Unit 9 How to Grow Old公開課一等獎(jiǎng)市賽課一等獎(jiǎng)?wù)n件

新世紀(jì)高等院校英語專業(yè)本科系列教材（修訂版）綜合教程第六冊(第2版)電子教案上海外語教育出版社南京信息工程大學(xué)劉杰海Unit9HowToGrowOldcoverContentspageContents

LearningObjectivesPre-readingActivitiesGlobalReadingDetailedReadingConsolidationActivitiesFurtherEnhancementObjectivesLearningObjectivesRhetoricalskill:metaphorKeylanguage&grammarpointsWritingstrategies:metaphorforthethemeoftheessayTheme:howtokeepyoungandfacedeathPre-R:pictureactivationDoyoufind“growingold”aterrifyingprocess?Whyorwhynot?PictureActivation|Pre-questionsPre-R:Pre-questions-11.AnagingpopulationhasbecomeaseriousprobleminChina,especiallyinbigcitieslikeShanghai.Afterdecadesofhardwork,oldpeopledeservetoliveahappylifeintheirtwilightyears.DoyouthinkoldpeopleinChinaaretakengoodcareof?Whatdoyourgrandparentsusuallydoeveryday?Dotheyenjoytheirlife?PictureActivation|Pre-questionsOpenfordiscussion.Pre-R:Pre-questions-22.Withtheimprovementoflivingstandardsandmedicalservices,nowpeoplehavealongerlifeexpectancythanbefore.Inthisconnection,somepeopleproposethatourretirementageshouldbepostponed.Doyouagreewiththisidea?PictureActivation|Pre-questionsOpenfordiscussion.GR:TextintroThisisoneoftheessaysinBertrandRussell’sPortraitsfromMemory,whichwaspublishedin1956.Asisindicatedinthetitle,theessaydealswiththeissueofaging.Inalightandhumorousstyle,theauthorturnsthissocialissueintoapersonaldiscussionontwotopics:Howtokeeponeselfpsychologicallyyoungandhowtoperceivedeathinone’soldage.TextIntroduction|CultureNotes|Author|StructureGR:CN-GibbonGibbon(Paragraph1)

EdwardGibbon(1737–1794),Englishhistorian.HewroteTheHistoryoftheDeclineandFalloftheRomanEmpire(1776–1788).TextIntroduction|CultureNotes|Author|StructureGR:CN-GirtonCollegeGirtonCollege(Paragraph1)ThefirstresidentialcollegeforwomenofCambridgeUniversity,itwasestablishedin1869.ItisabouttwoandahalfmilesnorthwestofthecenterofCambridgenexttothevillageofGirton.Itbecamemixedin1977withthearrivalofthefirstmaleFellowsandmaleundergraduateshavebeenadmittedsince1979.TextIntroduction|CultureNotes|Author|StructureGR:AuthorBio-1BertrandRussell(1872-1970)wasaBritishphilosopherandmathematicianwhocombinedscholarshipwithliteraryskillandhadararetalentforpopularizationbothinwritingandasabroadcaster.Onpoliticsandeducationheheldunorthodoxopinions.In1918hewasgalledforpacifism.Undeterredbyage,hewasactiveinnucleardisarmamentdemonstrations,whichledtoanotherspellinprison.TextIntroduction|CultureNotes|Author|StructureGR:AuthorBio-2HeleftCambridgeinthesummerof1894Intheautumnof1920hewenttoChinatolectureonphilosophyatthePekinguniversity.analyzingthestrengthandweaknessesofthatancientcivilizationattemptingtoindustrialize,andwarnedofthedangersofimperialpowersinterferinginChinaaffairs.In1950,RussellwasawardedtheNobelPrizeinLiterature,"inrecognitionofhisvariedandsignificantwritingsinwhichhechampionshumanitarianidealsandfreedomofthought."TextIntroduction|CultureNotes|Author|StructureGR:structureTextIntroduction|CultureNotes|Author|StructurePart1(Para1)descriptionofthehealthylifestyleofauthor’sancestors,whichreflectshisattitudetowardslifePart2(Paras3-4)twothingselderlypeopleshouldavoid,namelylivinginmemoriesandclingingtoyouthPart3(Paras5-6)importanceofdevelopingimpersonalinterests,andacorrectattitudetowardsdeathinoldageDR-p1-1-textHOWTOGROWOLDBertrandA.Russell1. Inspiteofthetitle,thisarticlewillreallybeonhownottogrowold,which,atmytimeoflife,isamuchmoreimportantsubject.Myfirstadvicewouldbe,tochooseyourancestorscarefully.Althoughbothmyparentsdiedyoung,Ihavedonewellinthisrespectasregardsmyotherancestors.Mymaternalgrandfather,itistrue,wascutoffintheflowerofhisyouthattheageofsixty-seven,butmyotherthreegrandparentsalllivedtobeovereighty.DetailedReadingDR-p1-2-textOfremoterancestorsIcanonlydiscoveronewhodidnotlivetoagreatage,andhediedofadiseasewhichisnowrare,namely,havinghisheadcutoff.Agreat-grandmotherofmine,whowasafriendofGibbon,livedtotheageofninety-two,andtoherlastdayremainedaterrortoallherdescendants.Mymaternalgrandmother,afterhavingninechildrenwhosurvived,onewhodiedininfancy,andmanymiscarriages,assoonasshebecameawidowdevotedherselftowomen’shighereducation.ShewasoneofthefoundersofGirtonCollege,andworkedhardatopeningthemedicalprofessiontowomen.DetailedReadingDR-p1-3-textSheusedtorelatehowshemetinItalyanelderlygentlemanwhowaslookingverysad.

Sheinquiredthecauseofhismelancholyandhesaidthathehadjustpartedfromhistwograndchildren.“Goodgracious,”sheexclaimed,“Ihaveseventy-twograndchildren,andifIweresadeachtimeIpartedfromoneofthem,Ishouldhaveadismalexistence!”“Madresnaturale,”hereplied.Butspeakingasoneoftheseventy-two,Ipreferherrecipe.Aftertheageofeightyshefoundshehadsomedifficultyingettingtosleep,soshehabituallyspentthehoursfrommidnightto3a.m.inreadingpopularscience.DetailedReadingDR-p1-4-textIdonotbelievethatsheeverhadtimetonoticethatshewasgrowingold.This,Ithink,istheproperrecipeforremainingyoung.Ifyouhavewideandkeeninterestsandactivitiesinwhichyoucanstillbeeffective,youwillhavenoreasontothinkaboutthemerelystatisticalfactofthenumberofyearsyouhavealreadylived,stilllessoftheprobablebrevityofyourfuture.DetailedReadingDR-p2-text2. Asregardshealth,IhavenothingusefultosaysinceIhavelittleexperienceofillness.IeatanddrinkwhateverIlike,andsleepwhenIcannotkeepawake.Ineverdoanythingwhateveronthegroundthatitisgoodforhealth,thoughinactualfactthethingsIlikedoingaremostlywholesome.DetailedReadingDR-p3-text3. Psychologicallytherearetwodangerstobeguardedagainstinoldage.Oneoftheseisundueabsorptioninthepast.Itdoesnotdotoliveinmemories,inregretsforthegoodolddays,orinsadnessaboutfriendswhoaredead.One’sthoughtsmustbedirectedtothefuture,andtothingsaboutwhichthereissomethingtobedone.Thisisnotalwayseasy;one’sownpastisagraduallyincreasingweight.Itiseasytothinktooneselfthatone’semotionsusedtobemorevividthantheyare,andone’smindmorekeen.Ifthisistrueitshouldbeforgotten,andifitisforgottenitwillprobablynotbetrue.DetailedReadingDR-p4-text4. Theotherthingtobeavoidedisclingingtoyouthinthehopeofsuckingvigourfromitsvitality.Whenyourchildrenaregrownuptheywanttolivetheirownlives,andifyoucontinuetobeasinterestedinthemasyouwerewhentheywereyoung,youarelikelytobecomeaburdentothem,unlesstheyareunusuallycallous.Idonotmeanthatoneshouldbewithoutinterestinthem,butone’sinterestshouldbecontemplativeand,ifpossible,philanthropic,butnotundulyemotional.Animalsbecomeindifferenttotheiryoungassoonastheiryoungcanlookafterthemselves,buthumanbeings,owingtothelengthofinfancy,findthisdifficult.DetailedReadingDR-p5-1-text5. Ithinkthatasuccessfuloldageiseasiestforthosewhohavestrongimpersonalinterestsinvolvingappropriateactivities.Itisinthisspherethatlongexperienceisreallyfruitful,anditisinthisspherethatthewisdombornofexperiencecanbeexercisedwithoutbeingoppressive.Itisnousetellinggrown-upchildrennottomakemistakes,bothbecausetheywillnotbelieveyou,andbecausemistakesareanessentialpartofeducation.Butifyouareoneofthosewhoareincapableofimpersonalinterests,youmayfindthatyourlifewillbeemptyunlessyouconcernyourselfwithyourchildrenandgrandchildren.DetailedReadingDR-p5-2-textInthatcaseyoumustrealisethatwhileyoucanstillrenderthemmaterialservices,suchasgivingthemanallowanceorknittingthemjumpers,youmustnotexpectthattheywillenjoyyourcompany.DetailedReadingDR-p6-1-text6. Someoldpeopleareoppressedbythefearofdeath.Intheyoungthereisajustificationforthisfeeling.Youngmenwhohavereasontofearthattheywillbekilledinbattlemayjustifiablyfeelbitterinthethoughtthattheyhavebeencheatedofthebestthingsthatlifehastooffer.Butinanoldmanwhohasknownhumanjoysandsorrows,andhasachievedwhateverworkitwasinhimtodo,thefearofdeathissomewhatabjectandignoble.Thebestwaytoovercomeit—soatleastitseemstome—istomakeyourinterestsgraduallywiderandmoreimpersonal,untilbitbybitthewallsoftheegorecede,andyourlifebecomesincreasinglymergedintheuniversallife.DetailedReadingDR-p6-2-textAnindividualhumanexistenceshouldbelikeariver—smallatfirst,narrowlycontainedwithinitsbanks,andrushingpassionatelypastrocksandoverwaterfalls.Graduallytherivergrowswider,thebanksrecede,thewatersflowmorequietly,andintheend,withoutanyvisiblebreak,theybecomemergedinthesea,andpainlesslylosetheirindividualbeing.Themanwho,inoldage,canseehislifeinthisway,willnotsufferfromthefearofdeath,sincethethingshecaresforwillcontinue.Andif,withthedecayofvitality,wearinessincreases,thethoughtofrestwillnotbeunwelcome.Ishouldwishtodiewhilestillatwork,knowingthatotherswillcarryonwhatIcannolongerdo,andcontentinthethoughtthatwhatwaspossiblehasbeendone.DetailedReadingDR:p1AnalysisParagraph1AnalysisInthisparagraphtheauthorbeginstheessaywithahumorousanswertothequestion“hownottogrowold”—“tochooseyourancestorscarefully.”Thenhetellsussomeanecdotesaboutoneofhisancestors—hismaternalgrandmother,whoenjoyedalonglifepartlybecauseshehadahealthyattitudetowardslife.DetailedReadingDR:p2AnalysisParagraph2AnalysisInthisparagraphtheauthorgivesusaverybriefdescriptionofhishealthylifestyle,whichreflectshisattitudetowardslife.DetailedReadingDR:p3-4AnalysisParagraphs3-4AnalysisAftertalkingabouthisancestors’longevityandhisownhealthylifestyle,theauthordirectshisdiscussiontothetwothingselderlypeopleshouldavoid,namelylivinginmemoriesandclingingtoyouth,whichareinterrelated,becauseundueabsorptioninthepastwouldinevitablyleadtoclingingtoyouth.DetailedReadingDR:p5AnalysisParagraph5AnalysisInthisparagraphtheauthorstressestheimportanceofdevelopingimpersonalinterests.Withsuchinterestsonewillhaveafulfillingoldagewithoutmakinghisgrown-upchildrenfeeloppressed.Otherwise,hewilleitherfeelemptyorundulyconcernhimselfwithhischildren.DetailedReadingDR:p6AnalysisParagraph6AnalysisThelastparagraphexpoundsonacorrectattitudetowardsdeathinoldage.Accordingtotheauthor,deathshouldnotbeanoppressiveproblemfor“anoldmanwhohasknownhumanjoysandsorrows.”Hecomparesone’