2017-2021北京重點(diǎn)校高一（上）期中英語匯編：社會(huì)文化類閱讀

2017-2021北京重點(diǎn)校高一（上）期中英語匯編

社會(huì)文化類閱讀

一.閱讀理解（共10小題）

1.（2018北京?北京四中高一（上）期中）Mostheroesarenotsuper.Theydon'tappearincomicbooks,ontelevision,

orinmovies.Theyjustdowhattheybelieveneedstobedonetomaketheirworldabetterplace.BikeBatmanisoneof

them.

BikeBatmanisa30-year-oldman*iedengineerwholivesinSeattle,Washington.He'sacyclistwhoalsobuysand

sellsbikesasahobby.

Aboutthreeyearsago,hewaslookingforabikeforhiswife.HefoundoneonCraigslist,awebsitewherepeoplelist

thingstheywanttosell.Asheoftendoes,healsolookedatBikeIndex,apopularwebsitethatallowsuserstoregistertheir

bikesandpostreportswhentheyYetaken.Thebike,whichhewasconsideringpurchasing,clearlymatchedonereported

stolenonBikeIndex.Thenhecalledthepersonwhoclaimedtobethebike*sownerandarrangedtomeethim-supposedly

tocompletethesale.Whenthetwomenmet,BikeBatmantoldthethief,"You'vegottwooptions.Youcanwaituntila

policeofficergetshere,oryoucanjustgetoutofhere."Youcanimaginewhatthethiefdid.

Afterthatfirstsuccess,BikeBatmandevelopedasaferroutine.WhenheseesquestionablebikeadsonCraigslist,he

cross-referencestheimagewithbikesreportedonBikeIndex.Oncehehasconfirmeditwiththeowner,hearrangesameet

-upwiththethiefandwillcalltheSeattlepolicedepartmentsothatofficerscanparticipateintheaction.Inmorethanhalf

ofthe22casesinwhichhehasgotbackandreturnedbikes,thethieveshavebeenarrested.Inonecase,BikeBatmaneven

helpedafamilyrecoverawiderangeofprizedpossessionsthatsuspectshadstolenduringahomeburglary.

Hisnicknamecamefromadiscussionwithapoliceofficerwhosuggestedhebecalled"RobinHood".Sincehewasn't

exactlystealingfromtherichandgivingtothepoor,“Batman"seemedabetterfit.Theideaofasuperheropunishing

criminalsfeelsprettysillytohim,butthemainreasonhecontinueshisworkistokeepupSeattle'sreputationasafriendly

city.

（1）BikeBatmanis.

A.asuperhero

B.awebsitemanager

C.aSeattlecitizen

D.apoliceofficer

（2）WhenBikeBarmandiscoversaquestionablebike,hewillfirst.

A.contacttheownerofthestolenbike

B.lookupthebike'sinformation

C.callthepolicedepartment

D.arrangetomeetthethief

(3)BikeBatmanhelpsfindthelostbikesto.

A.becomefamous

B.helppoorpeople

C.punishbikethieves

D.buildafriendlycity

(4)Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthat.

A.BikeBatmanfeltrelievedtoseethethievesarrested

B.BikeBatmanbeganhisgooddeedsbyaccident

C.thepolicefailedtoperformtheirduties

D.thethievesrefusedtoreturnthebikes

2.(2021北京?北京四中高一(上)期中)Morestudentsthaneverbeforearetakingagap-year(間隔年)before

goingtouniversity.ltusedtobecalledthe"yearoff"betweenschoolanduniversity.Thegap-yearphenomenonoriginated

withthemonthsleftovertoOxbridgeapplicantsbetweenentranceexamsinNovemberandthestartofthenextacademicyear.

Thisyear,25,310studentswhohaveacceptedplacesinhighereducationinstitutionshaveputofftheirentryuntilnext

year,accordingtostatisticsonuniversityentranceprovidedbyUniversityandCollegeAdmissionsService(UCAS).

Thatisarecord14.7%increaseinthenumberofstudentstakingagapyear.TonyHigginsfromUCASsaidthatthestatistics

aregoodnewsforeveryoneinhighereducation,"Studentswhotakeawell-plannedyearoutaremorelikelytobesatisfied

with,andcomplete,theirchosencourse.Studentswhotakeagapyearareoftenmorematureandresponsible,"hesaid.

