2022屆廣東省普通高等學(xué)校模擬押題卷（三）英語(yǔ)試題（ 含答案解析 ）

第1頁(yè)/共1頁(yè)2022屆廣東省普通高等學(xué)校模擬押題卷英語(yǔ)(三)注意事項(xiàng)：1.本試卷滿分120分，考試用時(shí)100分鐘。2.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。3.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。4.考試結(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AHerearesomewonderfulthingstodothisweek.APowerStationR&BbandTowerofPowercomestoMeadowEventParkaspartoftheAfterHoursconcertseriesthisweek.TheyhavemadetheirmarkoveralongcareerbyworkingwithmusicianssuchasAaronNeville,EltonJohnandStevieNicks,andbysingingsongsoftheirownsuchasWhatIsHip?andYou’reStillaYoungMan.Thebandperformsat6pmonAugust17.Ticketsare$21to$59.WhistleStopTheworld-famousHarlemGlobetrottersbringtheiramazingperformancetoVirginiaStateUniversityat7pmonAugust18.Theteampopularizedthejumpshot,slamdunkandinventedthehalf-courthookshot.Theirstyleandathleticismhaveamazedfansforover95years.Achancetoseethisteamissomethingyouwon’twanttomiss.UndeadorAliveFirehouseTheatrepresentsTheZombie(僵尸)LifeonAugust16—20.Theproductionlookslikeaself-helpseminar(研討會(huì)),whereakindtherapistoffersasolutionforlife’stroublesbyturningpeopleintozombies.TheplayisanoriginalworkwrittenbyChrisGavaler,anassociateprofessorofEnglishfromWashington&LeeUniversity.Theshowrunsforeightperformances,andticketsare$33.BackatTheByrdTheByrdTheatrescreensthe1952comedySingin’intheRainat8pmonThursday,August19.ThefilmstarsGeneKelly,DonaldO’Connor,andCarrieFisher’smom,DebbieReynolds,withrealsinginganddancing.At10amonAugust21,anothercomedy,Pee-Wee’sBigAdventure(1985),directedbyTimBurton,willbeshown.Youarewelcome!1.Whichofthefollowingisthemostattractivetomusiclovers?A.WhistleStop. B.APowerStation.C.BackatTheByrd. D.UndeadorAlive.2.Wherecanpeoplewatchasportsshow?A.AttheByrdTheatre. B.AtFirehouseTheatre.C.AtMeadowEventPark. D.AtVirginiaStateUniversity.3.WhatisaccessibletopeopleonSaturday?A.Aninterestingmovie. B.Aself-helpseminar.C.Anexcitingconcert. D.Abasketballmatch.【答案】1.B2.D3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了四個(gè)精彩的活動(dòng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)APowerStation介紹中的“R&BbandTowerofPowercomestoMeadowEventParkaspartoftheAfterHoursconcertseriesthisweek.TheyhavemadetheirmarkoveralongcareerbyworkingwithmusicianssuchasAaronNeville,EltonJohnandStevieNicks,andbysingingsongsoftheirownsuchasWhatIsHip?andYou’reStillaYoungMan.(本周，R&B樂(lè)隊(duì)TowerofPower來(lái)到MeadowEventPark，作為AfterHours系列音樂(lè)會(huì)的一部分。他們通過(guò)與Neville，EltonJohn和StevieNicks等音樂(lè)家合作，并通過(guò)演唱自己的歌曲，在漫長(zhǎng)的職業(yè)生涯中留下了自己的印記)”可知，該樂(lè)隊(duì)與一些音樂(lè)家合作，且TowerofPower樂(lè)隊(duì)將在活動(dòng)中獻(xiàn)唱，所以該活動(dòng)最吸引音樂(lè)愛好者。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WhistleStop介紹中的“Theworld-famousHarlemGlobetrottersbringtheiramazingperformancetoVirginiaStateUniversityat7pmonAugust18.Theteampopularizedthejumpshot,slamdunkandinventedthehalf-courthookshot.Theirstyleandathleticism…(8月18日晚7點(diǎn)，世界著名的哈萊姆環(huán)球旅行者隊(duì)在弗吉尼亞州立大學(xué)帶來(lái)了精彩的表演。球隊(duì)推廣了跳投、扣籃，發(fā)明了半場(chǎng)勾手投籃。他們的風(fēng)格和運(yùn)動(dòng)能力……)”可知，在弗吉尼亞州立大學(xué)可觀看到體育表演。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“onThursday,August19(8月19日，周四)”可知，周六是8月21日；再根據(jù)最后一段中“At10amonAugust21,anothercomedy,Pee-Wee’sBigAdventure(1985),directedbyTimBurton,willbeshown.(8月21日上午10點(diǎn)，由TimBurton執(zhí)導(dǎo)的另一部喜劇Pee-Wee’sBigAdventure（1985）將上映)”可知，周六人們可以觀看一部喜劇電影，故選A。