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【2022年】四川省廣安市大學(xué)英語6級大學(xué)英語六級預(yù)測試題(含答案)學(xué)校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________
一、1.Writing(10題)1.Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteashortessaybasedonthefollowingnewsextractedfromanewspaper,commentingonwhathadhappenedandgivingyourownunderstandingofit.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsandgiveyouressayanappropriatetitle.
"香港著名影、視、歌三棲明星張國榮四月一日從香港某高層數(shù)縱身跳下,自殺身亡......"——《新民晚報》
2.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledIsItFarewelltothePrintedBook?Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:
--電子圖書悄然問世,帶來了巨大的市場潛力,并對出版業(yè)造成一定的沖擊
--電子圖書的優(yōu)勢和弊端
--電子圖書與紙質(zhì)書刊的前景
IsItFarewelltothePrintedBook?
3.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicWealthandHealth.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsandyoushouldbaseyourcompositionontheoutline(giveninChinese)below.
1.有人認為財富比健康重要:
2.也有人認為健康比財富重要;
3.我的觀點是______。
4.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledProsandConsofOnlineShopping.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:
1.簡單介紹網(wǎng)上購物的方法
2.闡述網(wǎng)上購物的好處
3.指出網(wǎng)上購物的缺點并總結(jié)
Usefulwordsandexpressions:
網(wǎng)上購物:onlineshopping/E-shopping
信用卡:creditcard
瀏覽(網(wǎng)頁):browse(vt.)
5.Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledOnFakeCommodities.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinEnglish:
1.Whatistakecommodity?
2.Theharmoffakecommodity.
3.Howtoputanendtofakecommodities?
6.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositionbasedonthefollowinggraphwhichshowsthechangesinthenumberofcollegegraduateswhochosetobeteachersortogointobusiness.ThesuggestedtitleisToBeaBusinessmanortoBeaTeacher.Youshouldwritenolessthan150wordsandyourwritingshouldcontainthefollowingideas:
1.大學(xué)畢業(yè)中選擇教師職業(yè)的人越來越少。
2.大學(xué)畢業(yè)和中在大公司里謀職從商的人越來越多。
3.出現(xiàn)這種情況的原因:在大公司工作工資待遇高,發(fā)展機會較多,可以較充分地實現(xiàn)個人的價值。
7.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopicCompetitionandCooperation.Youshouldwriteatleast150words,andbaseyourcompositionontheoutline(giveninChinese)below:
1.現(xiàn)代社會中競爭無處不在;
2.競爭和合作的關(guān)系。
8.Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledCreditCardsinCollegeCampus.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbasedonthechartandoutlinegivenbelow:
1.根據(jù)圖片描述某高校擁有信用卡的學(xué)生所占比例的變化
2.分析產(chǎn)生這些變化的原因
3.分如何看待信用卡令后在學(xué)生中的使用情況
CreditCardsinCollegeCampus
9.Direction:Forthispartyouareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicOnStress.Youshouldwritenolessthan150wordsandbaseyourcompositionontheonlinebelow.
1.有的人害怕壓力。
2.有的人認為壓力并不是一件壞事。
3.我的看法。
10.IsLongHolidayNecessary
1.對于長假是否必要,不同的人有不同的看法
2.我認為長假是必要的,因為……
3.如何度長假
二、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(10題)11.Thereleaseoflargequantitiesofthegreenhousegasmethaneaspermafrostmeltswillspeedup______.
12.
TheauthorofabookonGoogleandanearlyadmirerJohnBattellethinksthat______.
A.hebecomesmorewaryduetoGoogle
B.Googlemakesmanyusersuneasy
C.hepersistsinsupportingGoogle
D.Googlecontrolsonesource
13.
Acontrolfreakisapersonwho______.
A.alwaysfeelsoverwhelmed
B.wantstodoeverythingonhisown
C.isabletohandleeverything
D.setsaplanforeverythinghedoes
14.
WhodoesthewriterblameforthecollapseoftheNewfoundlandcodfishery?
A.TheUSfishingindustry.
B.TheCanadiangovernment.
