江蘇省宿遷市2021-2022學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末調(diào)研測(cè)試英語試題含解析

高二年級(jí)調(diào)研測(cè)試

英語試卷

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需

改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫

在本試卷上無效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂

到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選

項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅

讀一遍。

1.Whatistheweatherliketoday?

A.Rainy.B.Cloudy.C.Sunny.

2.Howoldisthemannow?

A.Just20.B.About23.C.Nearly18.

3.Whatisthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Schoolmates.B.Co-workers.C.Husbandandwife.

4.Wherearethespeakers?

A.Attheairport.B.Atawedding.C.Inaclothingshop.

5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Sports.B.Plans.C.Hobbies.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)

中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完

后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Whichmoviewillthewomansee?

A.Terminator4.B.TheSimpsons.C.AliceinWonderland.

7.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?

A.HewillwatchTheSimpsons.

B.Hemetthewomansixweeksago.

C.Heloveswatchingmovieswithhisfamily.

聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。

8.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Inthestreet.B.Intheclassroom.C.Intheoffice.

9.Whydoesthewomanlookupset?

A.Shehasgotstuckintraffic.

B.ShemissedherEnglishclass.

C.Shefeltthatsomethingbadhadhappened.

10.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthewoman'swords?

A.Interested.B.Doubtful.C.Certain.

聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。

11.Whowillpayforthemeal?

A.Theman.B.Thewoman.C.GoDutch.

12.Howmuchdothespeakersplantolip?

A.$20.B.$9.C.$15.

13.Whatdothespeakersthinkofthismeal?

A.Justso-sO.B.Verysatisfactory.C.Quitedisappointing.

聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。

14.Howdoesthemansoundatfirst?

A.Nervous.B.Confident.C.Surprised.

15.Howlongdidthemanworkasadeliveryman?

A.Halfayear.B.Ayear.C.Twoyears.

16.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?

A.Thewomanlikestoeatpizza.

B.Themanisuninterestedinhismajor.

C.Thewomanwillbetheman'sleader.

17.Whatarethespeakersdoing?

A.Conductinganinterview.

B.Talkingabouthowtofindajob.

C.Discussingtheirworkexperience.

聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。

18.Howmanydriverscanfindplacestoparktheircarsinamedium-sizedcity?

A.Around100,000.B.Around50,000.C.Around15,000.

19.Whatisthepurposeofthe“Park&Ride”system?

A.Toencouragepeopletousepublictransport.

B.Tobuildmoreparkingareasinthecitycenter.

C.Tochargelowerparkingfeesinthecitycenter.

20.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?

A.HowtodealwithtrafficjamsinChina.

B.HowtosolvetheparkingprobleminChina.

C.HowtolimitthenumberofprivatecarlicensesinChina.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

TheBayAreaScienceFestivalisback!Goingintoits11thyear,thefestivalisofferingagreatmixofbothin-

personandvirtualeventsforthecuriousofallages.Itpreviouslywasheldinthefall,butduetoregional

wildfires,thefestivalhasbeenmovedtothespringthisyearandwillbeginonThursday,April21-intimeto

celebrateEarthDayonFriday,April22—andrunthroughApril30,Hereareafewrecommendationsrelatedto

environmentalscience.

ChanRineShorelines

April25,2022,6p.m.一7p.m.

Thisin-persontourandwalkthroughthehistoryofsouthSanFrancisco'sshorelinewillbeanexplorationof

howbothclimatechangeandsea-levelrisehaveaffectedtheshiftsinourshorelines—andyou'lllearnaboutways

toprotectthem.

WildfirefromSpace

April26,2022,7p.m.—8p.m.

OurveryownKQEDevent,hostedbyRobertSimmonsfromPlanetLabs,offersvirtualandin-person

opportunitiestolearnaboutwildfiresthroughsatelliteimagery.Seewildfiresfromspaceandlearnhowthelatest

satellitetechnologyhelpsagenciesandcommunitiesmanageemergencyresponseduringbums.

VirtualTourofRccology

April27,2022,1p.m.—2p.m.

