山東省濟(jì)南市章丘區(qū)章丘市第四中學(xué)2024年高三第四次適應(yīng)性訓(xùn)練英語(yǔ)試題含解析

山東省濟(jì)南市章丘區(qū)章丘市第四中學(xué)2024年高三第四次適應(yīng)性訓(xùn)練英語(yǔ)試題注意事項(xiàng)：1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。2．回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑，如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上，寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。3．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1．Despitetheobviousprivacyconcerns,theuseoffacial-recognitiontechnologyis________atsomepublicplaces.A．outofdangerB．ontherunC．outofsightD．ontherise2．Thefarmersareinbadneedofrain,buta(an)largeamountofrainfallwillcauseFloods.A．Eventually B．constantly C．gradually D．extremely3．Thegoal,whichtheyareunlikelytolivetosee,isto“cure,preventormanagealldiseases”inthenext80orsoyears.A．a(chǎn)ccomplish B．a(chǎn)ccomplishedC．a(chǎn)ccomplishing D．beingaccomplished4．Theordinarypeoplealllookattheintelligentmanwithadmirationbecauseundernocircumstances________tocopewithemergencies.A．hewillfailB．ishefailingC．heisfailingD．willhefail5．Oursocietywouldbebetteroffbutforthefactthattheeconomy________bythecurrentglobalfinancialcrisis.A．hadbeenaffected B．wereaffectedC．shouldbeaffected D．isaffected6．Afterstudyinginamedicalcollegeforfiveyears,Jane______herjobasadoctorinthecountryside.A．setout B．tookover C．tookup D．setup7．Thebusinessmanstudiedthemarketinhishometowntofindthe____forinvestment.A．potential B．reservation C．criterion D．a(chǎn)llowance8．I’mtiredout．Istayedupthewholenight,______formymidtermmathexam．A．studying B．tostudy C．tobestudying D．studied9．Therisinghousepriceandthehighincometaxratehavebecomethebiggest______oftheordinarypeopleinChinatoday． A.concern B.influence C.involvement D.occupation10．—Lindahasn’tshownupyet.—It’sstrange.She____.A．could B．might C．musthave D．shouldhave11．－Thezookeeperwasreallyannoyedwithme.－Howcouldhehavebeenifyou____stonesattheanimals?A．didn’tthrow B．don’tthrowC．hadn’tthrown D．haven’tthrown12．Howdidshelosesomuchweightasexpected？_____________eatingless，shejoggedforseveralmileseveryday.A．Inadditionto B．InspiteofC．Insteadof D．Thanksto13．AmericansingerTaylorSwift,21,________bigatthe2011AcademyofCountryMusicAwardsintheUSonApril3rd.A．stood B．gave C．scored D．made14．Please________yourashesbeforeitfailsonthecarpet.A．cutoff B．knockoffC．getoff D．dropoff15．_______naturallybytheskinwhenexposedtosunlight,VitaminDisneededforhealthybones,teethandmuscles.A．Making B．TomakeC．Made D．Make16．Theworld’sleadingthinkersandpolicymakersexaminewhat’scomeapartinthepastyear,andwhatwilldefinetheyearahead,A．evaluateB．innovateC．a(chǎn)nticipateD．regulate17．Likeallparentsintheworld，wewantyoutogrowupinaworld__________isfullofloveandkindness.A．where B．thatC．when D．what18．AlanseemsalottallerthanwhenIlastsawhim.He.He’sgrownafootsinceyousawhiminShanghai.A．is B．willbeC．hasbeen D．was19．Themanagerofthefactorywantstoimproveproductionagreatdeal,buthedoesn’tspendmuchontechnology.Iamafraidhewon’trealizehisdream.Youknow________.A．youcan’teatyourcakeandhaveit B．emptyvesselsmakethegreatestsoundC．enoughisasgoodasafeast D．twoheadsarebetterthanone20．TheBrownsheld_______theycalled“familyday”onceeachyear.A．that B．what C．which D．when第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。21．（6分）ThomasCheathamhadplannedtostudyLatinduringhistimeatHebronHighSchoolinTexas.ButwhenhelearnedthattheschooldistrictwasgoingtoofferaMandarin(普通話)class,hequicklychangedhismind.“IthoughtMandarinwouldbemorebeneficialthanLatin,”saidCheatham,whoisnowinhissecondyearofstudyingthelanguage.HespeaksMandarintoorderfoodatChineserestaurantsandcanreadsocialmediapostsfromhisChinese-speakingfriends.Whileit’sadifficultlanguagetomaster,thehighschooljunior,whoplanstostudycomputerengineering,thinksitwillbeimportantforhiscareer.