2024屆高考英語復習名詞性從句總結講義

名詞性從句連接詞連接詞不作任何句子成分，不可省略，只引導從句；that,if,whether連接代詞作主語、賓語、表語：what,which,who,whom,whose,whatever,whichever,whoever,whomever連接副詞作狀語：when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however主語從句主語從句在句子中作主語，在主語的位置上，或在句末，用形式主語it代替。從句作主語時，謂語動詞為單數(shù)。WhatIdoisakindoflegwork.Thatshewantsmetobedeadworriesmealot.Whyhelovesmeisunknown.Whenandwherehewilleatisimportant.Itisapitythathehatesme.Itremainstobeseenwhether/ifhelovesthegirl.Tips:主語從句的that絕對不能省去。

1.It作形式主語——代替主語從句，主要是為了平衡句子結構。2.用it作形式主語的結構(1)It+be+名詞+that從句Itisapity/ashame/afact/anhonor/commonknowledge/nowonderthat…(2)It+be+形容詞+that從句Itisnecessary/important/likely/certain/natural/strangethat…(3)It+be+過去分詞+that從句Itistold/reported/said/hasbeenprovedthat…Itissuggested/advised/requested/required/ordered/insistedthat...(should)+do...(4)It+不及物動詞+that從句Itseems/appears/happens/matter/remainstobedonethat…主語從句不可位于句首的情況：(1)if引導的主語從句不可居于復合句句首.(2)Itissaid(reported)…結構中的主語從句不可提前.ItissaidthatPresidentJingowillvisitourschoolnextweek.(right)ThatPresidentJiangwillvisitourschoolnextweekissaid.(wrong)(3)Ithappens…/Itoccurs…結構中的主語從句不可提前.Itoccurredtohimthathefailedintheexamination.(right)Thathefailedintheexaminationoccurredtohim.(wrong)(4)Itdoesn’tmatterhow/whether…結構中的主語從句不可提前.Itdoesn’tmatterwhetherheiswrongornot.(right)Whetherheiswrongornotdoesn’tmatter.(wrong)(5)含主語從句的復合句是疑問句時,主語從句不可提前.Isitlikelythatitwillrainintheevening?(right)Isthatwillrainintheeveninglikely?(wrong)【練習】【2021·新高考I卷】______issobreathtakingabouttheexperienceistheout-of-this-worldscenes.What二．賓語從句作賓語的名詞性從句，常放在主句謂語動詞(及物動詞)或介詞之后。黃金法則：一看引導詞，二看語序，三看時態(tài)。ShethinkthatIamawoman.Teachersalwaystellmethatlifeis10%whathappenstoyouand90%howyoureacttoit.Youarewhatyousay.Thatwilldependonwhethertheycangetthechance.WhetherIwillhavethetimeIamnotsureatthemoment.Theboyknewwhenandwherethegirlwouldsaytheworstwords.1.作動詞的賓語(1)由that引導的賓語從句(that通?？梢允÷?：IheardthathewantedtowatchDeathNote.由what,whether(if)等引導的賓語從句：Shedidnotknowwhathadhappened.Iwonderwhetheryoucanflyonthemoon.動詞＋間接賓語＋賓語從句：ShetoldmethatAdamwasthefirstman.作介詞的賓語：Oursuccessdependsuponhowmuchhealthwehave.作形容詞的賓語：Iamafraid(that)I’vemadeamistake.注意：that引導的賓語從句常跟的形容詞：anxious,aware,certain,confident,convinced,determined,glad,proud,surprised,worried,sorry,thankful,ashamed,disappointed,annoyed,pleased,hurt,satisfied,content等。也可以將此類詞后的that從句看作原因狀語從句。