Whathappenstotheitemsyouplaceinyourroadsidebins?Thisvirtualeventwillhelpyoulearnaboutthe

historyofRecology,whatittakestorecycleallthatstuff,andwhatyoucandotocreatechangethathasimpact.

GreywatcrandWetlands

April30,2022,2p.m.—4p.m.

Thisin-persontouroftheEcoCenterwillexploreenvironmentaljusticethemesthroughthehistoryofthe

Bayview-HuntersPointneighborhood.You111learnhowashippingterminalbecamearestoredwetlandhabitat.

Plus,you'Hhaveachancetotransplantthenativesaltgrassthathelpsrestorewetlandsandprovideshabitatfor

migratingbirds.

1.WhichofthefollowingisasuitabletimeforpeopletoattendtheScienceFestival?

A.OnApril20.B.OnMay21.

C.OnApril22.D.OnMay30.

2.Ifyouareinterestedintherecyclingofhouseholdwaste,whicheventisthebestchoice?

A.WildfirefromSpace.B.VirtualTourofRecology.

C.ChangingShorelines.D.GreywaterandWetlands.

3.Whatdothefoureventsatthefestivalhaveincommon?

A.Theyareheldinthefallthisyear.B.Theyaredesignedforallteenagers.

C.Theyarebothonlineandofflineactivities.D.Environmentalscienceisacommontheme.

【答案】l.C2.B3.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹灣區(qū)科學(xué)節(jié)上的幾個(gè)與環(huán)境科學(xué)有關(guān)的活動(dòng)推薦。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"Itpreviouslywasheldinthefall,butduetoregionalwildfires,thefestivalhasbeen

movedtothespringthisyearandwillbeginonThursday,April21—inlimeiocelebrateEarthDayonFriday,

April22-andrunthroughApril30."（之前的慶?；顒?dòng)是在秋天舉行的，但由于當(dāng)?shù)氐纳执蠡?，今年的慶

?；顒?dòng)被推遲到了春季，并將于4月21日（星期四）開始，以及慶祝4月22日（星期五）的地球日，一直持

續(xù)到4月30日。）可知，科學(xué)節(jié)從4月21日開始，一直持續(xù)到4月30日。所以4月22日適合人們參加

科學(xué)節(jié)。故選C。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)VirtualTourofRccolog、部分“Whathappenstotheitemsyouplaceinyourroadsidebins?

ThisvirtualeventwillhelpyoulearnaboutthehistoryofRecology,whatittakestorecycleallthatstuff,andwhat

youcandotocreatechangethathasimpact."（你放在路邊垃圾桶里的東西怎么辦？這個(gè)虛擬活動(dòng)將幫助你

了解再生學(xué)的歷史，回收所有這些東西需要什么，以及你可以做什么來創(chuàng)造有影響力的改變。）可知，對(duì)

循環(huán)再造家居廢物有興趣的人，可以參加這個(gè)活動(dòng)。故選B。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Hereareafewrecommendationsrelatedtoenvironmentalscience."（這里有一些

與環(huán)境科學(xué)有關(guān)的推薦。）可知，這4個(gè)活動(dòng)的共同特點(diǎn)是他們的主題都是環(huán)境科學(xué)。故選D。

B

Asthefifthofsevenchildren,Iwenttothesamepublicschoolasmythreeeldersistersandbrother.Every

year,mymotherwenttothesameceremonyandhadparent-childinterviewswithteachers.Andeverychild

participatedinanoldschooltradition——theannualplantsaleheldinearlyMay,justtimelyforMother'sDay.

Whatwasdifferentwasthechild.

ThirdgradewasthefirsttimeIwasallowedtojoinintheplantsale.Originally,Iwantedtosurprisemy

mother.Forlackofenoughmoney,Iwenttomyeldestsisterandsharedmythought,afterwhichshesupported

mefinancially.Whenarrivingattheplantsale,Icarefullymademyselection,inspectingeachplantforthebest

geranium（天竺葵）andtakingithomeinsecret.WhenMother'sDayarrived,Irememberhowproudand

delightedmymotherwastoreceivethespecialgift.