C.Theforeignfishingindustry.
D.TheCanadianfishingindustry.
15.
ShestudiesatPennsylvaniaCollegeforWomenfirstwithamajorin______thenchangedhermajorto______.
16.
ThePentagonistheU.S.militaryestablishment,wheremorethan35,000peoplearenowemployed.
A.YB.NC.NG
17.
Today'sU.S.athletesusuallyavoidbeinglikearolemodelsincethatwillruintheirreputation.
A.YB.NC.NG
18.
InTheTaleofTwoPebbles,withthecreativewayofthinking,thegirleventuallyreversedtheunfavorableconditionandgained______.
19.
Somesiteadministratorsmakeitpossibleforsiteuserstocommunicatewiththeironlinedatingcontactsprivately.
A.YB.NC.NG
20.
Playingintheathleticfields,childrenstillneed______sothattheplaytimecanbemoreeffectiveandproductive.
三、3.ListeningComprehension(10題)21.
【B4】
22.聽力原文:M:Iheardthatthepre-turn-outfortheopeningofthenewsculptureexhibitwaskindofdisappointing.
W:IguessalotofotherpeoplefeelthewayIdoaboutmodemart.
Whatdoesthewomanmean?
(19)
A.Shelikesmodemart.
B.Alotofotherpeoplelikemodernart,too.
C.Alotofpeoplecametotheopening.
D.Modernartisnotattractivetothewoman.
23.(21)
A.Itbillsthecustomeronceamonth.
B.It'sakindofATMcards.
C.It'sakindofcreditcards.
D.Ittakesoutthemoneyfromthecustomer'sbankaccount.
24.SectionC
Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe
聽力原文:Scientistshavediscoveredthatplantsthemselvesproducemanypoisonouschemicalsfordefenseagainstinsects.Butinsectshavedevelopedwaysofdealingwiththemand,infact,havebeeneatingplantsforabout250millionyears.Nowinsectsareusingthesesamemechanismstodealwithman-madepoisons—insecticides.Thisiswhyresistanceofinsectstoinsecticideshasdevelopedsorapidly
Whatshouldbedone?Scientistsstudyingtheproblemsuggestthatfarmersuselessinsecticides.Atthemoment,farmersregularlyspraycropsasaprecautionagainstproblemsthatarecausedbylargenumbersofpests.Theyshould,instead,sprayonlywherepestshaveactuallybeenseen.Secondly,farmerscoulduseacombinationoftwoorthreeinsecticidesatonce.Tosurvive,theinsectswouldneedtobecomeresistanttotwoormoreinsecticidesatthesametime.
Themostsurprisingsuggestion,perhaps,isthatatcertaintimesoftheyear,farmersshouldactuallytrytoattractinsectsontothecropstheyaretryingtoprotect.Thenewinsectswillmatewiththosewhichsurvivedfromacertainkindofinsecticideantiwilllessenthelatter'sresistancetoit.
Scientisthopethattheseandothermeasureswillpostponethedaywhenfarmersandscientistswillhavetostandbywhilenewsuper-bugswhichmayberesistanttoallpoisonsinvadeourfarmsanddevourourcrops.
Scientistshavediscoveredthatplantsthemselvesproducemanypoisonouschemicalsfor(36)______againstinsects.Butinsectshavedevelopedwaysof(37)______withthemand,infact,havebeeneatingplantsforabout250millionyears.Nowinsectsareusingthesesame(38)______todealwithman-madepoisons—insecticides.Thisiswhy(39)______ofinsectstoinsecticideshasdevelopedso(40)______.
Whatshouldbedone?Scientistsstudyingtheproblemsuggestthatfarmersuselessinsecticides.Atthemoment,farmers(41)______spraycropsasa(42)______againstproblemsthatarecausedbylargenumberofpests.Theyshould,instead,sprayonlywherepestshaveactuallybeenseen.Secondly,farmerscouldusea(43)______oftwoorthreeinsecticidesatonce.(44)____________.
Themostsurprisingsuggestion,perhaps,isthatatcertaintimesoftheyear,(45)____________.Thenewinsectswillmatewiththosewhichsurvivedfromacertainkindofinsecticideandwilllessenthelatter'sresistancetoit.