4.it可以作為形式賓語it可作形式主語，還可作形式賓語而真正的賓語that從句則放在句尾，特別是在帶復合賓語的句子中。動詞find/feel/make/think/consider+it+adj/n+that從句...動詞hate/dislike/enjoy/appreciate+it+that從句...短語動詞seeto/dependon/relyon+it+that從句...固定搭配takeitforgranted/oweittosb+that從句...Wehearditthatshewouldgetmarriednextmonth.5.Whether和If引導的賓語從句(1)whether和if引導的賓語從句，不能省略，不作任何句子成分，但是有具體意義，意味“是否”(2)賓語從句中有ornot,只能用whether(3)whether引導的從句可以放在介詞后，if不能。(4)不定式前用whether6.否定前移謂語動詞think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,fancy,guess,imagine等，賓語從句若含有否定意義，要把否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句謂語上，從句謂語用肯定式。Idon’tthinkIlostherforever.【練習】【2021·天津】ItseemedthatIhadbecome________myparentshadwantedmetobe.A．when B．where C．what D．whetherC【2021·浙江】Cobb,forherparty,startedtoaskconferenceorganizerswhoinvitedhertospeak_____shecoulddosoremotelywhether##if【2021·北京】Thepoorwomanwasn'tabletogivehimanyinformationabout_______shelived．where【2020·浙江】Overthousandsofyears，theybegantodependlesson______couldbehuntedorgatheredfromthewild，andmoreonanimalstheyhadraisedandcropstheyhadsown.what【2020·天津】MygrandmotherhelpedmebelievethatIcouldaccomplish____________Iputmymindto.A．whenever B．whatever C．wherever D．whicheverB三．表語從句一般結構是“主語＋連系動詞＋表語從句”。特殊連接詞：asif,asthough，because引導表語從句的that一般不可省略,if不能引導表語從句。1)Thequestioniswhetherwecanmakegoodpreparationinsuchashorttime.2)Thisiswhywecan’tgetthesupportofthepeople.3)Butthefactremainsthatwearebehindtheotherclasses.4)Youarewhatyousay.連系動詞有be,seem,appear,look,sound,smell,taste,feel,keep,stay,remain,等。常用的表語從句結構：thereasonisthat…和thereasonwhy...isthat...It/That/Thisisbecause+表語從句(表原因)It/That/Thisiswhy+表語從句(表結果)【練習】【2021·天津】WhatpuzzlesLily'sfriendsis________shealwayshassomanycrazyideas.A．whether B．why C．what D．whenB四．同位語從句同位語從句就是在復合句中作名詞的同位語的名詞性從句。1.同位語從句的功能同位語從句對于名詞進一步解釋，說明名詞的具體內(nèi)容，一般由that引導，1)Theking’sdecisionthattheprisonerwouldbesetfreesurprisedallthepeople.2)Theorderthatallthesoldiersshouldstaystillisgivenbythegeneral.2.同位語常跟的名詞常用的名詞有advice,news,fact,hope,idea,promise,question,suggestion,thought,truth,wish,word,conclusion,doubt等3.同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別（1）同位語從句是對先行詞的進一步陳述，含義相同的同等關系，說明具體內(nèi)容。定語從句是對先行詞的修飾或限制，不說明具體內(nèi)容。（2）同位語從句的“that”不能省略。定語從句的關系代詞“that”在從句中作賓語時可以省略?！揪毩暋俊?020·江蘇】Itisnotaproblem_____wecanwinthebattle;it’sjustamatteroftime.A．whether B．why C．when D．whereA【連接詞用法總結】1.thatthat在名詞性從句中不作任何成分,引導賓語從句時有時可以省略,引導主語從句、表語從句和同位語從句時不能省略。2.whether與if引導的名詞性從句引導主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句時一般用whether,不用if。3.whoever意為“無論誰”,

相當于anyone

who,

可引導名詞性從句或讓步狀語從句,

在名詞性從句中作主語或賓語,

無疑問的意思。who可引導名詞性從句,

在句中作主語或賓語,

意為“誰”,

有疑問的意思。whatever意為“任何(事物),

無論什么東西”,

相當于anything

that,

可引導名詞性從句或讓步狀語從句,

在名詞性從句中作主語、賓語或定語,

表示無范圍的選擇。what可引導名詞性從句,

在從句中作主語、賓語、表語或定語,

表示無范圍的選擇。whomever意為“任何人,

無論是誰”,

可引導名詞性從句或讓步狀語從句,

在名詞性從句中作賓語。whom可引導名詞性從句,

在從句中作賓語,

意為“誰”。whichever意為“無論哪個、哪些”,

可引導名詞性從句或讓步狀語從句,

表示有范圍的選擇。which可引導名詞性從句,

意為“哪一個”,

在從句中可作主語、賓語、表語或定語,

表示有范圍的選擇。練習：用who、whoever、what、whatever填空。1.Sarahhopestobecomeafriendof________sharesherinterests.2._________hewitnessedinChinaarousedmuchinterestamonghiscountrymen.3._________youchoosetowearshouldbeclean.4._________willcometohelpwithmyEnglishhasn’tbeendecided.5.Intexts,youdon’thavetodeclare____youareorevensayhello.