BThankstohoursoftraining,gymnastsseemtoeffortlesslyflythroughtheairatimpossibleheights.However,apsychologicalcondition,knownas“thetwisties”,canaffecteventhemostexperiencedgymnast.Thecondition,resultingfromstress,causesathletestoloseawarenesswhilethey’reinthemiddleofaroutine.Itcanleadtoseriousinjury.ForSimoneBiles,thetwistiesappearedwhilecompetinginthevault(跳馬)attheTokyo2020artisticgymnasticsteamfinalsonJuly27,2021.BileshadplannedonperforminganAmanar,achallengingroutinethatrequirestwo-and-a-halftwistsintheair.Instead,shecompletedonlyone-and-a-halftwists.LaterBilesexplainedhercondition,“ActuallyIcannottellupfromdown.It’sthecraziestfeelingever.Nothavinganinchofcontroloveryourbody.”O(jiān)verthenextweek,Bilesstoppedtakingpartinfiveofthesixfinalsshe’dspentfouryearstrainingtocompetein.OnAugust3,2021,shefeltstrongenoughtocompeteinherlastindividualevent—thebalancebeam,andwonabronzemedal.Whilefightingheremotionaldisorder,Bilesremainedastrugglingcheerleaderforherteammates.Theyweren’tdisillusionary.Afterwinningasilvermedalintheartisticgymnasticsteamfinal,theyalsogotgoodresultsintheirseparateindividualevents.JadeCareytookhomethegoldintheindividualfloorexercise,whileSuniLeeplacedfirstinthegymnasticsall-aroundevent.Biles’decisiontoputherhealthfirsthasbeenwelcomedbypeopleworldwide.“Attheendoftheday,we’renotjustathletes,”Bilessaid.“We’rehuman,too,andwehaverealemotions,andsometimespeopledon’trealizethatwehavethingsgoingonbehindthescenesthataffectuswheneverwegooutandcompete.”4.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph1?A.Startatopic. B.Presentafact.C.Makeaprediction. D.Explainaconcept.5.WhatcanbeinferredaboutSimoneBilesinthefinalofthevault?A.Sheinjuredhereyes. B.Shekeptherbalance.C.Shewasunderalotofpressure. D.Shedidlessskilledmovements.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“disillusionary”inparagraph4mean?A.Active. B.Lazy. C.Disappointing. D.Surprising.7.WhatmakesthepublicpraiseSimoneBiles?A.Herattitudestocompetitions.B.Hergreateffortsintraining.C.Herspiritofnevergivingup.D.HerachievementsattheOlympics.【答案】4.D5.C6.C7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了體操運(yùn)動(dòng)員SimoneBiles因出現(xiàn)“空中失感”而在東京奧運(yùn)會(huì)上放棄了大部分比賽?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“However,apsychologicalcondition,knownas“thetwisties”,canaffecteventhemostexperiencedgymnast.Thecondition,resultingfromstress,causesathletestoloseawarenesswhilethey’reinthemiddleofaroutine.Itcanleadtoseriousinjury.(然而，一種被稱為“空中失感”的心理狀況，即使是最有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的體操運(yùn)動(dòng)員也會(huì)受到影響。這種情況是由壓力引起的，會(huì)導(dǎo)致運(yùn)動(dòng)員在常規(guī)訓(xùn)練中失去意識(shí)。它會(huì)導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的傷害)”可知，作者在第一段解釋了一個(gè)概念——空中失感。給選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“ForSimoneBiles,thetwistiesappearedwhilecompetinginthevault(跳馬)attheTokyo2020artisticgymnasticsteamfinalsonJuly27,2021.(SimoneBiles在2021年7月27日參加2020年?yáng)|京藝術(shù)體操隊(duì)決賽時(shí)出現(xiàn)了這種空中失感。)”和第一段中“Thecondition,resultingfromstress(這種情況，是由壓力引起的)”可知，SimoneBiles當(dāng)時(shí)壓力很大。故選C。【6題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上文“Whilefightingheremotionaldisorder,Bilesremainedastrugglingcheerleaderforherteammates.(在與她的情緒障礙作斗爭(zhēng)的同時(shí)，Biles仍然是她的隊(duì)友們努力的啦啦隊(duì)長(zhǎng))”可知，上文說(shuō)Biles努力為她的隊(duì)友們加油鼓勁；根據(jù)下文“Afterwinningasilvermedalintheartisticgymnasticsteamfinal,theyalsogotgoodresultsintheirseparateindividualevents.