陜西省西安市鄠邑區(qū)2022-2023學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量檢測英語試題 含答案解析

2022-2023學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量檢測高二英語試題考生注意：本試卷考試時間：120分鐘，滿分：150分;所有試題一律答在答題卡上。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，每空1.5分，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置，每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inabookstore.B.Inalibrary.C.Inaclassroom.2.WhoisgoingtotheUnitedStates?A.Judy.B.Bruce.C.James.3Howmuchwillthemanpay?A.$400.B.$500.C.$520.4.WhathasTesspreparedforhermother?A.Aguitar.B.Abook.C.Aconcertticket.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Waystoaidsleep.B.Eveningactivities.C.Weekendplans.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置，聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whattimeisitnow?A.3:15pm.B.3:30pm.C.3:45pm.7.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Havealookaround.B.Takeclassesnow.C.Sitforawhile.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Howdoesthewomanlooktotheman?A.Nervous.B.Tired.C.Excited.9.WhydoesthewomangotoChina?A.Towork.B.Totravel.C.Tostudy.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.WhatdoesJohnlikedoing?A.Orderingtakeout.B.Cookingathome.C.Eatingout.11.WherewillJenniferhavedinnertonight?A.InaFrenchrestaurant.B.InanItalianrestaurant.C.InaMexicanrestaurant.12.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Neighbors.C.Husbandandwife.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.HowoldisHenrynow?A.20.B.25.C.26.14.HowdidHenrygotoschoolonthefirstday?A.Bybus.B.Bybicycle.C.Bycar.15.Whatwastheheadmasterlike?A.Hewaskind.B.Hewasserious.C.Hewasimpatient.16.WhatdidHenrydoatschoolthatday?A.Hewatchedamatchontheplayground.B.Heplayedgamesintheclassroom.C.Hemadetwonewfriends.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhatdidJohnprobablywanttobewhenhefinishedschool?A.Anengineer.B.Ateacher.C.Achemist.18.WhenshouldJohnbeintheclassroomforhisEnglishtest?A.At8:00am.B.At8:30am.C.At9:00am.19.WhywasthereinkonJohn’sshirt?A.Hispenwentwrongsuddenly.B.Someoneplayedatrickonhim.C.Hefellasleepwithhispeninhishand.20.WhatwastheterribletruthforJohn?A.HemissedtheEnglishtest.B.Hefellasleepinclass.C.Hefailedallthetests.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題，每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A，B，C，D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ATherearenumerousamusementparksallovertheworld.Afamousmagazine,AmusementToday,doesasurveyamongparkloverseveryyearbothintheUSandoverseas,basedonwhich,“Top5ListoftheBestAmusementParksintheWorld”hascomeoutasfollows:Disneyland,CaliforniaDisneylandisathemeparkinAnaheim,California,theUS.Morethan515millionguestshavetraveledtothisAmericanlandmarkfromaroundtheworldsincetheparkfirstopenedtoguestsonJuly17,1955.Theparkconsistsofmanyworld-famoussections,suchasMainStreet,AdventureLand,NewOrleansSquare,andsoon.MagicKingdom,DisneyWorld,FloridaMagicKingdomisathemeparkwithintheWaltDisneyWorldResortinLakeBuenaVistaFlorida,nearOrlandoopenedonOctober1,1971.ItisthemostfamousthemeparkinFlorida.Thepark’sdesignandattractionsdon’tmakemuchdifferencefromDisneylandParkinAnaheim.EPCOT,DisneyWorld,FloridaEPCOTisthesecondthemeparkbuiltattheWaltDisneyWorldResortnearOrlando,Florida.TheparkopenedonOctober1,1982,andwasnamedEPCOTCenterfrom1982to1993.ItwasthelargestDisneythemeparkintheworlduntil1998,whenDisney’sAnimalKingdomopened.Disney-MGMStudios,FloridaMGM’sstreetsarethehomeforsomegreatmovie-themedattractionswithahistoryoflessthan30years.WiththeadditionoftheTwilightZoneTowerofTerrorandtheRockandRollerCoaster,theparkisnowhometoDisneyWorld’smostthrillingrides.UniversalStudios,FloridaGobehindthescenes,beyondthescreenandjumprightintotheactionofyourfavoritemoviesatUniversalStudios,thenumberonemovieandTVthemeparkintheworld.1.Whichparkhasthelongesthistory?A.MagicKingdom,DisneyWorld,Florida.B.Disneyland,California.C.EPCOT,DisneyWorld,Florida.D.Disney-MGMStudios,Florida.2.Whichofthefollowingthemeparkshavesimilarattractions?A.EPCOT&Disney-MGM.B.Disneyland,California&MagicKingdom.C.Disneyland,California&UniversalStudios.D.MagicKingdom&UniversalStudios.3.What’sthepurposeofthepassage?A.Toattracttouriststothesethemeparks.B.Tocompareattractionsindifferentthemeparks.C.ToincreasethesalesofAmusementTodayD.Tointroduceworld’sbestamusementparks.【答案】1.B2.B3.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了世界上最好的五個游樂園。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Morethan515millionguestshavetraveledtothisAmericanlandmarkfromaroundtheworldsincetheparkfirstopenedtoguestsonJuly17,1955.”可知，加州迪士尼樂園是1955年對游客開放的，是五個主題公園中開放時間最早的，故B項正確。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Thepark’sdesignandattractionsdon’tmakemuchdifferencefromDisneylandParkinAnaheim.”可知，佛羅里達的魔幻王國的景點與加州阿納海姆迪士尼樂園沒太大區(qū)別，故B項正確?！?題詳解】文章意圖題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Top5ListoftheBestAmusementParksintheWorld”hascomeoutasfollows”可知，這篇文章的目的是向讀者介紹世界上最好的五個游樂園，故D項正確?！军c睛】廣告布告類閱讀的設(shè)題以細(xì)節(jié)理解題為主，解答這類試題可以利用快速定位法，即根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞快速在文中尋找對應(yīng)的關(guān)鍵信息，這樣既提高了準(zhǔn)確性又節(jié)省了時間，例如本篇第1題，題干問的是哪個公園的歷史最悠久，既然是最長的歷史必然和開放時間有關(guān)，我們需要在文中找到各個公園的開放時間，經(jīng)過對比我們發(fā)現(xiàn)加州迪士尼樂園是1955年對游客開放的，是五個主題公園中開放時間最早的。BWhenIwasyoung,Ireadmanykindsofbooks,includingfairytales.Mostofthebooksdescribedheroeswhowerehandsomeandheroineswhowerebeautiful.So,IbelievedIhadtobebeautifulifIwantedtobecomeagreatperson.AsIgrewup,Ibegantorealizeouterbeautywasnotsoimportanttomakesomeonegood.Irememberafriendofmine,Janie,whowassobeautifulthateveryclassmatewantedtotalkwithher,butshewasveryarrogant(傲慢的).Shebelievedthatshecoulddoeverythingshewantedbecauseshewassobeautiful,butshelostfriendsonebyone.Mypoorfriend!Butshelearnedagoodlesson:innerbeautyismoreimportantthanouterbeauty.Aftershelearnedthat,shechangedherattitudeandmadefriendsagain.WheneverIseeTVadvertisements,Ifeelthatthesethingsmakeusbelievebeautyisveryimportant—especiallyphysicalattractiveness.Althoughwesaythatinnerbeautyismorevaluable,weoftenlookforplasticsurgerytomakeusmorebeautiful.Thereseemstobeaboom(流行)inplasticsurgery.Itissurprisingtorealizethenumberofpeoplewhotryitisincreasingdaybyday.Weknowgood-lookingguysusuallygethigherscoresonjobinterviews.So,whatisrealbeauty?Iwanttosaythatinnerbeautyistherealonebecauseifsomeonehasbeautyinhissoul,helookslikeareallybeautifulperson.Thebeautylookedatwitheyesdoesn’tlastforever.Insteadofconcentratingonouterbeauty,weshouldconcentrateoninnerbeauty.Thepointisthatinnerbeautyismoreimportantthanouterbeauty.So,ifwemaketheefforttomakeourmindsbeautiful,we’llbehappier.4.Whentheauthorwasyoung,shethoughtifhewantedtosucceed,.A.shemustlearnfromtheheroes