“Chineseisagoodlanguagetoknow,especiallywithChinabecomingagrowingpower,”hesaid.Manyexpertsagreethatproficiency(熟練)inalanguagespokenbyabillionpeopleworldwidewillgiveAmericanstudentsanedgeintheglobaleconomy.“PeoplearelookingatChinaasournexteconomiccompetitor,andinterestinMandarinisgrowingfast,”saidMartyAbbott,directoroftheAmericanCouncil(議會(huì))ontheTeachingofForeignLanguages.“We’reseeingitinallpartsofthecountry.”Abbottpredictsthatasmanyas100,000studentsarenowstudyingMandarininpublicandprivateschoolsthroughouttheUS.ShesaidtheUSgovernmenthasdesignated(指定)Mandarinasan“importantneeds”languageandprovidesprofessionaldevelopmentprogramsforteachers.“Ourgovernmentwantstoincreaseourlanguageabilityfornationalsecurityandeconomiccompetitiveness,”Abbottadded.Atthesametime,theChinesegovernmentisspreadingknowledgeoftheChineselanguageandculturethroughConfuciusInstitutessetupinmanyUSstates.Forexample,theConfuciusInstituteattheUniversityofTexasinDallashasbeenthehomeofaConfuciusInstitutefor10years.ItsponsorsConfuciusClassroomsat21localpublicandprivateschools,wheretensofthousandsofstudentsarelearningMandarin.1、WhydidThomasCheathamdecidetostudyMandarininsteadofLatin?A．MandarinwaseasiertolearnthanLatin.B．Mandarincouldbehelpfultohisfuturecareer.C．MandarinmighthelphimlearnmoreaboutChina.D．Mandarincouldenablehimtostudycomputerengineering.2、Theunderlinedword“edge”inParagraph4probablymeans“________”.A．a(chǎn)slightadvantage B．theoutsidelimitC．a(chǎn)sharptoneofvoice D．a(chǎn)nexcitingquality3、WhichofthefollowingstatementsmightMartyAbbottagreewith?A．MandarinshouldbetaughtinclassroomsthroughouttheUS.B．ThoseskilledatChinesewillbethemostcompetitiveinthefuture.C．TheUSgovernment’spolicyhashelpedpopularizeMandarinintheUS.D．AmericanslearnMandarinbecausetheyworryabouttheirnationalsecurity.4、Whatdoestheauthormainlytalkaboutinthispassage?A．TherisingpopularityofMandarinamongAmericanstudents.B．ThegreatbenefitsoflearningMandarinforAmericanstudents.C．TheinfluenceofChina’sgrowingpoweronAmericaneducation.D．TheeffectofConfuciusInstitutesinpromotingMandarinintheUS.22．（8分）DepressionandsuicidalthoughtshavedoubledinyoungAmericans,accordingtoanewstudyfromtheAmericanPsychologicalAssociation.Likelytriggers?Cellphonesandsocialmedia.“MoreUSadolescentsandyoungadultsinthelate2010s,vsthemid-2000s,experiencedseriouspsychologicaldistress,majordepressionandmoreattemptedsuicide(自殺)”,saysleadresearcherJeanTwenge,professorofpsychologyatSanDiegoStateUniversity.“Thesetrendsareweakornon-existentamongadults26yearsandover,suggestingagenerationalshiftinmooddisordersinsteadofanoverallincreaseacrossallages.”Twengebelievesthistrendispartiallyduetotheexplosionofdigitalcultureoverthepastdecade,whichmayhavetwistedmodesofsocialinteractionenoughtoaffectmooddisorders.ThestudyanalyzeddatafromtheNationalSurveyonDrugUseandHealth,whichtrackeddrugandalcoholuseandmentalhealthissuesinmorethan200,000youthsaged12to3from2005to203andalmost400,000adultsfrom2008to203.Majordepressioninthelast12monthsincreasedby52percentinkidsfrom2005to203and63percentinyoungadultsaged4to25from2009to203.Therewasalsoa71percentjumpinyoungadultsexperiencingseriouspsychologicaldistressintheprevious30daysfrom2008to203.Sowhat’ssodifferentnow?Twengesaysresearchshowsyoungpeoplejustaren’tgettingasmuchshuteyeastheydidinpreviousgenerations.WhereasolderAmericansmighthaveestablishedmorestabilityintheirlives,sleep-disruptingsocialstressorsarelikelyattheirpeakforteensandyoungadultsinthisdigitalera,shesays.Olderadultsarealsolesslikelytoletdevicesinterfere(干預(yù))withsleep.Theseresultssuggestaneedformoreresearchtounderstandhowdigitalcommunicationversusface-to-facesocialinteractioninfluencesmooddisordersandtodevelopspecializedinterventionsforyoungeragegroups.Hersuggestion?Putyourphonedownatleastanhourbeforebedtime.1、HowisParagraph6developed?A．