(在藝術(shù)體操團(tuán)體決賽中獲得銀牌后，他們?cè)趥€(gè)人項(xiàng)目中也取得了不錯(cuò)的成績(jī))”可知，下文說(shuō)隊(duì)友們都取得了好成績(jī)，因此，畫線詞所在句的意思是“她們(隊(duì)友們)沒(méi)有令人失望”。disillusionary意為“令人失望的”，和disappointing意思接近。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Biles’decisiontoputherhealthfirsthasbeenwelcomedbypeopleworldwide.“Attheendoftheday,we’renotjustathletes,”Bilessaid.“We’rehuman,too,andwehaverealemotions,andsometimespeopledon’trealizethatwehavethingsgoingonbehindthescenesthataffectuswheneverwegooutandcompete.”(Biles將健康放在首位的決定受到了全世界人民的歡迎?！皻w根結(jié)底，我們不僅僅是運(yùn)動(dòng)員，”拜爾斯說(shuō)?！拔覀円彩侨?，我們有真實(shí)的情感，有時(shí)人們沒(méi)有意識(shí)到，每當(dāng)我們走出去參加比賽時(shí)，在幕后發(fā)生的事情都會(huì)影響到我們?！?”可知，Biles對(duì)待比賽的態(tài)度贏得了公眾的贊揚(yáng)。故選A。CPlantshavebeenessentialtohumanssincethebeginningoftime.Theirbeautyinspiresjoyandmanyhavehealingfunctions.Now,arecentstudyhasidentifiedasuperplantthatcleanspollutedair.Notingthatcarpollutionisaglobalconcern,researcherssetouttostudyhoweffectiveplantsareatcatchingroadsideparticulates(顆粒),whichcausemanyhealthproblems.ThescientistsattheRoyalHorticulturalSociety(RHS)intheUKchosethecityofReadingtostudyhoweffectiveplantsareatcatchingthem.Sincepreviousresearchhasshownthattreeshelpremoveairpollution,researchersdecidedtoexploretheeffectivenessofhedges(樹籬).Thisstudylookedatthreespecies:hawthorn,westernredcedar,andfranchet’scotoneaster(栒子).Researchersdiscoveredthatcotoneasterwasthemosteffectiveaftercomparingparticulatesonleavesofthesethreeplants.Thisisduetotheplant’shairy,complexleafstructure.Researchersalsofoundthatthickhedgesoversixfeethighwerebestinreducingtheconcentrationofparticles.Inthemostheavilytraffickedareas,cotoneastertookin20percentmorepollutionthantheothershrubs,accordingtoTheGuardian.DrTijanaBlanusa,co-authorofthestudy,toldTheGuardian,“Weknowthatinjustsevendaysal-metrelengthofwell-manageddensehedgewillcleanupthesameamountofpollutionthatacaremitsovera500-miledrive.”Blanusahighlyrecommendsplantingcotoneastersalongbusyroads.Thisisgreatnewsforurbanplanners,aswellasgardeners.Althoughmanypeopleareaffectedbyroadsidepollution,anRHSsurveyshowsthatonlysixpercentofgardenerschoosespecificplantsthatmayimproveairquality.OriginallyfromChina,cotoneasterisahardyevergreenthatcantoleratecold.InadditiontogrowinghealthyintheUK,itcangrowstronginareasfromCaliforniauptothePacificNorthwest,intoBritishColumbiaandaroundtheGreatLakes.Thankstothisrecentstudy,cotoneasterhasprovedtobeextremelybeneficial,enablinggardenersandlandscaperstomakeapositivedifferencetotheenvironment.Thehopeisthatoncethesesuperplantsaregrowninurbangardensandonstreets,theywillcleantheairplusprovideintensebeautyalongtheway.8.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Whatplantsbringpeople.B.Whyresearchersdidthestudy.C.Howseriousairpollutionis.D.Whatprogressscientistshavemade.9.Whyiscotoneasterbetteratabsorbingroadsideparticulates?AItsleavesaremadeofmanydifferentparts.B.Itcankeepgreeninbadweatherconditions.C.Ithasasuitableheightforreducingpollution.D.Itsleavesarethickinplaceswithheavytraffic.10.What’sTijanaBlanusa’sattitudetowardstheeffectofcotoneaster?A.Positive. B.Surprised. C.Concerned. D.Doubtful.11.Whatcanwelearnaboutcotoneaster?A.Itrequiresalotofcareinurbanareas.B.Itwillaffectthegrowthofotherspecies.C.Itwillhelpimproveairqualityonceplanted.D.Itcanmakepeoplefeelenergeticalldaylong.【答案】8.B9.A10.A11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了最近的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種能夠凈化被污染空氣的超級(jí)植物?！