(46)____________,whichmayberesistanttoallpoisonsinvadeourfarmsanddevourourcrops.
25.(39)
26.(14)
A.Heisrowingaboatwiththewomannow.
B.Heisashamedofbeingpoor.
C.Hecan'taffordtobuyexpensivethings.
D.Hehasthesamehope.
27.(19)
A.TakeaclasstogetherwithMary.
B.AskMarytohelphimchooseatopic.
C.Changethetopicofhisresearchproject.
D.Signupforadifferentpoliticalsciencecourse.
28.SectionC
Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe
Itdoesn'tcomeasasurprisetoyoutorealizethatitmakesnodifferencewhatyoureadorstudyifyoucan'trememberit.Youjustwasteyour(36)______time.Maybeyouhavealreadydiscoveredsomecleverwaystokeepyourselffrom(37)______.
Onedependableaidthatdoeshelpyourememberwhatyoustudyistohaveaspecificpurposeor(38)______forreading.Yourememberbetterwhatyoureadwhenyouknowwhyyou'rereading.
Readingisnotonesingleactivity.Atleasttwoimportant(39)______goonatthesametime.Asyouread,youtakeinideasrapidlyand(40)______.Butatthesametimeyouexpressyourownideastoyourselfasyoureacttowhatyouread.Youhaveakindof(41)______conversationwiththeauthor.Ifyouexpressedyourideasorally,theymightsoundlikethis:"Yes,Iagree.That'smyopiniontoo."or"Umm,Ithoughtthatrecordwas(42)______muchearlier.I'dbettercheckthosedates,"or"Buttherearesomeotherfactstobe(43)______!"Youdon'tjustsittheretakinginideas—youdosomethingelse,andthatsomethingelseisveryimportant.(44)____________.Inotherwords,agoodreaderisacriticalreader.(45)____________.Factscanbecheckedbyevidence.Opinionsareone'sownpersonalreactions.(46)____________.
29.(36)
A.Encouragethegrowthofreading.
B.Changepeople'sattitudestoreading.
C.Showhowreadingmethodshavebeenimproved.
D.Explainhowpresent-dayreadinghabitsdeveloped.
30.聽力原文:W:James,Idon'tknowifyouknowthis.ButI'mpreparedtorunfor.classpresidentandI'mwonderingifI,ifIcancountonyourvote.
M:Oh,maybeifyouaskedmesooner.Butmyroommate'srunningtooandI'vealreadypromisedhimhehadmysupport.
Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?
(16)
A.Hewon'tvoteforthewoman.
B.Hemayalsorunforclasspresident.
C.Heshouldpromisetosupportthewoman.
D.Thewomanshouldaskhisroommatetovoteforher.
四、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(3題)31.【S5】
32.
Theauthorexpectsthatthefamilyeconomicswilldevelopintoa______model.
33.
LauraMcHughpromisedtogetthebulliedboytestedfordiseasesbecause______.
A.hersonconfessedtobeingwrong
B.shewasafraidtoannoytheboy'sparents
C.hewaslikelytobeaffectedbythesediseases
D.shewantedtoteachherownsonalesson
五、5.ErrorCorrection(3題)34.
【S3】
35.
【S10】
36.
【S2】
六、6.ErrorCorrection(3題)37.
【S9】
38.ThomasMalthuspublishedhis"EssayonthePrincipleof
Population"almost200yearsago.Eversincethen,forecastershave
beingwarningthatworldwidefaminewasjustaroundthenextcomer.【S1】______
Thefastgrowingpopulation'sdemandforfood,theywarned,would
soonexceedtheirsupply,leadingtothewidespreadfoodshortages【S2】______
andstarvation.
