【2022年】四川省廣安市大學(xué)英語6級大學(xué)英語六級預(yù)測試題(含答案)

【2022年】四川省廣安市大學(xué)英語6級大學(xué)英語六級預(yù)測試題(含答案)學(xué)校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________

一、1.Writing(10題)1.Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteashortessaybasedonthefollowingnewsextractedfromanewspaper,commentingonwhathadhappenedandgivingyourownunderstandingofit.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsandgiveyouressayanappropriatetitle.

"香港著名影、視、歌三棲明星張國榮四月一日從香港某高層數(shù)縱身跳下，自殺身亡......"——《新民晚報》

2.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledIsItFarewelltothePrintedBook?Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:

--電子圖書悄然問世，帶來了巨大的市場潛力，并對出版業(yè)造成一定的沖擊

--電子圖書的優(yōu)勢和弊端

--電子圖書與紙質(zhì)書刊的前景

IsItFarewelltothePrintedBook?

3.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicWealthandHealth.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsandyoushouldbaseyourcompositionontheoutline(giveninChinese)below.

1.有人認為財富比健康重要:

2．也有人認為健康比財富重要；

3．我的觀點是______。

4.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledProsandConsofOnlineShopping.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow：

1.簡單介紹網(wǎng)上購物的方法

2．闡述網(wǎng)上購物的好處

3．指出網(wǎng)上購物的缺點并總結(jié)

Usefulwordsandexpressions：

網(wǎng)上購物：onlineshopping/E-shopping

信用卡：creditcard

瀏覽(網(wǎng)頁)：browse(vt.)

5.Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledOnFakeCommodities.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinEnglish:

1.Whatistakecommodity?

2.Theharmoffakecommodity.

3.Howtoputanendtofakecommodities?

6.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositionbasedonthefollowinggraphwhichshowsthechangesinthenumberofcollegegraduateswhochosetobeteachersortogointobusiness.ThesuggestedtitleisToBeaBusinessmanortoBeaTeacher.Youshouldwritenolessthan150wordsandyourwritingshouldcontainthefollowingideas:

1.大學(xué)畢業(yè)中選擇教師職業(yè)的人越來越少。

2.大學(xué)畢業(yè)和中在大公司里謀職從商的人越來越多。

3.出現(xiàn)這種情況的原因：在大公司工作工資待遇高，發(fā)展機會較多，可以較充分地實現(xiàn)個人的價值。

7.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopicCompetitionandCooperation.Youshouldwriteatleast150words,andbaseyourcompositionontheoutline(giveninChinese)below:

1.現(xiàn)代社會中競爭無處不在；

2．競爭和合作的關(guān)系。

8.Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledCreditCardsinCollegeCampus.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbasedonthechartandoutlinegivenbelow:

1.根據(jù)圖片描述某高校擁有信用卡的學(xué)生所占比例的變化

2.分析產(chǎn)生這些變化的原因

3.分如何看待信用卡令后在學(xué)生中的使用情況

CreditCardsinCollegeCampus

9.Direction:Forthispartyouareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicOnStress.Youshouldwritenolessthan150wordsandbaseyourcompositionontheonlinebelow.

1.有的人害怕壓力。

2．有的人認為壓力并不是一件壞事。

3．我的看法。

10.IsLongHolidayNecessary

1．對于長假是否必要，不同的人有不同的看法

2．我認為長假是必要的，因為……

3．如何度長假

二、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(10題)11.Thereleaseoflargequantitiesofthegreenhousegasmethaneaspermafrostmeltswillspeedup______.

12.

TheauthorofabookonGoogleandanearlyadmirerJohnBattellethinksthat______.

A.hebecomesmorewaryduetoGoogle

B.Googlemakesmanyusersuneasy

C.hepersistsinsupportingGoogle

D.Googlecontrolsonesource

13.

Acontrolfreakisapersonwho______.

A.alwaysfeelsoverwhelmed

B.wantstodoeverythingonhisown

C.isabletohandleeverything

D.setsaplanforeverythinghedoes

14.

WhodoesthewriterblameforthecollapseoftheNewfoundlandcodfishery?