驹斀狻?.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段中“Notingthatcarpollutionisaglobalconcern,researcherssetouttostudyhoweffectiveplantsareatcatchingroadsideparticulates(顆粒),whichcausemanyhealthproblems.(注意到汽車污染是全球關(guān)注的問(wèn)題，研究人員著手研究植物在捕捉路邊微粒方面的有效性，這些微粒會(huì)導(dǎo)致許多健康問(wèn)題。)”內(nèi)容可知，本段主要介紹了研究人員做這項(xiàng)研究的原因。故選B。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Researchersdiscoveredthatcotoneasterwasthemosteffectiveaftercomparingparticulatesonleavesofthesethreeplants.Thisisduetotheplant’shairy,complexleafstructure.(研究人員比較了這三種植物葉子上的微粒后發(fā)現(xiàn)，栒子是最有效的。這是由于植物的多毛，復(fù)雜的葉子結(jié)構(gòu)。)”可知，栒子在吸收路邊微粒方面更加有效是因?yàn)樗娜~子結(jié)構(gòu)比較復(fù)雜（由許多不同的部分組成的）。故選A。3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中TijanaBlanusa說(shuō)話“Weknowthatinjustsevendaysa1-metrelengthofwell-manageddensehedgewillcleanupthesameamountofpollutionthatacaremitsovera500-miledrive.(我們知道，在短短七天內(nèi)，一公尺長(zhǎng)、管理良好、密集的樹籬就能清理掉相當(dāng)于一輛汽車在500英里行駛過(guò)程中排放的污染物。)”以及該段末句“Blanusahighlyrecommendsplantingcotoneastersalongbusyroads.(Blanusa強(qiáng)烈建議在繁忙的道路上種植植物。)”可知，TjanaBlanusa對(duì)栒子的效果是肯定的。故選A。4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Thehopeisthatoncethesesuperplantsaregrowninurbangardensandonstreets,theywillcleantheairplusprovideintensebeautyalongtheway.(人們希望，一旦這些超級(jí)植物在城市花園和街道上種植，它們將凈化空氣，并在一路上提供強(qiáng)烈的美感。)”可知，一旦種植栒子后，它將幫助改善空氣質(zhì)量。故選C。DLeoTolstoyoncesaid,“Nothingissonecessaryforayoungmanashavinganintelligentwoman.”Intelligenceissowonderful.Itissadtoknowthatsomepeoplethinkthattheyaregood-lookinguntiltheywearmake-up.Theonlythingsomepeoplehaveisfacialvalues.Theylackinnerworth.Itisyourself-worthratherthanyourface-worththatdeterminesyourpersonality.So,trytopaymoreattentiontoyour“brain”thantoyour“face”.Wearelivinginaworldwherebeingnaturalisnolongerfashionable.Manypeoplehavebecomevictimsoftheirownuncontrollableaddictiontomake-up.Somehavespenttoomuchtimein“caking”theirfaces.Manycreativeideashavebeenburiedinmake-upproducts.WilliamShakespearesaidinoneofhisexcellentplaysHamlet,“Godhasgivenyouoneface,andyoumakeyourselfanother.”Peoplearebeautiful,notinlooksbutjustinthewaytheyare.Usingmake-upisgreat,butunreasonableaddictiontoitisrobbingusofourabilitytospendqualitytimeonthethingsthattrulymatter.Beautybeginsthemomentyoudecidetobeyourself.Bybeingyourtrueself,youwillattractpeoplethatarereal.Thesearchforself-worthisnotaskinissue;healthyself-worthbeginsbyfindingwhatcannotbedestroyedinside.Don’truinyournaturalbeautywithtoomuchmake-up.Make-uptimeisnecessaryforpeoplebutshouldnotbemoreimportantthanpersonaldevelopment.Weshouldbecreativeandnotbeaddictedtomake-up.Weshouldfightforhealthybeautystandards.Thereisnothingmoreattractivethanhealthyself-worth.Onceyouseeyourownbeauty,sowilleveryoneelse.Goodlooksandprettyfacesmightattractpeopletous,butvirtueandcharacterwillkeeptherightpeoplearoundus.Wemustfirstdeepenourrelationshipswithourselvesbeforeweentirelyconcentrateonhowwelookinmake-up.Besides,thereismoretolifethangoodlooks.Bybuildingalifestylearoundourvalues,wecancreatealifethatismoresatisfying,meaningful,andfulfilling.12.WhatmessagedoestheauthorconveybysayingShakespeare’swords?A.Peoplearelosingself-confidence.B.Everyoneshouldbehonestwithothers.C.Wearebecomingtoodependentonmake-up.D.Weshouldabandonthecurrentstandardsofbeauty.13.Whatlessoncanwelearnfromparagraphs3and4?A.Heisonlybrightthatshinesbyhimself.B.Goodfameisbetterthanagoodface.C.Characteriswhatyouareinthedark.D.Virtuenevergrowsold.14.Whatplaysakeyroleintruefriendshipsaccordingtotheauthor?A.Goodlooksandhealthylifestyles. B.Goodpersonalitiesandqualities.C.Creativeandtalentedthoughts. D.Acceptedbeautystandards.