最新托福語(yǔ)法資料基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)法-第二章非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和謂語(yǔ)課件

TOEFL&IELTS長(zhǎng)難句精講第二章非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞2.1非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

3種：動(dòng)詞不定式，動(dòng)詞的分詞和動(dòng)名詞不定式分詞動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)詞原形：study帶to的不定式：tostudy例子：ScottlikedtostudyEnglish.現(xiàn)在分詞：studying；過(guò)去分詞：studied例子：Scottisstudying.例子：Englishshouldbecarefullystudied.例子：Scottenjoysstudying.2.1.1不定式

a.名詞不定式Totakeatriparoundtheworldismydream.Iwanttoseehim.Myplanistoseeher.主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)不定式做主語(yǔ)，可用形式主語(yǔ)It取代

Itismydreamtotakeatriparoundtheworld.名詞不定式：it+賓補(bǔ)+名詞不定式Ithinkitinterestingtohike.Imakeitahabittogetupearly.b.形容詞不定式

形容詞不定式一般采取后位修飾，修飾前面的名詞或代詞Ihavesomehomeworktodo.Ihavenodesiretoarguewithhim.Thereissomethingtodo.注意1：Thereissomethingtodo.Thereissomethingtobedone.

（強(qiáng)調(diào)被動(dòng)的概念）注意2：Myplanistoseemylittlebrother.（既可以看作名詞也可以看作形容詞不定式）c.副詞不定式

Hecame

toseeme.Hesangasongtopleaseher.Heisable

tohandlethistoughmatter.Scottisapt

tolie.Mysonisoldenough

togotoschool.Heistoooldtoswim.修飾動(dòng)詞修飾形容詞修飾副詞2.1.2分詞

現(xiàn)在分詞（V+ing）和過(guò)去分詞（V+ed）助動(dòng)詞+分詞復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)分詞的用法

1.分詞可以作為形容詞用表主動(dòng)/被動(dòng)的概念

表進(jìn)行/完成的概念Theretiringprofessorwalkedintotheclassroom.Theretiredworkertookatripallaroundtheworld.Thismovieisprettyexciting.IwasexcitedwhenIwatchedthemovie.2.分詞可作名詞使用

Thewoundedwererushedintothehospital.

Theunexpectedhashappened.3.分詞可做副詞用Itisfreezingcoldtoday.Theteaisboilinghot.2.1.3動(dòng)名詞

動(dòng)名詞的形態(tài)與現(xiàn)在分詞完全一樣；動(dòng)名詞具有名詞的性質(zhì)，在句中也可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)及表語(yǔ)1.動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)

Playingwithhimisfun.

Seeing

isbelieving.

動(dòng)名詞構(gòu)成的主語(yǔ)一般表示單數(shù)。例如：

Helpingothersgivesmegreatpleasure.2.動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)Seeingisbelieving.Hishobbyiscollectingstamps.注意動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)和現(xiàn)在分詞的區(qū)別：Heisdancing.（表正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作）Hishobbyisdancing.（表示一種狀態(tài)）若“AisB=BisA”，V+ing是動(dòng)名詞，否則即為現(xiàn)在分詞3.動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)Ilikeddancing.Somebodydoesnotenjoysinging.Heisfondoftalkingalot.Hisillnesspreventedusfromstartingourownbusiness.

4.名詞性從句改寫(xiě)成動(dòng)名詞的所有格形式

Thatheteacheswelliswell-known.

Histeachingwelliswell-known.Ibelievethathestudieshard.Ibelievehisstudyinghard.2.2謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

主要由實(shí)義動(dòng)詞充當(dāng)，可單獨(dú)當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)；be動(dòng)詞和某些動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)也可以是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；

助動(dòng)詞，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)Iseeabeautifulgirl.（實(shí)義動(dòng)詞）Sheisprettybeautiful.（系動(dòng)詞）Idolikethisbook.（助動(dòng)詞，復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)）Youshouldfinishyourhomeworktonight.（情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)）

Iseeabeautifulgirl.（原形）Heseesabeautifulgirl.（三單）Isawabeautifulgirl.（過(guò)去式）原形三單過(guò)去式Be+現(xiàn)在分詞=進(jìn)行時(shí)Heis

readingabook.Be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞=被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)Hewas

electedpresident.Have+過(guò)去分詞=完成時(shí)態(tài)Hehaswrittentheletter.Do+not+動(dòng)詞原形=表否定Idonotseehim.Do+動(dòng)詞原形=表強(qiáng)調(diào)Hedidworkhard.課堂練習(xí)Theteachersintheprogramdescribedhowtheyfounditdifficulttoputasidetheimmediatedemandsofothersinordertogivethemselvesthetimetheyneededtodeveloptheirreflectiveskills.Eliminatingthesecrecysurroundingpaybyopenlycommunicatingeveryone'sremuneration,publicizingperformancebonusesandallocatingan