2023年高考英語全真模擬卷05（解析版）（江蘇）

備戰(zhàn)2023年高考英語全真模擬卷05（江蘇）

第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段

對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

（2022秋?福建?高三莆田一中校聯(lián)考階段練習(xí)）

1.Whenisthenextweatherreport?

A.At8:35.B.At9:25.C.At9:35.

【答案】B

【原文】M:It's8:20.Ihearthestationgives10-minutenewseveryhouronthehour.ButIdon'tknowwhenthey

reporttheweather.

W:15minutesafterthenews.

2.Whatisthemanworriedabout?

A.Howtofacehisfather.

B.HowtostudyEnglishandmath.

C.Howtogetgoodgradesintheexams.

【答案】A

【原文】M:Lookatthis.Mydad'sgoingtokillmewhenheseesthis!

W:Oh,it'snotsobad.YougotgoodgradesinEnglishandmath.

M:Yes,butonlyinEnglishandmath.WhatshouldIdo?

3.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?

A.Beforelunch.B.Afterlunch.C.Beforedinner.

【答案】B

［原文］W:Thanksforlunch!Itwasdelicious!

M:IfsOK.

W:Nexttimelunchisonme.

M:Allright.

4.Wheredoesthewomanoftenputthecarkeys?

A.Onthekitchentable.B.Inherhandbag.C.Onthedesk.

【答案】C

【原文】M:Mom,doyouhaveanyideaaboutwherethecarkeysare?I'velookedonthedeskasusualbutI

didn'tfindthemthistime.

W:They'renotinmyhandbaganyway.Yougoandhaveanotherlook.

M:Oh,they'reonthekitchentable.

5.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthehelicopterride?

A.Itisfantastic.B.Itisscary.C.Itisdangerous.

【答案】B

【原文】M:Iwanttotryahelicopterride.Itmustbeprettyexciting.Haveyoueverbeenonone?

W:Yes,Ihave.IwentononelastyearwhenIwasonvacationintheGrandCanyon.IthoughtIwasfrightenedto

death,butofcoursetheviewwasfantastic.

第二節(jié)

聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選

項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答

時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

（2023春?浙江?高三天臺中學(xué)校聯(lián)考階段練習(xí)）

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。

6.What'sthewoman'sattitudetowardthesituation?

A.Optimistic.B.Confused.C.Pessimistic.

7.What'sthemanworriedabout?

A.Theircarwillrunoutofgas.

B.Theywillbeunabletogetfood.

C.Thestoreswillbeoutofstock.

【答案】6.A7.B

［原文】M:Let'sgoshoppingthisweekend.Weneedtobuymoresuppliesbeforethefirststorm.

W:What'sthebigdeal?Wealreadyhaveacupboardfullofcannedanddryfood.Ithinkthatshouldlastusa

month!Plus,wecangotothesupermarketinthedowntownonceinawhile.Itisn'thardtogothere,nowthatwe

haveourcar.Itcarrieseverythingforus.

M:Iknow,butthiswintermightbeaterribleone.Itseemsthatthepastfewwintershavebeenmild,soeveryone

ispredictingverybadweatherthisyear.Ifwegetasmuchsnowasthey'repredicting,wecouldbestuckathome

forweeksatatime!Evenourcarwon'tbeabletogetthroughseveralfeetofsnow.

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。

8.Whatdoesthemantellusaboutthefilms?

A.Thefilmsareintroducedfromforeigncountries.

B.Thefilmsaretranslatedintofourlanguages.

C.Thefilmsareshotbyuniversitystudents.

9.WhatisspecialabouttheFilmFestival?

A.Theaudience'svotes.

B.Thelivevideointerviews.

C.Englishwordsonthescreen.

10.Howmuchisaticketfortheman'sschoolmates?

A.$10.B.$15.C.$25.

【答案】8.C9.B10.A

［原文］W:Iheardthatyouwerebusypreparingthisyear'sCampusFilmFestival,right?