Butnoteveryoneishappy.OwainJames,thepresidentoftheNationalUnionofStudents(NUS),arguedthatthe

increaseisevidenceofstudenthardship-youngpeoplearebeingforcedintoearningmoneybeforefinishingtheireducation.

"Newstudentsarenowawarethattheyarelikelytoleaveuniversitywithupto￡15,000indebt.ltisnotsurprisingthatmore

andmorestudentsaretakingagapyeartoearnmoneytosupporttheirstudyforthedegree.NUSstatisticsshowthatover40%

ofstudentsareforcedtoworkduringtermtimeandthefigureincreasesto90%duringvacationperiods,“hesaid.

(1)Whatdowelearnaboutthegapyearfromthetext?

A.Itisflexibleinlength.

B.Itisatimeforrelaxation.

C.Itisincreasinglypopular.

D.Itisrequiredbyuniversities.

(2)AccordingtoTonyHiggins,studentstakingagapyear.

A.arebetterpreparedforcollegestudies

B.knowalotmoreabouttheirfuturejobs

C.aremorelikelytoleaveuniversityindebt

D.haveabetterchancetoentertopuniversities

(3)HowdoesOwainJamesfeelaboutthegap-yearphenomenon?

A.He'spuzzled.

B.He'sworried.

C.He'ssurprised.

D.He'sannoyed.

(4)WhatwouldmoststudentsdoontheirvacationaccordingtoNUSstatistics?

A.Attendadditionalcourses.

B.Makeplansfbrthenewterm.

C.Eammoneyfortheireducation.

D.Preparefortheirgraduatestudies.

3.(2021北京?北京四中高一(上)期中)

ForDeafPeople,FaceMaskswithWindowsMeanMoreThanSmiles

Forthelastfewmonths,MichaelConleyhasfeltveryalone.Conleyisadeafman,andhereadslipstounderstandwhat

peoplearesayingtohim.However,peoplehavebeenwearingmaskstohelpslowthespreadofCOVID-19,anewvirus

thatspreadsfrompersontopersonwheninfectedpeoplebreatheoutvirusparticles(顆粒).

Peoplewhoaredeafandhardofhearingcommunicateinmanydifferentways.Somemightlearntoreadlips.Manypeople

alsouseAmericanSignLanguage(ASL).Itisawaytocommunicateusinggesturesandsignsfbrpeoplewhoaredeafand

hardofhearing.

ForbothreadinglipsandASL,beingabletoseesomeone*sfaceandfacialexpressionsiscriticallyimportant.Particularly

forASL,facialexpressionsplayaroleingrammarandwording.

HelpingLipReadersSeeMouthsMove

Conleytoldhisco-worker,ChrisLaZich,abouthissituation.LaZichaskedherfriend,Helton,fbrhelp.IngridHelton

isacostumedesignerwiththeSanDiegoOpera.Shemakesmaskswithplasticwindowsforhearingpeopletowear,making

itpossibleforlipreaderstoseemouthsmove.

Foralongtime,lipreadershavestruggledtounderstandhospitalworkerswhowearmasks.Theproblemhasonlygotworse

duringCOVID-19.Manyinterpretersforthedeafhavenotbeenabletoenterhospitalsbecausetheycouldcatchthevirus.

Morechallengesfordeafpeople

Now,morepeoplearewearingmasksoutsideofhospitals,too.Thiscreatesevenmorechallengesfordeafpeople.When

peoplebeganwearingmasks,Conleyfeltcutofffromtheworld.Sincehecouldnotreadlips,hedidnotknowwhenpeople

werespeakingtohimorwhattheyweresaying.

Conleywasnervoustogotothepharmacyorthegrocerystore.Once,hefeltsonervoustoenterhisfavoriterestaurantthat

hewaitedoutsidefor45minutes.Hedidnotknowwhathewoulddoifamaskedworkeraskedhimquestionsabouthis

order.Luckily,theemployeerecognizedhimandpulleddownhermasktotalktoConley.Conleywasgratefulforheraction.