A.TheUSfishingindustry.

B.TheCanadiangovernment.

C.Theforeignfishingindustry.

D.TheCanadianfishingindustry.

15.

ShestudiesatPennsylvaniaCollegeforWomenfirstwithamajorin______thenchangedhermajorto______.

16.

ThePentagonistheU.S.militaryestablishment,wheremorethan35,000peoplearenowemployed.

A.YB.NC.NG

17.

Today'sU.S.athletesusuallyavoidbeinglikearolemodelsincethatwillruintheirreputation.

A.YB.NC.NG

18.

InTheTaleofTwoPebbles,withthecreativewayofthinking,thegirleventuallyreversedtheunfavorableconditionandgained______.

19.

Somesiteadministratorsmakeitpossibleforsiteuserstocommunicatewiththeironlinedatingcontactsprivately.

A.YB.NC.NG

20.

Playingintheathleticfields,childrenstillneed______sothattheplaytimecanbemoreeffectiveandproductive.

三、3.ListeningComprehension(10題)21.

【B4】

22.聽力原文：M:Iheardthatthepre-turn-outfortheopeningofthenewsculptureexhibitwaskindofdisappointing.

W:IguessalotofotherpeoplefeelthewayIdoaboutmodemart.

Whatdoesthewomanmean?

(19)

A.Shelikesmodemart.

B.Alotofotherpeoplelikemodernart,too.

C.Alotofpeoplecametotheopening.

D.Modernartisnotattractivetothewoman.

23.(21)

A.Itbillsthecustomeronceamonth.

B.It'sakindofATMcards.

C.It'sakindofcreditcards.

D.Ittakesoutthemoneyfromthecustomer'sbankaccount.

24.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

聽力原文：Scientistshavediscoveredthatplantsthemselvesproducemanypoisonouschemicalsfordefenseagainstinsects.Butinsectshavedevelopedwaysofdealingwiththemand,infact,havebeeneatingplantsforabout250millionyears.Nowinsectsareusingthesesamemechanismstodealwithman-madepoisons—insecticides.Thisiswhyresistanceofinsectstoinsecticideshasdevelopedsorapidly

Whatshouldbedone?Scientistsstudyingtheproblemsuggestthatfarmersuselessinsecticides.Atthemoment,farmersregularlyspraycropsasaprecautionagainstproblemsthatarecausedbylargenumbersofpests.Theyshould,instead,sprayonlywherepestshaveactuallybeenseen.Secondly,farmerscoulduseacombinationoftwoorthreeinsecticidesatonce.Tosurvive,theinsectswouldneedtobecomeresistanttotwoormoreinsecticidesatthesametime.

Themostsurprisingsuggestion,perhaps,isthatatcertaintimesoftheyear,farmersshouldactuallytrytoattractinsectsontothecropstheyaretryingtoprotect.Thenewinsectswillmatewiththosewhichsurvivedfromacertainkindofinsecticideantiwilllessenthelatter'sresistancetoit.

Scientisthopethattheseandothermeasureswillpostponethedaywhenfarmersandscientistswillhavetostandbywhilenewsuper-bugswhichmayberesistanttoallpoisonsinvadeourfarmsanddevourourcrops.

Scientistshavediscoveredthatplantsthemselvesproducemanypoisonouschemicalsfor(36)______againstinsects.Butinsectshavedevelopedwaysof(37)______withthemand,infact,havebeeneatingplantsforabout250millionyears.Nowinsectsareusingthesesame(38)______todealwithman-madepoisons—insecticides.Thisiswhy(39)______ofinsectstoinsecticideshasdevelopedso(40)______.

Whatshouldbedone?Scientistsstudyingtheproblemsuggestthatfarmersuselessinsecticides.Atthemoment,farmers(41)______spraycropsasa(42)______againstproblemsthatarecausedbylargenumberofpests.Theyshould,instead,sprayonlywherepestshaveactuallybeenseen.Secondly,farmerscouldusea(43)______oftwoorthreeinsecticidesatonce.(44)____________.