M:Yeah,Andrea.Youareinterestedinthat?

W:Idon'treallyknowaboutthat.Canyoutellmesomethingaboutthefestival?

M:Sure.ItwasstartedbyourStudcnts,Unionyearsagoandhasgrowneveryyear.Itisheldover4nightsduring

studybreak.Thefilmsarenormallyshotbystudentsfromdifferentuniversities.

W:Cool!Thenwhopicksthefilms?

M:Ifsuptotheorganizationcommitteetodecide.

W:Isthereanyspecial?

M:Ofcourse.Wetakethevideointerviews.

W:Whafsthat?

M:Wesetupcamerasinthepassageofthetheateranddidliveinterviewsduringbreak.Anyonefromthe

audiencecouldcomeupandtalkaboutthefilm.

W:CanIaskanotherquestion?Allthefilmsarefromuniversitiesinourcountry,aren'tthey?

M:Notexactly.Weoccasionallychoosefilmsfromforeignuniversities.Thewordsonthescreenaretranslated

intoEnglishsothateverybodycanunderstandthecontext.

W:Sohowmuchdoesaticketcost?

M:Itonlycosts$10forthestudentsinourschooland$15forothers.

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。

11.WhydidMarkrunwithhissonthismorning?

A.Tohelphimbestronger.

B.Tomakehimloverunning.

C.Toaccompanyhimontraining.

12.WhatmadeMarkstoprunningatcollege?

A.Hisinterestincycling.B.Hiskneeinjury.C.Hisaccidentinmarathons.

13.Whatdoesthewomandomostofteninherfreetime?

A.Shegoesswimming.B.Shegoesforarun.C.Sheplaystennis.

【答案】U.C12.B13.C

［原文］W:Mark,Isawyourunningwithyoursonthismorning.Areyoutryingtohelphimbecomestronger?

M:Actuallyhe'spreparingforarunningraceathisschool.Hereallywantstowin,soIdecidedtorunwithhimto

helphimwin.

W:NowIsee.Sodidyourunwhenyouwereyoung?

M:Yes.IactuallyranmarathonswhenIwasincollege.Itrainedalotforthemarathons.Butthentwoweeks

beforemybigrace,Iinjuredmykneesduringtraining.MydoctorsuggestedIstoprunning.Ifollowedhisadvice.

ButIstillwantedtoexercise,so1begantocycle.

W:Soyouhadn'tnineversince?

M:Yes.ButafterIbegantorunagainwithmyson,IfoundIstillloverunning.SoI'llrunmoreinfuture.Sodo

youloverunning?

W:Notreally.ButIusuallyplaytenniswithmyfriendsinmysparetime.AndsometimesIgoswimming.So

whenwillyourson'sracetakeplace?

M:OnMay10th.It'sjustaweek'stimeaway.

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。

14.Whatdothespeakersconsiderasthemostimportant?

A.Thelocationoftheflat.B.Thesizeoftheflat.C.Therentoftheflat.

15.Whatistheabsolutenecessityinthebedroomforthewoman?

A.Furniture.B.Sunlight.C.Anairconditioner.

16.Howdoesthewomanknowabouttherent?

A.Byreadingthenewspaper.B.Byconsultingthehouseagent.C.Byaskingfriends.

17.Whydoesthewomanwishtofindaflatquickly?

A.Herpresenthouseisdue.

B.Shewantstomoveforachange.

C.Herpresenthouseistooexpensive.

【答案】14.A15.B16.B17.A

【原文】W:Whatkindofhouseshallwerent?

M:Itshouldbeclosetoourofficebuilding.Youknowwecouldn'tadapttogettingupearlyandthecloseritis,

thelaterwecangetup.

W:Yes.Thatisthemostimportantthingtoconsider.

M:Howaboutthesize?

W:Iamnottooworriedaboutthesizeaslongasthereisenoughsunlightinthebedroom.Doyoumindifitisina

noisyarea?