TheyearIwasfifteen,myyoungersisterreachedthirdgrade.InearlyMay,shecametomefullofwonder

andsecrecyandtoldmethataplantsalewastobeheldatschool.Asmyeldersisterdidfbrme,Igavehersome

moneyandoffshewent.Shearrivedhomefullofnervousexcitement,thegeraniumhiddeninapaperbagunder

hersweater.lookedateveryplant,“sheexplained,"andIknowIgotthebestone!^^

Whenshegavemymotherthegeranium,theywerebothburstingwithprideanddelight.Mymotheralso

noticedmeandgavemeasoft,secretsmile.Withatugatmyheart,Ismiledback.Ihadbeenwonderinghowmy

mothercouldpretendtobesurprisedatthisgiftfromhersixthchild,butasIwatchedhereyeslightupwith

delightasshewaspresentedwiththatmostpreciousgift,Iknewshewasnotpretending.

4.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?

A.Oursiblingswerefromdifferentschools.

BMotherrepeatedlywentforsimilarinterviews.

C.Theannualplantsalewasintendedforrecreation.

D.Theoldschooltraditionwasheldeveryotheryear.

5.Whydidmymothergivemeasoft,secretsmile?

A.Becauseshedidn'tlikethegiftatall.

B.Becauseshewaspretendingtobehappy.

C.BecausesheknewIgavemoneytomysister.

D.Becauseshedidn'twantmetoletoutthesecret.

6.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor?

A.Reliable.B.Considerate.

C.HonestD.Frank.

7.What'sthesuitabletitleforthispassage?

A.SecretsmileB.Mother'sDay

C.GeraniumofloveD.Annualplantsale

【答案】4.B5.D6.B7.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者和妹妹不約而同準(zhǔn)備了天竺葵送給媽媽作為母親節(jié)禮

物的暖心故事。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段**Everyyear,mymotherwenttothesameceremonyandhadparent-childinterviews

withteachers.（每年我媽媽都會(huì)去參加同一個(gè)儀式，和老師進(jìn)行親子訪談）”可知，每年媽媽都會(huì)去參加相

似的親子訪談。故選B。

【5題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Whenshegavemymotherthegeranium,theywerebothburstingwithprideand

delight.Mymotheralsonoticedmeandgavemeasoft,secretsmile.（當(dāng)她把天竺葵送給母親時(shí)，她們倆都洋溢

著驕傲和喜悅。我的母親也注意到了我，給了我一個(gè)溫柔的、秘密的微笑）”可推斷，作者的媽媽希望作

者保守秘密，讓作者的妹妹覺得自己選的禮物是獨(dú)一無二的。故選D。

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段"ThirdgradewasthefirsttimeIwasallowedtojoinintheplantsale.Originally,I

wantedtosurprisemymother.（三年級(jí)是我第一次被允許參加工廠銷售。本來，我想給我媽媽一個(gè)驚喜）“以

及最后一段"Ihadbeenwonderinghowmymothercouldpretendtobesurprisedatthisgiftfromhersixthchild,

butasIwatchedhereyeslightupwithdelightasshewaspresentedwiththatmostpreciousgift,Iknewshewas

notpretending」我一直在想，我的母親如何能假裝對(duì)她第六個(gè)孩子送給她的禮物感到驚訝，但當(dāng)我看到她

得到這份最珍貴的禮物時(shí)，她的眼睛里閃爍著喜悅的光芒，我知道她不是在假裝）”可推斷，作者是一個(gè)

很體貼、善解人意的孩子。故選B。

【7題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講述了作者和妹妹不約而同準(zhǔn)備了天竺葵送給媽媽作為母親

節(jié)禮物的暖心故事。整篇文章，天竺葵貫穿前后，代表了作者和妹妹對(duì)媽媽的愛，也寓意了媽媽對(duì)子女

的愛護(hù)。由此可知，“Geraniumoflove（愛的天竺葵）”最適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選C。

C

Campaignstoprotectthenaturalworldaregettingincreasinglyambitious.Butalthoughthereisconvincing

evidencethatprotectedareaspreventhabitatloss,proofthattheyactuallybenefitwildlifeissurprisinglyscanty.

