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賓語從句專項訓(xùn)練什么是賓語從句白話版:在復(fù)合句中,充當(dāng)賓語的成分是一個句子,這個句子代替了原來用一個詞表示的賓語,我們稱之為賓語從句。進(jìn)階版:置于動詞、介詞等詞性后面,在句子中起賓語作用的從句叫做賓語從句。具體結(jié)構(gòu)為:主句+引導(dǎo)詞+賓語從句(賓語從句的語序必須是陳述語序)比如:簡單句:We(主語)knew(謂語)

that(賓語).復(fù)合句(賓語從句):Weknewthatweshouldgohome.賓語從句分為三類:動詞的賓語從句,介詞的賓語從句和形容詞的賓語從句。謂語動詞、介詞、動詞不定式,v.-ing形式后面都能帶賓語從句,有些形容詞(afraid,sure,glad等)之后也可以帶賓語從句。賓語從句過"三關(guān)":語序,引導(dǎo)詞,時態(tài)。動詞、介詞、形容詞后的賓語從句1)動詞+賓語從句Weknewthatweshouldgohome.這類動詞一般是及物動詞(vt.),即后面能直接加賓語的動詞,比如:give,tell等。但像"arrive"就不能直接加賓語,如果要加賓語,后面需要加介詞。2)介詞+賓語從句Theyaretalkingaboutwhetheritwillraintomorrow.常見介詞:in,at,on等等。3)形容詞+賓語從句Iamsurethathecancomeontime.后面可以直接加賓語從句的形容詞有:pleased,glad,happy,afraid,surprised,certain,sorry等。

語序

無論主句是陳述句還是疑問句,賓語從句都必須使用陳述語序,即“主句+連接詞(引導(dǎo)詞)+賓語從句(主語+謂語+……)”句式。根據(jù)連接詞在從句中所擔(dān)任的不同成分,可分為以下四種:1)連接詞+謂語。連接詞在從句中作主語。常見的連接詞有:who,what,which等。Couldyoutellmewhoknowstheanswer,please?你能告訴我誰知道答案嗎?Thesmallchildrendon'tknowwhatisintheirstockings.這些小孩子不知道襪子里有什么東西。2)連接詞+名詞+謂語。連接詞在從句中作主語的定語。常見的連接詞有:whose,what,which,howmany,howmuch等。Heaskedwhosehandwritingwasthebestinourclass.他問我們班上誰的書法最好。Theteacheraskedushowmanypeopletherewereintheroom.老師問我們房間里有多少人。3)連接詞+主語+謂語。連接詞在從句中作賓語、狀語或表語。常見的連接詞有:who(m),what,which,howmany,howmuch,when,why,how,where,if/whether(在句中不充當(dāng)任何成分)等。Hehasn'tdecidedifhe'llgoonatriptoWuxi.他還沒決定是否去無錫旅行。CouldyoutellmewhatIshoulddowiththemoney?你能告訴我我如何處理這筆錢嗎?4)連接詞+名詞+主語+謂語。連接詞在從句中作賓語或表語的定語。常見的連接詞有:what,which,howmany,howmuch,how等。Doyouknowwhichclassheisin?你知道他在哪個班嗎?SheaskedmeifIknewwhosepenitwas.她問我是否知道這是誰的鋼筆。引導(dǎo)詞

1)that當(dāng)由陳述句充當(dāng)賓語從句時,用that引導(dǎo),that無詞義,不充當(dāng)句子成分,在口語或非正式文體中常省略。Iexpect(that)theplanewouldbediverted.2)if/whether當(dāng)由一般疑問句充當(dāng)賓語從句時,用if或whether引導(dǎo),意為“是否”,不充當(dāng)句子成分,但不能省略。Idon'tknow

if/whether

hestillliveshereaftersomanyyears.3)特殊疑問詞如果賓語從句原來是特殊疑問句,只需用原來的特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)疑問代詞:what,which,who,whom,whose,whatever...有詞義,充當(dāng)句子成分(主語、賓語、表語和定語;一般充當(dāng)主語或賓語,whose充當(dāng)定語)