M:Idon'tmind.Iamnotalightsleeper,butaquietareaisbetter,forwecandoourresearchathome.

W:OK,let'spaymoreattentiontothenewspapers.

M:Ifwearelucky,wewillfindaflatinthenextfewdays.Bytheway,howmuchdoyouthinktherentwillbe?

W:Ihaveconsultedthehouseagentabouttheprice.Hesaiditwouldbeabouttwohundredpoundsamonth.

M:Oh,Ithinkthepriceisreasonableandacceptable.

W:Ithinkso.HowIwishwecouldfindanidealflatquickly,becauseourpresenthouseisdue.

聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。

（2023春?湖南長沙?高三長沙一中?？茧A段練習(xí)）

18.WhatisMr.Reynoldslike?

A.Easygoing.B.Fun.C.Strict.

19.Whenwillthestudentsstudyreadingcomprehension?

A.Duringthefirstterm.B.Duringthesecondterm.C.Duringthethirdterm.

20.Howmanynovelswillthestudentsreadinthelastthreemonths?

A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.

【答案】18.C19.B20.A

【原文】Goodmoming,students.I'mMr.Reynolds,yournewEnglishteacher.Ijustwanttoexplainafew

thingsbeforewegetstarted.First,Idon'tallowstudentstoshowuplatetoclass.Ifyouarelateforoverfive

minutes,youwillbeconsideredabsentandreceivezeropoints.Ifyouhavefourabsences,youwillfailtheclass.

Second,therewillbeabsolutelynotalkinginmyclass.Ifyouhaveaquestion,raiseyourhanduntilIcallonyou.

Isthatunderstood?Now,let'stalkaboutourschedule.Inthefirstterm,we'Hbelearningaboutwritingand

grammar.Youwillhaveoneshorttest,onelongexam,andtwoessays.Inthesecondterm,we'llbestudying

readingcomprehension.Overthisthree-monthperiod,youwillhaveonetestpermonth,aswellasapresentation.

Forthelastthreemonths,we'Hstudyliterature.Youmustcompleteoneindividualpresentationonafamouspoet,

readtwonovels,andstudyforyourfinalexam.Wehavealongyearaheadofus,boysandgirls.Keepyourheads

downandstudyhard.Let'shaveagoodSeptember!

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

A

（2023春?河北石家莊二中高三校聯(lián)考）

Someareattractedtomuseumsbytheartandtheculture-butifthatisn'tenough,thereisalwaysthe

strange!

CancunUnderwaterMuseum

Noneedtoholdyourbreathtoseethisone.TheCancunUnderwaterMuseumis,asthenamesuggests,

underwater.Morethan500sculpturesanchoredintheoceanoffMexicoaremeanttoillustratetheinterplayofart

andnature.Visitorscaneitheradmiretheworksthroughaglass-bottomboatortakeascubadivingtour.

OmakaAviationHeritageCentre

Withgreatattentiontodetail,NewZealandbuilttheOmakaAviationHeritageCentre,whichexhibits

originalaircraftfromtheFirstandSecondWorldWars.SomebelongtofilmdirectorSirPeterJackson,who

helpedcreatethesetdesignswithhisteam.Anyoneinterestedinthepioneersofaviationshouldpayavisittothe

museuminBlenheim.

TenementMuseum

AtNewYork'sTenementMuseum,visitorscangainaninsightintowhatlifewaslikefbrimmigrantsandthe

workingclassinthecityfromthe1860sthroughtothe1980s.Themuseumopenedin1992andoffersguided

toursoftwotenementbuildingswithrecreatedrooms,wherecostumed'residents'enactthedailylivesofthe

city'snewcomersandworkersovertheperiod-leapsandboundsfromthemoneymakersofWallStreet.

CupnoodlesMuseum

TheCupnoodlesMuseuminYokohama,Japan,offersatreat:exhibitscanbenotonlyadmired,buteaten.