slifetoariverthatwilleventuallybemergedwiththesea.Thismetaphorsuggeststhatdeathisinevitableand,moreimportant,itispartof“theuniversallife.”DetailedReadingDR-Question-p1-1DetailedReadingParagraph1Questions1.Whatdoestheauthormeanwhenhesaysthat“Butspeakingasoneoftheseventy-two,Ipreferherrecipe”?Theauthormeansthatasoneofherseventy-twograndchildren,heprefersthewayshechosetodealwithbeingseparatedfromherfamilyforperiodsoftime.DR-Question-p1-2Paragraph1Questions2.How,accordingtotheauthor,canoneberelievedfromtheworryofaging?DetailedReadingAccordingtotheauthor,ifyouhavewideandkeeninterestsandyouparticipateinactivitieswhichyouarestillcapableof,justashismaternalgrand-motherdid,youwillhavenotimetonoticethatyouaregrowingoldandthusyouwillhavenoreasontoworryaboutyouroldageandtheprobablebrevityofyourfuture.DR-Question-p3-1Paragraph3Questions1.Howcouldonegetoutofundueabsorptioninthepast?DetailedReadingTogetoneselfoutofundueabsorptioninthepast,onemustdirectone’sthoughttothefutureandtothethingsaboutwhichthereissomethingtobedone.DR-Question-p3-2DetailedReadingParagraph3Questions2.How,accordingtotheauthor,shouldanelderlypersonshowhisconcernforhischildren?Accordingtotheauthor,anelderlypersonshouldavoidshowingtoomuchinterestinhischildrenwhentheyaregrownupandwanttolivetheirownlives.Heshouldbethoughtfulandbereadytogivethemhelponlywhentheyneedit.DR-Question-p4Paragraph4QuestionHow,accordingtotheauthor,shouldanelderlypersonshowhisconcernforhischildren?DetailedReadingAccordingtotheauthor,anelderlypersonshouldavoidshowingtoomuchinterestinhischildrenwhentheyaregrownupandwanttolivetheirownlives.Heshouldbethoughtfulandbereadytogivethemhelponlywhentheyneedit.DR-Question-p5Paragraph5QuestionWhat,accordingtotheauthor,should“thosewhoareincapableofimpersonalinterests”realize?DetailedReadingAccordingtotheauthor,thosewhoareincapableofimpersonalinterestsshouldrealizethattheirundueinterestintheirchildrenisunwelcome,thoughtheir“materialservices”arestillappreciated.DR-Question-p6Paragraph6QuestionWhatisthebestwayforanoldpersontoovercomethefearofdeath?DetailedReadingFirstofall,heshouldrealisethatdeathisinevitable.Thebestwaytoovercomethefearofdeathistodevelopstrongimpersonalinterestsinvolvingappropriateactivities,sothathewillpainlesslylosehisindividualbeing(i.e.hisego)andhislifewillbecomemergedintheuniversallife.LPT-AlthoughbothmymotherandmyfatherDetailedReading“Althoughbothmyparentsdiedyoung,Ihavedonewellinthisrespectasregardsmyotherancestors.”ParaphraseAlthoughbothmymotherandmyfatherdiedwhentheywerestillyoung,myotherancestorslivedlonglives.Heretheauthormeansthatgeneticallyhedidquitewell.LPT-respectDetailedReadingrespectn.anaspectofsomethinge.g.Inmostrespects,thenewfilmisbetterthantheoriginal.Thehouseisinafairlygoodconditionand,inthisrespect,contrastswiththerestofthestreetwhichisinastateofdisrepair.LPT-regardDetailedReadingasregardusedforintroducingasubjectthatyouwillbediscussinge.g.Areyouoptimisticorpessimisticasregardsthefuture?Thisisespeciallytrueasregardswomen,giventhat,oftheworld’sonebillionpoorestpeople,three-fifthsarewomenandgirls.LPT-MymaternalgrandmotherDetailedReading“Mymaternalgrandfather,itistrue,wascutoffintheflowerofhisyouthattheageofsixty-seven,butmyotherthreegrandparentsalllivedtobeovereighty.”