We'lldowhateverwecantosavehim.疑問副詞:where(地點),when(時間),how(方式),why(原因)...有詞義,充當(dāng)句子成分(狀語)Heknows

where

theylive.Tellus

how

youaregettingonnow.以上三類總結(jié)起來就是:that:不充當(dāng)成分,無意義,可以省略;If/whether:不充當(dāng)成分,有意義,不可省略;疑問代詞/副詞:充當(dāng)成分,有意義,不可省略。記憶口訣:陳述句用that,一般疑問句if或whether,特殊問句用疑問詞。九種賓語從句不省略that

1)放句首表強(qiáng)調(diào)That

heisagoodperson,weallknow.2)主句的謂語動詞與賓語從句之間有插入語JustthenInoticed,

forthefirsttime,

that

hepreparedtotalktous.3)有間接賓語時Lucytold

me

that

shewouldnotcometoschooltomorrow.4)當(dāng)it作形式賓語時Wehavemade

it

clear

that

wewilllearntodealwithvariousdifficultproblems.5)介詞besides、beyond、but、except、in、save后的賓語從句Themanstoodquitestill,

except

that

hislipsmovedslightly.6)主句中的動詞后有2個或以上的賓語從句,第二個及以后的that不可省Ithink(that)itwillclearupthisafternoonand

that(不可省略)theywillcometotheparty.7)賓語從句本身是一個復(fù)合句Hesaidthatifhecamebackearly,hecouldcomeforthemeeting.8)當(dāng)that從句單獨用來回答問題時-Whatdidhesayatthemeeting?-That

thesituationwasserious.9)在較為正式或不常用的動詞后,如reply,objectHe

replied

that

hebadlymasteredthelanguage.☆注:以上9種情況考察頻率依次遞減if和whether的區(qū)別

if和whether都可譯為"是否",在從句中不作句子成分,二者引導(dǎo)賓語從句時通??梢曰ハ嗵鎿Q,口語中多用if代替whether。1)只能用whether,不能用if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句①當(dāng)賓語從句中,緊接ornot

時,只用whether,否則都可。Letmeknow

whether/if

youcancome

ornot.②當(dāng)賓語從句提到句首時,只能用whether,不能用if。Whether

itistrue,Ican'ttell.③whether可以引導(dǎo)帶to的不定式,而if不行。Idon'tknow

whether

toaccept.④whether可以放在介詞后,做介詞的賓語,而if不可以。Iworry

about

whether

Ihurtherfeelings.⑤若if有歧義,只能用whether。Pleaseletmeknow

whether

youwanttogo.(如果換成if,則可能被誤解為“如果想來,請告訴我“)⑥動詞discuss,decide,

consider,sure等后習(xí)慣上也常用Whether引導(dǎo)從句,不用if。Timeforherto

decide

whether

shewantstocontinuethejourney.⑦引導(dǎo)主語從句和表語從句時宜用whether。Whether

shewillcomeornotisstillaquestion.她是否能來還是個問題。Thequestionis

whether

wecancatchthebus.問題是我們能否趕上公共汽車。2)只能用if,不能用whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句①if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句,意為“如果”Thestudentswillgoonapicnic

ifitissunny.②if引導(dǎo)否定概念的賓語從句時HeaskedifI

didn't

cometoschoolyesterday.③引導(dǎo)狀語從句evenif(即使)和asif(好像)時Hetalks

asif

hehasknownallaboutit.總結(jié):只能用whether,不能用if①當(dāng)賓語從句中,強(qiáng)調(diào)任意選擇出現(xiàn)or或緊接ornot

時,只用whether,不用if;②當(dāng)賓語從句提到句首時,只能用whether,不能用if;③whether可以引導(dǎo)帶to的不定式,而if不行;④whether可以放在介詞后,做介詞的賓語,而if不可以;⑤若if有歧義,只能用whether。⑥動詞discuss,decide,

consider,sure等后習(xí)慣上也常用Whether引導(dǎo)從句,不用if。⑦引導(dǎo)主語從句和表語從句時宜用whether。只能用if,不能用whether①if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句,意為“如果”;②if引導(dǎo)否定概念的賓語從句時;③引導(dǎo)狀語從句evenif(即使)和asif(好像)時。時態(tài)1)主現(xiàn)從不限。(主句是某種現(xiàn)在的時態(tài),從句沒有限制)賓語從句中,如果主句是現(xiàn)在時態(tài)(包括一般現(xiàn)在時,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時,現(xiàn)在完成時),從句的時態(tài)根據(jù)實際情況來定,不受主句限制。Iknowsheliveshere.Iknowshelivedheretenyearsago.2)主過從必過。(客觀真理除外)賓語從句中,如果主句是過去時態(tài)(包括一般過去時,過去進(jìn)行時等),那么從句的時態(tài)一定也是用過去的時態(tài)(包括一般過去時、過去進(jìn)行時等)。Shetoldmethatshewas15lastyear.3)客觀真理永一現(xiàn)。

如果賓語從句講述的是某種客觀真理,這個時候,需要用一般現(xiàn)在時。Shetoldherdaughterthattheearthisround.否定轉(zhuǎn)移1)什么叫賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移?