Visitorscanworkinthemuseum'snoodleworkshop,refiningcreationswiththeirfavouriteingredients.While

doingso,onecanalsolearnthehistoryoftheramennoodle,oneofJapan'smostpopularfoods.

21.WhatisspecialabouttheCancunUnderwaterMuseum?

A.Thestrangename.B.Thenumberofsculptures.

C.Worksaboutartandnature.D.Waysofvisitingit.

22.Whichmuseumwillattractvisitorsinterestedinhands-onactivities?

A.CancunUnderwaterMuseum.B,OmakaAviationHeritageCentre.

C.TenementMuseum.D.CupnoodlesMuseum.

23.Whatdothefourmuseumshaveincommon?

A.Theyareaboutartandhistory.B.Theydisplayaircraftfromworldwars.

C.Theyhaveunusualfeatures.D.Theyrecordimmigrants9dailylives.

【答案】21.D22.D23.C

【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。文章介紹了四個博物館的獨特之處。

21.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)對CancunUnderwaterMuseum介紹中的"Visitorscaneitheradmiretheworksthrougha

glass-bottomboatortakeascubadivingtour.（游客既可以乘坐玻璃底船欣賞這些作品，也可以進(jìn)行水肺潛水

之旅）”可知，游客乘坐可以乘坐玻璃底船欣賞，這是與其他的景點的獨特之處。故選D。

22.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“TheCupnoodlesMuseuminYokohama,Japan,offersatreat:exhibitscanbe

notonlyadmired,buteaten.Visitorscanworkinthemuseum'snoodleworkshop,refiningcreationswiththeir

favouriteingredients日本橫濱的杯面博物館提供了一種享受：展品不僅可以欣賞，還可以吃。游客可以在

博物館的面館T.作，用他們最喜歡的食材提煉面條）“可知，CupnoodlesMuseum可以自己制作面條，有自

己動手的活動。故選D。

23.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段"Someareattractedtomuseumsbytheartandtheculture—butifthatisn't

enough,thereisalwaysthestrange!（有些人被博物館的藝術(shù)和文化所吸引---但如果這還不夠，還有奇怪的

事情）”以及四個博物館的介紹可推知，這四個博物館都有些獨特的特征。故選C。

（2023春?河北衡水校考）

Lastyear,KarenWooldridgeandhisfriendLauraHoganhadanidea:Takeunsoldflowerswhichwillbe

thrownawayandsendthemtooldpeople.44Westartedworkingonourkitchenisland,andwewerereallyproudof

sendingflowers,''Wooldridgesaid.Soon,Hoganadded,“Wedeveloped.^^

Now,theysendathousandunsoldbunchesofflowersamonth,with150volunteersworkingfivedaysa

week.Theirorganization,Bluebirds&.Blooms,isnamedaftertheirchildhoodyouthtroupe（劇團(tuán)）The

Bluebirds.Theirflowersbrighten30communities——mostlyhomesforseniorswhoarelosingtheirmemories.

VellieLarsonhaslostsomeofhermemories,butherdaughterKarenSchwartzwasinthesameBluebirds

troupeasWooldridgeandHogan,andLarsontaughtthemallmusic.t€Whentheysendflowerstoher,“Schwartz

said,"She'lldescribethemtomeandgivemeaflowerreporteveryday.”

“Theflowersarealsoahinlthatsomeonecares,^saidSheryHassan,thecenter'sdirector."They'resad,and

justhavingsuchasimplethingasabunchofflowersbrightenstheirdays,“Hassansaid/Tamilieswillcomein,

andthey'Hsay/Ohwhogotyouflowers?Thisisbeautiful.'Anditsays'Thinkingofyou/Theseniorscanjust

say,'Oh,somebodywasthinkingofme!^^^

ForWooldridge,theactofkindnessbringsbackgreatmemoriesofherfather,whohadAlzheimer's（老年癡

呆）.“Iknowhewouldhavelovedvisitsfromthesewomen,^Wooldridgesaid.Andwhilesomemightfindit

difficulttoworksocloselywiththosefightingwithmemoryloss,Hogansaid,“Itmakesushappy.We'redoing

somethinggood.^^

24.WhatideadidWooldridgeandHoganhavelastyear?