Butinreality,theworld'stotalgrainharvesthasrisensteadilyover
theyears.Exceptforrelativeisolatedtroublespotslikepresent-day【S3】______
Somalia,andoccasionalyearsofgoodharvests,theworld'sfoodcrisis【S4】______
hasremainedjustaroundthecomer.Mostexpertsbelievethiscan
continueevenasifthepopulationdoublesbythemid-21stcentury,【S5】______
althoughfeeding10billionpeoplewillnotbeeasyforpolitics,【S6】______
economicandenvironmentalreasons.Optimistspointtoconcrete
examplesofcontinuedimprovementsinyield.InAfrica,byinstance,【S7】______
improvedseed,morefertilizerandadvancedgrowingpracticeshave
morethandoublecomandwheatyieldinanexperiment.Elsewhere,【S8】______
riceexpertsinthePhilippinesareproducingaplantwithfewstemsand【S9】______
moreseeds.Thereisnoguaranteethatplantbreedcancontinueto【S10】______
developnew,high-yieldingcrop,butmostresearchersseetheirsuccess
todateasthereasonforhope.
【S1】
39.
【S3】
參考答案
1.IsItaPerfectEnding?Somepeopleheartheirinnervoiceofpursuingperfectionincludingaperfectending.Suchpeoplebecometriumphantbuttheychoosetosuicide.Mr.ZhangGuorongisamongthem.EndingneIsItaPerfectEnding?Somepeopleheartheirinnervoiceofpursuingperfection,includingaperfectending.Suchpeoplebecometriumphant,buttheychoosetosuicide.Mr.ZhangGuorongisamongthem.Endingne
2.IsItFarewelltothePrintedBook?WhenStevenKingpublishedhisbookRidingtheBulletinMarch2000aroundtwomillionpeopledownloadeditfromtheInternetwithinhours.Itwasthefirsttimethatanelectronicbookhadmadeahitanditproducedagreatimpactonthepublishingindustry.Anelectronicbookore-bookissimplyaversionofabookthatallowsyoutostoreanddisplayitdigitally.T.E-booktechnologyallowsyoutocarryaroundawholelibraryinasmallunit.Youcanalsohighlightawordtobringupitsdefinitionsothatyoucanfindthemeaningsofindividualwordseasilyandyoucanenlargethewordsizeifyouhavepooreyesight.Infacte-bookreadersarebeingdevelopedforpeoplewhoarevisuallyimpaired.Anotheradvantageisthatitletsyoubuybooksinsegmentsandcarrythemaroundeasilywhichshouldappealtostudentswhoarecarryingheavybagstoschooleveryday.Infactsomeuniversitiesareplanningtogivehand-helddevicestoalltheirstudentstohelpthemintheirstudies.Despiteallthisthecurrente-bookreadersareunlikelytoreplaceprintedbookscompletely.Itisnottimetosayfarewelltoprintedbooksbecausepeopleareusedtotheprintedwordandsomepeoplefeeluneasysittinginfrontofthescreen.Fortheme-booksaremoredifficulttoreadande-bookscannotbeasattractiveastheprintedword.HoweverIamconfidentthate-bookswillenjoymoreandmorepopularityamongstudentsandmoreandmorepeoplewillbeattractedbye-bookswiththedevelopmentofelectronictechnology.IsItFarewelltothePrintedBook?WhenStevenKingpublishedhisbookRidingtheBulletinMarch,2000,aroundtwomillionpeopledownloadeditfromtheInternetwithinhours.Itwasthefirsttimethatanelectronicbookhadmadeahit,anditproducedagreatimpactonthepublishingindustry.Anelectronicbook,ore-book,issimplyaversionofabookthatallowsyoutostoreanddisplayitdigitally.T.E-booktechnologyallowsyoutocarryaroundawholelibraryinasmallunit.Youcanalsohighlightawordtobringupitsdefinitionsothatyoucanfindthemeaningsofindividualwordseasilyandyoucanenlargethewordsizeifyouhavepooreyesight.Infact,e-bookreadersarebeingdevelopedforpeoplewhoarevisuallyimpaired.Anotheradvantageisthatitletsyoubuybooksinsegmentsandcarrythemaroundeasily,whichshouldappealtostudents,whoarecarryingheavybagstoschooleveryday.Infact,someuniversitiesareplanningtogivehand-helddevicestoalltheirstudentstohelpthemintheirstudies.Despiteallthis,thecurrente-bookreadersareunlikelytoreplaceprintedbookscompletely.Itisnottimetosayfarewelltoprintedbooks,becausepeopleareusedtotheprintedwordandsomepeoplefeeluneasysittinginfrontofthescreen.Forthem,e-booksaremoredifficulttoreadande-bookscannotbeasattractiveastheprintedword.However,Iamconfidentthate-bookswillenjoymoreandmorepopularityamongstudentsandmoreandmorepeoplewillbeattractedbye-bookswiththedevelopmentofelectronictechnology.