NoteveryoneknowsConley,though,andwouldnotknowheisdeaf.Hecarriespiecesofpaperwithhimsohecanask

peopletowritewhattheyaresaying.Thisway,otherpeopledon'thavetoremovetheirmask.However,italsomeans

touchingthesamepaper.Touchingcommonsurfacescanspreadgerms.SpreadinggermsriskscontractingCOVID-

19.Becauseofthat,Conleywasrefusedservicemanytimes.

nItmakesyouloseyourconfidence,°saidConley,whohasbeendeafhisentirelife.However,Helton'swindowedmasks

helpedhimgethisindependenceback.Conleyandhisco-worker,ChrisLaZich,triedoutthemasksandhehadnotrouble

readingLaZich'slips.

(1)Wherecanyouprobablyreadthepassage?

A.Inanewspaper.

B.Inadiary.

C.Inaguidebook.

D.Inamedicalreport.

(2)HowdidConleyfeelwhenpeoplebegantowearmasks?

A.Hefeltthesituationcouldn'tbechanged.

B.Hefeltitdifficulttorecognizepeople.

C.Hefeltcutofffromtheworld.

D.Hefeltlonelyandangry.

(3)Whatisthespecialvalueofwindowedmasksfordeafpeople?

A.Tohelpthemmeetotherdeafpeople.

B.TokeepthemsafefromCOVID-19.

C.Tocomfortthememotionally.

D.Tosatisfytheirsocialneeds.

(4)Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebestendingofthepassage?

A.SoonshestartedhercompanycalledHappyLaughMasks.

B.Thewindowedmaskshelpedslowthespreadofthevirus.

C.Throughhermask'swindow,LaZichsmiledathim.

D.Heltonsaidstoreownerslikedthemasksaswell.

4.(2021北京?北京101中學(xué)高一(上)期中)

Cycling

Youneedonlylookataprofessionalcyclisttoappreciatethepotentialeffectsofcyclingonthebody.Butwhataboutthe

mind?It'saquestionthathaslongchallengedanyonewhohaswonderedhowridingabikecanofferwhatfeelsclosetoastate

ofemptyingyourmind.

Dr.JohnRateythinkscyclingincreases"thechemistryinyourbrainthatmakesyoufeelcalm,"butalsothatcarryingout

multipleoperationswhilecyclingcanbeaneffectivetreatment,asshowninaGermanstudyinvolving115children,halfof

whomdidactivitiessuchascyclingthatinvolvedcomplexmovements,whiletherestperformedmorestraightforward

exerciseswiththesameaerobic(有氧的)demands.Bothgroupsdidbetterthantheypreviouslyhadinconcentrationtests,

butthe"complex"groupdidalotbetter.

Therehavebeenotherinterestingfindingstoo.In2003,Dr.JayAlbertsrodeatandembicycle,abicyclebuiltfortworiders

sittingonebehindtheother,acrosstheAmericanstateofOhiowithafriendwhohasParkinson's(帕金森)disease,a

conditionaffectingthenervoussystem.Theideawastoraiseawarenessofthedisease,buttothesurpriseofbothriders,the

patientshowedsignificantimprovements.Dr.JayAlbertsthenscannedthebrainsof26Parkinson'spatientsduringandafteran

eight-weekexerciseprogrammeusingbikes.Halfthepatientswereallowedtorideattheirownpaces,whiletheotherswere

pushedharder.Allpatientsimproved,andthegroupwhichwaspushedhardershowedparticularlysignificantincreasesin

connectivitybetweenareasofintelligenceresponsibleforfunctionssuchaswalkingandpickingthingsup.

Wedon'tknowhowthishappens,butthereismoreevidenceofthelinkbetweenParkinson'sandcycling.Avideoonthe

Internetshowsa58-year-oldmanwithsevereParkinson's.Atfirst,wewatchthepatienttryingtowalk.Hecanbarelystand

andhishandsshakeuncontrollably.Thenweseethemanonabicyclebeingsupportedbyothers.Withapush,he'soff,

cyclingpastcarswithperfectbalance.Doctorsdon'tfullyunderstandthisdiscrepancyeither,butsaythatcyclingmayactas

somesortofactionthathelpedthepatientsbrain.

Thescienceofcyclingisincomplete,butperhapsthemostremarkablethingfortheeverydayrideristhatitcanrequireno

consciousfocusatall.Themindlessnessofcyclingcannotonlymakeushappier,butalsoleaveroomforotherthoughts.On

theseatofmybike,I'vesolvedproblemsatworkandmadelifedecisions,as,I'msure,havecountlessothers.