A.Makingprofitsbyrecyclingunsoldflowers.

B.Turningunsoldflowersintogiftsforseniors.

C.Aidingseniorsbysellingflowersforaliving.

D.Recoveringlostmemoriesbysendingflowers.

25.WhatcanwelearnaboutBluebirds&.Blooms?

A.Itsendsflowersonaday-to-daybasis.

B.Itisnamedafterabestchildren'sdrama.

C.Ithasgrownintoanationalorganization.

D.Itmainlyservestheoldwithmemoryloss.

26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"hint''inParagraph4mean?

A.Reminder.B.Commitment.C.Responsibility.D.Routine.

27.Howdotheflowersinfluencethereceivers?

A.Theypromotefamilyharmony.

B.Theymaketheirlifeworthwhile.

C.Theycurethemoftheirdiseases.

D.Theycreateasenseofwell-being.

【答案】24.B25.D26.A27.D

【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇記述文。文章主要講述了兩位善良的人通過向老年人送花這個微小的舉動傳達(dá)了人間

有大愛，陰郁的日子終將會過去，始終會有人關(guān)心著你。

24.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句話“Lastyear,KarenWooldridgeandhisfriendLauraHoganhadanidea:

Takeunsoldflowerswhichwillbethrownawayandsendthemtooldpeople4去年，凱倫?伍爾德里奇和他的朋

友勞拉?霍根有了一個主意：把未售出的花拿走，然后把它們送給老人）”可知，Wooldridge和Hogan決定將

沒有賣出去的花送給老人作為禮物。故選B。

25.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二、三句話“Theirorganization,Bluebirds&.Blooms,isnamedaftertheir

childhoodyouthtroupe（居I］團(tuán)）TheBluebirds.Theirflowersbrighten30communities——mostlyhomesforseniors

whoarelosingtheirmemories.（他們的組織Bluebirds&.Blooms是以他們兒時的青年劇團(tuán)"藍(lán)鳥”命名的。他

們的花朵照亮了30個社區(qū)，其中大部分是失去記憶的老年人的家戶可知，Bluebirds&Blooms主要為失去記

憶的老人送花。故選D。

26.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段第二句話“"They'resad,andjusthavingsuchasimplethingasabunchofflowers

brightenstheirdaysJHassansaid.（哈桑說：“他們很難過，只要有一束鮮花這樣簡單的東西，他們的II子就會

變得明亮?？芍麄兒鼙瘋?，僅僅是一束花這樣簡單的東西就能照亮他們的日子，說明鮮花也是一種

提示，表示有人在關(guān)心他們。故劃線的單詞意為“提醒，提示故選A。

27.推理判斷題°根據(jù)第四段第一、二句話“"Theflowersarealsoahintthatsomeonecares,^saidSheryHassan,

thecenter'sdirector/'They'resad,andjusthavingsuchasimplethingasabunchofflowersbrightenstheir

days；'Hassansaid.（中心主任謝麗爾?哈桑說：“這些花也暗示著有人在乎哈桑說：“他們很難過，只要

有一束鮮花這樣簡單的東西，他們的日子就會變得明亮「'）“可推知，這些花讓老人們明白自己是被人關(guān)愛

的，它們點亮了老人們陰郁的日子，讓老人有幸福感。故選D。

C

（2022秋?浙江?高三天臺中學(xué)校聯(lián)考階段練習(xí)）

Itwasin2005thatChrisJonesoftheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeleyputthefinishingtouchesonthe

world'sfirstonlinehouseholdcarboncalculator.Hehopedthat,ifhecouldshowpeoplehowmuchgreenhouse

gaswasassociatedwithdailyactivities,theymightchangetheirbehaviourandcontributeinsomesmallmeasure

tosavingtheAmazon.Seventeenyearslater,trackersareprovidingawealthofoften-neglectedinformationabout

thecarbonemissionsofeverydaylife.