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthistext?A.SayNotoMake-UpB.SearchforSelf-WorthC.KeepYourNaturalBeautyD.WorkHarderonBrainBeauty【答案】12.C13.A14.B15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇議論文。主要論述了我們?cè)谧⒅刈约和饷驳耐瑫r(shí)，更應(yīng)該注重自身內(nèi)在的價(jià)值?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Manypeoplehavebecomevictimsoftheirownuncontrollableaddictiontomake-up.Somehavespenttoomuchtimein‘caking’theirfaces.(許多人已經(jīng)成為自己無(wú)法控制的化妝成癮的受害者。有些人花了太多時(shí)間在“涂抹”自己的臉上)”可推知，作者用莎士比亞的話來(lái)表明很多人都太過(guò)依賴化妝品的現(xiàn)象。故選C?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Peoplearebeautiful,notinlooksbutjustinthewaytheyare.(人是美麗的，不在于外表，而在于自己)”和第四段中“Beautybeginsthemomentyoudecidetobeyourself.(當(dāng)你決定做自己的時(shí)候，美麗就開始了)”可知，這兩段主要講了美在于內(nèi)在，真正的美是做自己。由此推知，只有自己發(fā)光的人才是美麗的。故選A?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“Goodlooksandprettyfacesmightattractpeopletous,butvirtueandcharacterwillkeeptherightpeoplearoundus.(漂亮的外表可能會(huì)吸引人們，但美德和性格會(huì)讓合適的人留在我們身邊)”可知，友誼中真正重要的是好的性格和品質(zhì)。故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要論述了人不應(yīng)該只注重外在美，更應(yīng)該注重自我價(jià)值的發(fā)掘和實(shí)現(xiàn)，再結(jié)合第一段中“So,trytopaymoreattentiontoyour‘brain’thantoyour‘face’.(所以，試著更多地關(guān)注你的“頭腦”而不是你的“面孔”)”可知，D項(xiàng)“WorkHarderonBrainBeauty(在大腦美麗上多下功夫)”可作為本文的最佳標(biāo)題。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)?！癟oinvent,”ThomasEdisonsaid,“youneedagoodimaginationandapileofjunk.”ColrerdNkosihadallthejunkheneeded,andthewilltobringelectricitytohissmallvillageinMalawi.Asaresult,henotonlyaccomplishedhisgoal,butwonanawardfromtheQueenofEngland.___16___Inthebeginning,heputabicycleintheriverandwonderedhowthecurrentmovedthepedals,andhowitmightbeturnedintopower.Thenheusedanoldrefrigeratorcompressor(壓縮機(jī))topowersixhomes.___17___Finally,usingarecycledcorn-shellingmachinemotorandafast-movingriver,Nkosicreatedanelectricturbine(渦輪機(jī))that’snowlightinguphomesinthetownofMzimbaforfree.Inacountrywhereonly11%ofthepopulationhasaccesstoelectricity,havingareliableandrenewablesourceofenergyhasbeenagame-changer.___18___“Inthepast,wehadtostudybycandlelight,andwhenevertherewasnomoneytobuycandles,wecouldnotstudy,”studentGiftMfunesaid.“Nowthatwehaveaccesstoelectricity,manymoreofuswillpassourexams.”___19___Indeed,theonlychargeforhisserviceisa€1-per-monthmaintenancefee.Over2,000peoplehavebenefitedfromhissustainableandlocallygeneratedelectricity.Andin2018,MrNkosiwonaPointofLightAwardfromBritain’sQueenElizabethIIforhisdedicationtoinnovation.Inadditiontolightinguphisneighborsliterally,Nkosi’sdreamistobringlighttothemaswellthrougheducation.___20___Healsohopestoexpandhisownskillsetwithmoreadvancedstudies.A.That’sespeciallytrueinschools.B.Butthat’sanotherstoryforschools.C.AndjustlikeEdison,hedidalotofexperiments.D.Nkosieventuallysucceededafteryearsofhardwork.E.Hisneighborswereexcitedaboutit,sohecontinuedtoupgradeit.F.ThedrivingforcebehindNkosi’sDIYpowerprojecthasnothingtodowithprofit.G.Healreadygiveshands-onlessonsinthebasicsofengineeringtovillagechildren.