就是賓語從句表示否定時,將否定詞not轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中

舉例:“我認(rèn)為他不會來”該怎么說呢?

你可能會說:-Ithinkhewillnotcome.但更地道的表述是:-I

don'tthink

hewillcome.

就是那種我不否定你,我只否定我自己的感覺。2)什么時候進(jìn)行否定轉(zhuǎn)移呢?進(jìn)行否定轉(zhuǎn)移通常要滿足三個條件:①主句的主語是第一人稱

I

we②主句的謂語動詞是表示“認(rèn)為”、“相信”、“期望”

等主觀想法的詞常見:think、believe、suppose、expect、imagine、feel③主句時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時I

don'tbelieve

thattheycanaccomplishthetaskinsuchashorttime.We

don'timagine

thattheywilljointhecompetition.賓語從句后置1)什么是賓語從句后置?就是用一個“it”來代替整個賓語,然后將賓語從句的位置移到句末。2)什么情況下會出現(xiàn)賓語從句后置?①“喜、怒、哀、樂”appreciate,enjoy,like,dislike,love,hate,prefer...Wewould

appreciateitif

youcouldsetupourpaymentarrangement.如果你能安排付款,我們會非常感激。②“認(rèn)為、發(fā)現(xiàn)”think,make,find,consider,

feel,

suppose...Hehasn't

madeitknownwhen

heisgoingtogetmarried.他還沒宣布他何時結(jié)婚。Iconsideritwrongtocheatinanexamination.我認(rèn)為考試作弊是錯誤的。③介詞后answerfor,

dependon,

relyon,

insiston,

lookto,

seeto,

stickto...Youcan

dependonitthat

hewillfinishthejobontime.你可以相信他會按時完成這項工作。簡化賓語從句常用六法娃們常會遇到把含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句轉(zhuǎn)化為簡單句,使其與原句意思相同(或相近)的試題。下面就介紹幾種常用的簡化賓語從句的方法:1)當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是hope,decide,wish,choose,agree,promise等,且賓語從句的主語與主句主語一致時,賓語從句可簡化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。LiMinghopeshewillbebackverysoon.→LiMinghopestobebackverysoon.Wedecidedthatwewouldhelphim.→Wedecidedtohelphim.2)當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是know,learn,remember,forget,tell等動詞,且主句主語與從句主語一致時,賓語從句可簡化為“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。Shehasforgottenhowshecanopenthewindow.→Shehasforgottenhowtoopenthewindow.注:當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是tell,ask,show,teach等動詞,且后帶雙賓語,從句主語和間接賓語一致時,賓語從句可簡化為“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothestation?→Couldyoutellmehowtogettothestation?3)當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是order(命令),require(需要)等時,如果主句和從句的主語不一致,賓語從句可簡化為“名詞(代詞)+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。Theheadmasterorderedthatweshouldstartatonce.→Theheadmasterorderedustostartatonce.4)某些動詞后的賓語從句,可以用介詞加動名詞(短語)等其他形式簡化。Heinsistedthatheshouldgowithus.→Heinsistedongoingwithus.Thepoorboydoesn’tknowwhenandwherehewasborn.→Thepoorboydoesn’tknowthetimeandtheplaceofhisbirth.5)某些動詞后面的賓語從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為“賓語+V-ing形式(作賓語補足語)”結(jié)構(gòu)。LiuPingfoundthattherewasawalletlyingontheground.→LiuPingfoundawalletlyingontheground.6)動詞seem后的賓語從句,也可以用不定式(短語)來簡化,但句型需要進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)淖兓?。Itseemedthattheboysweregoingtowin.→Theboysseemedtowin.除上述方法外,還有一些特殊句式的轉(zhuǎn)化。IfoundthatitwasdifficulttolearnEnglishwell.→IfounditdifficulttolearnEnglishwell.Soonwefoundthatthegroundwascoveredwiththicksnow.→Soonwefoundthegroundcoveredwiththicksnow.Theyfoundthattheboxwasveryheavy.→Theyfoundtheboxveryheavy.賓語從句和狀語從句的區(qū)分eg.1)Iwillgoouttomorrow

ifitisfine.