B.shehadtoworkhardatherlessonsC.shemusthavegoodlooks D.shehadtoreadmanykindsofbooks.5.WhydidJanielosefriendsonebyone?A.Becauseshelookeddownuponothers. B.Becauseshewouldn’ttaketheiradvice.C.Becauseshewastooashamed. D.Becauseshedidn’tstudywellatherlessons.6.Theunderlinedphrase“plasticsurgery”inParagraph4probablymeans.A.化妝 B.閱讀 C.健身 D.整形7.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheImportanceofBeauty B.InnerBeautyistheRealBeautyC.BeautyMakesOneHappier D.HowtoMakeOneselfBeautiful【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章通過講述作者生活中的故事及朋友詹尼的舉例，最終提出外在的漂亮并非成功必須的，內(nèi)在美才是真的美。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“WhenIwasyoung,Ireadmanykindsofbooks,includingfairytales.Mostofthebooksdescribedheroeswhowerehandsomeandheroineswhowerebeautiful.So,IbelievedIhadtobebeautifulifIwantedtobecomeagreatperson.”（當(dāng)我年輕的時候，我讀了很多種類的書，包括童話故事。大多數(shù)書都描寫英雄是英俊的，女英雄是美麗的。所以，我相信如果我想成為一個偉大的人，我必須變得漂亮。）可知，作者小時候，通過讀書了解到，書中的英雄都是長相好看的，即作者認(rèn)為成功的人必須有好的長相。故選C。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Irememberafriendofmine,Janie,whowassobeautifulthateveryclassmatewantedtotalkwithher,butshewasveryarrogant(傲慢的).”（我記得我的一個朋友，詹妮，她是如此美麗，每個同學(xué)都想和她說話，但她非常傲慢。）第三段中“Butshelearnedagoodlesson:innerbeautyismoreimportantthanouterbeauty.Aftershelearnedthat,shechangedherattitudeandmadefriendsagain.”（但她學(xué)到了一個很好的教訓(xùn):內(nèi)在美比外在美更重要。在她學(xué)會了這一點之后，她改變了態(tài)度，重新交到了朋友。）可知，詹尼對待想和她說話的同學(xué)很傲慢，這導(dǎo)致之后她的朋友一個接一個的離她而去。故選A。6題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段中“Althoughwesaythatinnerbeautyismorevaluable,weoftenlookforplasticsurgerytomakeusmorebeautiful.”（雖然我們說內(nèi)在美更有價值，但我們經(jīng)常尋求plasticsurgery，使我們更美麗。）可知，人們知道內(nèi)在美的價值，但常常大家為了外在的美，而尋求plasticsurgery，即通過plasticsurgery讓自己變得更美，可推知劃線詞此處指“整形”，故選D。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀文章，文章的前三段通過作者生活中的故事，尤其是第三段提到朋友詹尼的舉例，詹尼自認(rèn)自己長得漂亮，對待朋友傲慢失去朋友。之后她意識到內(nèi)在美才是美，身邊朋友的失而復(fù)得，內(nèi)在美才是重要的。充分表明內(nèi)在美才是真的美。所以文章的標(biāo)題可以為“內(nèi)在美才是真的美”。故選B。CHaveyoueverwonderedwhatwildanimalsdowhennooneiswatching?Lowcost,dependableandsmallmoderncamerasofferedabighelp.Camerasplacedinhard-to-reachplaceshaveshoteverythingfromsmalldesertcatstolargersnow-lowingcatsinthenorthernRockyMountains.Scientistshavebeenabletodocumentthe“private”momentsofwildlifewithleadingtechnology.GrantHarrisisagovernmentbiologistwiththeUnitedStatesFishandWildlifeServiceinAlbuquerque,NewMexico.Inhiswords,“there’snodoubtthatthesewildcamerasareimportanttoolstolearnnewinformationonwildlife.”Harrissaidsomeimageshelpscientistsseetheinfluencesofclimate(氣候)change.ResearcherswiththeWyomingMigrationInitiative,orWMI,areamongthoseusingwildcamerasalongwithglobalpositioningsystems,orGPS.ButWMIdirectorMatthewKauffmansaysasthosedevices(設(shè)備)arelimited(有限的),soistheamountofinformationtheycangather.However,camerascanbeleftinverywildareasfordays,weeksorevenmonths.Theycanprovideinformationonhowmanyanimalsaremovingoveragivenperiodoftime.Puttingthosecamerasinplacerequirescarefulplanning.Wildvideocanshowdetailsaboutanimalbehavior.However,wildcamerashavetheirproblemstoo.Animalssuchaswolverinesandbearssometimesattack(襲擊)them.Scientistsdonotknowiftheattacksaretheresultofangerorinterest.Also,thedeviceshavebecomepopulartoolstohelphunterslookforanimals.Somepeoplearguethatitisunfairtousethecamerasthatway.Evenwithsuchproblems,wildcamerasareclearlyanimportantscientifictoolinresearchingwildanimals.