Now,thefirstlargestudyofitskindshowsnaturereservescanincreasewaterbirdpopulations,buttypicallyonly

ifhumanstakeanactiveroleintheirmanagement.

Tounderstandtheimpactofnaturereserves,conservationscientistHannahWauchopedecidedtoanalyze

populationsofwaterbirdspecies.First,theteamidentified1506protectedareasthathadpopulationdatafrom

bothbeforeandaftertheywerecreated.Then,theypairedeachreservewithoneormorecontrolsites—asimilar

patchofnearbyhabitat—thatwasunprotected.Thissetuphelpedtheresearchersunderstandhowtheprotected

areainfluencedbirdpopulations.

Theresearchershadhopedtheanalysiswouldclearlyshowprotectedareasbenefitbirds.However,only27%

ofwaterbirdpopulationsinprotectedareasincreasedafterthecreationofthereservewhile21%ofpopulations

werenegativelyimpacted,comparedwiththecontrolsites,afterareservewasestablished.Asilverliningisthat

nearlyhalfthestudiedgroupsneithergrewnorshrank:Atleastthosepopulationswerestable.

Tofigureoutwhatwasresponsibleforthepopulationgainsandlosses,theteamanalyzedmultiplefactors,of

whichthemostimportantwaswhetherthesitewasspecificallymanagedforwaterbirds.Thatcouldmeankeeping

riversandlakesattherightlevelsfortheprotectedspecies,removinginvasiveweeds,orinstallingfencingtokeep

outinvasivepredators.

“Themodestsuccessoftheseprotectedareasmakessense.^^saysPaulFerraro,anenvironmentaleconomist.

Inmanypolicycontexts,henotes,mostinterventionsworknobetterthanthestatusquo.However,thenew

study'smixedresultsarewhatgoodscienceactuallylookslikeandweneedmorestudieslikethisone.

8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“scanty“probablymeaninthefirstparagraph?

A.Believable.B.Solid.C.Insufficient.D.Conflicting.

9.Whatcanweknowaboutnaturereservesfromparagraph3?

A.Nearlyhalfofthewaterbirdpopulationsareinastablestate.

B.Amajorityofthewaterbirdpopulationswerenegativelyaffected.

CNaturereservesincreasedthewaterbirdpopulationsasexpected.

D.Protectedareasmakemuchdifferencetothewaterbirdpopulations.

10.Whichofthefollowingistheleadingcauseofthefailureofnaturereserves?

A.Smallsize.B.Humanactivities.

C.Invasiveweeds.D.Ineffectivemanagement.

11.Whyaretheenvironmentaleconomisfswordsquoted?

A.Toemphasizethevalueofthestudy.B.Toshowthedrawbacksofintervention.

C.Toindicatethedifficultyofmorestudies.D.Toexpresssatisfactionaboutthestatusquo.

【答案】8.C9.A10.D11.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要講述建立自然保護(hù)區(qū)和人類的干預(yù)對(duì)野生動(dòng)物的影響。

【8題詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段"Butalthoughthereisconvincingevidencethatprotectedareaspreventhabitatloss,

proofthattheyactuallybenefitwildlifeissurprisinglyscanty.M（但是，盡管有令人信服的證據(jù)表明，保護(hù)區(qū)

可以防止棲息地的喪失，但是能證明保護(hù)區(qū)實(shí)際上有益于野生動(dòng)物的證據(jù)卻驚人地scanty。）可知，

scanty是形容詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意思可知，2個(gè)小分句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系，上文提到“有令人信服的證

據(jù)”，下文就應(yīng)該是“能證明保護(hù)區(qū)實(shí)際上有益于野生動(dòng)物的證據(jù)是不足的”，這樣上下文才能構(gòu)成對(duì)

比和轉(zhuǎn)折，所以scanty的意思應(yīng)該是“不足的”，和選項(xiàng)C意思一致。故選C。

【9題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段"Asilverliningisthatnearlyhalfthestudiedgroupsne汕ergrewnorshrank:Atleast

thosepopulationswerestable."（值得慶幸的是，幾乎一半的研究群體既沒有增長也沒有減少：至少這些群

體是穩(wěn)定的。）可知，幾乎一半的水鳥數(shù)量是處于穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)的。故選A。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段"Tofigureoutwhatwasresponsibleforthepopulationgainsandlosses,theteam

analyzedmultiplefactors,ofwhichthemostimportantwaswhetherthesitewasspecificallymanagedfor

waterbirds."（為了弄清楚是什么導(dǎo)致了這些鳥的數(shù)量的增加和減少，研究小組分析了多種因素，其中最重

要的是這個(gè)地方是否是專門為水鳥管理的。）可知，管理是決定鳥類數(shù)量的最重要因素，所以如果一個(gè)自

然保護(hù)區(qū)失敗了，那么，最重要的原因應(yīng)該是管理不善。故選D。

【11題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“"Themodestsuccessoftheseprotectedareasmakessense.^^saysPaulFerraro,an

environmentaleconomist."（“這些保護(hù)區(qū)的適度成功是有意義的?！杯h(huán)境經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家保羅?費(fèi)拉羅說。）可

知，作者引用環(huán)境經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家保羅?費(fèi)拉羅的話，是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)研究的價(jià)值。故選A。

D

Welcometotheanti-climax,theoften-experiencedbutseldom-discusseddownsideofachievinglife's

milestones.Inpsychology,thebeliefthatachievingourgoalwillbringusalastingfeelingofhappinessiscalled

"arrivalfallacy”,whichplaysabigpartinthefeelingsofemptinessthatfollowit.

It'safeelingthat'salltoofamiliarforKatieFord,aveterinarysurgeon.Togainanextraqualification,sheput

incountlesshoursofstudyandmadelotsofsacrificesalongtheway,butnowinsteadofcelebrationandpride,she

feelsemptinessandconfusion,whichhavethepotentialtodevelopsymptomsofdepressionandlowmood.

Ifyoufindyourselfinasimilarsituationoryoususpectworkingtowardsyourmilestonesmaybealetdown

whenyoureachthefinishline,therearestepstohelpgetridofanti-climax.First,insteadofrushingforittobe

done,slowdowntoenjoythedoing,andrememberthatlotsofthingsinourlivesarenevertrulydone,but

constantlyevolvejustlikewedo.Anothervitalstepisacknowledgingthesmallwins.Wehavelotsofstepping

stonestoabiggoaltopauseon,socelebratehowfaryou'vecomefromthefirstone,andlookforwardtothe

manystonesinfront.Third,anticipatinganti-climaxesintheleaduptobigmilestonescanalsolessentheir

impact.Anti-climaxesarejustascommonaspost-holidayblues,sowe'dbetternormalizethem.

Ratherthandownplayingyourmilestonesormovingstraighttothenext,mindfullycherishthemoment,

recognizeyourprogressandrewardyourselfpositively.Thatway,youwon'tfallintothefallacyofhaving”made

if9.Instead,you'llseethatyouarehappily“makingit“alongthejourneythatisanentirelifetime.

12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inthefirstparagraphreferto?

A.Thebelief.B.Achievingourgoal.

C.Arrivalfallacy.D.Afeelingofhappiness.

13.WhydoestheauthorcitetheexampleofKatieFord?

A.Toexplainarule.B.Toclarifyaconcept.

C.Todrawaconclusion.D.Tomakeaprediction.

14.Whatdoesthethirdparagraphmainlytalkabout?

A.Whetheryoufallvictimtoanti-climax.

B.WhetheryouempathizewithKatieFord.

C.Howyoucanprotectyourselffromanti-climax.

D.Howyoucanidentifythesymptomsofanti-climax.

15.What'sthepurposeofthisarticle?

A.Tohelpushowtodealwithanti-climax.

B.Tosetreadersthinkingaboutanti-climax.

C.Toremindusofthedangerofanti-climax.

D.Todiscussthenecessityofpreventinganti-climax.