Bystatingfacts. B．Bygivingexamples.C．Byprovidingstatistics. D．Bypresentingtheories.2、WhatmightProfessorTwengeagreewith?A．Mooddisordersshownodifferenceacrossallages.B．Teensarelesslikelytoletdevicesinterferewithsleep.C．Digitalculturalexplosionmightcausedepressioninteens.D．Thepastdecadehasseenasharpdecreaseinteensmentaldisorders.3、Whatdotheunderlinedwords“socialstressors”inPara8mean?A．Interactionmodes. B．Mentalhealthissues.C．Drugandalcoholuse. D．Cellphonesandsocialmedia.4、Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A．Abiologytextbook. B．Asciencemagazine.C．Atravelguidebook. D．Amedicalcase.23．（8分）TheIslandRuleisoneofthebestexplanationsscientistscouldgivetotheobservablephenomenonthatanimalsandhumanshaveevolved(演變)dependingontheresourcesavailableintheirhabitat(棲息地).Throughtime,scientistshavenoticedthroughfossil(化石)recordsthatsomelargeanimalsfrommainlandhabitatshavedwarf(矮小的)versionsinblandhabitats.AreportfromBBCdescribedtheexistenceofwhatscientistscall“hobbitisland”offasmallislandsomewhereinIndonesia.Itwasgivensuchanamebecausefossilrecordsoftiny,humanlikecreatureshavebeenfoundintheregion.Whattheycalledas“hobbits”or“HomoFloresiensis”,areonlyastallasonemeterandarcsmallversionsofearlyhumanspecieswithtinierbrains.Thoughscientistscannotperfectlytracetheoriginofthe“HomoFloriensis”,theybelievethattheyarchumanrelatives,butitisthe“islandlife”thathascausedthemtoevolveastheyhave.Scientistshavenoticedthroughfossilrecordsandexistingorganisms(有機(jī)體)todaythatitseemsiflargeanimalsgrowsmallinislandswhilesmallanimalsgrowlargeinlargerislands.Intheory,animalandhumanbodieshaveadjustedtotheavailablefoodandfreshwaterintheirhabitats.Sincethereisnoopportunityforthemtoleavetheirisland,theymightaswelladapt.NewYorkMagazineexplainedthatislandsusuallyhavefewerpredators(捕食者)thanmainlandecosystems.However,itisthelackofresourcesthatcausethedeathofmanyanimals.Asameansofnaturaladaptation,thebodiesoftheseanimalshaveevolvedsmallerthantheirancestors,makingtheirbodiesrequirefewerresources.AreportfromWebEcoistlisteddownafewexamplesofanimalsthathaveshrunksignificantlycomparedwiththeirancestors.SomeoftheseincludetheBalitigerassmallasleopards(豹).1、Howdidthename“hobbitisland”comefrom?A．Scientistsdiscovereddwarfpeoplelivingontheisland.B．Onemetertallhumanbeingmadealivingontheseislands.C．Scientistsfoundhumanspecieswithtinierbrainsonanisland.D．Evidencesshowingtiny,human-likecreaturesontheislandwerefound.2、Whatdoyouknowabout“HomoFloricnsis”?A．TheyusedtoonlylivesomewhereinIndonesia.B．Theyweretheearliestancestorofhumanbeings.C．Theylooksmallcomparedwithnormalhumans.D．Theygraduallygrewlargeronthelargerislands.3、AccordingtoNewYorkMagazine,.A．a(chǎn)nimalsonislandlackenoughfoodtoliveonB．manyanimalsdiedofffornoapparentreasonC．toomanypredatorswilldodamagetotheecosystemD．predatorsmakeislandanimalsturnsmaller4、Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A．Morepredatorscanhelpanimalsgrowstrongerandlarger.B．Balitigerturnssmallbecauseofadaptationtotheenvironment.C．Morefoodresourcesshouldbeprovidedloislands.D．Animalsonmainlandarcfiercerthanthoseonislands.24．