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“document”inparagraph2mean?A.Remind. B.Enrich. C.Produce. D.Record.9.Whichisadisadvantageofwildcameras?A.Theycannotbeleftinthewildoveralongperiod.B.Theycannotbeplacedinhard-to-reachareas.C.Theyprovidelimitedinformation.D.Theymightbestolenbypeople.10.Whydosomepeopleargueagainstusingwildcameras?A.Itisdifficulttofixthecameras.B.Ithelpshuntersfindanimalseasily.C.Itishardtoachievecarefulplanning.D.Itmakesanimalsinterestedinthecameras.11.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardswildcameras?A.Doubtful. B.Supporting. C.Uncertain. D.Uninterested.【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一種新型的野外攝像機，它是研究野生動物的重要科學(xué)工具，并介紹了它的使用所帶來的問題?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。劃線詞所在句意為：科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)能夠用領(lǐng)先的技術(shù)_____野生動物的“私人”時刻。根據(jù)上文“Camerasplacedinhard-to-reachplaceshaveshoteverythingfromsmalldesertcatstolargersnow-lowingcatsinthenorthernRockyMountains.”可知，這種新型的攝像機拍攝到很多動物，從沙漠中的小型貓科動物到落基山脈北部的大型雪地貓科動物。由此可推斷出，科學(xué)家們是利用這種新型攝像機記錄了野生動物的生活，“Record”意為“記錄”，符合句意。故選D項。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段關(guān)鍵句“ButWMIdirectorMatthewKauffmansaysasthosedevices(設(shè)備)arelimited(有限的),soistheamountofinformationtheycangather.”可知，WMI的主管MatthewKauffman說，由于這些設(shè)備是有限的，所以它們可以收集的信息量也是有限的。由此可知，野外攝像機的缺點是它能夠提供的信息是有限的。故選C項。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段關(guān)鍵句“Also,thedeviceshavebecomepopulartoolstohelphunterslookforanimals.Somepeoplearguethatitisunfairtousethecamerasthatway.”可知，野外攝像機已經(jīng)成為幫助獵人尋找動物的流行工具。有些人認(rèn)為那樣使用攝像機是不公平的。由此可知，有些人反對使用野外攝像機是因為它幫助獵人很容易地找到動物。故選B項。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容“Evenwithsuchproblems,wildcamerasareclearlyanimportantscientifictoolinresearchingwildanimals.”可知，作者認(rèn)為即使野外攝像機存在著一些問題，但它顯然是研究野生動物的重要科學(xué)工具。由此可推斷出，作者對野外攝像機的態(tài)度是支持的，“Supporting”意為“支持的”。故選B項。DChinesepeoplelovefoodmadeofflour,whetheritbedumplings,orflatbread.Inthehandsofsillartisans(手藝人),flourismadeintolovelymodelsofpeopleoranimalstobeenjoyedandplayedwith,whichbringsauniquekindofpleasure.Thisartformiscalleddoughfigurine(面塑).Amongthevariousatstylesofdoughfigurines,Beijing’sDoughFigurineLangisauniquefolkart,whichisfilledwiththerichhistoryandcustomsofthecapitalcity.TheirdelicateandlovelyhandicraftsarestorytellersofoldandnewBeijing.In2008,itwasincludedinthelistofnationalintangibleculturalheritage.ItwascreatedbyLangShao’an.Mostofthedoughfigurinesareanimalsandcharactersfromlegends,historicalstories,andlocaloperas.Thefinishedproductiseitherputattheendofathinstick,oronatablefordisplay.Somearemostlyforchildrentoeatorplaywith,withsimpleformsandvividdecorations,whilesomearedelicatepiecesofartworkfordisplayonly.Forthisreason,duringthemakingprocesstheyareoftenmixedwithadditives(添加劑)topreventthemfrombreakingup,beingeatenbyinsectsorgrowingmoldy.Overthecourseofhislongcareer,LangShao’andevelopedasetofsillfingerswithanelegantartisticsense.LangJiaziyu,bornin1995,isthethird-generationinheritorofDoughFigurineLang.Whenhewas15,hecreatedBeijingOlympicMascotshapeddoughfigurineswhichwerehighlypraised.Helooksabitmorefashionablethanotherfolkartisans.Inhisskilledhands,popcultureiconssuchasfiguresbasedonMarvelcomicscharactersandChinesemythologicalfigureNezhawithsmokymakeup,areresonatingwithyoungpeople.LikemostoftheotherintangibleculturalheritagehandicraftsinChina,DoughFigurineLangdoesnotgetasmuchattentionfromthepublic.Fewyoungpeoplearewillingtotakethetimetomasteraskillthatdoesnotmakemoney,whichhasledtoadeclineinthenumberofthosewhoaredevotedtothehandicraft.Goodhandicraftsneedthedevotionofartisansfromonegenerationtoanother.12.WhatisspecialaboutDoughFigurineLang?A.ItreflectsBeijing’sculture.B.Itiscreatedbymanyfamousartists.C.Itshowspeople’slifestylesandbeliefs.D.Itispopularwithbothtouristsandthelocals.13.Whydoartisansaddadditivestodoughfigurines?A.Tomakedoughfigurinestastegood.B.Tokeepcolorsbrighterandlastlonger.C.Tohelpshapedoughintovariousforms.D.Tobetterpreservethefinishedproducts.14.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Suggestionsforotherfolkartisans.B.Differentartstylesofdoughfigurines.C.LangJiaziyu’sachievementsasanartisan.D.Thepopularityofmoderndoughfigurines.15Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Tocallonpeopletomasteraskill.B.Toappealtopeopletovaluethisfolkart.C.Toteachpeoplewaystoappreciatethehandicraft.D.Topersuadepeopletoprotectnationalculturalheritage.【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文，主要介紹了中國傳統(tǒng)民間藝術(shù)之一的面人郎的獨特魅力和制作技藝，呼吁人們重視這項傳統(tǒng)手工藝。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Amongthevariousatstylesofdoughfigurines,Beijing’sDoughFigurineLangisauniquefolkart,whichisfilledwiththerichhistoryandcustomsofthecapitalcity.(在眾多的面人風(fēng)格中，北京面人郎是一種獨特的民間藝術(shù)，它展現(xiàn)了首都豐富的歷史和習(xí)俗)”可知，北京面人郎這項民間藝術(shù)反映了歷史悠久的北京文化，故選A項?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“duringthemakingprocesstheyareoftenmixedwithadditives(添加劑)topreventthemfrombreakingup,beingeatenbyinsectsorgrowingmoldy.(在制作過程中它們常常與添加劑混合(添加劑),以防止它們破碎，被蟲子吃掉或發(fā)霉的增長)”可知，制作面人時加入添加劑，是為了更好地保存它們。故選D項。【14題詳解】段落大意題。根據(jù)第三段的“LangJiaziyu,bornin1995,isthethird-generationinheritorofDoughFigurineLang.Whenhewas15,hecreatedBeijingOlympicMascotshapeddoughfigurineswhichwerehighlypraised.(郎佳子彧，1995年生，面人郎的第三代傳人。15歲時，他創(chuàng)作了北京奧運會吉祥物面塑，深受好評)”以及下文內(nèi)容可知，第三段主要描述LangJiaziyu取得的藝術(shù)成就，故選C項。【15題詳解】目的意圖題。根據(jù)最后一段“Fewyoungpeoplearewillingtotakethetimetomasteraskillthatdoesnotmakemoney,whichhasledtoadeclineinthenumberofthosewhoaredevotedtothehandicraft.Goodhandicraftsneedthedevotionofartisansfromonegenerationtoanother.(很少有年輕人愿意花時間去掌握一項不賺錢的技能，這導(dǎo)致了從事這門手藝的人數(shù)下降。好的手工藝品需要一代又一代工匠的奉獻)”可知，全文通過介紹面塑的制作和引人擔(dān)憂的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀，呼吁廣大讀者重視面塑這項傳統(tǒng)民間藝術(shù)，故選B項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。The24solartermswerecreatedthousandsofyearsagoinChinatoguideagriculturalproduction.TheyalsoreflectChina’srichhistorythroughtheseasonalfestivals,specialfoods,culturalceremonies,familygatheringsandevenhealthylivingtipsthatcorrespondwitheachsolarterm.