Themostsurprisingsuggestion,perhaps,isthatatcertaintimesoftheyear,(45)____________.Thenewinsectswillmatewiththosewhichsurvivedfromacertainkindofinsecticideandwilllessenthelatter'sresistancetoit.

(46)____________,whichmayberesistanttoallpoisonsinvadeourfarmsanddevourourcrops.

25.(39)

26.(14)

A.Heisrowingaboatwiththewomannow.

B.Heisashamedofbeingpoor.

C.Hecan'taffordtobuyexpensivethings.

D.Hehasthesamehope.

27.(19)

A.TakeaclasstogetherwithMary.

B.AskMarytohelphimchooseatopic.

C.Changethetopicofhisresearchproject.

D.Signupforadifferentpoliticalsciencecourse.

28.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

Itdoesn'tcomeasasurprisetoyoutorealizethatitmakesnodifferencewhatyoureadorstudyifyoucan'trememberit.Youjustwasteyour(36)______time.Maybeyouhavealreadydiscoveredsomecleverwaystokeepyourselffrom(37)______.

Onedependableaidthatdoeshelpyourememberwhatyoustudyistohaveaspecificpurposeor(38)______forreading.Yourememberbetterwhatyoureadwhenyouknowwhyyou'rereading.

Readingisnotonesingleactivity.Atleasttwoimportant(39)______goonatthesametime.Asyouread,youtakeinideasrapidlyand(40)______.Butatthesametimeyouexpressyourownideastoyourselfasyoureacttowhatyouread.Youhaveakindof(41)______conversationwiththeauthor.Ifyouexpressedyourideasorally,theymightsoundlikethis:"Yes,Iagree.That'smyopiniontoo."or"Umm,Ithoughtthatrecordwas(42)______muchearlier.I'dbettercheckthosedates,"or"Buttherearesomeotherfactstobe(43)______!"Youdon'tjustsittheretakinginideas—youdosomethingelse,andthatsomethingelseisveryimportant.(44)____________.Inotherwords,agoodreaderisacriticalreader.(45)____________.Factscanbecheckedbyevidence.Opinionsareone'sownpersonalreactions.(46)____________.

29.(36)

A.Encouragethegrowthofreading.

B.Changepeople'sattitudestoreading.

C.Showhowreadingmethodshavebeenimproved.

D.Explainhowpresent-dayreadinghabitsdeveloped.

30.聽力原文：W:James,Idon'tknowifyouknowthis.ButI'mpreparedtorunfor.classpresidentandI'mwonderingifI,ifIcancountonyourvote.

M:Oh,maybeifyouaskedmesooner.Butmyroommate'srunningtooandI'vealreadypromisedhimhehadmysupport.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

(16)

A.Hewon'tvoteforthewoman.

B.Hemayalsorunforclasspresident.

C.Heshouldpromisetosupportthewoman.

D.Thewomanshouldaskhisroommatetovoteforher.

四、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(3題)31.【S5】

32.

Theauthorexpectsthatthefamilyeconomicswilldevelopintoa______model.

33.

LauraMcHughpromisedtogetthebulliedboytestedfordiseasesbecause______.

A.hersonconfessedtobeingwrong

B.shewasafraidtoannoytheboy'sparents

C.hewaslikelytobeaffectedbythesediseases

D.shewantedtoteachherownsonalesson

五、5.ErrorCorrection(3題)34.

【S3】

35.

【S10】

36.

【S2】

六、6.ErrorCorrection(3題)37.

【S9】

38.ThomasMalthuspublishedhis"EssayonthePrincipleof

Population"almost200yearsago.Eversincethen,forecastershave

beingwarningthatworldwidefaminewasjustaroundthenextcomer.【S1】______

Thefastgrowingpopulation'sdemandforfood,theywarned,would

soonexceedtheirsupply,leadingtothewidespreadfoodshortages【S2】______

andstarvation.

