高二英語人教版必修八講義UNIT1SECTIONⅣ

Ⅰ.Matchthefollowingdiarieswiththeirmainideas.①Diary1A．DrivingaroundSanFranciscoespeciallyChinatown.②Diary2B．Sayingsomethingaboutthecablecarandfishermen.③Diary3C．AboutAngel答案：①～③BACⅡ.Choosethebestanswersaccordingtothetext.1．Whydidn'tGeorgefeellikedoinganythingelseonJune12th?A．Becauseheatelunchlate.B．Becausehespenttoomuchtimeonacablecar.C．BecausehetravelledtomanyplacesinFisherman'sWharf.D．Becausehesawaterribleaccident.2．GeorgewenttoAngelA．bus B．cablecarC．ferry D．car3．YoucanvisitsomeplacesinChinatownEXCEPTthe________.A．temples B．GoldenGateC．restaurants D．galleriesandamuseum4．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A．Georgewenttobedearlyonthefirstnight.B．Heatehislunchatthehotelonthefirstday.C．Horse-drawntramsusedtobedangerous.D．Georgetookarideonacablecar.答案：1～4CCBBⅠ.單詞拼寫1．Hisspeechstressedtheimportanceofeducationalreform()．2．Thereisagreatdealofevidenceindicating(示意)thatlisteningtosoftmusiccanreducestress.3．Ifailedtograsp(領(lǐng)悟；把握)themainpointsofhisspeech.4．It'scheaperforyoutohire(租用)aflatwhenyoustayinEurope.5．Ifyouinsert(插入)amentintoapieceofwritingoraspeech,youincludeit.6．Anyonewhogoesabroadwillacceptsecuritycheckatthecustoms(海關(guān))．7．Aluggage(行李)officeisaplacewherebagscanbeleftforashorttime,especiallyatarailwaystation.8．Ihavenojoband_nowhere(無處)tolive.Ⅱ.拓展詞匯1．a(chǎn)pparentadj.顯而易見的；明顯的；外表上的→apparentlyadv.明顯地；顯而易見地2．a(chǎn)pplicantn．申請人→applyv．申請；應(yīng)用→applicationn．申請；應(yīng)用3．punishmentn．處分；懲處→punishvt.處分；懲處4．conductv．指揮；實施→conductorn．售票員；列車員；(樂隊)指揮[巧記單詞]例詞規(guī)律派生詞apparentlyadj.＋-ly→adv.punishmentv.＋-ment→n.conductorv.＋-or→n.Ⅲ.補全短語1．backtoback背靠背2．teamupwith與……合作或一起工作3．markout用線畫出范圍；標出……界線4．takein包括；汲取5．a(chǎn)great/goodmany很多；很多6．a(chǎn)pplyfor申請；請示得到1．[教材原句]Builtin1873,thecablecarsystemwasinventedbyAndrewHallidie,whowantedtofindabetterformoftransportthanhorse-drawntrams.纜車系統(tǒng)建于1873年，是由安德魯·哈利迪創(chuàng)造的，他試圖找到一種比馬拉軌道車更好的交通方式。[句型點撥]過去分詞短語作狀語。[佳句賞析]Notimpressedwiththequalityofyourgoods,Iwillcertainlynotadviseotherstobuythem.對你們產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量印象不佳，我當然不會建議其他人購置。2．[教材原句]Ithasblueandwhitesignswithseagullsonthemtoshowthewaytogo.車身上有藍白相間的標記，上面有海鷗以表示要去的路線。[句型點撥]with復合結(jié)構(gòu)：with＋賓語＋賓語補足語，在句中作定語。[佳句賞析]Shesawasmallriverwithgreengrassandredflowersonbothsides.她看到一條小河，兩岸長滿了紅花綠草。3．[教材原句]In1940thecivilauthoritiesreformedthesystemsothatmanymoreChinesepeoplewereabletograsptheopportunityofsettlingintheUSA.1940年民政部門了制度，使得更多的中國人能夠得到時機定居。[句型點撥]句中sothat引導結(jié)果狀語從句，表示“因此，以至于〞，主句和從句是因果關(guān)系。sothat也可引導目的狀語從句。[佳句賞析](2015·全國卷Ⅱ總分值作文)Ifyouareinterested,pleasesignupattheofficebefore5：00pmnextThursdaysothatwewillmakenecessaryarrangements.你假設(shè)感愛好，請在下周四下午5點前到辦公室簽名，以便于我們做些必要的支配。