(1)WhatdoesthestudydescribedinParagraph2suggest?

A.Cyclinghasagoodeffectonphysicalfitness.

B.Thetasksinvolvedincyclingcanbehardforchildren.

C.Lackofexerciselikecyclingcauseslackofconcentration.

D.Cyclingcanimprovetheabilitytofocusattentiononatask.

(2)StudiesofpeoplewithParkinson'sshowthat.

A.cyclingontandembikeshasabettereffectonthedisease

B.cyclingdoesmoregoodifsufferersputmoreeffortintoit

C.noteverypersonwithParkinson'swillbenefitfromcycling

D.socialawarenessismoreimportantforParkinson'ssufferers

(3)Whatdoestheunderlinedpart"thisdiscrepancy"inParagraph4referto?

A.WhysomeonewithParkinson*scancyclebutnotwalk.

B.WhyParkinson'saffectssomepeopleandnotothers.

C.HowcyclingcouldbeincludedintreatmentforParkinson's.

D.HowalinkbetweencyclingandParkinson'swasdiscovered.

(4)What'sthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Theeffectofcyclingisnotyetfullyunderstood.

B.Cyclingisbelievedtobebothcomplexandmindless.

C.Cyclinghasasignificantinfluenceonpeople'smind.

D.Peoplemaybemoreintelligentwiththehelpofcycling.

5.(2021北京?首師大附中高一(上)期中)Thehumanbrainremembersnegativeexperiencesmoreeasilythanpositive

ones.

Ourbrainshavedevelopedinthiswaybecausethreats,likedangerousanimals,haveamoreimmediateeffectonpeople's

survivalcomparedtopositivethingslikefoodorshelter.Asaresult,youclearlyknowwhatmakesyouunhappy,butdoyou

knowwhatmakesyouhappy?

Researchsuggeststhatourlevelofhappinessispartlyshapedbythechoiceswemake.Ifyou'vebeenchasingwealth,fame,

powerandsomematerialthings,youmaybelookingforhappinessinthewrongplaces.Psychologistssuggestthatthe

followinghabitscanmakepeoplehappier.

Peoplewhoowncloserelationshipstendtobehappierthanthosewhodonot.

Thenumberofourfriendsisnotimportant.Whatmattersisthequalityofourrelationships.Relationshipsthatbringhappiness

usuallyconsistofthesharingoffeelings,acceptance,mutual(雙方的)respectandtrust.

Peoplewhoexerciseregularlycanimproveboththeirphysicalandmentalwell-being.Someresearchhasshownthat

exercisecanbeaseffectiveassomemedicineintreatingdepression.

Ifwearesointerestedinanactivity,wemaylosetrackoftime,andwecanbeinastateofflow.Theactivitycouldbe

playingthepiano,surfingtheInternetorplayingagame...Peoplewhoexperienceflowintheirworkorlifetendtobehappier.

Peoplearemorelikelytobehappyiftheyknowwhattheirstrengthsareandcanusethemregularly.Peopleareespecially

happywhentheycansetgoalsandusetheirstrengthstoachievethem.

People,whothinkpositivelybybeinggrateful,mindfulandoptimistic,aremorelikelytobehappy.Beinggratefulmeans

beingthankful.Beingmindfulmeansconsidering,focusingon,andenjoyingtheexperiencesofthepresentmoment.Being

optimisticmeansbeinghopefulaboutthefuture.

(1)WhydoHumanbrainsremembernegativethingsmoreeasily?

A.Becausenegativethingstendtoaffecthumansurvivalimmediately.

B.Becausenegativethingsareeasytoremember.

C.Becausenegativethingsaremuchmoreimportantthanotherthings.

D.Becausenegativethingscanmakepeoplelivemuchhappier.

(2)Accordingtothispassage,inwhichofthefollowingcanpeoplenotfindhappiness?

A.makingfriends

B.doingsports

C.playingtheviolin

D.chasingpower

(3)Inthelastparagraph,whatdoesauthortrytotellus?

A.Weshouldthinkmoreaboutourfuture.

B.Weshouldbepositiveinourlifeandwork.

