fellbyt0percent,buttuitionroseatdoublethatrate.Aboutone-thirdofthestates,infact,haveincreasedtuitionandfeesbymorethen10percent.

OneofthosestatesisCalifornia,andJanetBurrell'sfamilyisfeelingthepalmAbookkeepermTorrance,BurrellhasadaughterattheUniversityofCaliforniaatDavis.Meanwhile,hersonsattendtwo-yearcollegesbecauseBurrellcan'taffordtohavealloftheminfour-yearschoolsatonce.

Meanwhile,evenwithtuitionhikes,California'scommunitycollegesaresostrappedforcashtheydroppedthousandsofclasseslastspring.Theresult:54,000fewerstudents.

CollapsingInvestments

Manyfamiliesthoughttheyhadasurefireplan:eveniftuitionkeptskyrocketing,theyhadinvestedenoughmoneyalongthewaytomeetthecosts.ThenafunnythinghappenedonthewaytoWallStreet.Thoseinvestmentscollapsedwiththestockmarket.Amongtheloserslastyear:thewildlypopular"529"plans--federaltax-exemptcollegesavingsplansofferedbyindividualstates,whichhaveattractedbillionsfromfamiliesaroundthecountry."Wehearfr0mmanyparentsthatwhattheyhadsetasidedeclinedinvaluesomuchthattheynowdon'thaveenoughtoseetheirstudentsthrough,"saysPennStatefinancialaiddirectorAnnaGriswold,whowitnesseda10percentincreaseinloanapplicationslastyear.Evenwithamarketthatmaybeslowlyrecovering,itwilltaketime,perhap

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14.

Parentscomplainedthattheconstructivistmathoftenintroduced______.

15.

Antibioticshavenoeffectondiseasescausedbyviruses.

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16.TheMostImportantSecretAboutTrust

WhatIsTrust?

Youknowwhenyouhavetrust;youknowwhenyoudon'thavetrust.Yet,whatistrustandhowistrustusefullydefinedfortheworkplace?Canyoubuildtrustwhenitdoesn'texist?Howdoyoumaintainandbuilduponthetrustyoumaycurrentlyhaveinyourworkplace?Theseareimportantquestionsfortoday'srapidlychangingworld.

Trustformsthefoundationforeffectivecommunication,employeeretention,andemployeemotivationandcontributionofdiscretionary(自由決定的)energy,theextraeffortthatpeoplevoluntarilyinvestinwork.Whentrustexistsinanorganizationorinarelationship,almosteverythingiseasiertoachieve.

AccordingtoDr.DuaneC.Tway,Jr.inhis1993dissertation,AConstructofTrust,"Thereexiststoday,nopracticalconstructofTrustthatallowsustodesignandimplementorganizationalinterventionstosignificantlyincreasetrustlevelsbetweenpeople.WeallthinkweknowwhatTrustisfromourownexperience,butwedon'tknowmuchabouthowtoimproveit.Why?IbelieveitisbecausewehavebeentaughttolookatTrustasifitwereasingleentity."

TheThreeConstructsofTrust

Twaydefinestrustas"thestateofreadinessforunguardedinteractionwithsomeoneorsomething".Hedevelopedamodeloftrustthatincludesthreecomponents.Hecallstrustaconstructbecauseitis"constructed"ofthesethreecomponents:thecapacityfortrusting,theperceptionofcompetence,andtheperceptionofintentions.Thinkingabouttrustasmadeupoftheinteractionandexistenceofthesethreecomponentsmakes"trust"easiertounderstand.Thecapacityfortrustingmeansthatyourlifeexperienceshavedevelopedyourcurrentcapacityandwillingnesstorisktrustingothers.Theperceptionofcompetenceismadeupofyourperceptionofyourabilityandtheabilityofotherswithwhomyouworkinyourcurrentsituation.Theperceptionofintentions,asdefinedbyTway,isyourperceptionthattheactions,words,missions,ordecisionsaremotivatedbymutually-servingratherthanself-servingmotives.