ParaphraseAlthoughbothmymotherandmyfatherdiedwhentheywerestillyoung,myotherancestorslivedlonglives.Heretheauthormeansthatgeneticallyhedidquitewell.LPT-cutoffDetailedReadingcutofftoremovesomethingbycuttingite.g.Theaimwastocutofftheenemy’sescaperoute.I’mgladthebartendercutTommyoff—he’salreadyhadtoomuchtodrink.Whenhiswifedied,hecuthimselfofffromotherpeople.March31isthecutoffdateforapplicationstobeaccepted.LPT-OfremoterancestorsDetailedReading“OfremoterancestorsIcanonlydiscoveronewhodidnotlivetoagreatage,andhediedofadiseasewhichisnowrare,namely,havinghisheadcutoff.”

ParaphraseAmongallmyremoterancestors,Ionlyfindonewhodiedyoung.Hewasbeheaded,whichisrarenowadays.LPT-namelyDetailedReadingnamelyadv.usedforintroducingmoredetailedinformationaboutasubjectthatyouarediscussinge.g.Weneedtogetmoreteachersintotheclassroomswherethey’remostneeded,namelyinpoorareas.Theministerwouldonlyrepeattheofficialgovernmentposition,namelythatitcandonothingatthemoment.LPT–toherlastdayremainedaterrortoallher“toherlastdayremainedaterrortoallherdescendants”ParaphrasekeptasternandfearfulcontroloverallherdescendantsuntilherdeathDetailedReadingLPT-SheusedtorelatehowshemetDetailedReading“SheusedtorelatehowshemetinItalyanelderlygentlemanwhowaslookingverysad.”