____16____RainWatersignalstheincreaseinrainfallandriseintemperature.Withitsarrival,livelyspring-likescenerystartsblossoming:theriverwaterdefreezes,wildgeesemovefromsouthtonorthandtreesandgrassturngreenagain.____17____InnorthernChina,thespringdroughtiscommonandtheprecipitationofthisseasonaccountsforonly10to15percentofannualaveragerainfall.Atthistimeofyear,farmersbegintoploughtheirfields.It’stherighttimetoprepareforspringsowingwhenthedaygetswarmer.____18____DuringRainWaterperiod,extracareisneededtodealwithareturningcoldspellandhumidity,whichistheamountofwaterintheair.____19____Itisstronglyadvisednottotakeoffthethickcoatstooearlyandtokeepwarm,especiallytheelderlyandchildren.ThewetandhumidweatherduringRainWaterperiodisconsideredharmfulforpeople’sspleenandstomachaccordingtoChinesemedicalpractice.____20____PeopleinBeijingofteneatporridge(粥)cookedwithakindofChineseherbmedicinetoresistcoldandwetweather.Honey,datesandChineseyamarealsoverygoodnourishment(營養(yǎng))toputintheporridgeA.WithRainWatercoming,insectsbecomemoreactive.B.Abowlofnutritiousporridgeisthebestchoicetonourishthebody.C.Therefore,RainWaterisconsideredasakeyperiodtowaterthefields.D.AccordingtoanoldChinesesaying,therainfallinspringisaspreciousasoil.E.ThetemperatureinmostofthebasinareasincreasesquicklyduringRainWaterF.Oneofthe24solarterms,whichisveryimportantinspring,iscalledRainWater.G.Thefastincreaseinairhumidityduetorainfallcanresultinlowertemperatureandwetweather.【答案】16.F17.D18.C19.G20.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了24節(jié)氣之一的雨水，以及雨水在春天的重要性?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“TheyalsoreflectChina’srichhistorythroughtheseasonalfestivals,specialfoods,culturalceremonies,familygatheringsandevenhealthylivingtipsthatcorrespondwitheachsolarterm.（它們還反映了中國豐富的歷史，通過季節(jié)性的節(jié)日，特殊的食物，文化儀式，家庭聚會，甚至健康的生活技巧，與每個節(jié)氣相對應(yīng)）”以及第二段第一句“RainWatersignalstheincreaseinrainfallandriseintemperature.（雨水預(yù)示著降雨量的增加和氣溫的上升）”F項：Oneofthe24solarterms,whichisveryimportantinspring,iscalledRainWater.（二十四節(jié)氣之一，在春天非常重要，被稱為雨水）承接上句，并且引出后文要介紹的二十四節(jié)氣之一的雨水，承上啟下。故選F?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)后句“InnorthernChina,thespringdroughtiscommonandtheprecipitationofthisseasonaccountsforonly10to15percentofannualaveragerainfall.（在中國北方，春旱很常見，這個季節(jié)的降水量只占年平均降水量的10%到15%）”可知，春季北方是缺雨的，因此春雨非常珍貴。D項：AccordingtoanoldChinesesaying,therainfallinspringisaspreciousasoil.（中國有句古話，春雨貴如油）符合語境。故選D。【18題詳解】根據(jù)上句“Atthistimeofyear,farmersbegintoploughtheirfields.It’stherighttimetoprepareforspringsowingwhenthedaygetswarmer.（每年的這個時候，農(nóng)民們開始犁地。天氣轉(zhuǎn)暖時，正是準(zhǔn)備春播的好時機）”可知，C項：Therefore,RainWaterisconsideredasakeyperiodtowaterthefields.（因此，雨水被認(rèn)為是灌溉農(nóng)田的關(guān)鍵時期）和上句構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，說明雨水是人們準(zhǔn)備春播灌溉農(nóng)田的關(guān)鍵時期。故選C?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)后句“Itisstronglyadvisednottotakeoffthethickcoatstooearlyandtokeepwarm,especiallytheelderlyandchildren.（強烈建議不要過早脫下厚外套，注意保暖，特別是老人和兒童）”可知，G項：Thefastincreaseinairhumidityduetorainfallcanresultinlowertemperatureandwetweather.（降雨導(dǎo)致空氣濕度迅速增加，導(dǎo)致氣溫下降，天氣潮濕）是建議人們不要過早脫下厚外套，注意保暖的原因。故選G。【20題詳解】根據(jù)后句“PeopleinBeijingofteneatporridge(粥)cookedwithakindofChineseherbmedicinetoresistcoldandwetweather.