Butinreality,theworld'stotalgrainharvesthasrisensteadilyover

theyears.Exceptforrelativeisolatedtroublespotslikepresent-day【S3】______

Somalia,andoccasionalyearsofgoodharvests,theworld'sfoodcrisis【S4】______

hasremainedjustaroundthecomer.Mostexpertsbelievethiscan

continueevenasifthepopulationdoublesbythemid-21stcentury,【S5】______

althoughfeeding10billionpeoplewillnotbeeasyforpolitics,【S6】______

economicandenvironmentalreasons.Optimistspointtoconcrete

examplesofcontinuedimprovementsinyield.InAfrica,byinstance,【S7】______

improvedseed,morefertilizerandadvancedgrowingpracticeshave

morethandoublecomandwheatyieldinanexperiment.Elsewhere,【S8】______

riceexpertsinthePhilippinesareproducingaplantwithfewstemsand【S9】______

moreseeds.Thereisnoguaranteethatplantbreedcancontinueto【S10】______

developnew,high-yieldingcrop,butmostresearchersseetheirsuccess

todateasthereasonforhope.

【S1】

39.

【S3】

參考答案

1.IsItaPerfectEnding?Somepeopleheartheirinnervoiceofpursuingperfectionincludingaperfectending.Suchpeoplebecometriumphantbuttheychoosetosuicide.Mr.ZhangGuorongisamongthem.EndingneIsItaPerfectEnding?Somepeopleheartheirinnervoiceofpursuingperfection,includingaperfectending.Suchpeoplebecometriumphant,buttheychoosetosuicide.Mr.ZhangGuorongisamongthem.Endingne

2.IsItFarewelltothePrintedBook?WhenStevenKingpublishedhisbookRidingtheBulletinMarch2000aroundtwomillionpeopledownloadeditfromtheInternetwithinhours.Itwasthefirsttimethatanelectronicbookhadmadeahitanditproducedagreatimpactonthepublishingindustry.Anelectronicbookore-bookissimplyaversionofabookthatallowsyoutostoreanddisplayitdigitally.T.E-booktechnologyallowsyoutocarryaroundawholelibraryinasmallunit.Youcanalsohighlightawordtobringupitsdefinitionsothatyoucanfindthemeaningsofindividualwordseasilyandyoucanenlargethewordsizeifyouhavepooreyesight.Infacte-bookreadersarebeingdevelopedforpeoplewhoarevisuallyimpaired.Anotheradvantageisthatitletsyoubuybooksinsegmentsandcarrythemaroundeasilywhichshouldappealtostudentswhoarecarryingheavybagstoschooleveryday.Infactsomeuniversitiesareplanningtogivehand-helddevicestoalltheirstudentstohelpthemintheirstudies.Despiteallthisthecurrente-bookreadersareunlikelytoreplaceprintedbookscompletely.Itisnottimetosayfarewelltoprintedbooksbecausepeopleareusedtotheprintedwordandsomepeoplefeeluneasysittinginfrontofthescreen.Fortheme-booksaremoredifficulttoreadande-bookscannotbeasattractiveastheprintedword.HoweverIamconfidentthate-bookswillenjoymoreandmorepopularityamongstudentsandmoreandmorepeoplewillbeattractedbye-bookswiththedevelopmentofelectronictechnology.IsItFarewelltothePrintedBook?WhenStevenKingpublishedhisbookRidingtheBulletinMarch,2000,aroundtwomillionpeopledownloadeditfromtheInternetwithinhours.Itwasthefirsttimethatanelectronicbookhadmadeahit,anditproducedagreatimpactonthepublishingindustry.Anelectronicbook,ore-book,issimplyaversionofabookthatallowsyoutostoreanddisplayitdigitally.T.E-booktechnologyallowsyoutocarryaroundawholelibraryinasmallunit.Youcanalsohighlightawordtobringupitsdefinitionsothatyoucanfindthemeaningsofindividualwordseasilyandyoucanenlargethewordsizeifyouhavepooreyesight.Infact,e-bookreadersarebeingdevelopedforpeoplewhoarevisuallyimpaired.Anotheradvantageisthatitletsyoubuybooksinsegmentsandcarrythemaroundeasily,whichshouldappealtostudents,whoarecarryingheavybagstoschooleveryday.Infact,someuniversitiesareplanningtogivehand-helddevicestoalltheirstudentstohelpthemintheirstudies.Despiteallthis,thecurrente-bookreadersareunlikelytoreplaceprintedbookscompletely.Itisnottimetosayfarewelltoprintedbooks,becausepeopleareusedtotheprintedwordandsomepeoplefeeluneasysittinginfrontofthescreen.Forthem,e-booksaremoredifficulttoreadande-bookscannotbeasattractiveastheprintedword.However,Iamconfidentthate-bookswillenjoymoreandmorepopularityamongstudentsandmoreandmorepeoplewillbeattractedbye-bookswiththedevelopmentofelectronictechnology.

3.WealthandHealthWiththedevelopmentofsocietypeopleattachmoreimportancetowealthandhealth.Butwhichismoreimportantwealthorhealth?Differentpeoplehavedifferentopinions.Somepeoplethinkwealthismoreimportant.Theyevensaymoneycannotbringyoueverythingbutwithoutmoneyyoucandonothing.Inordertoaccumulatemoremoneytheycandoanything.Howeverotherpeopleregardhealthismoreimportant.Oncehealthlostitisnousehavingalotofmoney.Everybodywantstoliveahappylife.Sotheytrytheirbesttoearnmoneywhichcanensuretheyleadacomfortablelifebutifhappinessandcomfortareachievedatthecostoftheirhealthhowcantheybehappy?AsfarasIamconcernedIlovewealthbutIvaluehealthmorebecausehealthisthepremiseonwhichpeopledoanything.Withouthealthmoneybecomesuseless.Ithinkeveryoneagreesthatawealthypersonwithoutgoodhealthcannotliveahappylife.Thereforeweshouldkeepfitbyeverypossiblemeans．WealthandHealthWiththedevelopmentofsocietypeopleattachmoreimportancetowealthandhealth.Butwhichismoreimportant,wealthorhealth?Differentpeoplehavedifferentopinions.Somepeoplethinkwealthismoreimportant.Theyevensay,moneycannotbringyoueverything,butwithoutmoney,youcandonothing.Inordertoaccumulatemoremoneytheycandoanything.Howeverotherpeopleregardhealthismoreimportant.Oncehealthlost,itisnousehavingalotofmoney.Everybodywantstoliveahappylife.Sotheytrytheirbesttoearnmoneywhichcanensuretheyleadacomfortablelife,butifhappinessandcomfortareachievedatthecostoftheirhealth,howcantheybehappy?AsfarasIamconcerned,Ilovewealth,butIvaluehealthmore,becausehealthisthepremiseonwhichpeopledoanything.Withouthealthmoneybecomesuseless.Ithink,everyoneagreesthatawealthypersonwithoutgoodhealthcannotliveahappylife.Thereforeweshouldkeepfitbyeverypossiblemeans．解析：寫作指導(dǎo)：

該作文題屬于提綱式作文，是六級典型考題。要求從正反兩個方面展開論述，而且要依據(jù)中文給出的提綱。最后要表明自己的觀點。可分三步寫作。第一段提出誰更重要的問題。第二段寫不同人持不同的觀點。第三段寫自己的看法。寫作這種文章時，有些句子是可以套用的。考生可模仿參考范文上的某些句式。