ParaphraseSheoftentoldmehowshemetinItalyanelderlygentlemanwholookedverysad.LPT-relateDetailedReadingrelatevt.totellsomeoneaboutsomethingthathashappenedorwhatsomeonehassaide.g.Sherelatedtheeventsofthepastweektothepolice.Herelateshowattheageof23hewasinternedintheprisoncamp.LPT-SheinquiredthecauseofhismelancholyDetailedReading“Sheinquiredthecauseofhismelancholyandhesaidthathehadjustpartedfromhistwograndchildren.”ParaphraseSheaskedhimwhyhewassosadandhetoldherthathehadjustlostthecompanyofhistwograndchildren.LPT-melancholyDetailedReadingmelancholyn.(melancholicadj.)afeelingofsadnessandofbeingwithouthopee.g.amelancholypieceofmusicmelancholyautumndaysamelancholicexpressionmelancholicsongsLPT-Ihaveseventy-twograndchildrenDetailedReading“Ihaveseventy-twograndchildren,andifIweresadeachtimeIpartedfromoneofthem,Ishouldhaveadismalexistence!”ParaphraseIhavealtogetherseventy-twograndchildren.SoifIfeltsadwheneverIendedavisitwithoneofthem,Iwouldliveamiserablelife.LPT-partDetailedReadingpartvt.iftwopeoplepart,orifonepersonpartsfromanother,theygoawayfromeachothere.g.Noonecouldpartthetwofriends.Theywereforcedtopartfromoneanother.Thecommitteepartedovertheissueofpayraisesforemployees.LPT-dismalDetailedReadingdismaladj.makingyoufeelunhappyandwithouthopeorenthusiasme.g.adismalexpressionTheactingwasdismal,wasn’tit?Whatdismalweather!LPT-thinkaboutthemerelystatisticalDetailedReading“thinkaboutthemerelystatisticalfactofthenumberofyearsyouhavealreadylived”Paraphrasethinkabouthowmanyyearsyouhavelived“Statisticalfactofthenumberofyears”isahumorouswayofsayinghowmanyyearsonehaslived.LPT-stilllessoftheprobablebrevityofyourfutureDetailedReading“stilllessoftheprobablebrevityofyourfuture”Paraphrase

stilllessreasontothinkabouthowshorttheremainingpartofyourlifewillprobablybeLPT-IseldomfallillDetailedReading“...Ihavelittleexperienceofillness.”Paraphrase...Iseldomfallill.LPT-IneverdoanythingwhateveronthegroundDetailedReading“Ineverdoanythingwhateveronthegroundthatitisgoodforhealth,thoughinactualfactthethingsIlikedoingaremostlywholesome.”ParaphraseIneverdoanythingforthereasonthatitisgoodforhealth,thoughmostofthethingsIdoarehealthy.LPT-groundDetailedReadinggroundn.areasonforwhatyousayordo,orforbeingallowedtosayordosomethinge.g.Herefusedtoansweronthegroundthatshewasunfairlydismissed.Wehavegroundstobelievethatyouhavebeenlyingtous.Doyouhaveanygroundforsuspectingthem?LPT-wholesomeDetailedReadingwholesomeadj.consideredtohaveagoodinfluenceonpeople,forexamplebecauseitdoesnotinvolvesexordrugse.g.wholesomefoodgoodwholesomefamilyentertainmentHelookslikeanicewholesomeyoungmanLPT-PsychologicallytherearetwodangersDetailedReading“Psychologicallytherearetwodangerstobeguardedagainstinoldage.Oneoftheseisundueabsorptioninthepast.”ParaphraseFromthepsychologicalpointofview,therearetwodangerousthingsthatoldpeopleshouldtrytoavoid.Oneofthemisthatoldpeopleshouldnotthinktoomuchabouttheirpast.LPT-guardDetailedReadingguardvt.toprotectsomeoneorsomethingfromsomethingdangerousorunpleasante.g.guardagainstinfectionguardagainsttoothdecayGuardwhatyousay.LPT-undueDetailedReadingundueadj.notnecessaryorreasonablee.g.Suchahighincreasewillimposeanundueburdenonthelocaltaxpayer.It’sdifficulttofindawayofspreadinginformationaboutthediseasewithoutcausingunduealarm.LPT-itdoesnotdotoliveinmemoriesDetailedReading“Itdoesnotdotoliveinmemories...”ParaphraseItisnousealwaysrecallingwhathappenedinthepast…LPT-clingtoyouthDetailedReading“clingingtoyouth”ParaphrasehavingundueemotionalattachmenttoyouthLPT-Idon’tmeanthatoneshouldbewithoutDetailedReading“Idonotmeanthatoneshouldbewithoutinterestinthem,butone’sinterestshouldbecontemplativeand,ifpossible,philanthropic,butnotundulyemotional.”ParaphraseIdonotmeanthatoneshouldn’thaveanyinterestinthematall,butone’sinterestshouldbethoughtfulandcharitable,butnottooemotional.LPT-contemplativeDetailedReadingcontemplativeadj.spendingalotoftimethinkingverycarefullyaboutsomethinge.g.Hermoodwascalmandcontemplative.I’mcontemplatinggoingabroadforayear.You’renotcontemplatingachangeofjob,areyou?LPT-philanthropicDetailedReadingphilanthropicadj.helpingpeople,especiallybygivingmoneytothosewhoneedite.g.aphilanthropicsocietyFewcompaniesoffermoneypurelyasaphilanthropicgesture—they’reusuallyaftersomethinginreturnLPT-undulyDetailedReadingundulyadv.toagreaterdegreethanisreasonableornecessarye.g.undulyfamiliarwithstrangersHeseemedundulyconcernedaboutthemissinggirl.LPT-itisinthisspherethatlongexperienceDetailedReading“Itisinthisspherethatlongexperienceisreallyfruitful...”ParaphraseOnlyinthisareawilloldpeople’slongexperiencebecomereallyuseful...LPT-thewisdombornofexperiencecanbeDetailedReading“...thewisdombornofexperiencecanbeexercisedwithoutbeingoppressive.”