【語法練習】名詞性從句做題兩步驟:第1步判斷是否屬于名詞性從句;第2步判斷名詞性從句中的連接詞;①若從句中缺少主語、賓語或表語,用連接代詞：whatwhichwhowhomwhoeverwhomever等;②若缺少狀語就用連接副詞whenwherewhyhow;③如果不缺少成分則要考慮意思是否完整,是否需要用whether/if;④如果不缺少成分且意思完整用that?！净A練習】名詞性從單句語法填空50題1.Itisourresponsibility,so________Idon'twantnowistopushittothestudents.2.Researchsuggestsanincreaseinvoiceisasignal________someoneislying.3.Thesmallmountainvillage________wespentourholidaylastmonthliesin________isnowpartofHubei.（定語從句+名詞性從句）4.Hisfamilymembersgavesomeexamplesof________hisdrinkingandsmokinghadaffectedthefamily.5.Ithasbeenproved_______severalnewkindsofmedicinehaveapositiveeffectonthecureofH7N9.6.Itisnousedoing________youlike,youhavegottolike________youdo.7.Hejumpedoutofbedandrantothedoortosee________theparcelwasfor.8.Youcancomplain,butIdoubt________itwillmakeanydifference.9.Thebrideandgroomgave____attendedtheirweddingsomegiftstosharetheirhappiness.10.Helenhasjustheardthenewsfromherfather________herboyfriendDavidwillcomebacksoon.11.ThemessageofSavingPrivateRyanis________humanswantpeace,notwar.12.Thereisstillsomedoubt________thesystemwillworkeventhoughallthefactorshavebeenconsidered.13.Johnseemedpuzzledaboutthequestionmeant.14.Theteacherwon'texplainitisthatmakeshisstudentssofascinatedbyhislessons.15.Itisannouncedthatbigprizeswillgoto_______finishestheassignmentontime.16.Thenewswewonthegameisexciting.17.Ihavenoideahewillcomebackhome.Thethoughtcametohim__________Maryhadprobablyfallenill.19.Weshouldconsiderthestudents’requesttheschoollibraryprovidemorebooksonpopularscience.20.Thefactiswehavelostthegame.21.That’sjustIwant.22.Thisisourproblemlies.23.Thatis_______hedidn’tcometothemeeting.24.Thereasonhewaslatewashemissedthetrainbyoneminutethismorning.25.Thelittlegirlwhogotlostdecidedtoremain________shewasandwaittorhermother.26.Thelasttimewehadgreatfunwas_______wewerevisitingtheWaterPark.27.HehastoldmewillgotoShanghaitomorrow.28.Iwanttoknowhastoldyou.29.Shewillgiveneedshelpawarmsupport.30.hecompaniesareworkingtogethertocreate_______theyhopewillbethebestmeansoftransportinthe21stcentury.31.CouldIspeaktoisinchargeofInternationalSalesplease?32.thereislifeonthemoonisaninterestingquestion.33.The?fire?destroyed________?was?in?the?building.??????????????????We?know?little?about?the?young?lady?except_______?you?told?me.????????I?know?nothing?about?her?except_______?she?is?from?Canada.????????????36.The?question?he?asked?was________?the?electrical?equipment?should?bestored.??37.________?there?is?life?on?another?planet?is?almost?impossible.???????????38.Please?give?the?book?to______?wins?the?first?prize.?????????????????39.The?chance______?he?will?attend?the?meeting?is?very?little.??40.It?so?happened?______?I?had?no?money?on?me.??41.Mark?wondered?______?you?thought?of?the?new?film.???Some?of?the?scientists?held?the?view?that?______?the?book?said?was?right.?43.He?was?driving?at?______?I?thought?was?a?fantastic?speed.44.It?has?not?been?decided?yet________?the?meeting?will?start?at?the?hall.????45.What?we?feel?excited?is?______we?are?passing?the?flame?in?Shenzhen?now.46.It?is?generally?considered?unwise?to?givea?child?_____?he?or?she?wants?47.I?am?very?interested?in?_______?he?has?improved?his?pronunciation?in?such?a?short?time.?48.Itisprettywellunderstood____controlstheflowofcarbondioxideinandouttheatmospheretoday.49.We?have?plenty?of?bookshere.?You?may?take?