4.ProsandConsofOnlineShoppingRapiddevelopmentoftheInternetleadstotheriseofonlineshopping.Peoplefirstbrowsethroughthescreentofindwantedarticlesthenpaywithcreditordebitcardsandthegoodsarelaterdeliveredtothem.WebsitessuchaseBayandTaobaohavebecomeburgeoningcompetitorsversusrealstorestakingupaconsiderablemarketshareConvenienceisthemajorattractionaboutonlineshopping.Whileitusuallytakesawholedaytowanderaboutthemallsonlineshoppingprocessiswithinseveralclicksofthemouseathome.Sincetheorderedgoodsaredeliveredtoyourdoorstepsthereisnoneedtolugheavybagshome.Lowerpriceisalsoanadvantage.OnlineStoreshaveloweroverheadsthusreducingthecosts.Asaresultcustomerscanhaverealbargains.Howeveratpresentsecurityofonlineshoppingisstillaconcernforsomepeople.Thereisachanceyoucouldgetrippedoffbythewebsiteorahackercouldworkoutthepasswordofyourcreditcard.Whatismorecustomersonlyseethepicturesonlineandaresometimesdissatisfiedwiththeactualitems.Afterallonlineshoppingisanemergingthingandwebelievetheseproblemscanbesolvedwhenthemarketismoremature.Bythenpeoplecangoshoppingonlinefreeofworry.ProsandConsofOnlineShoppingRapiddevelopmentoftheInternetleadstotheriseofonlineshopping.Peoplefirstbrowsethroughthescreentofindwantedarticles,thenpaywithcreditordebitcards,andthegoodsarelaterdeliveredtothem.WebsitessuchaseBayandTaobaohavebecomeburgeoningcompetitorsversusrealstores,takingupaconsiderablemarketshareConvenienceisthemajorattractionaboutonlineshopping.Whileitusuallytakesawholedaytowanderaboutthemalls,onlineshoppingprocessiswithinseveralclicksofthemouseathome.Sincetheorderedgoodsaredeliveredtoyourdoorsteps,thereisnoneedtolugheavybagshome.Lowerpriceisalsoanadvantage.OnlineStoreshaveloweroverheads,thusreducingthecosts.Asaresult,customerscanhaverealbargains.However,atpresent,securityofonlineshoppingisstillaconcernforsomepeople.Thereisachanceyoucouldgetrippedoffbythewebsite,orahackercouldworkoutthepasswordofyourcreditcard.Whatismore,customersonlyseethepicturesonline,andaresometimesdissatisfiedwiththeactualitems.Afterall,onlineshoppingisanemergingthing,andwebelievetheseproblemscanbesolvedwhenthemarketismoremature.Bythen,peoplecangoshoppingonlinefreeofworry.解析：寫作提示：網(wǎng)上購物是近年來一種新興的并且比較流行的購物方式，大學(xué)生一般應(yīng)該有一定的了解。命題為“ProsandConsof...”，即要求正反兩方面的論點不僅都要涉及，而且內(nèi)容上需要保持平衡。本題中，第一段其實是關(guān)于網(wǎng)上購物流程的說明，可以按照流程步驟來寫。第二段和第三段為議論的中心部分。優(yōu)點可以從方便、省錢方面來寫，而從目前來看，網(wǎng)上購物的缺點主要是安全方面的漏洞。

5.OnFakeCommoditiesWhatarefakecommodities?Theyareproductswithfamousbrandsorgoodnamesbutpoorqualitiesorevenperniciousness;therearemanyoftheminourmarket.IfyouarecarelessyouwillbuythemwitOnFakeCommoditiesWhatarefakecommodities?Theyareproductswithfamousbrandsorgoodnamesbutpoorqualitiesorevenperniciousness;therearemanyoftheminourmarket.Ifyouarecareless,youwillbuythemwit