（北京人經(jīng)常吃一種中草藥煮的粥，以抵御寒冷和潮濕的天氣）”可知，B項：Abowlofnutritiousporridgeisthebestchoicetonourishthebody.（一碗營養(yǎng)粥是滋養(yǎng)身體的最佳選擇）后句承接B項具體說明北京人經(jīng)常吃的一種中草藥煮的粥來抵御寒冷和潮濕的天氣，話題一致。故選B。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)完型填空(共20小題;每空1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。ACutAboveLastsummer,KatieStellerpulledoffthefreewayonherwaytoworkinMinneapolis.Shestoppedatatrafficlight,whereamanwassittingwitha____21____askingforhelp.She____22____downherwindow.“Hey!”sheshouted.“I’mdriving____23____givingfreehaircuts.IfIgograbmychair,doyouwantonerightnow?”Theman____24____tobeinhis60s.Hewasheavyset,balding,andmissingafewteeth.AsStellerlikestotellthestory,helaughed,thenpaused.“____25____,”hesaid,“Ihaveafuneraltogotothisweek.Iwasreallyhopingtogetahaircut.”“I’llberight____26____,”Stellersaid.Shedroveoff,wenttothesalonsheowns,andrecruitedoneofherstyliststohelpher____27____aredchairintohercar.Thenthetwoofthemdroveback.Theman,namedEdward,tooka____28____,andtheytrimmed(修剪)hiscurlygrayinghair.HetoldthemaboutgrowingupinMississippi,aboutmovingtoMinnesotatobeclosertohisadult____29____,andhowhestilltalkstohismomeveryday.AfterStellerwasdone,Edwardlookedinamirror.“Ilook____30____!”hesaid.“I’llhavetoremembertoputmyteethinnexttime.”Todate,Stellerhasgiven30orsosuch____31____topeoplearoundthecity.Theseclientsarealllivingonthemargins,andsheisclearlyawareofthe____32____ofhercleanupjob.“It’smorethanahaircut,“shesays,“Iwantittobeagateway,toshowvalueand____33____,butalsotogettoknowpeople.Iwanttobuildrelationship.”Stellerknowsthatahaircutcan____34____alife.Onechangedhers:Asateen,shesufferedfromaboweldiseasecalledulcerativecolitis(結(jié)腸炎)thatwassosevere,herhairthinneddrastically.____35____this,hermotherarrangedforSteller’sfirstprofessionalhaircut.Afterthat,Stellerknewshewantedtohaveherown____36____soshecouldhelppeoplefeelthewayshe’dfeltthatday.Notlong____37____finishingcosmetologyschoolin2009,shebeganwhatshenowcallsherRedChairProject,____38____outtopeopleonthestreets.Anditallbeganwithabeliefinsimpleactsof____39____,suchasafreehaircut.“Thewayyoushowupintheworld____40____,”saysSteller.“Youhavenoideawhatpeoplearegoingtodowithkindnessthatyougivethem.”21.A.need B.sign C.cry D.scene22.A.bent B.turned C.rolled D.slowed23.A.off B.away C.around D.out24.A.looked B.pretended C.recognized D.dressed25.A.Normally B.Suitably C.Immediately D.Actually26.A.back B.on C.there D.about27.A.take B.find C.throw D.load28.A.break B.look C.while D.seat29.A.parents B.workmates C.children D.relatives30.A.funny B.good C.easy D.lucky31.A.drives B.chairs C.haircuts D.talks32.A.power B.cost C.start D.stress33.A.pride B.respect C.belief D.courage34.A.change B.create C.lead D.make35.A.Reviewing B.Trying C.Using D.Seeing36.A.store B.school C.car D.salon37.A.before B.after C.as D.when38.A.turning B.reaching C.coming D.passing39.A.service B.random C.kindness D.leadership40.A.matters B.happens C.conveys D.plans【答案】21.B22.C23.C24.A25.D26.A27.D28.D29.C30.B31.C32.A33.B34.A35.D36.D37.B38.B39.C40.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了KatieSteller發(fā)起了“紅椅子計劃”，專門為街頭有需要的人們理發(fā)。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她在一個紅綠燈前停了下來，一個男人坐在那里，舉著一個求助的牌子。