名校版高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法詳解 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞的變化規(guī)則

名校版高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法詳解動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞的變化規(guī)則I)規(guī)則動(dòng)詞：1.直接加-ed。如：lack---lacked,open---opened,repeat---repeated.2.結(jié)尾有e的只加-d。如：live---lived,please---pleased,free---freed.3.以“一個(gè)元音字母+一個(gè)輔音字母”結(jié)尾，該音節(jié)又重讀，雙寫(xiě)結(jié)尾輔音，再加-ed。如：stop---stopped,fit---fitted,chat---chatted,control---controlled.4.以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的詞，變y為i，再加-ed。如：try---tried,study---studied.5.以l結(jié)尾的詞其變化規(guī)律等同于其現(xiàn)在分詞的變化規(guī)律。如：travel---travelled\traveled.II）不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞巧記表A．AAA型castcastcast投擲cutcutcut割shutshutshut關(guān)putputput放hurt;hurt;hurt弄傷ridridrid使擺脫bidbidbid出價(jià)、投標(biāo)spitspitspit（spat;spat）吐，唾split;split;split分開(kāi)、分裂hithithit擊中l(wèi)etletlet讓setsetset安置readreadread讀costcostcost值（多少錢）castcastcast投射burstburstburst破裂spread;spread;spread傳播broadcastbroadcast/-edbroadcast/-ed廣播forecastforecast/+edforecast/+ed預(yù)報(bào)B．AAB型beatbeatbeaten打擊C．ABB型a．在原形動(dòng)詞后面加一個(gè)輔音字母d或t構(gòu)成過(guò)去時(shí)，過(guò)去分詞hearheardheard聽(tīng)burnburnt/+edburnt/+ed燃燒learnlearnt(-ed)learnt(-ed)學(xué)meanmeantmeant意思是dreamdreamt/+eddreamt/+ed做夢(mèng)b．把原形動(dòng)詞的最后一個(gè)輔音字母d改成tbuildbuiltbuilt建設(shè)rebuild;rebuilt;rebuilt重建lendlentlent借出spendspentspent度過(guò)，花費(fèi)sendsentsent送，派，遣bendbentbent壓彎、彎曲c．其他digdugdug挖掘strikestruckstruck敲stick;stuck;stuck粘、getgotgot得到winwonwon贏，勝利shine;shone;shone發(fā)光hanghunghung掛【hang;hanged;hanged吊死】swing;swung;swung搖擺findfoundfound找到wind;wound;wound纏繞standstoodstood站bringbroughtbrought帶來(lái)buyboughtbought買fightfoughtfought打仗thinkthoughtthought想seek;sought;sought尋找catchcaughtcaught捉teachtaughttaught教keepkeptkept保持sleepsleptslept睡smellsmeltsmelt聞到sweepsweptswept掃，掃除weep;wept;wept哭泣feelfeltfelt感覺(jué)leaveleftleft離開(kāi)meetmetmet遇見(jiàn)speedspedsped加速bleedbledbled流血holdheldheld抓住，握l(shuí)eadledled領(lǐng)導(dǎo)feedfedfed喂養(yǎng)sitsatsat坐havehadhad有makemademade制造paypaidpaid付款saysaidsaid說(shuō)lay;laid;laid擱置、產(chǎn)卵sellsoldsold賣telltoldtold告訴retell;retold;retold重講、復(fù)述shineshoneshone照耀發(fā)光loselostlost丟失shootshotshot射擊擊中fleefledfled逃跑shoot;shot;shot射擊understandunderstoodunderstood理解misunderstand;misunderstood;misunderstood誤解C．ABA型becomebecamebecome變成comecamecome來(lái)overcome;overcame;overcome克服runranrun跑D．ABC型a．原型動(dòng)詞+n或en構(gòu)成過(guò)去分詞seesawseen看見(jiàn)foreseeforesawforeseen預(yù)報(bào)eatateeaten吃fallfellfallen跌倒givegavegiven給forgive;forgave;forgiven寬恕drivedrovedriven駕駛riseroserisen升起arisearose,arisen出現(xiàn)、發(fā)生shakeshookshaken搖動(dòng)taketooktaken拿undertake;undertook;undertaken承擔(dān)、承諾blowblewblown吹growgrewgrown生長(zhǎng)knowknewknown知道throwthrewthrown投，擲drawdrewdrawn拖，拉withdraw;withdrew;withdrawn撤退sewsewedsewn縫sow;sowed;sown/sowed播種showshowedshown出示mistake;mistook;mistaken;弄錯(cuò)shave;shaved;shaved/shaven刮臉b．過(guò)去時(shí)+n或en構(gòu)成過(guò)去分詞freezefrozefrozen結(jié)冰，凝固breakbrokebroken打破speakspokespoken說(shuō)話bear;bore;borne/born忍受、生育wakewokewoken醒choosechosechosen選擇stealstolestolen偷c．把單詞中重讀音節(jié)的元音字母i改為a（過(guò)去時(shí)）和ubeginbeganbegun開(kāi)始swimswamswum游泳drinkdrankdrunk喝，飲sinksanksunk下沉shrink;shrank;shrunk縮小ringrangrung響（鈴）singsangsung唱d．特殊變化be(am,is)wasbeen是be(are)werebeen是do(dose)diddone做go(goes)wentgone去lielaylain躺【lie;lied;lied撒謊】flyflewflown飛wearworeworn穿戴tear;tore;torn撕爛divedove/diveddived跳水forget;forgot;f