eq\a\vs4\al([課文對譯])GEORGE'SDIARY12TH－14THJUNEMonday12th,JuneArrivedearlythismorningbybus.Wentstraighttohoteltodropmyluggage,showerandshave.Thenwentexploring.Firstthingwasarideonacablecar.FromtopofthehillgotaspectacularviewofSanFranciscoHadalatelunchatFisherman'sWharf.ThisisthedistrictwhereItalianfishermenfirstcametoSanFranciscointhelate19thcenturyandbeganthefishingindustry.Nowit'satouristareawithlotsofshops,seafoodrestaurantsandbakeries.It'salsotheplacetocatchtheferrytoAngelDidsomuchexploringatFisherman'sWharf.Amexhaustedanddon'tfeellikedoinganythingelse.Earlybedtonight!Tuesday13th,JuneTeamedupwithacouplefrommyhotel(PeterandTerri)andhiredacar.Spentalldaydrivingaroundthecity.There'safascinatingdrivemarkedoutfortourists.Ithasblueandwhitesignswithseagullsonthemtoshowthewaytogo.It'sa79kmround-tripthattakesinallthefamoustouristspots.Stoppedmanytimestoadmiretheviewofthecityfromdifferentanglesandtakephotographs.Nowhaveareallygoodideaofwhatthecity'slike.Inevening,wenttoChinatownwithPeterandTerri.Chineseimmigrantssettledinthisareainthe1850s.ThefrontsofthebuildingsaredecoratedtolooklikeoldbuildingsinsouthernChina.Sawsomeinterestingtempleshere,anumberofmarketsandagreatmanyrestaurants.Alsoartgalleriesandamuseumcontainingdocuments,photographsandallsortsofobjectsaboutthehistoryofChineseimmigration,butitisclosedintheevening.Willgobackduringtheday.Hadadeliciousmealandthenwalkeddownthehilltoourhotel.Wednesday14th,JuneInmorning,tookferrytoAngelIslandfromtheportinSanFranciscoBay.OnthewayhadagoodviewoftheGoldenGateBridge.From1882to1940AngelIslandwasafamousimmigrationstationwheremanyChinesepeopleappliedforrighttoliveinUSA.Thecellsinthestationwereverysmall,coldanddamp;somedidnotevenhavelightbuttheimmigrantshadnowhereelsetogo.Theirmiserablestayseemedtobepunishmentratherthanjusticeandfreedomtothem.Theywrotepoemsonthewallsabouttheirlonelinessandmournedtheirformerlifein喬治的日記(6月12日～14日)6月12日星期一早晨乘公共汽車抵達，直赴旅館，放下行李，洗澡、刮臉，即去觀光。先是乘纜車，在山頂覽勝，觀看舊金山灣及整個城市。纜車系統(tǒng)建于1873年，是由安德魯·哈利迪創(chuàng)造的，他試圖找到一種比馬拉軌道車更好的交通方式。他曾經(jīng)看到過一次可怕的交通事故：由于一輛馬拉軌道車剎車失靈，駕車者對局面失去掌握，車子和馬一起從山上滑了下去，很明顯這讓他受到了極大的震動。午餐是在漁人碼頭吃的，吃得很晚。意大利漁民于19世紀末首先來到舊金山，并且在這兒開頭了捕漁業(yè)。如今這兒是一個旅游區(qū)了，有很多商店、海鮮館和面包房。這兒也是乘渡船去天使島和海灣其他地方的渡口。在漁人碼頭看了這么多東西，我精疲力竭，什么也不想干了。今晚要早點睡覺！6月13日星期二同旅館里的一對夫妻(彼得和泰莉)合伙租了一輛小汽車，一成天驅(qū)車巡游城市。有一條專為游客選定的好玩的駕車游路線。車身上有藍白兩色相間的標記，上面有海鷗以表示要去的路線。這是一次來回79千米的旅行，它涵蓋了全部聞名的旅游景點。途中屢次停車，以便從不同角度觀賞城市風景并攝影?，F(xiàn)在對城市的面貌有了一個很好的了解。晚上，跟彼得和泰莉一起去唐人街。中國移民于19世紀50年月定居在這個地區(qū)。建筑物前面裝飾得就像中國南部地區(qū)的古建筑一樣。在這兒看到了一些好玩的寺廟、不少的集貿(mào)市場和大量的餐館，還有美術(shù)館里有關(guān)于中國移民史的文件、照片和各種各樣的物品，但是晚上關(guān)門了。準備白天再來。吃了一頓可口的飯菜，然后步行下山回到旅館。6月14日星期三早晨，從舊金山灣的港口乘輪渡去天使島，路上觀賞了金門大橋。從1882年至1940年，天使島成為一個聞名的移民站，很多中國人在那兒申請居住權(quán)。移民站的房間又小又冷又潮濕，一些房間甚至沒有光，但是移民們沒有其他去處。凄慘的境遇對他們來說好像是一種懲處而談不上公正和自由。他們在墻上寫詩，抒發(fā)孤獨的情感，悼念以前在中國的生活。1940年民政部門了制度，使得更多的中國人能夠得到時機定居。這引起我的感慨，使我對今日的生活感到欣慰。1．Yes.Itdidn'toccurtomethat...(P5)是的。當時我沒有想起……★occur(occurred;occurred;occurring)vi.發(fā)生；想到；消失①(2017·江蘇高考)AgreatdeclineinyoungworkforceislikelytooccurinChina,forinstance.例如，青壯勞力的急劇下降也有可能發(fā)生在中國。sth.occurstosb.某人突然想起某事Itoccurstosb.that...某人突然想起……Itoccurstosb.todosth.某人想到要做某事②Itneveroccurred_to_me_thatyoucouldsucceedinpersuadinghimtochangehismind.我從未想過你會勝利地說服他轉(zhuǎn)變辦法。③Itneveroccurredtoherto_ask(ask)anyonewhenshewasintrouble.當她遇到困難時從未想到問問他人。[拓展]“突然想起……〞的表達薈萃：主語句型想到的事情作主語或it作形式主語Sth.strikessb.Sth.estosb.Itstrikessb.that-clauseIthitssb.that-clause人Sb.esupwithanidea/athought[辨析]occur“發(fā)生，想到，突然想起〞，不與suddenly連用，相當于happentakeplace“發(fā)生，進行，舉辦〞，一般指非偶然性大事的“發(fā)生〞eabout“發(fā)生，產(chǎn)生〞，多指事情已經(jīng)發(fā)生了，但還不知道為什么，常用于疑問句和否認句breakout“發(fā)生，爆發(fā)〞，常指戰(zhàn)斗、災難、疾病等大事的發(fā)生選用以上詞語填空④Afireoccurredwhentheworkersoperatedthemachineinawrongway.⑤Canyoutellmehowtheaccidentcame_about?⑥Theirweddingwilltake_placeonChristmasDayinSt.Peter'sChurch.⑦Mydeskmatewasupset.Doyouknowwhathappenedtohim?2．Trytousetheexpressionsabovetoindicatethatyouarelisteningcarefullytoyourpartner.(P7)盡量用上面的詞語來說明你是在認真聽你的伙伴講話?！飅ndicatevt.指出；標出；說明；示意①Thelastfiguressofarthisyearindicateariseof13.8%.今年到目前為止的最新數(shù)據(jù)顯示增長了13.8%。(1)indicatesth.tosb.向某人指出某事indicatethat...說明，示意……as...indicate(s)正如……所示(2)indicationn.跡象；顯示；說明②TheoldmanpattedthesofatoindicatethatIshouldjoinhim.老人拍拍沙發(fā)，示意我和他坐在一起。③Justas_the_story_indicates,_wherethereislife,thereishope.正如這個故事所示意，留得青山在，不怕沒柴燒。3．Teamedupwithacouplefrommyhotel(PeterandTerri)andhiredacar.(P8)同旅館里的一對夫妻(彼得和泰莉)合伙租了一輛小汽車?！飔eamupwith...與……合作或一起工作①It'sapleasuretoteamupwithsuchexcellentworkers.和這樣精彩的工人一起工作真開心。teamup搭配；合作teamuptodosth.一起做某事on...team在……隊中，成為……的隊員②Theyteamedupto_decorate(decorate)thegymfortheparty.他們一起合作，為聯(lián)誼會布置體育館。③Ishegoingtobeon_the_school_teamthisyear?他今年會在該校隊打球嗎？[聯(lián)想]請完成下面“動詞＋upwith〞短語。①keepupwith跟上；與……同步②catchupwith趕上③putupwith忍受；容忍④makeupwith與……和好⑤endupwith以……結(jié)束⑥eupwith提出4．There'safascinatingdrivemarkedoutfortourists.(P8)有一條專為旅游者選定的好玩的駕車游路線?！飉arkout用線畫出范圍；標出……界線①Indoingmyreading,IoftenmarkoutwhatIregardasimportantinabook.讀書的時候，我常在書上把我認為重要的局部標出來。markAwithB＝markBonA用B在A上做記號bemarkedwith...被做上……的標記makeamark做記號②Everypupil'scoatmustbe_marked_withhisname.每個同學的外衣上必需標明自己的名字。③Foreverynegativestatementyoutakein,make_a_markonyourpaper.當頭腦中一消失消極思維，在紙張上做一個記號。5．It'sa79kmround-tripthattakesinallthefamoustouristspots.(P8)這是一次來回79公里的旅行，它涵蓋了全部聞名的景點?！飔akein包括；汲取；理解；哄騙；收留寫出以下句中takein的含義①Thisisthetotalcostoftheholiday,takingeverythingin.包括②Generallyspeaking,theoldandthechildrenaremoreeasilytakenin.哄騙③Ifounditeasytotakeinwhattheteacherhadtaught.理解④Hewashomeless,sowetookhimin.收留takeoff起飛；匆忙離去；脫下；大獲勝利takeon呈現(xiàn)；雇用takeover接收，接管；取代takeapart使分開，拆開takeaway解除，消退takeback收回，退回⑤Inthepastfewyears,thevillagehas_taken_onanewlook.在過去的幾年，這個村莊呈現(xiàn)出了新面貌。⑥HewilltakeovermyjobwhileIamonholiday.我度假時，他將接替我的工作。6．