【答案】12.B13.B14.C15.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要告訴人們?cè)诜锤叱薄⒏械娇仗摃r(shí)應(yīng)該如何面對(duì)和解決。

【12題詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段“Inpsychology,thebeliefthatachievingourgoalwillbringusalastingfeelingof

happinessiscalled“arrivalfbllacy”,whichplaysabigpartinthefeelingsofemptinessthatfollowit.n（在心理學(xué)

中，相信實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)會(huì)帶給我們持久的幸福感，這種信念被稱為“到達(dá)謬誤”，它在隨之而來的空虛感中

扮演了重要角色。）分析可知，it指代上文提到的“實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)”。whichplaysabigpartinthefeelingsof

emptinessthatfollowit.引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞是arrivalfallacy,that引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾the

feelings,可以翻譯為：到達(dá)謬誤在跟隨實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)而來的空虛感中扮演了重要角色。故選B。

【13題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段"It'safeelingthat'salltoofamiliarforKatieFord,aveterinarysurgeon.Togainan

extraqualification,sheputincountlesshoursofstudyandmadelotsofsacrificesalongtheway,butnowinstead

ofcelebrationandpride,shefeelsemptinessandconfusion,whichhavethepotentialtodevelopsymptomsof

depressionandlowmood."（這種感覺對(duì)KatieFord來說再熟悉不過了，她是個(gè)獸醫(yī)。為了獲得一個(gè)額外

的資格證書，她投入了無數(shù)個(gè)小時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)，一路上做出了很多犧牲，但現(xiàn)在，她感到的不是慶祝和驕

傲，而是空虛和困惑，這有可能導(dǎo)致抑郁和反高潮的癥狀。）可知，這一段以KatieFord為例，是為了進(jìn)

一步闡明第一段提到的“到達(dá)謬誤”這一概念。故選B。

【14題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Ifyoufindyourselfinasimilarsituationoryoususpectworkingtowardsyour

milestonesmaybealetdownwhenyoureachthefinishline,therearestepstohelpgetridofanti-climax.First,

insteadofrushingforittobedone,slowdowntoenjoythedoing,andrememberthatlotsofthingsinourlivesare

nevertrulydone,butconstantlyevolvejustlikewedo.Anothervitalstepisacknowledgingthesmallwins.We

havelotsofsteppingstonestoabiggoaltopauseon,socelebratehowfaryou'vecomefromthefirstone,and

lookforwardtothemanystonesinfront.Third,anticipatinganti-climaxesintheleaduptobigmilestonescan

alsolessentheirimpact.Anti-climaxesarejustascommonaspost-holidayblues,sowe'dbetternormalize

them."（如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己處于類似的情況，或者你懷疑朝著里程碑前進(jìn)的過程可能會(huì)讓你在到達(dá)終點(diǎn)時(shí)感

到失望，這里有一些步驟可以幫助你擺脫反高潮。首先，與其急著去做，不如慢下來享受做這件事的過

程。記住，我們生活中的很多事情從來沒有真正完成過，而是像我們一樣不斷進(jìn)化。另一個(gè)重要的步驟

是承認(rèn)小的勝利。我們有很多通向大目標(biāo)的墊腳石，可以停下來，所以慶祝你從第一個(gè)目標(biāo)走了多遠(yuǎn)，

并期待前面的許多墊腳石。第三，在重要的里程碑之前預(yù)估反高潮也可以減少它們的影響。反高潮和節(jié)

后抑郁一樣普遍，所以我們最好把它們常態(tài)化）可知，這一段主要介紹如何保護(hù)自己免受反高潮的影響。

故選C。

【15題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Ratherthandownplayingyourmilestonesormovingstraighttothenext,

mindfullycherishthemoment,recognizeyourprogressandrewardyourselfpositively.Thatway,youwon'tfall

intothefallacyofhaving“madeif,.Instead,you'llseethatyouarehappily“makingit“alongthejourneythatis

anentirelifetime."（與其淡化你的里程碑或者直接進(jìn)入下一個(gè)階段，不如謹(jǐn)慎地珍惜當(dāng)下，認(rèn)識(shí)到你的進(jìn)

步并且積極地獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)自己。這樣，你就不會(huì)陷入“成功”的謬論。相反，你會(huì)看到自己在一生的旅程中快

樂地“成功”。）可知，作者寫這篇文章是為了幫助我們?nèi)绾谓鉀Q反高潮。故選A。

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選

項(xiàng)，

Whenheadingtobed,peopleoftendosomethingstopromotesleep,suchasdrinkingacupofwarmmilk.