【答案】16.C17.E18.A19.F20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了ColrerdNkosi在無(wú)數(shù)次的實(shí)驗(yàn)后，最終實(shí)現(xiàn)了為他的家鄉(xiāng)供電的愿望?！?6題詳解】上文“ColrerdNkosihadallthejunkheneeded,andthewilltobringelectricitytohissmallvillageinMalawi.Asaresult,henotonlyaccomplishedhisgoal,butwonanawardfromtheQueenofEngland.(ColrerdNkosi擁有他所需要的所有垃圾，并有意愿為他在馬拉維的小村莊供電。結(jié)果，他不僅完成了自己的目標(biāo)，還獲得了英國(guó)女王的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì))”說(shuō)明ColrerdNkosi利用垃圾和想象力完成了發(fā)明并獲得了獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。根據(jù)下文ColrerdNkosi做實(shí)驗(yàn)的過(guò)程可知，他做了很多的實(shí)驗(yàn)。C項(xiàng)中的he指代ColrerdNkosi，justlikeEdison和第一段內(nèi)容相呼應(yīng)，didalotofexperiments引出下文。故選C?！?7題詳解】上文“Inthebeginning,heputabicycleintheriverandwonderedhowthecurrentmovedthepedals,andhowitmightbeturnedintopower.Thenheusedanoldrefrigeratorcompressor(壓縮機(jī))topowersixhomes.(一開始，他把一輛自行車放在河里，想知道電流是如何推動(dòng)踏板的，以及如何將其轉(zhuǎn)化為動(dòng)力。然后，他用一臺(tái)舊冰箱壓縮機(jī)為六戶人家供電)”說(shuō)明他的發(fā)明取得了一定的成功，能夠?yàn)榱鶄€(gè)家庭發(fā)電?？仗幊猩蠁⑾?，E項(xiàng)中的Hisneighborswereexcitedaboutit為前文發(fā)明成功帶來(lái)的影響。sohecontinuedtoupgradeit是下文Nkosicreatedanelectricturbine的原因。故選E。【18題詳解】前文“Inacountrywhereonly11%ofthepopulationhasaccesstoelectricity,havingareliableandrenewablesourceofenergyhasbeenagame-changer.(在一個(gè)只有11%的人口能夠獲得電力的國(guó)家，擁有可靠的可再生能源已經(jīng)改變了游戲規(guī)則)”說(shuō)明這個(gè)國(guó)家電力匱乏?？仗幨菍?duì)上文表述的遞進(jìn)。下文“Inthepast,wehadtostudybycandlelight,andwhenevertherewasnomoneytobuycandles,wecouldnotstudy,”studentGiftMfunesaid.(過(guò)去，我們必須在燭光下學(xué)習(xí)，每當(dāng)沒(méi)有錢買蠟燭時(shí)，我們就不能學(xué)習(xí)，”學(xué)生GiftMfune說(shuō))”說(shuō)明學(xué)校電力不足的情況所帶來(lái)的的不良影響。A項(xiàng)“在學(xué)校里尤其如此?！狈险Z(yǔ)境，該選項(xiàng)中That指代前文電力不足的情況，inschools和下文相呼應(yīng)。故選A。【19題詳解】下文“Indeed,theonlychargeforhisserviceisa€1-per-monthmaintenancefee.(事實(shí)上，他服務(wù)的唯一費(fèi)用是每月1歐元的維護(hù)費(fèi))”說(shuō)明Nkosi只收取每月1歐元的維護(hù)費(fèi)，再由Indeed可推知空白處談?wù)摰膽?yīng)與錢相關(guān)。F項(xiàng)“Nkosi的DIY電力項(xiàng)目背后的驅(qū)動(dòng)力與利潤(rùn)無(wú)關(guān)?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選F?！?0題詳解】上文“Inadditiontolightinguphisneighborsliterally,Nkosi’sdreamistobringlighttothemaswellthrougheducation.(除了從字面上照亮他的鄰居，Nkosi的夢(mèng)想是通過(guò)教育給他們帶來(lái)光明)”說(shuō)明Nkosi除了發(fā)明之外，他認(rèn)為還應(yīng)當(dāng)通過(guò)教育給人們帶來(lái)光明。G項(xiàng)中的alreadygiveshands-onlessons和前文的education相呼應(yīng)，說(shuō)明他已經(jīng)給孩子們上了工程基礎(chǔ)的實(shí)踐課。故選G。第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。AvideowasbreakingtheInternet.Inthevideo,awhitetruckwas___21___onahighway,andpeopleweretryingtobreakthewindow.Someviewersbegantoassumethatitwasthesceneofa(n)___22___,butthetruthwasquitedifferent.ThestoryallstartedonaGeorgiainterstatehighway.While___23___awhitetruck,awomancalledJuordinCarternoticedsomethingwrong.Thetruckwasgoingslowlyonsucha___24___highway,whichwasadangeroussituation.Shelookedovertotherightandsawanolderman___25___buthebentover.Actuallyhehadpassedout,leavinghisvehicle___26___.Someotherdriversalsonoticedtheman.Ratherthanjust___27___forthebest,theybeganto___28___.Thentheyranalongsidethetruck,shoutingtogetthedriver’sattention.Butitwasclearthathewasn’tableto___29___,sotheyjoinedtogetherandmanagedtostopthevehicle.Findinghim___30___theyhadnochoicebuttobreakintothetruckandgethimout.