Sawsomeinterestingtempleshere,anumberofmarketsandagreatmanyrestaurants.(P8)在這兒看到了一些好玩的寺廟，很多的集貿(mào)市場和很多餐館?！颽great/goodmany很多；很多①Thereareagreat/goodmanybooksinthereadingroom.閱覽室里有大量的書籍。[點津]當agreat/goodmany修飾代詞，或修飾的名詞前有the,these,those,my,your等限定詞時，agreat/goodmany后需加介詞of。②A_great_many_ofthenewindustrialworkerscamefromthecountryside.很多新興產(chǎn)業(yè)的工人來自農(nóng)村。[聯(lián)想]“很多；大量〞表達法：(1)eq\b\lc\{\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(agood/greatmany,alarge/great/goodnumberof,quiteafew))＋eq\a\vs4\al(可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)作主語時，謂語動詞用復數(shù))(2)manya/an＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)(作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù))(3)eq\b\lc\{\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(agreat/gooddealof,agreat/largeamountof,quitealittle))＋eq\a\vs4\al(不行數(shù)名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù))(4)eq\b\lc\{\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(①alotof＝lotsof,②plentyof,③alargequantityof,④largequantitiesof))＋可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)/不行數(shù)名詞(作主語時，①②項的謂語動詞的單復數(shù)常依據(jù)of后的名詞確定；③④項謂語動詞常依據(jù)quantity確定)③Largequantitiesofwaterare_needed(need)forcoolingpurpose,whichweallknow.＝ALargequantityofwateris_needed(need)forcoolingpurpose,whichweallknow.冷卻要用大量的水，這一點大家都知道。7．From1882to1940AngelIslandwasafamousimmigrationstationwheremanyChinesepeopleappliedforrighttoliveinUSA.(P8)從1882年到1940年天使島就成為一個聞名的移民站，很多中國人在那兒申請居住權(quán)?！颽pplyfor申請；請示得到①(2015·重慶高考總分值作文)Learningthatyouareorganizingthisactivitytosharebooksworldwide,Iammorethanhappytoapplyforit.得知你們在組織全球共享書籍活動，我特別愿意申請參與。applyvi.申請；適用vt.應(yīng)用；用心于；涂抹applytodosth.申請做某事applyto適用于；向……申請apply...to...把……運用于……applyoneselfto致力于，用心于②(2015·重慶高考總分值作文)I'mwritingtoapply_to_join_intheactivityyouareorganizing.我寫信的目的是申請參與你們組織的活動。③Hehasapplied_himself_tothistaskwithconsiderableenergy.他為這項任務(wù)傾注了大量的精力。④Hisprojectisconcernedwithapplyingthetechnologytopracticalbusinessproblems.他的工程是將這項技術(shù)應(yīng)用于實際的商務(wù)問題。8．In1940thecivilauthoritiesreformedthesystemsothatmanymoreChinesepeoplewereabletograsptheopportunityofsettlingintheUSA.(P8)在1940年，民政部門了制度，使得更多的中國人能夠得到在定居的時機?！锞渲衧othat引導結(jié)果狀語從句，表示“因此，以至于〞，主句和從句是因果關(guān)系。sothat也可引導目的狀語從句，與inorderthat同義，表示“為了，以便，使能夠〞。①Thebusbrokedown,sothatwehadtowalk.公共汽車消失了故障，因此我們不得不步行。②Hewastoolatefortheexamsothattheteacherdidn'tlethimin.他到考場太晚了，所以老師沒讓他進去。(結(jié)果狀語從句)(1)so＋形容詞或副詞＋that從句so＋形容詞＋a/an＋單數(shù)名詞＋that從句somany/few＋可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)＋that從句somuch/little＋不行數(shù)名詞＋that從句(2)such＋a/an＋形容詞＋單數(shù)名詞＋that從句such＋形容詞＋復數(shù)名詞或不行數(shù)名詞＋that從句③Hewassointerestedinthepaintingthathecouldn'tgethiseyesmovedoffit.他對這幅畫極其感愛好，目不轉(zhuǎn)睛地看著它。④Heissuch_a_promising_boythathisparentsexpecthighstandardsfromhim.＝Heisso_promising_a_boythathisparentsexpecthighstandardsfromhim.