2)Idon’tknow

ifthetrainhasarrived.句1中if引導(dǎo)的是狀語從句。這個從句表示“條件”,修飾主句。整個句子的意思是:如果明天天氣好,我就出去。句2中if引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句,充當(dāng)謂語動詞don'tknow的賓語。整個句子的意思是:我不知道火車是否到達(dá)。判斷方法:1)可以從整個句式看。狀語從句一般可以放在主句的前面或后面(個別除外),賓語從句只能放在主句謂語動詞之后。2)從引導(dǎo)詞看。if充當(dāng)賓語從句的連接詞時,相當(dāng)于whether,詞義為“是否”,充當(dāng)狀語從句的連接詞時,詞義為“如果”。when充當(dāng)賓語從句的連接詞時,意為“什么時候”,充當(dāng)狀語從句的連接詞時,意為“當(dāng)……的時候”。2)從時態(tài)看。if和when作連接詞時,引導(dǎo)賓語從句要注意:從句的謂語動詞的時態(tài)應(yīng)根據(jù)主句的時態(tài)作相應(yīng)的變化。if和when充當(dāng)從屬連詞時,引導(dǎo)條件和時間狀語從句,若主句的謂語動詞用一般將來時,則從句的時態(tài)應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來?!狣oyouknowwhenhewillcomebacktomorrow?你知道他明天什么時候回來嗎?—Sorry,Idon'tknow.Whenhecomesback,I'lltellyou.對不起,不知道。當(dāng)他回來了,我將告訴你?!狪don'tknowifhewillcome.我不知道他是否會來?!狧ewillcomeifitdoesn'train.如果不下雨,他會來的。其他需要說明的問題1)標(biāo)點由主句決定,如主句是陳述句、祈使句,則用句號;是疑問句則用問號。IheardshehadbeentotheGreatWall.

CanyoutellmewhichbusIshouldtake?2)要注意個別句子中主從句人稱的一致。3)賓語從句的附加疑問句。

賓語從句的復(fù)合句在變成反意疑問句時,如果主句的謂語動詞為think,guess,believe,suppose等且主語為第一人稱時,附加部分要由從句決定;如果主句不是think等上述動詞或謂語動詞是這些詞且主語不是第一人稱時,附加部分由主句決定。

Ithinkthat

he

isright,isn't

he?

Idon'tbelieve

he

isastudent,is

he?He

supposesthatshewillcometonight,doesn't

he?

He

neversaidhewasagoodstudent,did

he?做題技巧1)看語序賓語從句的語序都是陳述語序2)看引導(dǎo)詞陳述句--that

一般/選擇/反意疑問句--if或whether

特殊疑問句—復(fù)原疑問代詞或疑問副詞3)看時態(tài)

主現(xiàn)從任

主過從過

從真必現(xiàn)4)看語境(2020北京)—Doyouknow____________?—At9:00tomorrowmorning.A.whenthevideomeetingbeganB.whendidthevideomeetingbeginC.whenthevideomeetingwillbeginD.whenwillthevideomeetingbegin第1步,看語序。排除BD第2步,看引導(dǎo)詞。特殊疑問句--用原來的疑問詞即可第3步,看時態(tài)。主現(xiàn)從任,根據(jù)答語可知是將來的時間故選C(2020重慶A)—Wow!Theschooluniformscantellparents______!—Cool!Sothechildrenwon'tgetlosteasily.

A.wherearetheirchildrenB.wheretheirchildrenare

C.whatdotheirchildrenstudyD.whattheirchildrenstudy第1步,看語序。排除AC第2步,看引導(dǎo)詞。特殊疑問句--用原來的疑問詞即可第3步,看時態(tài)。主現(xiàn)從任,BD都是一般現(xiàn)在時第4步,看語境。Sothechildrenwon'tgetlosteasily.與孩子的位置有關(guān)故選B重難點例題啟發(fā)與方法總結(jié)1.Ihope

itwillsnowthiswinter.