A.need需要；B.sign指示牌；C.cry哭泣；D.scene現(xiàn)場。根據(jù)常識和句中“amanwassitting”和“askingforhelp”可推知，坐在地上的男人在尋求幫助，所以他手里有一個求助的牌子。故選B項?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她搖下車窗。A.bent彎腰；B.turned使轉(zhuǎn)動；C.rolled搖(車窗)；D.slowed減速。根據(jù)上文“pulledoffthefreeway”、“Shestoppedatatrafficlight”和句中“downherwindow”可知，KatieSteller看見這個求助的男人時，她正在車?yán)铮运龘u下車窗給他說話。故選C項?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：“嘿!”她喊道。“我開車到處免費幫人理發(fā)”。A.off關(guān)掉；B.away離開；C.around到處；D.out向外。根據(jù)下文“Todate,Stellerhasgiven30orsosuch11topeoplearoundthecity.”可知，Steller在城市里到處幫人理發(fā)。故選C項?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這個男人看起來有60多歲。A.looked看起來像；B.pretended假裝；C.recognized認(rèn)識；D.dressed給……穿衣。根據(jù)句中“inhis60s”和下文“Hewasheavyset,balding,andmissingafewteeth.”可知，句中在對這個男人的外貌進行描寫，他看起來60多歲。故選A項。【25題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：“事實上，”他說，“我這周要去參加一個葬禮。我真的很想去剪個頭發(fā)。”。A.Normally通常；B.Suitably適當(dāng)?shù)兀籆.Immediately馬上；D.Actually實際上。根據(jù)男人的話“Ihaveafuneraltogotothisweek.Iwasreallyhopingtogetahaircut.”可知，他在告訴Steller一個事實，actually“實際上，其實(用于開始新話題)”，符合語境。故選D項?！?6題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：“我馬上回來?！彼固乩照f。A.back回到原處；B.on在上面；C.there在那里；D.about大約。根據(jù)下文“Shedroveoff,wenttothesalonsheowns,andrecruitedoneofherstyliststohelpher7aredchairintohercar.Thenthetwoofthemdroveback.”可知，Steller回到美容店去拿椅子，所以她說“我馬上回來。”。故選A項?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她開車離開，去了自己的美發(fā)店，找了一個造型師幫她把一把紅椅子裝進車?yán)铩.take攜帶；B.find找到；C.throw投；D.load裝進。根據(jù)句中“intohercar”可知，他們把紅椅子裝進車?yán)铩９蔬xD項。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那個叫愛德華的男人坐了下來，他們修剪了一下他灰白的卷發(fā)。A.break裂縫；B.look看；C.while一段時間；D.seat座位。根據(jù)下文“theytrimmed(修剪)hiscurlygrayinghair”可推知，那個叫愛德華的男人先坐下來，然后她們開始給他理發(fā)。takeaseat意為“坐下，就坐”。故選D項。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他向他們講述了自己在密西西比州長大經(jīng)歷，講述了為了離成年子女更近而搬到明尼蘇達州的經(jīng)歷，以及他仍然每天都和母親交談的經(jīng)歷。A.parents父母；B.workmates同事；C.children孩子們；D.relatives親屬。根據(jù)語境和句中“beclosertohisadult...”可推知，男人講述了自己一生中的幾件重要事情，結(jié)合常識，句中說他自己搬到明尼蘇達州與自己的成年子女相伴。故選C項?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“我看起來還不錯!”他說。A.funny滑稽的；B.good好的；C.easy容易的；D.lucky幸運的。男人接受了Steller的免費理發(fā)后說“I’llhavetoremembertoputmyteethinnexttime.”，可見他對自己的新形象感覺不錯，很滿意。故選B項?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：到目前為止，斯特勒已經(jīng)在這座城市給人們大約剪了30次發(fā)。A.drives驅(qū)動力；B.chairs椅子；C.haircuts理發(fā)；D.talks會談。根據(jù)上文“I’mdriving3givingfreehaircuts.”可知，Steller全城免費幫人理發(fā)，所以她已經(jīng)這樣幫人剪了大約30次發(fā)。故選C項。【32題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這些客戶都生活在社會的邊緣，她很清楚自己的理發(fā)工作帶來的影響。A.power影響；B.cost成本；C.start開始；D.stress壓力。根據(jù)下文“‘It’smorethanahaircut,’shesays,‘Iwantittobeagateway,toshowvalueand13,butalsotogettoknowpeople.Iwanttobuildrelationship.’”可知，Steller知道自己這樣做的意義和帶來的影響。故選A項?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我想讓它成為一個途徑，展示價值和尊重，同時也了解人們。A.pride自豪；B.respect尊敬；C.belief相信；D.courage勇氣。根據(jù)上文可知，Steller在城中幫助那些有需要的，生活在社會邊緣的人們理發(fā)，這表明了對人的尊重。故選B項?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：斯特勒知道，理發(fā)可以改變一個人的人生。A.change改變；B.create創(chuàng)造；C.lead引領(lǐng)；D.make制造。根據(jù)下文“Onechangedhers:...”可知，小時候的一次理發(fā)改變了Steller的人生，所以她知道：理發(fā)可以改變一個人的人生。故選A項?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義