WhyTrustIsCriticalinaHealthyOrganization?

Howimportantisbuildingatrustingworkenvironment?AccordingtoTway,peoplehavebeeninterestedintrustsinceAristotle.Twaystates,"Aristotle(384BC-322BC),writingintheRhetoric,suggestedthatEthos,theTrustofaspeakerbythelistener,wasbasedonthelistener'sperceptionofthreecharacteristicsofthespeaker.Aristotlebelievedthesethreecharacteristicstobetheintelligenceofthespeaker(correctnessofopinions,orcompeten'ce),thecharacterofthespeaker(reliability--acompetencefactor,andhonest--measureofintentions),andthegoodwillofthespeaker(favorableintentionstowardthelistener).Idon'tthinkthishaschangedmucheventoday."

AdditionalresearchbyTwayandothersshowsthattrustisthebasisformuchoftheenvironmentyouwanttocreateinyourworkplace.Trustisthenecessaryprecursor(先兆)for:

?feelingabletorelyuponaperson,

?cooperatingwithandexperiencingteamworkwithagroup,

?takingthoughtfulrisks,and

?experiencingbelievablecommunication.

HowtoMaintainTrust?

Thebestwaytomaintainatrustingworkenvironmentistokeepfrominjuringtrustinthefirstplace.Theintegrityoftheleadershipoftheorganizationiscritical.Thetruthfulnessandtransparencyofthecommunicationwithstaffisalsoacriticalfactor.Thepresenceofastrong,unifyingmissionandvisioncanalsopromoteatrustingenvironment.

Providinginformationabouttherationale,background,andthoughtprocessesbehinddecisionsisalsoanimportantaspectofmaintainingtrust.Anotherisorganizationalsuccess;peo

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17.

Mr.Symondsandhisassociateswere______withtheauthor'sreplies.

18.

Peopletendtousecaloriewhenreferringtofoodkilocalorie.

A.YB.NC.NG

19.

In1930,TheGreenPastures,amusicalperformedbyjustblackactorsandactresses,opensonBroadway,February2

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20.PartⅡReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)

Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

Pollution:ALifeandDeathIssue

OneofthemainthemesofPlanetunderPressureisthewaymanyoftheEarth'senvironmentalcrisesreinforceoneanother.Pollutionisanobviousexample—wedonothavetheoptionofgrowingfood,orfindingenoughwater,onasqueaky-cleanplanet,butononeincreasinglytarnishedandtrashedbythewaywehaveuseditsofar.

Cuttingwasteandclearinguppollutioncostmoney.Yettimeandagainitisthequestforwealththatgeneratesmuchofthemessinthefirstplace.LivinginawaythatislessdamagingtotheEarthisnoteasy,butitisvital,becausepollutionispervasiveandoftenlife-threatening.

Air:theWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)saysthreemillionpeoplearekilledworldwidebyoutdoorairpollutionannuallyfromvehiclesandindustrialemissions,and1.6millionindoorsthroughusingsolidfuel.Mostareinpoorcountries.

Water:diseasescarriedinwaterareresponsiblefor80%ofillnessesanddeathsindevelopingcountries,killingachildeveryeightseconds.Eachyear2.1millionpeoplediefromdiarrhoeal(痢疾的)diseasesassociatedwithpoorwater.

Soil:contaminatedlandisaprobleminindustrializedcountries,whereformerfactoriesandpowerstationscanleavewastelikeheavymetalsinthesoil.Itcanalsooccurindevelopingcountries,sometimesusedfordumpingpesticides.Agriculturecanpollutelandwithpesticides,nitrate-richfertilizersandslurryfromlivestock.Andwhenthecontaminationreachesriversitdamageslifethere,andcanevencreatedeadzonesoffthecoast,asintheGulfofMexico.