C.Weshouldfocusoneverythinginourlife.

D.Weshouldonlyenjoythepresentmoment.

(4)Whatdoesthepassagemainlywanttotellus?

A.Whypeoplerememberpositivethingseasily.

B.Whypeopleremembernegativethingseasily.

C.Somehabitsthatmakepeoplehappy.

D.Thehabitsthatpeopleformintheirlife.

6.(2018北京?北京101中學(xué)高一(上)期中)

HowRoomDesignsAffectOurWorkandFeelings

Architects（建筑師）havelonghadthefeelingthattheplacesweliveincanaffectourthoughts,feelingsand

behaviors.Butnowscientistsaregivingthisfeelinganempirical（經(jīng)驗(yàn)的，實(shí)證的）basis.Theyarediscoveringhowto

designspacesthatpromotecreativity,keeppeoplefocused,andleadtorelaxation.

Researchesshowthataspectsofthephysicalenvironmentcaninfluencecreativity.In2007,JoanMeyers-Levyatthe

UniversityofMinnesota,reportedthattheheightofaroom'sceilingaffectshowpeoplethink.Herresearchindicatesthat

higherceilingsencouragepeopletothinkmorefreely,whichmayleadthemtomakemoreabstractconnections.Low

ceilings,ontheotherhand,mayinspireamoredetailedoutlook.

Inadditiontoceilingheight,theviewaffordedbyabuildingmayinfluenceanoccupant'sabilitytoconcentrate.Nancy

WellsandhercolleaguesatCornellUniversityfoundintheirstudythatkidswhoexperiencedthegreatestincreaseingreenness

asaresultofafamilymovemadethemostgainsonastandardtestofattention.

Usingnaturetoimprovefocusofattentionoughttopayoffacademically,anditseemsto,accordingtoastudyledby

C.KennethTanner,headoftheSchoolDesign&PlanningLaboratoryattheUniversityofGeorgia.Tannerandhisteam

foundthatstudentsinclassroomswithunblockedviewsofatleast50feetoutsidethewindowhadhigherscoresontestsof

vocabulary,languageartsandmathsthandidstudentswhoseclassroomsprimarilyoverlookedroadsandparkinglots.

Recentstudyonroomlightingdesignsuggeststhatdim（暗淡的）lighthelpspeopletoloosenup.Ifthatistruegenerally,

keepingthelightlowduringdinneroratpartiescouldincreaserelaxation.ResearchersofHarvardMedicalSchoolalso

discoveredthatfurniturewithroundededgescouldhelpvisitorsrelax.

Sofarscientistshavefocusedmainlyonpublicbuildings."Wehaveaverylimitednumberofstudies,sowe'realmost

lookingattheproblemihroughaslraw（吸管），"architectDavidAllisonsays."Howdoyoutakeanswerstoveryspecific

questionsandmakebroad,generalizeduseofthem?That'swhatwe'reallstrugglingwith.”

（1）WhatdoesJoanMeyers-Levyfocusoninherresearch?

A.Light.

B.Ceilings.

C.Windows.

D.Furniture.

（2）Thepassagetellsusthat.

A.theshapeoffurnituremayaffectpeople'sfeelings

B.lowerceilingsmayhelpimprovestudents*creativity

C.childreninadimclassroommayimprovetheirgrades

D.studentsinroomswithunblockedviewsmayfeelrelaxed

（3）Theunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphprobablymeansthat.

A.theproblemisnotapproachedstepbystep

B.theresearchessofarhavefaultsinthemselves

C.theproblemistoodifficultforresearcherstodetect

D.researchinthisareaisnotenoughtomakegeneralizedpatterns

CP：CentralpointP：PointSp：Sub-point（次要點(diǎn)）C：Conclusion

7.（2018北京?北京101中學(xué)高一（上）期中）Everymanwantshissontobesomewhatofaclone（克?。琻otin

featuresbutinfootsteps.Ashegrowsyoualsoage,andyourambitionsbecomemoreunachievable.Youbegintorealize

thatyourboy,inyourfootsteps,couldprobablyachievewhatyouhopedfor.Butfootstepscanbemuddiedandtheycan

gooffindifferentdirections.