（8分）OnRemembranceDaymembersofthearmedforces(soldiers,sailorsandairmen)arecommemorated(紀(jì)念).TheothercommonnameforthisdayisArmisticeDaywhichmarksthedateandtimewhenarmiesstoppedfightingWorldWarⅠ,onNovember11that11amin1918(theeleventhhouroftheeleventhdayoftheeleventhmonth).Some100,000CanadiansoldiersdiedintheFirstandSecondWorldWars.InCanada,RemembranceDayisafederalstatutory(法定的)holiday—withanotableexceptionofNovaScotia,NorthwestTerritories,OntarioandQuebec—asitisinmanyothercountriesintheworldwherethisdayisobservedonthenationallevel.AllgovernmentbuildingsflytheCanadianflagthisdayandpeoplerememberthosewhofoughtforCanadaduringatwo-minutesilenceat11am.ManypeoplewearpoppiesbeforeandonRemembranceDaytoshowtheirrespectandsupportforCanadiantroops.Poppiesaregenerallyhandedoutfreebutoftenavoluntarydonationisgiveninexchange.IntheUnitedStatesthisdayiscalledVeterans’DayandisalsoobservedonNovember11th.ShouldRemembranceDaybeastateholidayineveryprovince?Wecontinuetoreceivelotsofmessagesfrompeoplealloverthecountrywhoareoutraged(氣憤的)whyRemembranceDayisnotastateholidayeverywhereinCanada.Indeed,itwouldmakesensetomakethisastateholidayineveryprovinceandterritory—eveninOntario.Butnoteveryoneagrees.Sendusyourthoughtsaboutthisissueinthecommentareanearthebottomofthispage.RecentlywereceivedacommentfromJasonandwouldliketopostitonthispagebecausewethinkthatJasonmakesaverygoodpointinhismessage:“PleaseDONOTmakeRemembranceDayastatutoryholidayinOntario.FamilyDayisamuchmoreappreciatedbreakforfamiliesintheheartofthelongcolddepressingwinter.RemembranceDayisbetterobservedinaceremonyatyourschool,communitycentreorplaceofwork.”1、WhatcanbelearnedaboutRemembranceDay?A．ItwasestablishedonNovember11th,1918.B．ItisalsoreferredtoasArmisticeDay.C．ItisnotobservedonthesamedayasVeterans’Day.D．ItisheldinmemoryofAmericansoldiersthatdiedintwoworldwars.2、WhatusuallytakeplacetomarkRemembranceDayinCanada?A．TheCanadianflagwillappearonallbuildings.B．Peopleholdatwo-minutesilenceat12am.C．Allpeoplewearpoppiesjustontheday.D．Poppiesareoftenofferedinexchangeforsomedonation.3、WhyisJason’scommentpostedbasedonthetext?A．Thereissomethinginwhathesaidabouttheissue.B．NoteveryoneagreestohaveRemembranceDay.C．Tocollectpeople’sdifferentviewsontheissue.D．ToshowFamilyDayisappreciatedinOntario.4、Whereisthispassagemostlikelytakenfrom?A．TheInternet.B．Themagazine.C．Thenewspaper.D．Thehistorybook.25．（10分）Oumuamua,anobjectthroughspacethatwasdiscoveredonOctober19th,hasalreadymadehistory.Thespeedatwhichitismovingrelativetothesunmeansthatitcannotbenativetothesolarsystem.ItsofficialnameisthusII/2017UI,withthe“I”standingfor“interstellar(星際)”—thefirsttimethisnamehaseverbeenused.Thatisexciting.Somescientists,though,entertainanevenmoreexcitingpossibility:whatifOumuamuaisnotanasteroid(小行星),asmostthink,butanalien(外星的)spacecraft?Asteroidscomeinllsortsofshapesandsizes,butOumuamuaseemsparticularlydifferent.Asbestasastronomerscantell,itiscigarlike,beingroughly180meterslongbutonlyabout30meterswide.Thatmakesitlongerthananythingknownofinthesolarsystem.Suchashapewouldbeasensiblechoiceforaspaceship,sinceitwouldminimizethescouring(沖刷)effectofinterstellardust.WiththatinmindtheBreakthroughListenproject,anorganizationaimedathuntingforalienlife,planstoturntheworld’sbiggestradiotelescope,theGreenBankinstrumentinVirginia,towardsOumuamuatoseeifitcanhearanythinginteresting.OumuamuaiscurrentlyabouttwiceasfarfromEarthasEarthisfromthesun.Atthatrange,thetelescopeshouldbesensitiveenoughtopickupatransmitteraboutaspowerfulasamobilephoneafterjustafewseconds—worthyofobservations.Willitfindanything?Almostcertainlynot.Oumuamuahasthesamereddishcolorasmanyasasteroids,soprobablyhasasimilarcomposition.And,ifitreallyisaspaceship,itisstrangethatsignsofitsartificialoriginhavenotbeenseenalready.Itcould,intheory,beaderelict(遺棄星球).Butinthatcasethetelescopeisunlikelytohearanything.Byfarthemostlikelyoptionisthatitisexactlywhatitseemstobe:ahugespacerock,onethathascometothesolarsystemfromthevastspacebetweenthestars.1、WhatmakessomescientiststhinkOumuamuaispossiblyanalienspacecraft?A．