3.WealthandHealthWiththedevelopmentofsocietypeopleattachmoreimportancetowealthandhealth.Butwhichismoreimportantwealthorhealth?Differentpeoplehavedifferentopinions.Somepeoplethinkwealthismoreimportant.Theyevensaymoneycannotbringyoueverythingbutwithoutmoneyyoucandonothing.Inordertoaccumulatemoremoneytheycandoanything.Howeverotherpeopleregardhealthismoreimportant.Oncehealthlostitisnousehavingalotofmoney.Everybodywantstoliveahappylife.Sotheytrytheirbesttoearnmoneywhichcanensuretheyleadacomfortablelifebutifhappinessandcomfortareachievedatthecostoftheirhealthhowcantheybehappy?AsfarasIamconcernedIlovewealthbutIvaluehealthmorebecausehealthisthepremiseonwhichpeopledoanything.Withouthealthmoneybecomesuseless.Ithinkeveryoneagreesthatawealthypersonwithoutgoodhealthcannotliveahappylife.Thereforeweshouldkeepfitbyeverypossiblemeans.WealthandHealthWiththedevelopmentofsocietypeopleattachmoreimportancetowealthandhealth.Butwhichismoreimportant,wealthorhealth?Differentpeoplehavedifferentopinions.Somepeoplethinkwealthismoreimportant.Theyevensay,moneycannotbringyoueverything,butwithoutmoney,youcandonothing.Inordertoaccumulatemoremoneytheycandoanything.Howeverotherpeopleregardhealthismoreimportant.Oncehealthlost,itisnousehavingalotofmoney.Everybodywantstoliveahappylife.Sotheytrytheirbesttoearnmoneywhichcanensuretheyleadacomfortablelife,butifhappinessandcomfortareachievedatthecostoftheirhealth,howcantheybehappy?AsfarasIamconcerned,Ilovewealth,butIvaluehealthmore,becausehealthisthepremiseonwhichpeopledoanything.Withouthealthmoneybecomesuseless.Ithink,everyoneagreesthatawealthypersonwithoutgoodhealthcannotliveahappylife.Thereforeweshouldkeepfitbyeverypossiblemeans.解析:寫作指導(dǎo):
該作文題屬于提綱式作文,是六級典型考題。要求從正反兩個方面展開論述,而且要依據(jù)中文給出的提綱。最后要表明自己的觀點。可分三步寫作。第一段提出誰更重要的問題。第二段寫不同人持不同的觀點。第三段寫自己的看法。寫作這種文章時,有些句子是可以套用的。考生可模仿參考范文上的某些句式。
4.ProsandConsofOnlineShoppingRapiddevelopmentoftheInternetleadstotheriseofonlineshopping.Peoplefirstbrowsethroughthescreentofindwantedarticlesthenpaywithcreditordebitcardsandthegoodsarelaterdeliveredtothem.WebsitessuchaseBayandTaobaohavebecomeburgeoningcompetitorsversusrealstorestakingupaconsiderablemarketshareConvenienceisthemajorattractionaboutonlineshopping.Whileitusuallytakesawholedaytowanderaboutthemallsonlineshoppingprocessiswithinseveralclicksofthemouseathome.Sincetheorderedgoodsaredeliveredtoyourdoorstepsthereisnoneedtolugheavybagshome.Lowerpriceisalsoanadvantage.OnlineStoreshaveloweroverheadsthusreducingthecosts.Asaresultcustomerscanhaverealbargains.Howeveratpresentsecurityofonlineshoppingisstillaconcernforsomepeople.Thereisachanceyoucouldgetrippedoffbythewebsiteorahackercouldworkoutthepasswordofyourcreditcard.Whatismorecustomersonlyseethepicturesonlineandaresometimesdissatisfiedwiththeactualitems.Afterallonlineshoppingisanemergingthingandwebelievetheseproblemscanbesolvedwhenthemarketismoremature.Bythenpeoplecangoshoppingonlinefreeofworry.ProsandConsofOnlineShoppingRapiddevelopmentoftheInternetleadstotheriseofonlineshopping.Peoplefirstbrowsethroughthescreentofindwantedarticles,thenpaywithcreditordebitcards,andthegoodsarelaterdeliveredtothem.WebsitessuchaseBayandTaobaohavebecomeburgeoningcompetitorsversusrealstores,takingupaconsiderablemarketshareConvenienceisthemajorattractionaboutonlineshopping.Whileitusuallytakesawholedaytowanderaboutthemalls,onlineshoppingprocessiswithinseveralclicksofthemouseathome.Sincetheorderedgoodsaredeliveredtoyourdoorsteps,thereisnoneedtolugheavybagshome.Lowerpriceisalsoanadvantage.OnlineStoreshaveloweroverheads,thusreducingthecosts.Asaresult,customerscanhaverealbargains.However,atpresent,securityofonlineshoppingisstillaconcernforsomepeople.Thereisachanceyoucouldgetrippedoffbythewebsite,orahackercouldworkoutthepasswordofyourcreditcard.Whatismore,customersonlyseethepicturesonline,andaresometimesdissatisfiedwiththeactualitems.Afterall,onlineshoppingisanemergingthing,andwebelievetheseproblemscanbesolvedwhenthemarketismoremature.Bythen,peoplecangoshoppingonlinefreeofworry.解析:寫作提示:網(wǎng)上購物是近年來一種新興的并且比較流行的購物方式,大學(xué)生一般應(yīng)該有一定的了解。命題為“ProsandConsof...”,即要求正反兩方面的論點不僅都要涉及,而且內(nèi)容上需要保持平衡。本題中,第一段其實是關(guān)于網(wǎng)上購物流程的說明,可以按照流程步驟來寫。第二段和第三段為議論的中心部分。優(yōu)點可以從方便、省錢方面來寫,而從目前來看,網(wǎng)上購物的缺點主要是安全方面的漏洞。
5.OnFakeCommoditiesWhatarefakecommodities?Theyareproductswithfamousbrandsorgoodnamesbutpoorqualitiesorevenperniciousness;therearemanyoftheminourmarket.IfyouarecarelessyouwillbuythemwitOnFakeCommoditiesWhatarefakecommodities?Theyareproductswithfamousbrandsorgoodnamesbutpoorqualitiesorevenperniciousness;therearemanyoftheminourmarket.Ifyouarecareless,youwillbuythemwit
6.ENTHUSIASMFORSPORTSModernsportsarebecomingmorespectator-orientedthanparticipantoriented.JustthinkofmillionsandmillionsofpeoplewhospendcountlesshoursbeforeTVsetswatchingsportsofallsorts:OlympicGamesWorldSeriesGamesandtheWorldCupSoccerGames.Accordingtoasurveysportshavethegreatestnumberofviewers(78%)amongvarioustelevisedevents.Whenanimportantfootballmatchistelevisedlivethestreetsofabigcityareoftenleftdeserted.Evenifitmakesspectatorsdog-tiredthenextdaytheycannottearthemselvesawayfromthescreen.Theyareeagertoknowforsurethefinalscores."Truethescoreswillbeavailableinthemorningpaper"saysafootballfan"butthat'snotthesamething:what'sgoingonhere!"ApassionforsportstakespossessionofthousandsofpeoplewhogotostadiumswatchgamesonTVorlistentobroadcasts.Oneoftheprimarycausesperhapsisthatsportscanprovidealternativeoutletsforemotionsandalternativesourcesofsatisfaction.Modernscienceandtechnologyhasreducedmostofworkandlifetoaroutine.Thereisnovarietynorchallengenorrisk.Everythingispredictableandcontrollable.Amongtheactivitiesthroughwhichpeopleseekreleasefromtheircolorlessexistenceorpent-upemotionssportsofferthepurestformofescapeandhealthiestoutlet.Sportscanobliterateawarenessofeverydayrealitydischargethetensionsofadayatworksatisfythestarvedneedforfreefantasyandaggressiveurgeandliftonetoamomentofintenseexcitementandexhilaration