ChronicProblem

Chemicalsareafrequentpollutant.WhenwethinkofchemicalcontaminationitisoftenimagesofeventslikeBhopalthatcometomind.Buttheproblemiswidespread.Onestudysays7-20%ofcancersareattributabletopoorairandpollutioninhomesandworkplaces.TheWHO,concernedaboutchemicalsthatpersistandbuildupinthebody,especiallyintheyoung,sayswemay"beconductingalarge-scaleexperimentwithchildren'shealth".

Someman-madechemicals,endocrine(內(nèi)分泌)disruptorslikephthalates(酞酸鹽)andnonylphenol—abreakdownproductofspermicides(殺精子劑),cosmeticsanddetergents—areblamedforcausingchangesinthegenitalsofsomeanimals.Affectedspeciesincludepolarbears—sonoteventheArcticisimmune.Andthechemicalsclimbthefoodchain,fromfishtomammals,andtous.

About70,000chemicalsareonthemarket,witharound1,500newonesappearingannually.Atleast30,000arethoughtnevertohavebeencomprehensivelytestedfortheirpossibleriskstopeople.

Atfirstglance,theplasticbucketsstackedinthecomeroftheenvironmentalNGOofficetooklikeanyothers.Butthecontainersareanunlikelyweaponinonepoorcommunity'sfightagainstoilcompanieswhichtheysayareresponsibleforwidespreadill-healthcausedbyyearsofpollution.Thevesselsareusedbyanetworkoflocalvolunteers,knownastheBucketBrigade,togatherairsamplesinneighborhoodsborderingoilrefineries,aspartofacampaigntomonitoranddocumentairpollutionwhichtheybelieveiscomingfromtheplants.

InSouthAfrica,asinmanydevelopingandnewlyindustrializedcountries,legislationonairpollutionhasfailedtokeeppacewithmushroomingindustries.Solocalresidents,likemanyinpoorcommunitiesaroundtheglobe,havefacedtheproblemofinvestigatingtheirclaimthatindustriesontheirdo

A.3millionB.1.6millionC.2.1millionD.3.2million

三、3.ListeningComprehension(10題)21.

【B9】

22.(17)

A.Imillion.B.1/4million.C.1/2million.D.2million.

23.(32)

A.Thebicycleiseasilystolen.

B.Theroadsarenarrowandunsuitableforbicycles.

C.Therearemanyupsanddownsinthecitysoridingabikeistiring.

D.Therearetoomanycarssoit'sunsafetorideabike.

24.(29)

A.Whatsalarytheborrowermakes.

B.Whatkindofjobtheborrowerhas.

C.Whatkindofhousetheborrowerlivesin.

D.Howmuchmoneytheborrowerowns.

25.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

Themorewomenand【B1】______maketheirwayintotheranksofmanagement,themoretheyseemtowantatalkaboutthings【B2】______judgedtobebestleftunsaid.Thenewcomersalsotendtoseeofficematterswitha【B3】______eye,intheprocesssometimescomingupwith【B4】______analysesoftheforcesthat【B5】______everyone'sexperienceintheorganization.

ConsiderthenovelviewsofHarveyColemanofAtlantaonthesubjectofgettingahead.Colemanisblack.Hespent11yearswithIBM,halfofthemworkinginmanagementdevelopment,andnowservesasa【B6】______tothelikesofAT'T,Co-ca-Cola,Prudential,andMerch.Colemansaysthatbasedonwhathe'sseenatbigcompanies,he【B7】______thedifferentelementsthatmakefor【B8】______careersuccessasfollows:performancecountsamere10%,image,30%,andexposure,afull60%.Colemanconcludesthat【B9】______,itwon'tsecureyouthebigpromotion.Hefindsthatadvancementmoreoftendependsonhowmanypeopleknowyouandyourwork,andhowhighuptheyare.