Itssize.B．Itscolor.C．Itsshape.D．Itsspeed.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inthethirdparagraphprobablymean?A．Theresearchintothesolarsystem.B．Thepurposeofhuntingforalienlife.C．TheeffectofinterstellardustonOumuamua.D．ThepossibilityofOumuamuabeingaspaceship.3、WhatisOumuamuamostlikelytobeaccordingtotheauthor?A．Anasteroid.B．Aspacerock.C．Interstellardust.D．Analienspacecraft.4、Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat__________.A．Oumuamuawillreturntowhereit’sfromsoonB．Oumuamua’srealidentityremainstobefoundoutC．a(chǎn)stronomershavenotseensignsofOumuamua’sartificialoriginD．theGreenBanktelescopehasalreadyheardsomethingfromOumuamua第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)．26．（30分）Therearemanytaxidriversinourcity．Theyoftenliketochatwithpassengersto1timewhenthetaxisarecaughtintrafficjams．Theotherday，Iwenthomebytaxi．KnowingIwasastudent，thedrivertoldmethathewasonceastudenttwentyyearsago．2，hisfamilycouldnotaffordtheschoolfees，sohedroppedoutofschoolatanearlyage．He3metoworkhardandgotoagoodcollege．Iwasmovedbyhiskindness，butwhatreallyimpressedmenextwashis4．Afterarrivinghome，IsoonrealizedthatIhad5mycellphoneinthetaxi．Greatlyworried，Iimmediatelycalledmynumber，6thedriverwouldanswer．Thencamethedriver's7fromtlleotherend．Hetoldmehehadbeen8mycallandthathewouldgladlyreturnmyphonewherehedroppedmeoffearlierthatday．Thankstothedriver，Igotmyphone9．Ibelievehonestyisoneofthegreatest10apersonshouldhave．Thankyoueversomuch，Mr．Taxidriver．1、A．have B．kill C．spend D．1ive2、A．Unfortunately B．Unusually C．Absolutely D．Accurately3、A．persuaded B．ordered C．required D．encouraged4、A．modesty B．a(chǎn)bility C．honesty D．security5、A．forgotten B．placed C．left D．dropped6、A．begging B．praying C．thinking D．saying7、A．whisper B．noise C．sound D．voice8、A．making B．expecting C．refusing D．fearing9、A．over B．through C．back D．a(chǎn)cross10、A．a(chǎn)dvantages B．a(chǎn)chievements C．qualities D．images第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。27．（15分）Chrisisnotatraditionalexplorer—heusually1．(work)inanofficeforalargeorganization.However,Chris'jobcanbejust2．excitinganddangerousasbeinganexplorer.ChrisisadoctorfromFranceandheworksforMSF,3．isalsoknownasDoctorsWithoutBorders.MSFsendsitsdoctorsallovertheworld4．(help)peopleafterawaroradisaster.TheorganizationreceivedtheNobelPeacePrizein1999.Atthemoment,thereareover27,000traineddoctorstakingpartinMSFprojectsandtasks.

Thisyear,morethan2300internationaldoctorswilljoin5．(they)toprovidemedicalhelparoundtheworld.AllkindsofdoctorscanvolunteerforMSF.Theyneedtobe6．(prepare)togoalmostanywhereand,ofcourse,theyshouldexpectdifficultconditions.WhenMSFacceptsadoctorforatask,hehastogofor7．leastsixmonths.When8．(ask)whyheleftacomfortablelifeandagoodsalarytojoinMSF,Chrissaid,“TheexperienceIgainisagreathelpinmycareer.More9．(important),itisgreattoknowattheendofeachtaskthatIhavemadeareal10．(different)topeople’slives.”第四部分寫(xiě)作（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（滿分10分）28．（10分）假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（＼）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。注意：1、每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞。2、只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。WangLeiandIareneighboursandwegotothesameschool、Wehavebeengoodfriendsincechildhoodandhaveagreatdealtosharewit