他是一個特別有前途的男孩，他父母對他期望很高。⑤Therewassomuchsnowontheroadthatthecarscouldn'tmovefast.路上雪太多，汽車難以跑快。⑥ItissuchgoodweatherthatIwouldliketohaveawalk.天氣很好，我想去散漫步?????。[點津]在so/such...that...結(jié)構(gòu)中，so/such...位于句首時，主句要倒裝。⑦Sotouchingwas_the_moviethateveryonewasmovedtotears.那部電影如此感人，全部人都感動得流淚了?！飃raspvt.&n．抓住；抓緊；把握；領(lǐng)悟⑧Shegraspedtheletterandheldittoherbreast.她急迫地抓住信把它舉在胸前。(1)grasptheopportunity/chance(of...)抓住(……的)時機graspsb.bytheshoulders/arm/hand抓住某人的肩膀/胳膊/手(2)haveagood/poorgraspof...對……理解得很好/差⑨Thechildgraspedhismotherfirmlyby_the_arm.這個孩子緊緊地抓著媽媽的胳膊。⑩Shehas_a_good_grasp_oftheEnglishlanguage.她精通英語這門語言。Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Heapparently(apparent)misunderstoodmywords.2．IsentAlextobedearlyasapunishment(punish)forbreakingthewindow.3．Somepeoplefindtheideaofrelativitydifficultto_grasp(grasp)．4．Asthesalarieswerelow,therewerefewapplicants_(apply)forthejob.5．Hegavenoindication(indicate)ofhisownfeelingsatall.6．ItsuddenlyoccurredtohimthathisparentsshouldhavearrivedinBeijingbythistime.7．Thereare(be)agoodmanyjournalistsinthehallofBeijingRosedaleHotel.Ⅱ.完成句子1．It_didn't_occur_to_methattherecouldbehouseholdsinthisremotemountain.我沒想到在這深山老林之中還有人家居住。2．Shetookoutamapandindicated_the_quickest_route_to_us.她拿出一張地圖，給我們指出最快捷的路線。3．Theyteamed_up_withanothergroupandfinishedthetaskaheadoftime.他們與另一組合作提前完成了任務(wù)。4．Don'tbe_taken_inbyhispromises!不要被他的承諾所哄騙！5．Howmanyjobshad_you_applied_for_beforeyouwereofferedthisone?你在得到這份工作之前申請過多少份工作？6．Maybeyouhavebeentomanyplaces,but_nowhere_else_can_you_findsuchabeautifulplace.你或許去過很多地方，但是你再也找不到比這更美的地方了。Ⅲ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換1．用過去分詞改寫句子①Whenhewasquestionedbythepolice,hebecametenseandtrembledslightly.→Questionedbythepolice,hebecametenseandtrembledslightly.②IfIamgivenenoughtime,I'lldotheworkverywell.→Givenenoughtime,I'lldotheworkverywell.2．將以下句子變?yōu)楹袪钫Z從句的復合句①Exhaustedbythejourney,hesoonfellasleep.→As_he__was_exhausted_by_the_journey,hesoonfellasleep.②Greatlyinspiredbyhim,moreandmoregrass-rootsingersappeared.→Because_they_were_greatly_inspired_by_him,moreandmoregrass-rootsingersappeared.[對應(yīng)同學課下力量提升(三)]Ⅰ.依據(jù)提示寫出單詞的正確形式1．Thereform()hasachievedgoodresults,andtherehasbeenanoticeablechangeinthecountryside.2．Myunclehired(雇用)twopeopletohelphimatharvesttimelastautumn.3．Sheisreadytograsp(抓住)anyopportunitytoexpandthebusiness.4．Hehadhisluggage/baggage(行李)stolenwhilehewassleepinginthebus.5．Seeingthebigcrowdingtowardshim,hestartedtorundownthehill,butslipped(滑倒)．6．What'syourdeepestimpressionontheapplicant(apply)?7．Theygavenoindication(indicate)ofhowtheworkshouldbedone.8．I'mthankful(thank)toknowthatheissafe.9．Noonecanescapepunishment(punish)ifhebreakslaw.10．Apparently(apparent),manyChinesewomenareinterestedinsuchmovies.Ⅱ.選詞填空backtoback，teamupwith，markout，agreatmany，ratherthan，takein，applyfor1．