Ridiculousbeliefs?Nottomanypeople,【B10】______."Womenandblacksinorganizationsworkunderfalsebeliefs,"saysKaleenJamison,aNewYork-basedmanagementconsultantwhohelpscorporationsdealwiththeseissues."Theythinkthatifyouworkhard,you'llgetaheadthatsomeoneinauthoritywillreachdownandgiveyoupromotion."Sheadds,"Mostwomenandblacksaresofrightenedthatpeoplewillthinkthey'vegottenaheadbecauseoftheirsexorcolorthattheyplaydowntheirvisibility.'Heradvicetothosefolks:

【B11】______.

【B1】

26.(34)

A.Itcombinesdifferentfeelingstogether.

B.Itcanexpresssomeveryconfusingfeelings.

C.Itexaggeratessomespecialfeelings.

D.Itexpressesfeelingsinanappropriateway.

27.(22)

A.Ithasnumeroustraitsincommonwiththespottedowl.

B.Itspopulationisincreasing.

C.Itmaynotsurvivewithoutspecialeffortsofconservationists.

D.Itsroleinthechainofevolutionhasnotyetbeenexamined.

28.(35)

A.TheCityofBoston.

B.AtoZTowing.

C.NewHorizons.

D.TheCityofLosAngeles.

29.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

聽力原文：Manystudentstrytostudythewholenightanddonotsleepbeforeanexam.Twoseparatestudiesshowthismaydomoreharmthangood.Thestudiesfoundthatagoodnight'ssleepmayimprovememory.ThefindingsofbothstudiesappearedinthepublicationNature.

ScientistsattheUniversityofChicagodidoneofthem.Theytrainedstudentstolistentounclearspeechproducedbyamachine.Somestudentslistenedtotherecordingafteranightofsleep.Othersweretestedtwelvehoursafterthetraining,withnosleep.Guesswhat?Thestudentswhosleptunderstoodtherecordingbetter.

ProfessorDanielMargoliashsayssleephasatleasttwoeffectsonlearning.Oneistostrengthenmemoriesandprotectthemagainstinterference.Thesecondistorecovermemoriesthathavebeenlost.

TheotherstudytookplaceatHarvardMedicalSchoolinMassachusetts.Scientiststrainedone-hundredpeopletorepeattwoseriesoffingermovements.Theactwassimilartoplayingnotesonapiano.Peoplewhosleptbetweenlearningthefirstseriesandtheseconddidthebest.Thestudysuggestedthatmemoriesarerecordedinthreesteps.Scientistssaytheprocessissimilartothewayacomputerstoresinformation.Inhumans,theysay,thesecondsteprequiressleep.

(27)

A.Manystudentstrytostudythewholenightbeforeanexam.

B.Sleepmayimprovememory.

C.Examsmayharmmemory.

D.Sleepcanimprovelisteningability.

30.聽力原文：W:Icantelljustbylookingatyourfacethatyouhadagoodtimeattheconcert.

M:Absolutely.Andjudgingfromtheamountofapplause,everybodyappreciatedit.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

(19)

A.Hedoesn'twanttobejudgedbythewoman.

B.Theaudienceallseemedtoenjoytheconcert.

C.He'sgladthatthewomancantellhowhefeels.

D.Morepeoplewenttotheconcertthanexpected.

四、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(3題)31.AccordingtoHarryHolzer,whatfunctiondoeseducationhaveindecreasingdisconnectionofblackyouthsfromtheAmericanmainstream?

A.Itenablesblackyouthstogetintoemployment.

B.Itprovidesblackyouthswithreadingandmathskills.

C.Itpreventsblackyouthsfromillegalactivities.

D.Itdecreasesdrugtradeanddruguseamongblackyouth.

32.

Thepassagearguesforpotatoesbecauseit______.

A.containslittlefat

B.hasmorevitaminCthanmostvegetables

C.givesyouafullstomachfeeling

D.alltheabove

33.(55)

五、5.ErrorCorrection(3題)34.

【S6】

35.

【S5】

36.

【S4】

六、6.ErrorCorrection(3題)37.