6.ENTHUSIASMFORSPORTSModernsportsarebecomingmorespectator-orientedthanparticipantoriented.JustthinkofmillionsandmillionsofpeoplewhospendcountlesshoursbeforeTVsetswatchingsportsofallsorts:OlympicGamesWorldSeriesGamesandtheWorldCupSoccerGames.Accordingtoasurveysportshavethegreatestnumberofviewers(78%)amongvarioustelevisedevents.Whenanimportantfootballmatchistelevisedlivethestreetsofabigcityareoftenleftdeserted.Evenifitmakesspectatorsdog-tiredthenextdaytheycannottearthemselvesawayfromthescreen.Theyareeagertoknowforsurethefinalscores."Truethescoreswillbeavailableinthemorningpaper"saysafootballfan"butthat'snotthesamething:what'sgoingonhere!"ApassionforsportstakespossessionofthousandsofpeoplewhogotostadiumswatchgamesonTVorlistentobroadcasts.Oneoftheprimarycausesperhapsisthatsportscanprovidealternativeoutletsforemotionsandalternativesourcesofsatisfaction.Modernscienceandtechnologyhasreducedmostofworkandlifetoaroutine.Thereisnovarietynorchallengenorrisk.Everythingispredictableandcontrollable.Amongtheactivitiesthroughwhichpeopleseekreleasefromtheircolorlessexistenceorpent-upemotionssportsofferthepurestformofescapeandhealthiestoutlet.Sportscanobliterateawarenessofeverydayrealitydischargethetensionsofadayatworksatisfythestarvedneedforfreefantasyandaggressiveurgeandliftonetoamomentofintenseexcitementandexhilaration.Enthusiasmforsportsalsoreflectsthepublic"feeling."Formostpeopleitrepresentsacommonbackgroundasharedinterest.Ithasabindingpowerthattranscendssocialclassesandpoliticalviews.Strangersmaysharenothinginthewayofreligioneducationandpoliticsbutthesharedinterestinsportsisstrongenoughforthemtogetalongandevenbecomefriends.Sportsgivepeopletheopportunitytobecomeapartofacommunity.Justbecauseofthenatureofsportitselfandofhumanbeingssportscanalwaysinciteinthemapassionateenthusiasm.ENTHUSIASMFORSPORTSModernsportsarebecomingmorespectator-orientedthanparticipantoriented.JustthinkofmillionsandmillionsofpeoplewhospendcountlesshoursbeforeTVsetswatchingsportsofallsorts:OlympicGames,WorldSeriesGamesandtheWorldCupSoccerGames.Accordingtoasurvey,sportshavethegreatestnumberofviewers(78%)amongvarioustelevisedevents.Whenanimportantfootballmatchistelevisedlive,thestreetsofabigcityareoftenleftdeserted.Evenifitmakesspectatorsdog-tiredthenextday,theycannottearthemselvesawayfromthescreen.Theyareeagertoknowforsurethefinalscores."True,thescoreswillbeavailableinthemorningpaper,"saysafootballfan,"butthat'snotthesamething:what'sgoingonhere!"Apassionforsportstakespossessionofthousandsofpeoplewhogotostadiums,watchgamesonTVorlistentobroadcasts.Oneoftheprimarycausesperhapsisthatsportscanprovidealternativeoutletsforemotionsandalternativesourcesofsatisfaction.Modernscienceandtechnologyhasreducedmostofworkandlifetoaroutine.Thereisnovariety,norchallenge,norrisk.Everythingispredictableandcontrollable.Amongtheactivitiesthroughwhichpeopleseekreleasefromtheircolorlessexistenceorpent-upemotions,sportsofferthepurestform.ofescapeandhealthiestoutlet.Sportscanobliterateawarenessofeverydayreality,dischargethetensionsofadayatwork,satisfythestarvedneedforfreefantasyandaggressiveurge,andliftonetoamomentofintenseexcitementandexhilaration.Enthusiasmforsportsalsoreflectsthepublic"feeling."Formostpeopleitrepresentsacommonbackground,asharedinterest.Ithasabindingpowerthattranscendssocialclassesandpoliticalviews.Strangersmaysharenothinginthewayofreligion,educationandpolitics,butthesharedinterestinsportsisstrongenoughforthemtogetalongandevenbecomefriends.Sportsgivepeopletheopportunitytobecomeapartofacommunity.Justbecauseofthenatureofsportitselfandofhumanbeings,sportscanalwaysinciteinthemapassionateenthusiasm.

7.CompetitionandCooperationCompetitionisacommonphenomenoninoursociallife.Wecompetewhenweplaygames;wetrytodobetterthanothersinourstudyandthereisconstantcompetitionforjobscustomersmoneyandsoforth.Wecansaytosomeextentcompetitionisoneofthemotiveforcesofthedevelopmentofsociety.Wecanalsofindcompetitionandcooperationatthesametime.Takeabaseballgameforexample.Oneteamiscompetingagainsttheother.Alltheplayerswanttotrytheirbesttodefeattheiropponentsandwinthegamebutthesingle-handedeffortofoneplayerislimitedandeachmemberoftheteamhastocooperatewithhisorherteammates.Inmostcaseswecannotwininthecompetitionwithoutcoopera