Youhavetoapply_forapassportinadvancebeforegoingabroad.2．Hecantake_ineverythingtheteachersaysinclass.3．Whilehavingdinner,listentosomeenjoyablemusicrather_thanwatchtelevision.4．Afterseeinga_great_manyhomelesspeopleinthestreets,IthoughtIshoulddosomethingforthem.5．Theymarked_outthetenniscourtonthelawnwithwhitepaint.6．Johnpreferredtogointobusinessaloneratherthanteam_up_withanyoneelse.7．Standback_to_backandlet'sseewhoistaller.Ⅲ.完成句子1．Wearelookingforsomeusefulinformationattheaccidentsitesothatwecanlookintothematterfurther.我們正在事故現(xiàn)場查找一些有用信息以便我們能進一步調(diào)查這件事情。2．Ourseatsonthetrainwereback_to_back.我們在火車上的座位是背靠背的。3．Justbeforewegettothegates,heslipped_out_ofthejeepanddisappearedintothecrowd.我們快到門前時，他溜出吉普車，消逝在人群中。4．Alittleboywith_two_of_his_front_teeth_missingranintothehouse.前面缺少兩顆門牙的小男孩跑進了屋子里。5．Born_in_a_poor_family,_Nadiahadonlytwoyearsofschooling.由于誕生于貧寒家庭，納迪亞只上過兩年學。6．Aredskyatnightoftenindicates_fine_weather_the_next_day.夜空呈紅色往往預示其次每天氣晴朗。Ⅳ.完形填空Somepeopleareafraidofstartingacasualconversationwithastrangerbecauseofafearofnothavinganythinginterestingtosay.Fearofrejection(拒絕)isalsoa__1__forkeepingsilent.Smalltalkinaconversationcan__2__asawayofwarmingupandgettingto__3__eachother.Mostpeople,nomatter__4__successfultheyareatwork,willfindtheprocessof__5__smalltalkunfortable,evenpointless(無意義的).__6__，youwillhaveaprettysmallworld__7__yourefusetoletothersin.Startingoffwithacasualmentorquestionwillmakeothers__8__，andevenjustgreetingthemwithasimple“hello〞willoftenbeenough.Onceyouhavemadethefirst__9__，thereisnoturningback.Youneedtokeepthings__10__beforeyoucangracefullysaygoodbye.Thinkaboutwhatyouwouldliketo__11__withanewfriendandthatiswhatyoucanasktheotherpersonabout.Work,family,hobbiesorinterestsaresome__12__pointsofdiscussion.Tokeeptheballrolling,youcanshowthatyouarereally__13__inwhattheyaresaying.Onceyoufindmon__14__ofinterest,thingswilldefinitely__15__offfromthere.Smalltalkcan__16__outtobeapleasantexperience.Theconversation__17__bebriefandcasualwithoutturningintoalongandboringdiscussion.Donotletyourself__18__theconversation.Stopworryingabouthowbigofafoolyoumayappeartobe.Youmay__19__findoutlateronthatyouhavethe__20__ofgettingpeopletoopenuptoyoubyengagingtheminsmalltalk.語篇解讀：本文主要敘述了閑聊在溝通中其實很重要。文章分析了人們可怕閑聊的緣由，并給出了讓閑聊順當進行下去的建議。1．A.right B．reasonC．result D．sign解析：選B依據(jù)“Somepeopleareafraidofstartingacasualconversationwithastrangerbecauseofafearofnothavinganythinginterestingtosay.〞可知，人們由于擔憂沒有好玩的事情說，所以不敢和生疏人閑談。由本句中的also可知，此處講的也是不敢與生疏人閑談而保持緘默的緣由。應(yīng)選B項。2．A.carry B．bringC．mean D．serve解析：選D句意：溝通中的閑談可以起到暖場和開頭相互了解的作用。serveas意為“起……的作用〞。應(yīng)選D項。3．A.know B．studyC．recognise D．help解析：選A句意見上一題解析。know意為“了解〞；study意為“學習〞；recognise意為“認出；認可〞；help意為“關(guān)心〞。依據(jù)句意可知選A項。4．A.what B．whetherC．why D．how解析：選D句意：大局部的人，無論他們在工作上多么勝利，都會發(fā)覺閑談的過程是令人不舒適的，甚至沒有意義。