A.when

B.if

C.whether

D./【解析】答案:Dhope后面應(yīng)該接that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句,that在句中沒有任何意義,可以省略。2.—Idon'tknow

Mr.Greenwillcometoseeus.

—HewillhelpuswithourEnglish.

A.why

B.when

C.how

D.where【解析】答案:A從下文的答語看,上文不知道的應(yīng)該是“來看我們的原因”。3.

Ican'tremember

Ihaveseenhimbefore.

A.whether

B.why

C.what

D.how【解析】答案:A本句表達(dá)一種不確定的概念,用whether或if。4.—Doyouknow

?I'mgoingtoseehim.

—Sorry,Idon'tknow.

A.wheredoesMr.Lilive

B.wheredidMr.Lilive

C.whereMr.Lilives

D.whereMr.Lilived【解析】答案:C賓語從句要用陳述語氣,排除A、B兩項。從句意判斷問的是“現(xiàn)在住哪兒?”。5.—Wheredoyouthink

he

thecomputer?

—Sorry,Ihavenoidea.

A./;bought

B.has;bought

C.did;buy

D.does;buy【解析】答案:A(1)think后跟的是一個賓語從句,引導(dǎo)詞that省略了,賓語從句用陳述句語序,B、C、D中的has、did、does放在主語之前,是疑問語序,故排除B、C、D。故選A。(2)doyouthink是插入語,可以把它去掉,分析句意應(yīng)該用應(yīng)用過去時態(tài)和陳述語序。6.Ican'tunderstand

helikescomputergamessomuch.

A.that

B.whether

C.why

D.where【解析】答案:C句意為“我不理解為什么他那么喜歡電腦游戲”。7.(2010北京中考大綱卷)—Doyouknow

theMP3playerlastweek?

—Sorry,Ihavenoidea.

A.howmuchdidshepayfor

B.howmuchwillshepayfor

C.howmuchshepaidfor

D.howmuchshewillpayfor【解析】答案:C賓語從句要用陳述語序,由此排除A、B兩項,由lastweek判斷應(yīng)該用過去時態(tài)。8.(2010北京中考大綱卷)Idon'tknow

tomorrow.Canyoutellme?

A.whenwestarted

B.whendidwestart

C.whenwewillstart

D.whenwillwestart【解析】答案:C由tomorrow判斷,應(yīng)該用將來時態(tài)表示。9.Inthebookshop,areaderaskedtheshopkeeper

WhoMovedMyCheese

wasaninterestingbook.

A.that

B.how

C.what

D.if【解析】注意本句中斜體部分是一本書的名字《誰動了我的奶酪》,本句含義是“一個讀者問書店管理員這本書是不是有趣”。所以答案是D項。答案:D本題的主要陷阱是書名WhoMovedMyCheese,它本身含有一個who,容易給人造成誤解。在英語中,注意書名一般都是斜體的,且書名的首字母是大寫的,注意把它看成一個獨立的完整的東西。10.Iwastold

BillGateswasthirteenhebegantoplaywithcomputers.

A.thathow

B.howthat

C.whenthat

D.thatwhen【解析】注意后面從句的含義是“比爾·蓋茨十三歲的時候開始玩電腦”,應(yīng)該用when表示“當(dāng)……時”,本句中的that是賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。所以選D項。答案:D。本句結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜,主要陷阱設(shè)置在when上,它在本句中起到引導(dǎo)后面的時間狀語的作用。做此類題,要慢慢理順?biāo)悸?,不要鉆牛角尖,當(dāng)一種含義說不通時,從另一個角度或另一個含義考慮。11.(2010江蘇蘇州中考)—Iwonder

.

—Zebras.

A.whatdotheycalltheseanimals

B.howtheycalltheseanimals

C.whattheycalltheseanimals

D.howdotheycalltheseanimals【解析】本句含義是“我想知道他們叫這些動物什么”,排除B、D兩項。另外賓語從句要用陳述語序。所以選C項。答案:C

本句容易譯成“他們怎樣稱呼這些動物”而錯選how,注意本句中隱含句型callsb.sth.含義是“稱呼某人……”,call為后面接雙賓的動詞,一個直接賓語,一個間接賓語,how為疑問副詞,不能作賓語,因此call缺少直接賓語,因此排除B項。解答本類題首先分析句意,確定引導(dǎo)詞,然后看好語序和時態(tài)。12.(2010北京中考)I'mdifferentfrommytwinsister.Ilovedancing,

sheisinterestedinreading.