Paraphrase...onecanusethewisdomthathehasobtainedfromhislifeexperiencetohelphisgrown-upchildrenwithoutmakingthemfeeloppressed.LPT-oppressiveDetailedReadingoppressiveadj.somethingthatisoppressivemakesyoufeelveryworriedorunhappye.g.anoppressivesilenceoppressiveweatherSeveralpeoplehadexperiencedthesamefeelingofoppressionwhentheysleptinthatroom.LPT-someoldpeopleareoppressedbythefearDetailedReading“Someoldpeopleareoppressedbythefearofdeath.Intheyoungthereisajustificationforthisfeeling.”ParaphraseSomeoldpeoplearehauntedbythefearofdeath.Foryoungpeople,thereissomereasonforthisfeeling.LPT-hasachievedwhateverworkitwasinhimtodoDetailedReading“hasachievedwhateverworkitwasinhimtodo”ParaphrasehasachievedwhateverworkhehadtheabilitytodoLPT-oppressDetailedReadingoppressvt.tomakesomeonefeelveryworriedorunhappye.g.Strangedreamsandnightmaresoppressedhim.Povertyoppressesthespirit.LPT-justificationDetailedReadingjustificationn.(justifyvt.)areasonwhysomethingiscorrectandmorallyrighte.g.Thereisnojustificationfortreatingpeoplesobadly.Itcanbesaid,withsomejustification,thatsheisoneofthegreatestactressesontheEnglishstagetoday.ItwastheonlythingthatIcoulddo—Idon’thavetojustifymyselftoanyone.Ithinkyouwerequitejustifiedincomplaining.LPT-thebestwaytoovercomeitDetailedReading“Thebestwaytoovercomeit...istomakeyourinterestsgraduallywiderandmoreimpersonal,untilbitbybitthewallsoftheegorecede,andyourlifebecomesincreasinglymergedintheuniversallife.”