________one?you?like?best.?50.I?know?nothing?about?her?except_______?she?is?from?Canada.??????答案1.what2.that3.where,what4.how5.that6.what,what7.who8.whether9.whoever10.that11.that12.whether13.what14.what15.whoever16.that17.when18.that19.that20.that21.what22.where23.why24.whythat25.where26.who27.who28.who29.whoever30.what31.whoever32.whether33.whatever?34.what?35.that?36.that?37.that38.whoever?39.that?40.that?41.how?42.whatever?43.what44.when45.that46.whatever47.how48.what49.whichever50.that【加強練習】1.AsportsguidelineforChina’spreschoolchildrenwaspublishedonJune9,2018inBeijing,saying________dailyexercisesforthoseintheagegroupshouldbenolessthan180minutesaday.2．—IsittruethatMikerefusedanofferfromYaleUniversityyesterday?—Yeah,butIhavenoideahedidit;that’soneofhisfavoriteuniversities.3．Somepeoplebelievehashappenedbeforeorishappeningnowwillrepeatitselfinthefuture.4．Byboatistheonlywaytogethere,whichis_______wearrived.5．Ifyouswiminariverorlake，besuretoinvestigate_______isbelowthewatersurface.Oftentherearerocksorbrancheshiddeninthewater.6．Readingherbiography，IwaslostinadmirationforDorisLessinghadachievedinliterature.7．Hehasheartdisease.Thatis________hehasbeensmokingtoomuch.8．Thefamilywasratherpoorbutthehonestmandecidedtogivethebagtoitsowner.HegaveitbacktoSamandaskedhimtocheck________thebaghad50goldcoins.9．Followingthedeclineinhousepricesinmanysmallandmedium-sizedcities,therearenowsigns_________housepricesinmajorcitiesmayalsobesetforaslide.10.Thebrideandgroomgave________attendedtheirweddingsomegiftstosharetheirhappiness.11．NewplansforthecollegeentranceexaminationinZhejiangare________studentshavetobetestedonChinese,math,Englishandanotherthreesubjectsastheyprefer.12.mathematicsisoneofthemostusefulsectionsinhumanknowledgeiswidelyaccepted.13.________LiBai，agreatChinesepoet，wasbornisknowntothepublic，butsomewon’tacceptit.14.Wemustfindout________Karliscoming，sowecanbookaroomforhim.15.—Iwonder________Maryhaskeptherfigureafteralltheseyears.—Byworkingouteveryday.16.Youhavetoknow________you’regoingifyouaretoplanthebestwayofgettingthere.17.Wehavelearnedfromthestorythat________ismostvaluableisnotwhatwehaveinourlivesbut________wehaveinourlives.18.Ihadneitheraraincoatnoranumbrella.That’s_______Igotwetthrough.19．ThesewildflowersaresospecialIwoulddo_______Icantosavethem.20.Whenyouanswerquestionsinajobinterview,pleaserememberthegoldenrule:Alwaysgivethemonkeyexactly_______hewants.21.Ifyouoftenfeeltiredandcan’tfocusyourattention,thatis______youhavetostopworkingtoohardandtohavearest.22．—Whatimpressesyoumostaboutyourhometown?—Thestreet,thelengthofwhichisfourtimes______itwaseightyearsago．23．Thereisnodoubt__________hewillpassthetomorrow’sexam.24．Thedepartmentmanagerpromised______toldherwhostolethenecklacewouldberewarded.Tohersurprise,nomatter______shesaid,therewasnoresponse.25．Thenewly-builtcafé,thewallsofarepaintedlightgreen,isreallyapeacefulplaceforus,especiallyafterhardwork.26．Thenewshoppingmallwillbelocatedin__________usedtobeawastelandandahugegardenwillbeconstructed__________therewerenumbersoftombs27．—Janelooksdowntoday.What’sup?—Well,__________happenedbetweenJaneandmeisnoneofyourbusiness.28．Airpollutionis________mostChinesepeopleareconcernedaboutnowadays,becausetheirhea