A.so

B.or

C.but

D.and【解析】本句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,選擇C項。答案:C本句陷阱在于選項前后都是肯定句形式,不細(xì)讀題而誤選D項。并列句主要是根據(jù)句意來判斷前后兩句的邏輯關(guān)系,所以一定要把題讀完再作判斷。13.(2010重慶中考)Workhard,

youmaycatchupwithyourclassmatessoon.

A.or

B.but

C.and

D.yet【解析】本句是“祈使句+and”的句型,句意為“努力學(xué)習(xí),你會很快趕上其他同學(xué)的”,and在句中表示承接關(guān)系,所以選C項。答案:C。本題的陷阱是句型,本句型區(qū)別于“祈使句+or”,這個句型的含義是“……,不然的話/否則……”。祈使句后面既可以加and,也可以加or,所以要全面分析句意,再作決定。14.

—WhattimewillMrBrownbebacktoChina?(2009年)

—Sorry,Idon'tknow

.

A.whendidhegoabroad

B.whyheisgoingabroad

C.howsoonwillhebeback

D.howlonghewillstayabroad【解析】答案:D

由題可知,選項是做Know的賓語,而賓語從句要用陳訴句語序,所以答案選D15.Someofmyfriendsareinterestedinscience,butnoneofthemcantell

.(2010年)

A.whenUFOswillappearnexttime

B.whydohorsesknowtheway

C.wherewasthiskindofplantfound

D.howdoelephantscommunicate【解析】答案:A

由題可知,選項做tell的賓語,賓語從句用陳訴句語序,所以答案選A16.Ididn'tseeLauraatthepartylastnight.Doyouknow

.

(2011年)

A.whydidn'tshecome

B.whathappened

C.whenwouldshearrive

D.whereshehasbeen【解析】答案:B

句意:昨天的聚會上,我沒有看到勞拉。你知道發(fā)生了什么?分析:考查賓語從句的用法,賓語從句為陳述語序,通過時間狀語為lastnight,體現(xiàn)時態(tài)為一般過去時,同時結(jié)合句意,第二項符合語境。17.MypenpalfromAmericaiscomingtovisitme.I'mthinkingabout

.(2012年)

A.whatpresentdidgiveher

B.howIwillgiveherasurprise

C.wherewillwehaveabigmeal

D.whetherIplannedatripforher【解析】答案:B

賓語從句用陳訴句語序,從現(xiàn)在正在考慮可以判斷后面賓語從句的動作應(yīng)該還沒有發(fā)生,所以時態(tài)應(yīng)該用一般將來時,構(gòu)成will+動詞原形。18.—MissLee,Ididn'tcatchwhatyousaid,Couldyoutellme

again?(2013年)

—OK!

A.whatshouldwetake

B.whereshallwemeet

C.whenwewouldstart

D.howwewillgetthere【解析】答案:D

賓語從句用陳訴句語序,AB是疑問句語序,語序不正確;本句主句Couldyoutellme是委婉語氣,時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時,根據(jù)語境可知從句是表達(dá)將要發(fā)生的事情,需用一般將來時,C是一般過去時,D是一般將來時,故選D。19.Thegirlsaskedifthey

somefoodanddrinkwiththem.

A.took

B.take

C.takes

D.willtake【解析】答案:A

賓語從句中,如果主句為過去時態(tài),賓語從句的謂語動詞必須根據(jù)需要選擇過去時態(tài)的某一種形式。20.Thestudentswanttoknowwhetherthey

dictationtoday.

A.had

B.has

C.willhave

D.are【解析】答案:C

主句為一般現(xiàn)在時,從句可根據(jù)需要,選用相適應(yīng)的任何時態(tài),根據(jù)題意及時間狀語today,可知應(yīng)用將來時,故選C。21.SheaskedLindaif

goandgetsome.

A.couldshe

B.shecould

C.shecan

D.shemay【解析】答案:B

(1)在賓語從句用陳訴句語序,故排除A。(2)如果主句是過去時態(tài),賓語從句的謂語動詞必須根據(jù)需要選擇過去時態(tài)的某一種形式,故排除CD。22.Lindasaidthemoon

roundtheearth.