.Enthusiasmforsportsalsoreflectsthepublic"feeling."Formostpeopleitrepresentsacommonbackgroundasharedinterest.Ithasabindingpowerthattranscendssocialclassesandpoliticalviews.Strangersmaysharenothinginthewayofreligioneducationandpoliticsbutthesharedinterestinsportsisstrongenoughforthemtogetalongandevenbecomefriends.Sportsgivepeopletheopportunitytobecomeapartofacommunity.Justbecauseofthenatureofsportitselfandofhumanbeingssportscanalwaysinciteinthemapassionateenthusiasm.ENTHUSIASMFORSPORTSModernsportsarebecomingmorespectator-orientedthanparticipantoriented.JustthinkofmillionsandmillionsofpeoplewhospendcountlesshoursbeforeTVsetswatchingsportsofallsorts:OlympicGames,WorldSeriesGamesandtheWorldCupSoccerGames.Accordingtoasurvey,sportshavethegreatestnumberofviewers(78%)amongvarioustelevisedevents.Whenanimportantfootballmatchistelevisedlive,thestreetsofabigcityareoftenleftdeserted.Evenifitmakesspectatorsdog-tiredthenextday,theycannottearthemselvesawayfromthescreen.Theyareeagertoknowforsurethefinalscores."True,thescoreswillbeavailableinthemorningpaper,"saysafootballfan,"butthat'snotthesamething:what'sgoingonhere!"Apassionforsportstakespossessionofthousandsofpeoplewhogotostadiums,watchgamesonTVorlistentobroadcasts.Oneoftheprimarycausesperhapsisthatsportscanprovidealternativeoutletsforemotionsandalternativesourcesofsatisfaction.Modernscienceandtechnologyhasreducedmostofworkandlifetoaroutine.Thereisnovariety,norchallenge,norrisk.Everythingispredictableandcontrollable.Amongtheactivitiesthroughwhichpeopleseekreleasefromtheircolorlessexistenceorpent-upemotions,sportsofferthepurestform.ofescapeandhealthiestoutlet.Sportscanobliterateawarenessofeverydayreality,dischargethetensionsofadayatwork,satisfythestarvedneedforfreefantasyandaggressiveurge,andliftonetoamomentofintenseexcitementandexhilaration.Enthusiasmforsportsalsoreflectsthepublic"feeling."Formostpeopleitrepresentsacommonbackground,asharedinterest.Ithasabindingpowerthattranscendssocialclassesandpoliticalviews.Strangersmaysharenothinginthewayofreligion,educationandpolitics,butthesharedinterestinsportsisstrongenoughforthemtogetalongandevenbecomefriends.Sportsgivepeopletheopportunitytobecomeapartofacommunity.Justbecauseofthenatureofsportitselfandofhumanbeings,sportscanalwaysinciteinthemapassionateenthusiasm.
7.CompetitionandCooperationCompetitionisacommonphenomenoninoursociallife.Wecompetewhenweplaygames;wetrytodobetterthanothersinourstudyandthereisconstantcompetitionforjobscustomersmoneyandsoforth.Wecansaytosomeextentcompetitionisoneofthemotiveforcesofthedevelopmentofsociety.Wecanalsofindcompetitionandcooperationatthesametime.Takeabaseballgameforexample.Oneteamiscompetingagainsttheother.Alltheplayerswanttotrytheirbesttodefeattheiropponentsandwinthegamebutthesingle-handedeffortofoneplayerislimitedandeachmemberoftheteamhastocooperatewithhisorherteammates.Inmostcaseswecannotwininthecompetitionwithoutcoopera
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