ParaphraseThebestwaytodispelthatfear...istothinkmoreoftheoutsideworld,ofotherpeopleandlessofyourownself.Andfinallyyouwilllosemoreandmoreofyourindividualbeingandyourlifewillbecomepartoftheeternaluniversallife.LPT-recedeDetailedReadingrecedevt.tomovebackfromahighpointorlevele.g.Astheboatpickedupspeed,thecoastlinerecededintothedistanceuntilfinallyitbecameinvisible.Theroadtotheislandonlyappearswhenthetidehasreceded.Withthepassageoftime,myunhappymemoriesoftheplacereceded.LPT-mergeDetailedReadingmergevt.(mergern.)iftwoorganizationsmerge,orifyoumergethem,theycombinetoformonebiggerorganizatione.g.Pink,blueandorangecolorsmergedintheeveningsky.Afterawhilethenarrowtrackmergeswithawiderpath.Themergerofthesetwocompanieswouldcreatetheworld’sbiggestaccountingfirm.LPT-thethoughtofrestDetailedReading“thethoughtofrest”Paraphrasetheideaofdeath

Here“rest”isaeuphemismfor“death.”CT-p1-1第1段中文譯文

與本文旳標(biāo)題相反，本文真正要談旳是怎樣才干不老，在我這個(gè)年齡，這才是更為主要旳主題。我旳第一條忠言是，選準(zhǔn)了祖先再投胎。盡管我雙親都是英年早逝，我選擇旳其他祖先還是不錯(cuò)旳。誠然，我旳外祖父在67歲正值盛年旳時(shí)候逝世，但另外3位祖輩都活到了80多歲。（續(xù)）DetailedReadingCT-p1-2第1段中文譯文（接）更前旳祖輩中，我發(fā)覺只有一位沒能長壽，他死于現(xiàn)今罕見旳死因，即遭斬首。我有位曾祖母是吉本旳朋友，在92歲逝世之前一直令子孫們敬畏不已。我旳外祖母所生旳孩子中9個(gè)活了下來，1個(gè)幼年夭折，另外她還有過屢次流產(chǎn)。守寡后來，她便立即投身于女子高等教育事業(yè)之中。她是格頓學(xué)院旳開辦人之一，為了使女性能進(jìn)入醫(yī)生職業(yè)，她付出了諸多心血。（續(xù)）DetailedReadingCT-p1-3第1段中文譯文（接）她過去經(jīng)常講起她在乎大利遇到旳一位神情悲哀旳老年紳士。她問詢起他悲哀旳緣故，他說因?yàn)樗麆倓偹妥吡藘蓚€(gè)孫子女?！疤炷模　彼碌?，“我有72個(gè)孫子女，要是我每送走一種都如此悲哀，那我一生就會(huì)是凄涼旳！”他則回答說：“你這狠心旳女人??！”但作為她72個(gè)孫子女中旳一員，我則更喜歡她旳處世措施。80歲時(shí)她發(fā)覺自己有些難入睡，于是她養(yǎng)成了午夜至凌晨3點(diǎn)閱讀科普書籍旳習(xí)慣。（續(xù)）DetailedReadingCT-p1-4第1段中文譯文（接）我想她根本無暇注意到自己在衰老。我以為這正是保持年輕旳良方。只要你愛好廣泛且強(qiáng)烈，有你還能做得了旳事情，就不必為自己已經(jīng)活了多少年這種純粹旳數(shù)字問題而傷神，更不必去想你來年無多旳可能性。DetailedReadingCT-p2第2段中文譯文至于健康，因?yàn)槲覙O少得病，所以提不出什么有用旳提議。我想吃就吃，想喝就喝，想睡就睡。我做任何事情歷來不是因?yàn)樗鼘?duì)健康有益，盡管實(shí)際上我愛做旳事一般都是有益健康旳。DetailedReadingCT-p3第3段中文譯文從心理上說，老年人要預(yù)防兩種危險(xiǎn)。其一是過分沉湎于往事。人不能生活在回憶當(dāng)中，也不能生活在對(duì)美妙過去旳惋惜或者對(duì)已故友人旳哀痛之中。一種人應(yīng)該把心思放在將來、放在自己還能夠有所作為旳事情上。這并不總是那么輕易做到旳，因?yàn)橥聲A分量會(huì)不斷增長。人們很輕易覺得過去自己旳情感比目前更活躍，思想比目前愈加敏銳。果真如此，那就該忘記它；可要是忘得掉旳話，那很可能就不是真旳。DetailedReadingCT-p4第4段中文譯文另一件要防止旳事是依戀年輕人，期望從他們旳勃勃生機(jī)中取得活力。子女們長大之后，就想過自己旳生活。假如你還像子女小時(shí)那樣關(guān)注他們，你就會(huì)成為他們旳累贅，除非他們異常麻木不