【S3】

38.【S7】

39.【S8】

參考答案

1.ChangesinFamilyExpensesThestatisticfiguresgivenbythistableshowtherearesomefundamentalchangesinfamilyexpensesinChinafrom1985to2005.Theamountofmoneyspentonfoodandclothinghasdecreaseddramaticallyinthepasttwentyyearswhereasthatonrecreationeducationhealthcareandothershasincreasedsharply.Especiallyexpensesonrecreationandeducationincreasedmost.Theresultanalyzedcanbeexplainedbythreereasons.Firstpeople'slivingstandardhasimproved.Moneyspenttokeepthefamilyfromhungerandcoldnessisnotthemajorconcernanylonger.Secondpeoplerealizetheimportanceofeducation.Thirdpeoplespentmoremoneyonrecreationandhealthcareinordertoliveahappyandhealthylife.Theaboveanalysistellsusthatpeoplearenolongersatisfiedwithbasiclivingnecessities;insteadtheypaymoreattentiontotheirspirituallifeUndoubtedlythistrendwillcontinueinthefutureWiththeincreaseoffamilyexpensesonrecreationeducationandhealthcare.ChangesinFamilyExpensesThestatisticfiguresgivenbythistableshowtherearesomefundamentalchangesinfamilyexpensesinChinafrom1985to2005.Theamountofmoneyspentonfoodandclothinghasdecreaseddramaticallyinthepasttwentyyears,whereasthatonrecreation,education,healthcareandothershasincreasedsharply.Especially,expensesonrecreationandeducationincreasedmost.Theresultanalyzedcanbeexplainedbythreereasons.First,people'slivingstandardhasimproved.Moneyspenttokeepthefamilyfromhungerandcoldnessisnotthemajorconcernanylonger.Second,peoplerealizetheimportanceofeducation.Third,peoplespentmoremoneyonrecreationandhealthcareinordertoliveahappyandhealthylife.Theaboveanalysistellsusthatpeoplearenolongersatisfiedwithbasiclivingnecessities;insteadtheypaymoreattentiontotheirspirituallife,Undoubtedly,thistrendwillcontinueinthefutureWiththeincreaseoffamilyexpensesonrecreation,educationandhealthcare.解析：①由題目可知這是一篇圖表式說明文，需要仔細分析圖表的文字說明和數(shù)字表達，在完全理解的基礎(chǔ)上對其進行歸納總結(jié)。本文按照要求可分成三部分，第一段結(jié)合圖表信息說明家庭消費結(jié)構(gòu)在二十年內(nèi)的變化趨勢；第二段說明變化的原因；第三段根據(jù)變化得出結(jié)論，得出的結(jié)論必須與第二段的原因相吻合。②在每段的論述中請注意句式的變化，如定語從句，賓語從句等：銜接自然流暢，注意銜接手段的使用，如whereas，especially等。