Trackersworkbyaskinguserstoanswerquestionssuchas:howmanymilesayeardoyoudrive;howmuch

isyourannualhouseholdelectricitybill;howoftendoyoueatmeat?Theythencalculateapersonalorhousehold

estimateofemissionsofcarbon-dioxideequivalent（等價物）peryear.Whatdotheytellus?

DrJonesdescribesthemainhouseholdpollutingactivitiesas"cars,coal,cowsandconsumption,roughlyin

thatorder”.Byfarthelargestsinglesourceofemissionsisthefamilyvehicle.Swappingitforanelectricvehicle

wouldsaveover6tonnes,oraneighthoftheaverageAmericanhousehold'syearlyemissions.

Nootherchangewouldelicitthatmuchsaving,thoughelectricityinthehomeisresponsibleforover5

tonnesofcarbonemissionsayear,sogeneratingitwithsolarpanelswouldcomeclose.Likeelectricvehicles,a

rooffullofsolarpanelsisnotcheap.Changingdietscostsless,andAmericanhouseholdsconsumemeatworth2.7

tonnesofCO2eayear,farmorethanmostpeople.IfAmericanswentvegetarian,thatwouldbelikehalfan

averagesolarroof.

Overthenext30years,manycountriesarepromisingtomovetonet-zerocarbon,implyingthathousehold

emissionswillhavetobecuttoclosetonothing.Trackers,itseems,havedaunting（令人怯步的）lessonsfor

publicbodiesandprivatehouseholdsalike.

28.WhydidDrJonesputforwardtheideaofcarbontrackers?

A.Tokeeptrackofhouseholdactivities.

B.Tocalculatethecarbonemissionsofeverydaylife.

C.Toremindpeopletoadoptalow-carbonlifestyle.

D.Tolearnhowgreenhousegaswasrelatedtodailyactivities.

29.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?

A.Thepurposeoftheinvention.

B.Thetargetedusersoftheinvention.

C.Theimprovementoftheinvention.

D.Theoperatingprinciplesoftheinvention.

30.Theunderlineword“elicit“inPara.4isclosestinmeaningto.

A.generateB.accumulateC.manageD.consume

31.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?

A.Trackersonlygivealarminglessonstoprivatehouseholds.

B,Thelargestsinglesourceofemissionsistheelectricvehicle.

C.Consumingmorevegetablesthanmeathelpsreducecarbonemissions.

D.Americansvegetariansspendhalfoftheirsavingsbuildinganaveragesolarroof.

【答案】28.C29.D30.A31.C

【導(dǎo)語】本文是?篇說明文。主要介紹了來自UniversityofCalifornia的ChrisJones完成了全球首個在線家

庭碳計算器，并通過追蹤器提供了大量日常生活中經(jīng)常被忽視的碳排放信息。

28.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Hehopedthat,ifhecouldshowpeoplehowmuchgreenhousegaswas

associatedwithdailyactivities,theymightchangetheirbehaviourandcontributeinsomesmallmeasuretosaving

theAmazon（他希望，如果他能向人們展示與日常活動有關(guān)的溫室氣體有多少，他們可能會改變自己的行為,

并為拯救亞馬遜做出一份小小的貢獻(xiàn)）''可知，Jones制作碳追蹤器是為了提醒人們采用低碳生活方式來為拯

救亞馬遜做出貢獻(xiàn)。故選C。

29.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段第一句"Trackersworkbyaskinguserstoanswerquestionssuchas:howmany

milesayeardoyoudrive;howmuchisyourannualhouseholdelectricitybill;howoftendoyoueatmeat?（追蹤