MysonJodyhashatedschoolsincedayoneinkindergarten.Scienceprojectswaiteduntilthelastmoment.Bookreports

weren'twrittenuntilthefinalthreat.

I'vebeenanewspapermanallmyadultlife.Mydaughterisauniversitygraduateworkingtowardhermaster'sdegreein

English.ButJody?Whenheenteredthetenthgradehebecamea"vo-tech'*student（技校學(xué)生）.They'recalled

"motorheads"bytherestofthestudentbody.

Whenasecretaryinmyofficefirstcalledhim"motorhead"，Iwasshocked."Hey,he'sagoodkid,“Iwantedto

say."Andsmart,really.”

Ilearnedlaterthatmotorheadsare,indeed,different.Theyusuallyhavedirtyhandsandweardirtyworkclothes.And

theydon'toftenmakeschoolhonorrolls（光榮榜）.

Butbeingtheparentofamotorheadisitselfanexperienceineducation.Wewholaborincleanshirtsinofficesdon'thave

theabilitiesthatmotorheadshave.IbegantolearnthiswhenIhadmycarcrashed.Thecosttorepairitwasestimatedat$

800."Hey,Icanfixil,"saidJody.Idoubtedit,butlethimgoahead,forIhadnothingtolose.Myson,withother

motorheads,fixedthecar.Theygotparts（零件）fromajunkyard,andabilityfromvo-techclasses.Thecostwas$

25insteadof$800.

Sincethatfirstrepairjob,abrokenair-conditioner,anon-functioningwasherandanon-toastingtoasterhavebeen

fixed.Neighborsandco-workerstrusttheircarrepairstohim.

Thesekidsarehappiestwhendoingrepairs.Theyjokeandlaughandarelivingintheirownrelaxedworld.Andtheir

mindsarebrightdespitetheirdirtyhandsandclothes.

Ihavelearnedalotfrommymotorhead：publishersneedprinters,engineersneedmechanics,andarchitectsneed

builders.Mostimportant,Ihavelearnedthatfathersdon'tneedclonesinfootstepsoranywhereelse.

Mysonmaynevermaketheschoolhonorroll.Buthemademine.

(1)Whatusedtobetheauthor'shopeforhisson?

A.Toavoidbecominghisclone.

B.Tolooklikehiminappearance.

C.Toreachtheauthor'sunachievedgoals.

D.Todevelopinadifferentdirection.

(2)Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthor'schildren?

A.Hisdaughterdoesbetterinschool.

B.Hisdaughterhasgotamaster'sdegree.

C.Hissontriedhardtofinishhomework.

D.Hissoncouldn'twritehisbookreports.

(3)Theauthorlethissonrepairthecarbecausehebelievedthat.

A.hissonhadtheabilitytofixit

B.itwouldsavehimmuchtime

C.othermotorheadswouldcometohelp

D.itwouldn'tcausehimanymoreloss

(4)Whatdidtheauthorrealizeintheend?

A.Itisimportantforonetomakethehonorroll.

B.Itisunwisetoexpectyourchildtofollowyourpath.

C.Architectsplayamoreimportantrolethanbuilders.

D.Motorheadshavegreaterabilitythanofficeworkers.

8.(2018北京?北京101中學(xué)高一(上)期中)WhenJohnwasgrowingup,otherkidsfeltsorryforhim.Hisparents

alwayshadhimweedingthegarden,carryingoutthegarbageanddeliveringnewspapers.ButwhenJohnreachedadulthood,

hewasbetteroffthanhischildhoodplaymates.Hehadmorejobsatisfaction,abettermarriageandwashealthier.Mostof

albhewashappier.Farhappier.

Thesearethefindingsofa40-yearstudythatfollowedthelivesof456teenageboysfromBoston.Thestudyshowedthat

thosewhohadworkedasboysenjoyedhappierandmoreproductivelivesthanthosewhohadnot.*'Boyswhoworkedinthe

homeorcommunitygainedcompetence(能力)andcametofeeltheywereworthwhilemembersofsociety,"saidGeorge

Vaillant,thepsychologist(心理學(xué)家)whomadethediscovery."Andbecausetheyfeltgoodaboutthemselves,others

feltgoodaboutthem.”