nomatterwhat意為“無論什么〞；nomatterwhether意為“無論是否〞；nomatterwhy意為“無論為什么〞，引導讓步狀語從句，后面不跟形容詞；nomatterhow意為“無論多么〞，后面常跟形容詞或副詞。應(yīng)選D項。5．A.giving B．leavingC．making D．forcing解析：選C句意見上一題解析。makesmalltalk意為“進行閑談〞。應(yīng)選C項。6．A.So B．InsteadC．However D．Besides解析：選C句意：然而，假如你拒絕讓他人進入你的世界，你的世界將會特別小。該句與上文所講內(nèi)容為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)選C項。7．A.unless B．untilC．if D．though解析：選C句意見上一題解析。設(shè)空后的內(nèi)容是設(shè)空前的條件，應(yīng)用if引導條件狀語從句。應(yīng)選C項。8．Afortable B．upsetC．nervous D．satisfied解析：選A依據(jù)設(shè)空后的“andevenjustgreetingthemwithasimple‘hello’willoftenbeenough〞可知，此處指以隨便的評論或問題開頭將會讓別人感到舒適。應(yīng)選A項。9．A.try B．planC．wish D．move解析：選D依據(jù)下文中的“Youneedtokeepthings________beforeyoucangracefullysaygoodbye.〞可知，此處指一旦你邁出了第一步，就得始終連續(xù)下去。應(yīng)選D項。10．A.changing B．risingC．improving D．going解析：選D依據(jù)“beforeyoucangracefullysaygoodbye〞可知，在你可以優(yōu)雅地道別之前，你需要讓談話進行下去。應(yīng)選D項。11．A.play B．shareC．do D．show解析：選B依據(jù)下文中的“Work,family,hobbiesorinterestsaresome________pointsofdiscussion.〞可知，此處是考慮一下你想與一個新伴侶共享什么，那也是你可以詢問別人的東西。應(yīng)選B項。12．A.private B．presentC．important D．general解析：選D句意：工作、家庭、愛好或愛好都是可供爭論的一些通常話題。private意為“私人的〞；present意為“現(xiàn)在的〞；important意為“重要的〞；general意為“通常的〞。應(yīng)選D項。13．A.careful B．surprisedC．interested D．encouraged解析：選C依據(jù)下文中的“Onceyoufindmon________ofinterest,thingswilldefinitely________offfromthere.〞可知為了讓閑聊連續(xù)下去，你可以表現(xiàn)出你對于他們所說的內(nèi)容真的感愛好。careful意為“認真的〞；surprised意為“驚訝的〞；interested意為“感愛好的〞；encouraged意為“受到鼓舞的〞。beinterestedin...為固定搭配，意為“對……感愛好〞，應(yīng)選C項。14．A.ideas B．experiencesC．points D．senses解析：選C句意：一旦你發(fā)覺了彼此愛好的共同點，狀況確定會就此變好。monpoint意為“共同點〞，應(yīng)選C項。15．A.take B．putC．get D．set解析：選A句意見上一題解析。takeoff意為“開頭勝利〞；putoff意為“推遲〞；getoff意為“下車〞；setoff意為“動身〞。應(yīng)選A項。16．Ae B．turnC．find D．figure解析：選B句意：閑談可以成為一次開心的經(jīng)受。turnout意為“結(jié)果是〞，符合語境，應(yīng)選B項。eout意為“消失〞；findout意為“查清晰〞；figureout意為“理解〞。17．A.should B．needC．will D．may解析：選A句意：交談應(yīng)當是簡潔隨便的，不要把它轉(zhuǎn)變成冗長的、枯燥的爭論。依據(jù)下文的祈使句可知此處表示建議。應(yīng)選A項。18．A.start B．pleteC．consider D．control解析：選D結(jié)合上下文可知，此處是作者的建議：不要讓自己掌握談話。start意為“開頭〞；plete意為“完成〞；consider意為“考慮〞；control意為“掌握〞。應(yīng)選D項。19．A.still B．evenC．ever D．a(chǎn)lmost解析：選B句意：你在后來甚至可能會發(fā)覺你有讓他人在閑談中對你敞快樂扉的天賦。even表示加強語氣。應(yīng)選B項。20．A.right B．a(chǎn)dvantageC．talent D．habit解析：選C句意見上一題解析。talent意為“天賦〞，符合語境，應(yīng)選C項。right意為“權(quán)利〞；advantage意為“優(yōu)勢〞；habit意為“習慣〞。Ⅴ.閱讀理解ALikemanyyoungpeoplearoundtheworld,EmmanueldreamedofgettingauniversityeducationintheUnitedStates.The26-year-oldisanundocumentedimmigrant.Thismeanshedoesnothavetheofficialpermissionneededtoenter,livein,orworkintheU．