器的工作原理是讓用戶回答以下問題：你一年開車多少英里；你們家庭一年的電費是多少？你多久吃肉一

次？戶可知，第二段主要在介紹追蹤器的主要原理。故選D。

30.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)所猜詞后“thoughelectricityinthehomeisresponsibleforover5tonnesofcarbon

emissionsayear,sogeneratingitwithsolarpanelswouldcomeclose（盡管家庭用電每年要排放超過5噸的碳，

所以用太陽能電池板發(fā)電將會接近）“可知，其他任何變化都不會帶來這么多的節(jié)約，所以用太陽能發(fā)電會

產(chǎn)生節(jié)約。由此推知，所猜詞的意思為“產(chǎn)生”。故選A。

31.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Changingdietscostsless,andAmericanhouseholdsconsumemeatworth

2.7tonnesofCO2eayear,farmorethanmostpeople.IfAmericanswentvegetarian,thatwouldbelikehalfan

averagesolarroof.（改變飲食習(xí)慣的成本更低，美國家庭每年消耗的肉類相當(dāng)于2.7噸二氧化碳，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過

大多數(shù)人。如果美國人吃素，那就相當(dāng)于半個普通的太陽能屋頂廠可知，吃素所產(chǎn)生的二氧化碳比吃肉要

少。由此推知，食用蔬菜多于肉類有助于減少碳排放。故選C。

D

（2023?浙江金華?浙江金華第一中學(xué)校聯(lián)考二模）

Womenarestillunderrepresentedintopacademicpositions.Oneofthepossibleexplanationsforthisisthe

increasingimportanceofobtainingresearchfunding.Womenareoftenlesssuccessfulinthisthanmen.

PsychologyresearchersDr.RomyvanderLeeandprofessorNaomiEllemersinvestigatedwhetherthisdifference

alsooccursattheNetherlandsOrganisationforScientificResearch(NWO)andexaminedpotentialexplanations.

TheresearcherswereassignedbyNWOtocarryoutthisstudyaspartofthebroaderevaluationofNWO's

proceduresanditsgenderdiversitypolicy.Theaimwastogainmoreinsightintothecausesofthedifferencesin

awardingratesformaleandfemaleapplicantsforresearchfunding.Theanalysisaddressedanimportant"talent

programme“ofNWO,theVenigrant,"Whoeverreceivesthisgranthasagreaterchanceofobtaininganimportant

appointmentatauniversity,saysNaomiEllemers.

VanderLeeandEllemersinvestigatedalltheapplicationssubmittedbymaleandfemaleresearchersovera

periodofthreeyears:atotalof2823applications.UnderthedirectionofNWOtheseapplicationswereassessed

byscientificcommitteesconsistingofmenandwomen.Theresultsdemonstratethattheawardingratesforfemale

applicants(14.9%)aresystematicallylowerthanthoseformaleapplicants(17.7%).“Ifwecomparethe

proportionofwomenamongtheapplicantswiththeproportionofwomenamongthoseawardedfunding,weseea

lossof4%；'saidEllemers.

Thestudyrevealsthatwomenarelesspositivelyevaluatedfortheirqualitiesasresearcherthanmenare,

"Interestinglytheresearchproposalsofwomenandmenareevaluatedequallypositively.Inotherwords,the

reviewersseenodifferenceinthequalityoftheproposalsthatmenandwomensubmit,MsaysRomyvanderLee.

Insearchforapossiblecauseforthedifferencesinawardingratesandevaluations,theresearchersalso

investigatedthelanguageuseintheinstructionsandformsusedtoassessthequalityofapplications.Thisclearly

revealedtheoccurrenceofgenderedlanguage.Thewordsthatareusedtoindicatequalityarefrequentlywords

thatwereestablishedinpreviousresearchasreferringmainlytothemalegenderstereotype(suchaschallenging

andexcellent).RomyvanderLeeexplains:"Asaresult,itappearsthatmenmoreeasilysatisfytheassessment

criteria,becausethesebetterfitthecharacteristicsstereoty-picallyassociatedwithmen.”