Vaillantsstudyfollowedthesemalesingreatdetail.Interviewswererepeatedatages25,31and47.UnderVaillant,

theresearcherscomparedthemen'smental-healthscoreswiththeirboyhood-activityscores.Pointswereawardedforpart

-timejobs,housework,effortinschool,andabilitytodealwithproblems.

Thelinkbetweenwhatthemenhaddoneasboysandhowtheyturnedoutasadultswassurprisinglysharp.Thosewhohad

donethemostboyhoodactivitiesweretwiceaslikelytohavewarmrelationswithawidevarietyofpeople,fivetimesas

likelytobewellpaidand16timeslesslikelytohavebeenunemployed.TheresearchersalsofoundthatIQandfamilysocial

andeconomicclassmadenorealdifferenceinhowtheboysturnedout.

Working-atanyage-isimportant.Childhoodactivitieshelpachilddevelopresponsibility,independence,confidence

andcompetence-theunderpinnings(基石出)ofemotionalhealth.Theyalsohelphimunderstandthatpeoplemustcooperate

andworktowardcommongoals.Themostcompetentadultsarethosewhoknowhowtodothis.Yetworkisntt

everything.AsTolstoyoncesaid,“Onecanlivemagnificentlyinthisworldifoneknowshowtoworkandhowtolove,

toworkforthepersononelovesandtoloveone'swork.”

(1)WhatdoweknowaboutJohn?

A.Hereceivedlittlelovefromhisfamily.

B.Hehadfewchildhoodplaymates.

C.Heenjoyedhiscareerandmarriage.

D.Hewasenviedbyothersinhischildhood.

(2)Vaillant'swordsinParagraph2serveas.

A.adescriptionofpersonalvaluesandsocialvalues

B.ananalysisofhowworkwasrelatedtocompetence

C.anexampleforparents*expectationsoftheirchildren

D.anexplanationwhysomeboysgrewintohappymen

(3)Vaillant'steamgottheirfindingsby.

A.recordingtheboys*effortinschool

B.comparingdifferentsetsofscores

C.evaluatingthemen'smentalhealth

D.measuringthemen'sproblemsolvingability

(4)Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

A.Competentadultsknowmoreaboutlovethanwork.

B.Emotionalhealthisessentialtoawonderfuladultlife.

C.Lovebringsmorejoytopeoplethanworkdoes.

D.Independenceisthekeytoone'ssuccess.

9.(2019北京?北京四中高一(上)期中)

Powerisers

Theabilitytojumptwometersintheairmaynotbesomethingyouhavethoughttoomuchabout.Andmostpeoplehave

neverconsideredrunningat30kilometersanhour.Butjuststopforamomentandthinkabouthowournewproductcould

changeyourlife.

Yourdailyjourneytoyourplaceofworkisprobablyamaddash(沖)forthebus.Thereisnopointintakingyourcar

becausetherearetrafficjams,andanywaythecarparksareprobablyveryexpensiveor,worsestill,full.Hereiswhere

Poweriserscanhelp.Ittakesjustacoupleofminutestoputthemonandthenyouareaway,goingpastothersoreven

jumpingovertheobjectwhichblocksyourway.

Thatisthepracticaluseforourproduct,butthenthereisspoilandexercise.Powerisersaresettobethenextextreme

sportandthekeep-fittools.Youcanimaginethe100meters,thehighjumporbasketballperformedbyathleteswearing

Powerisers.Andwhatbetterwaytobuildyourmusclesandkeepfit?

Ourproductisverysimple.Itispoweredbyasuperlightspring,whichusesthegravitational（重力的）pullfromyour

bodyweightandpushesyouwithsuperhumanstrength.Therehavebeennorecordsofseriousinjuryrelatedtotheuseof

Powerisers,butextremecautionisrecommended.Westronglyadvisethewearingofprotectiveclothing,includingatleast

ahelmet（頭盔）.

Powerisersmakeyoufeelasifyouwerewalkingonthemoon.Nowwemaketwodifferentmodels：Basicand

Professional.TheBasicmodelisdesignedfortheoccasionalusersandcostsaround$500.TheProfessionalmodel,which

isdesignedforcompetitiveuse,hasastrongly-madestructureanddifferentsprings,thoughthatcomesattheincreased

priceof$800.OurPowerisersareguaranteedfor2yearsandwillbereplacedw