A.travelled

B.hastravelled

C.travells

D.hadtravelled【解析】答案:C

從句為客觀真理,無論主句是什么時態(tài),從句均用一般現(xiàn)在時,故選C。23.Catherinesaidthatshe

toGuangzhou.

A.hasnevergone

B.hadnevergone

C.hasneverbeen

D.hadneverbeen【解析】答案:D

(1)賓語從句中,如果主句為過去時態(tài),賓語從句的謂語動詞必須根據(jù)需要選擇過去時態(tài)的某一種形式,故排除A和C。

(2)

havegoneto

到某地去說話時該人不在現(xiàn)場,一般不用第一人稱,第二人稱代詞做句子的主語。

如:—whereisJim?

—HehasgonetoEngland.

他去英國了(尚未回來)

如:Mr.Wangisn'there.HehasgonetoQingdao.

王先生不在這里,他去青島了。

(3)

Havebeento

曾經(jīng)去過某地(現(xiàn)在已回來了,后可接次數(shù),如:once,twice,threetimes等,表示去過某地幾次,也可和just,never,ever等連用)

如:IhaveneverbeentotheGreatWall.

MyfatherhasbeentoBeijingtwice.

我父親去過北京兩次

(4)

Havebeenin

表示在某地呆了多少時間,常與時間狀語連用

如:IhavebeeninShanghaiforthreeyears.

我到上海已有3年。

同步練習(xí)

英語賓語從句專項練習(xí)一、選擇填空-1。(

)1.WhatdidMikesay?Hesaid

.

A.ifyouarefreethenextweek

B.whatcolourwasit

C.theweatherisfine

D.summercomesafterspring(

)2.Tomaskedmyfriend

.

A.wherewashefrom

B.thattheearthisbiggerthanthemoon

C.whendidhecomeback

D.nottobesoangry(

)3.Letmetellyou

.

A.howmuchisthecar

B.howmuchdoesthecarcost

C.howmuchdidIpayforthecar

D.howmuchIspentonthecar(

)4.Peterknew

.

A.whetherhehasfinishedreadingthebook

B.whytheboyhadsomanyquestions

C.therewere12monthsinayear

D.whentheywillleaveforParis(

)5.Couldyoutellme

?

A.wheredoyoulive

B.whoyouarewaitingfor

C.whowereyouwaitingfor

D.whereyoulivein(

)6.Ican'tunderstand

theboyalone.

A.whysheleft

B.whydidsheleave

C.whyshehadleft

D.whyhadsheleft(

)7.Shetoldmethesun

intheeast.

A.riseB.rose

C.risesD.hadrisen(

)8.Idon'tknow

upsoearlylastSunday.

A.whydidheget

B.whyhegets

C.whydoesheget

D.whyhegot(

)9.Themanagercameuptosee

.

A.whatwasthematter

B.whatthematterwas

C.whatthematteris

D.what'sthematter(

)10.Heaskedhisfather

.

A.whereithappens

B.wheredidithappen

C.howithappened

D.howdidithappen(

)11.Noonetellsus

,soweneedyourhelp.

A.howweshoulddo

B.whatshouldwedo

C.howtodoit

D.whattodoit(

)12.Couldyoupleaseteachme

thecomputer.

A.howcheck

B.tocheck

C.howtocheck

D.tohowchecking(

)13.Theydon'tknow

theirparentsare.

A.

that

B.what

C.why

D.which(

)14.─Wheredoyouthink

he

theTVset?

─Sorry,I'venoidea.

A./,bought

B.has,bought

C.did,buy

D.did,bought(

)15.Ourhomeworkhaschangedalot.Whocantell

itwouldbelikein

fiveyears.

A.how,another

B.what,more

C.how,other

D.what,another(

)16.─Couldyoutellme

?

─Yes.He

totheUSA.

A.whereishe/hasbeen

B.whereheis/hasgone

C.wherewashe/hasbeen

D.wherehewas/hasgone(

)17.─Mikewantstoknowif

apicnictomorrow.

─Yes.Butifit

,we'llvisitthemuseuminstead.

A.youhave/willrain

B.youwillhave/willrain

C.youwillhave/rains

D.willyouhave/rains(

)18.Ireallydon'tknowifshe

itwhenshe

.

A.finds/arrives

B.finds/willarrive

C.willfind/willarrive

D.willfind/arrives(

)19.MissLiusaid

shewouldleavethemessageontheheadmaster'sdesk.