___31___,itwaseasiersaidthandone.Fromastrollertoatireandevenahammer(錘子),nothingwasbreakingthroughuntilamancalledCampbelltookashotatthebackwindow.Afterthathekickeddowntherestofthe___32___,slidinandunlockedthedoor.Asthe___33___hurriedtogettothescene,thedrivers___34___withthesickman.Momentslater,hereceivedmedicaltreatmentandgotsaved.Juordinrecordedtheincidentandsharedthevideoonlinetoshowthe___35___oftheunknowndrivers.Itfeelsgoodtoseepeople,especiallystrangers,regardlessofraceorreligion,cometogethertohelpsomeoneelse.21.A.pushed B.fixed C.stopped D.moved22.A.test B.accident C.fight D.game23.A.goingafter B.gettingoff C.focusingon D.passingby24.A.new B.busy C.broad D.familiar25.A.sleeping B.crying C.driving D.running26.A.unattended B.unfound C.unadjusted D.unsupported27.A.preparing B.meaning C.waiting D.hoping28.A.turnback B.pullover C.lookout D.catchup29.A.escape B.understand C.respond D.continue30.A.silent B.unconscious C.confused D.uncomfortable31.A.However B.Therefore C.Still D.Otherwise32.A.crowd B.board C.glass D.tool33.A.woman B.truck C.police D.ambulance34.A.agreed B.finished C.talked D.stayed35.A.kindness B.honesty C.ability D.intelligence【答案】21.C22.C23.D24.B25.C26.A27.D28.B29.C30.B31.A32.C33.D34.D35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了高速路上一輛卡車的司機(jī)暈了過(guò)去，其他司機(jī)注意到了，停下車幫助這名司機(jī)。這一時(shí)間被Juordin記錄下來(lái)發(fā)布到了網(wǎng)上，來(lái)顯示這些司機(jī)的善良?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在視頻中，一輛白色卡車被攔在高速公路上，人們?cè)噲D打破窗戶。A.pushed推；B.fixed修理；C.stopped停止；D.moved移動(dòng)。呼應(yīng)后文“theyjoinedtogetherandmanagedtostopthevehicle”指白色卡車被攔在高速公路上，故選C。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一些觀眾開始認(rèn)為這是一場(chǎng)打斗，但事實(shí)遠(yuǎn)非如此。A.test測(cè)試；B.accident事故；C.fight戰(zhàn)斗；D.game游戲。根據(jù)上文“peopleweretryingtobreakthewindow(人們?cè)噲D打破窗戶)”以及下文“butthetruthwasquitedifferent.”可知，一些觀眾開始會(huì)認(rèn)為這是一場(chǎng)打斗，故選C?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：當(dāng)路過(guò)一輛白色卡車時(shí)，一個(gè)叫JuordinCarter的女人注意到有些不對(duì)勁。A.goingafter追趕；B.gettingoff下車；C.focusingon集中；D.passingby路過(guò)。根據(jù)后文“Shelookedovertotheright”可知，JuordinCarter路過(guò)一輛白色卡車。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：卡車在如此繁忙的高速公路上緩慢行駛，這是一個(gè)危險(xiǎn)的情況。A.new新的；B.busy忙碌的；C.broad寬的；D.familiar熟悉的。根據(jù)上文“Thetruckwasgoingslowly”以及后文“highway,whichwasadangeroussituation”可知，情況危險(xiǎn)，說(shuō)明卡車在繁忙的高速公路上緩慢行駛，故選B?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她向右邊看了看，看見一個(gè)老人在開車，但他彎下腰來(lái)。A.sleeping睡覺(jué)；B.crying哭泣；C.driving駕駛；D.running奔跑。根據(jù)上文“Shelookedovertotherightandsawanolderman”可知，她看到是老人在開車。故選C。26題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：實(shí)際上他已經(jīng)昏倒了，他的車無(wú)人看管。A.unattended無(wú)人看管的；B.unfound未被發(fā)現(xiàn)的；C.unadjusted未調(diào)整的；D.unsupported未經(jīng)證實(shí)的。根據(jù)上文“Actuallyhehadpassedout,leavinghisvehicle”可知，老人昏倒了，所以車無(wú)人看管。故選A。【27題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們沒(méi)有抱著最好的希望，而是開始靠邊停車。A.preparing準(zhǔn)備；B.meaning意義；C.waiting等待；D.hoping希望。根據(jù)后文“Thentheyranalongsidethetruck,shoutingtogetthedriver’sattention.(然后他們跑到卡車旁邊，大叫著引起司機(jī)的注意)”可知，其他司機(jī)采取行動(dòng)，是因?yàn)闆](méi)有抱著最好的希望，故選D?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：他們沒(méi)有抱著最好的希望，而是開始靠邊停車。A.turnback返回；B.pullover靠邊停車；C.lookout當(dāng)心；D.catchup趕上。根據(jù)后文“Thentheyranalongsidethetruck,shoutingtogetthedriver’sattention.(然后他們跑到卡車旁邊，大叫著引起司機(jī)的注意)”可知，其他司機(jī)靠邊停車跑到了卡車旁邊。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但很明顯，他無(wú)法回應(yīng)，所以他們聯(lián)合起來(lái)，設(shè)法阻止了這輛車。A.escape逃走；B.understand理解；C.respond回答；D.continue繼續(xù)。