S.EmmanuelcametoAmericafromMexicofiveyearsago,whenhediscoveredthathehadtolearnEnglishandhisdreamwasmuchmoredifficulttoachieve.Themajordifficultyherealizedwasthattherewereveryfewopportunitiesforhimtoreallyreceiveaformaleducation.Federallawsdonotpreventimmigrantsfromgoingtocollege.Butlawsdobanillegalimmigrantsfromreceivinggovernmentfinancialaid.Theaveragecostofafour-yeardegreeatapublicuniversityis＄9,410.Byparison,theaveragecostataprivateuniversityis＄32,405.ManyimmigrantsetotheU．S.withlittlemoney,sotheyusuallycan'taffordtheexpensiveeducation.EmmanuelreadaboutUniversityofthePeoplewhichhasnotuitionfee.Theclassesandteachingmaterialsareallfreeonline.Alltheteachersarevolunteers.Butstudentsmustbeatleast18yearsoldandhavepletedhighschool.Theuniversityjustrequiresstudentstopaya＄50applicationfeewhentheyareadmittedanda＄100testfeewhentheypleteaclass.ShaiReshefisthepresidentofUniversityofthePeople.HewasborninIsrael.Hedecidedtocreateatuition-freeuniversityaftervisitingseveralpoorcountries,wherepeoplehadlimitedhighereducationopportunities.HenotesthatUniversityofthePeopleisamodeltoshowuniversitiesandgovernmentsthattheissuecanbesolved.Highereducationcanbeaffordable,canbehigh-qualityandshouldn'tleaveanyonebehind.Currently,therearemorethan2,500studentsstudyingwiththeUniversityofthePeople.Itonlyprovidesdegreesinputerscienceandbusinessadministration.Theuniversityexpectsthestudentnumbertodoublenextyear.語篇解讀：本文為說明文。伊曼紐爾幻想著在接受高校教育，他從墨西哥非法移民來到了，卻發(fā)覺自己的幻想比想象的更加難以實現(xiàn)，幸運的是他找到了人民高校。1．What'sthebiggestproblemforEmmanuel?A．Hedidn'tunderstandEnglishatall.B．Ittookhimseveralyearstofindajob.C．Itwashardforhimtoreceiveeducation.D．Hemissedhisnativecountryverymuch.解析：選C細節(jié)理解題。由第一段“Themajordifficultyherealizedwasthattherewereveryfewopportunitiesforhimtoreallyreceiveaformaleducation〞可知，最大的困難是像他這樣的非法移民很難有時機在真正接受正規(guī)教育。2．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtoParagraph2?A．It'sagainsttheU．S.lawsforimmigrantstogetacollegeeducation.B．Thecostofpublicuniversitiesishigherthanthatofprivateones.C．Peoplepay＄32,405eachyearforlearningataprivateuniversity.D．TheU．S.governmentdoesn'tofferillegalimmigrantsmoneyhelp.解析：選D細節(jié)理解題。由其次段可知，聯(lián)邦法律未禁止移民上高校，但是法律禁止非法移民獲得政府的財政救濟。3．WhatdoesShaiReshefthinkabouthighereducation?A．ItisdifficultinIsrael.B．Thecostofitneedstobeincreased.C．Itshouldbeaccessibletoeverybody.D．Peopleinpoorcountriesdon'tneedtoreceiveit.解析：選C推理推斷題。由第四段可知，校長沙伊·瑞希夫指出，人民高校是一個典范，向各個高校和政府說明高等教育問題是可以解決的。高等教育是可以負擔得起的、高質(zhì)量的，而且不應(yīng)當拋棄任何人。4．WhatdoweknowabouttheUniversityofthePeople?A．Itisenjoyingagoodmarket.B．Thereareawidevarietyofcourses.C．Studentsneedtopaynothingtostudythere.D．Anybodyovertheageof18willbeaccepted.解析：選A推理推斷題。由最終一段“Theuniversityexpectsthestudentnumbertodoublenextyear〞可知，人民高校估計明年的人數(shù)將翻番，即這個學校很有市場。由第三段可知，C、D兩項錯誤。BThelasttimeIsawhimwas12yearsago.Twelveyearshaspassed,andIstillremembereatingpomegranates(石榴)whilehisthinhandsbedthroughmyhair.Tothisday,Istillrememberstoriesmygrandfatherusedtotellme.AsachildlivinginKorea,mygrandfatherwasmyclosestfriend,themanIspenteverydaywithanddepended