Inresponsetotheresultsofthisresearch,NWOwilldevotemoreattentiontothegenderawarenessof

reviewersinitsmethodsandprocedures.Itwillalsobeinvestigatedwhichchangestotheassessmentprocedures

andcriteriacanmoststronglycontributetomoreequalchancesformenandwomentoobtainresearchfunding.

ThiswillincludeanexaminationofthelanguageusedbyNWO.NWOchairJosEngelenssaid,“Theresearchhas

yieldedvaluableresultsandinsights.Basedontherecommendationsmadebytheresearcherswewilltherefore

fbcusinthecomingperiodonthedevelopmentofevidence-basedmeasurestoreducethedifferenceinawarding

rates.^^

32.VanderLeeandEllemerscarriedouttheresearchtofindoutwhether.

A.womenarelesssuccessfulthanmenintopacademicpositions

B.femaleapplicantsareatadisadvantageingettingresearchfunding

C.NOW'sproceduresandgenderdiversitypolicyenhancefairplay

D.thereareequalchancesformenandwomentobeadmittedtoauniversity

33.VanderLeeandEllemers,studyshowsthat.

A.grantreceiversweremorelikelytogetappointmentsatuniversities

B.menapplicantsforresearchfundingoutnumberedwomenapplicants

C.theresearchproposalsofwomenareequallytreatedwiththoseofmen

D.thereviewershavenarrow,prejudicedconceptionsofwomencandidates

34.Whatmightbethemaincauseforthedifferencesinawardingratesandevaluations?

A.Thewordsusedintheinstructionsandforms.

B.Thereviewers?preferencetoapplications.

C.Themethodsandproceduresforevaluation.

D.Thevagueandunclearassessmentcriteria.

35.WhatwillNWOprobablydonextinresponsetotheresultsofthisresearch?

A.Eliminatepossibilitiesfordifferenceinawardingrates.

B.Designalanguageexaminationforallthereviewers.

C.Emphasizetheimportanceofgenderawareness.

D.Improvetheassessmentproceduresandcriteria.

【答案】32.B33.C34.A35.D

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，文章介紹了一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：女性比男性更難獲得研究經(jīng)費。這可能是學(xué)術(shù)界

中優(yōu)秀女性代表較少的原因。

32.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Theaimwastogainmoreinsightintothecausesofthedifferencesinawarding

ratesformaleandfemaleapplicantsforresearchfunding.（其目的是為了更深入地了解男性和女性申請研究經(jīng)

費的獎勵率差異的原因。戶可知，該研究的目的是為了了解女性在申請研究經(jīng)費方面與男性相比是否處于

劣勢。故選B。

33.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中"Interestinglytheresearchproposalsofwomenandmenareevaluatedequally

positively.Inotherwords,thereviewersseenodifferenceinthequalityoftheproposalsthatmenandwomen

submit.（有趣的是，女性和男性的研究提案得到了同樣積極的評價。換句話說，審查員認(rèn)為男性和女性提交

的提案在質(zhì)量上沒有區(qū)別。）“可知，通過研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，女性和男性的研究計劃是被平等處理的。故選C。

34.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中"Insearchforapossiblecauseforthedifferencesinawardingratesand

evaluations,theresearchersalsoinvestigatedthelanguageuseintheinstructionsandformsusedtoassessthe

qualityofapplications.Thisclearlyrevealedtheoccurrenceofgenderedlanguage.（為了尋找獎勵率和評估差異

的可能原因，研究人員還調(diào)查了用于評估申請質(zhì)量的說明和表格中的語言使用。這清楚地揭示了性別語言

的出現(xiàn)。戶可知，導(dǎo)致男性和女性研究者獲得經(jīng)費研究的可能性不同的原因是：在申請經(jīng)費的說明和表格

中使用了有性別偏向的詞句，由此導(dǎo)致評分和評估差異。故選A。

35.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Itwillalsobeinvestigatedwhichchangestotheass