根據(jù)上文“Actuallyhehadpassedout”可知，老人暈倒了，無(wú)法回應(yīng)。故選C。【30題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：發(fā)現(xiàn)他不省人事，他們別無(wú)選擇，只好破門而入，把他救了出來(lái)。A.silent沉默的；B.unconscious昏迷的；C.confused困惑的；D.uncomfortable不舒服的。根據(jù)上文“Actuallyhehadpassedout(他實(shí)際上暈過(guò)去了)”可知，老人不省人事。故選B?！?1題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，說(shuō)起來(lái)容易做起來(lái)難。A.However然而；B.Therefore因此；C.Still仍然；D.Otherwise否則。結(jié)合前后文語(yǔ)境可知為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選A。【32題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，他踢倒了剩下的玻璃，鉆進(jìn)去，打開了門。A.crowd人群；B.board木板；C.glass玻璃；D.tool工具。根據(jù)上文“Fromastrollertoatireandevenahammer,nothingwasbreakingthroughuntilamancalledCampbelltookashotatthebackwindow.(從嬰兒車到輪胎，甚至是錘子，什么都沒(méi)有打破，直到一個(gè)叫坎貝爾的人朝后窗開了一槍)”可知，此處指窗戶玻璃，故選C?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)救護(hù)車匆忙趕到現(xiàn)場(chǎng)時(shí)，司機(jī)們留在了病人身邊。A.woman女人；B.truck卡車；C.police警察；D.ambulance救護(hù)車。根據(jù)后文“hereceivedmedicaltreatment(他接受了治療)”可知，救護(hù)車匆忙趕到現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，為司機(jī)進(jìn)行了救治。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)救護(hù)車匆忙趕到現(xiàn)場(chǎng)時(shí)，司機(jī)們留在了病人身邊。A.agreed同意；B.finished結(jié)束；C.talked談話；D.stayed停留。根據(jù)后文“withthesickman”可知，司機(jī)們留在了病人身邊，staywith表示“在一起”。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Juordin記錄了這一事件，并在網(wǎng)上分享了視頻，以顯示不認(rèn)識(shí)的司機(jī)的善良。A.kindness善良；B.honesty誠(chéng)實(shí)；C.ability能力；D.intelligence智慧。根據(jù)后文“Itfeelsgoodtoseepeople,especiallystrangers,regardlessofraceorreligion,cometogethertohelpsomeoneelse.(看到人們，尤其是陌生人，不分種族或宗教，聚在一起幫助別人，感覺(jué)很好)”以及上文司機(jī)幫助老人，可知這些司機(jī)很善良。故選A。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Hummingbirds(蜂鳥)arethesmallestbirdsintheworld.Researchershavespentthreeyears___36___(study)hummingbirdstofindoutwhethertheycandistinguishbetweenspectral(光譜)andnon-spectralcolors.Anewly___37___(publish)paperhasconfirmedthattheseincredibletiny___38___(creature)indeedhavetheabilitytotellthedifferencebetweenthesecolortypesandthattheycanseecolorscompletelyunknowntothehumaneye.Hummingbirdsareoneofnature’swonders—theylive___39___adietcontaininghighlevelsofsugar(andsometimesinsects),theyarealmost___40___(constant)onthemove,andtheycanseecolorsthathumanscan’tevenimagine.Therearefourcolorconetypesintheeyesofhummingbirds,___41___humansonlyhavethreecolorconetypes.Althoughitdoesn’tseemlike___42___bigdifference,whenitcomestoseeingcolor,thatfourthcolorconetypemattersmost.Hummingbirdswouldn’thavetheabilitytoseenon-spectralcolorsifit___43___(be)notforit.Tofindouthowhummingbirdsseecolor,theresearchgroupsetupworkstationsattheRockyMountainBiologicalLaboratory(RMBL)inColoradowherethey___44___(train)wildbroad-tailedhummingbirdstoactivelytakepartintheirexperiment.Thegroupwascarefultokeep____45____(they)workenvironmentasnaturalaspossibleforthebirdsoverthecourseofthethreeyearswhentheyworkedonthis.【答案】36.studying37.published38.creatures39.on40.constantly41.while##but42.a43.were44trained45.their【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了蜂鳥是世界上最小的鳥。研究人員花了三年時(shí)間研究蜂鳥，以確定它們是否能區(qū)分光譜和非光譜顏色。一篇新發(fā)表的論文證實(shí)，這些令人難以置信的小生物確實(shí)有能力區(qū)分這些顏色類型，它們可以看到人眼完全不知道的顏色?！?6題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：研究人員花了三年時(shí)間研究蜂鳥，以確定它們是否能區(qū)分光譜和非光譜顏色。此處為短語(yǔ)spend...(in)doing...意為“花費(fèi)……做……”。故填studying?！?7題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：一篇新發(fā)表的論文