A.that

B.where

C.which

D.what(

)20.Heaskedme

.

A.whowillkickthefirstgoalintheWorldCup

B.whenwastheAPECmeetingheld

C.whenChinabecameamemberoftheWTO

D.wherethe2008Olympicswillbeheld(

)21.Inthebookshop,areaderaskedtheshopkeeper

WhoMovedMyCheese

was

aninterestingbook.

A.that

B.how

C.what

D.if(

)22.Youmustremember

.

A.whatyourteachersaid

B.whatdidyourteachersay

C.yourteachersaidwhat

D.whathasyourteachersaid(

)23.Idon'tknow

.

A.whichroomIcanlive

B.whichroomcanIlive

C.whichroomIcanlivein

D.whichroomcanIlivein(

)24.—Doyouknowwhenhe

back?

—Sorry,Idon't.Whenhe

back,I'lltellyou.

A.comes;comes

B.comes;willcome

C.willcome;comes

D.willcome;willcome(

)25.Thegirlsaskedifthey

somefoodanddrinkwiththem.

A.took

B.take

C.takes

D.willtake(

)26.Marysaidthatshe

toGuangzhou.

A.hasnevergone

B.hadnevergone

C.hasneverbeen

D.hadneverbeen(

)27.Thestudentswanttoknowwhetherthey

aPEclasstoday.

A.had

B.has

C.willhave

D.are(

)28.Canyoutellme

youwereborn,Betty?

A.who

B.what

C.when

D.that(

)29.Idon'tknow

theyhavepassedtheexam.

A.what

B.if

C.when

D.where(

)30.Doyouknow

theylistenedtoyesterdayevening?

A.what

B.when

C.why

D.how

二、選擇填空-2。1.Doyouknow

duringthecomingsummerholiday?

A.whatwillTomdo

B.whatdidTomdo

C.whatTomwilldo

D.whatTomdid2.Iwanttoknow

.

A.whatishisname

B.what'shisname

C.thathisnameis

D.whathisnameis3.Doyouknow

Icouldpasstheexam?

A.that

B.whether

C.what

D.which4.Jimdoesn'tunderstand

.

A.whichisthewaytothemuseum

B.whyhiswifealwaysgoesshopping

C.whatisthewaytothemuseum

D.whydoesshealwaysgoshopping5.Couldyoutellme

sheislookingfor?

A.that

B.whose

C.who

D.which6.Mr.Kingdidn'tknow

yesterdayevening.

A.whendoeshissoncomehome

B.whenhissoncomeshome

C.whendidhissoncomehome

D.whenhissoncamehome7.Couldyoutellme

thebikethismorning?

A.howdoeshemend

B.howhemends

C.howhemended

D.howdidhemend8.—I'mwaitingforthemail.Doyouknow

itwillarrive?

—Usuallyitcomesby4:00.

A.how

B.where

C.when

D.what9.

—Excuseme,wouldyoupleasetellme

?

—Certainly.Gostraightalonghere.It'snexttoahospital.

A.howwecangettothepostoffice

B.howcanwegettothepostoffice

C.howgettothepostoffice

D.howcouldwegettothepostoffice10.

—CanIhelpyou?

—Yes.I'dlikeatickettoMountEmei.Canyoutellme

taketogetthere?

A.howsoonwillit

B.howsoonitwill

C.howlongitwill

D.howlongwillit11.Hewantedtoknow

.

A.whetherhespeaksatthemeeting

B.whenthemeetingwouldstart

C.whathe'sgoingtodoatthemeeting

D.wherewouldthemeetingbeheld12.

—Couldyoutellme

theBambooGarden?

—Thedayaftertomorrow,Ithink.

A.whenwillyouvisit

B.whenyouwillvisit

C.whenwouldyouvisit

D.whenyouwouldvisit13.Wouldyoupleasetellme

next,Mr.Wang?

A.whatshouldwedo

B.weshoulddowhat

C.whatweshoulddo

D.shouldwedowhat14.Youcan'timagine

whentheyreceivedtheseniceChristmaspresents.

A.howtheywereexcited

B.howexcitedtheywere

C.howexcitedwerethey

D.theywerehowexcited15.Iwanttoknow

youwillcomebackat8:00tomorrow.

A.that

B.when

C.where

D.whether16.

—Couldyoutellme

?

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