2.ShouldWeAbolishtheOne-ChildPolicy?Inrecentyearsdebatehasbeengrowingoverwhethertheone-childpolicyshouldbeabolished.Somepeoplemaintainthatitshouldbeabolishedasithasresultedinmanyproblems.Forexampleithascontributedtotheshortageofmigrantworkersinbigcitieswhichwillslowthedevelopmentoftheeconomy.Birthcontrolhasledtogenderbalancetoowhichisaveryserioussocialproblemnow.Opponentshoweverinsistthatweshouldstickwiththeone-childpolicy.Theysaythatthecurrentfamilyplanningpolicyformedasaresultofgradualchangesinthepasttwodecadeshasprovedcompatiblewithnationalconditions.Besides200millionpeoplewouldenterchildbearingageduringthenextdecade.Givensuchalargepopulationbasetherewouldbemajorfluctuationsinpopulationgrowthifweabandonedtheone-childrulenow.Inmyopiniontheone-childpolicyshouldbekeptunchangedatthistimetoensurestableandbalancedpopulationgrowth.Howeveritisadvisablethatthegovernmentshouldgraduallyrelaxregulationsforexamplebyallowingtwoonly-childrentoeachhavetwooffspring.Thiswouldbefaireasytoenforceandwouldalsohelptorebalancethepopulation.ShouldWeAbolishtheOne-ChildPolicy?Inrecentyears,debatehasbeengrowingoverwhethertheone-childpolicyshouldbeabolished.Somepeoplemaintainthatitshouldbeabolishedasithasresultedinmanyproblems.Forexample,ithascontributedtotheshortageofmigrantworkersinbigcities,whichwillslowthedevelopmentoftheeconomy.Birthcontrolhasledtogenderbalancetoo,whichisaveryserioussocialproblemnow.Opponents,however,insistthatweshouldstickwiththeone-childpolicy.Theysaythatthecurrentfamilyplanningpolicy,formedasaresultofgradualchangesinthepasttwodecades,hasprovedcompatiblewithnationalconditions.Besides,200millionpeoplewouldenterchildbearingageduringthenextdecade.Givensuchalargepopulationbase,therewouldbemajorfluctuationsinpopulationgrowthifweabandonedtheone-childrulenow.Inmyopinion,theone-childpolicyshouldbekeptunchangedatthistimetoensurestableandbalancedpopulationgrowth.However,itisadvisablethatthegovernmentshouldgraduallyrelaxregulations,forexamplebyallowingtwoonly-childrentoeachhavetwooffspring.Thiswouldbefair,easytoenforceandwouldalsohelptorebalancethepopulation.

3.ACoverLetterDearSir/Madam①IknowfromyouradvertisementthatyouaregoingtoenrollsomeChinesestudentstopursuefurtherstudyinyouruniversity.②IamveryinterestedinitandIwillappreciateanopportunitytostudyACoverLetterDearSir/Madam,①IknowfromyouradvertisementthatyouaregoingtoenrollsomeChinesestudentstopursuefurtherstudyinyouruniversity.②IamveryinterestedinitandIwillappreciateanopportunitytostudy解析：[寫作點撥]①審題及布局。雖然不是求職，這篇作文也應(yīng)該屬于典型的自薦信，所以在格式上應(yīng)該遵循自薦信的整體寫作結(jié)構(gòu)，結(jié)合題目所給的具體信息進行寫作即可。第一段中要闡述你是如何得知該學(xué)校招收中國學(xué)生入校學(xué)習(xí)這個信息的。第二段中介紹個人信息，并闡明你對進入這個學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)感興趣的主要原因，同時應(yīng)該盡量說明個人有足夠的能力和水平來完成該學(xué)校的學(xué)習(xí)要求。第三段按照題目要求表示真誠地期待該學(xué)校的回復(fù)信息，同時要表示如果校方需要你更多的額外個人信息，你將非常愿意及時聯(lián)系。最后對校方能夠考慮你的申請表示感謝。②語言。本文是類似求職類的信件，所以語言上盡量要保持正規(guī)、準確；同時語言表達要真誠、可信。

4.GraduateSchoolorWork?WhileincreasinglylargenumbersofstudentschoosetofurthertheirstudyingraduateschoolimmediatelyaftergraduationIplantogotoworkaftercollege.ThisdoesnotmeanIdonotlikelearningorIdonotwanttolearn.RatherIchoosetoworkfirstsothatIcanunderstandbettermyinterestsandstrengthbeforecomingbacktograduateschoolforatargetedlearning.Professionalexperienceisanindispensablepartinone'slifeinthatithelpstobridgethegapbetweenwhatonehasbeenlearningandwhatoneplanstodo.Althoughlearningisanimportantpreparationforone'ssuccessonecanachievenothingunlesswhathasbeenlearnedisputintopractice.Afteralltheworldoutsideuniversitiesisdifferentfromandmorecolorfulthanthatinside.Onemayhaveplansthataremostlybasedonimaginationrathertha