16Theanswerisvaried.

"Onereasonthatwarmmilkmakespeoplesleepyisthatitremindsyouofthepersonwhowaskindenough

togiveittoyouwhenyouwereyounger,'*saidpsychologistMichael.17

Onthemolecularlevel,thetryptophan（色氨酸）inmilkhaspropertieswhichcanpromotesleeping.

18Ourbodiesusethetryptophanfromfood,alongwithotherthings,toproducethebrainchemical

serotonin,whichistransformedintomelatonin,ahormonethathelpsyousleep.

19That'sbecausethebodytransformsitintohormonesthatenhancesleep.Butinreality,itwould

takealotoftryptophantomakeapersonfeelsleepy.Evenifapersondrinksthatmuchmilk,it'sunclearwhether

thehighamountoftryptophanwouldbeenoughtomakehimorherfeelsleepy.Milk,afterall,containsmany

othermaterialsthatcompetetoenterourbrainthroughtheblood.Thus,thesleep-promotingeffectofmilkis

limited.

Asforthetemperatureofthemilk,therearen'tanystudiesthatsuggestmilkhastobewarmforanyofits

psychologicalorphysicaleffectstokickin.20Itcaninturnhelptorelaxthebody.

A.Thecalmingassociationmayhelptolowerpre-sleepanxiety.

B.Intheory,takingfoodrichintryptophancanmakeusfeelsleepy.

C.Thebodyneedsthetryptophaninthemilktocalmourselvesdown.

D.Canthetemperatureofthemilkacceleratethespeedofoursleeping?

E.Thebodycannotproducetryptophan,sopeoplemustgetitfromthediet.

F.Butthewarmthofthemilkmayhelpraiseourinternalbodytemperatures.

G.Butisthereanyscientificevidencethatdrinkingwarmmilkwillmakeyousleepy?

【答案】16.G17.A18.E19.B20.F

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要對(duì)睡前喝熱牛奶是否對(duì)睡眠有用進(jìn)行了解釋。文章指出，熱牛奶

之所以對(duì)你睡眠有助一方面是因?yàn)樗屇阆肫鹪?jīng)給你熱牛奶的人，這有一定緩解焦慮的作用；另一方

面是因?yàn)闊崤Ｄ汤锏纳彼嵋灿写龠M(jìn)睡眠的作用，但是實(shí)際情況來看，可能其效果有限。除此以外，牛

奶的溫度從某種程度上也能讓你放松，從而睡個(gè)好覺。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)后文“Theanswerisvaried.（這個(gè)答案是多種多樣的。）”以及<<44Onereasonthatwarmmilkmakes

peoplesleepyisthatitremindsyouofthepersonwhowaskindenoughtogiveittoyouwhenyouwereyounger,',

saidpsychologistMichael.（心理學(xué)家邁克爾說：“熱牛奶讓人昏昏欲睡的一個(gè)原因是，它會(huì)讓你想起那個(gè)在

你年輕時(shí)好心給你熱牛奶的人。"）”和<40nthemolecularlevel,thetryptophan（色氨酸）inmilkhas

propertieswhichcanpromotesleeping.（在分子水平上，色氨酸具有促進(jìn)睡眠的特性。）”可知，后文是對(duì)選

項(xiàng)所提出的一個(gè)問題進(jìn)行回答，該問題跟后文所提到的內(nèi)容相關(guān)，故選項(xiàng)應(yīng)為一個(gè)疑問句。選項(xiàng)G中的

scientificevidencev對(duì)應(yīng)后文中的“Onthemolecularlevel”，而選項(xiàng)中的makeyousleepy在后文又被提

到，兩者互相照應(yīng)。故選G項(xiàng)。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)前文“'Onereasonthatwarmmilkmakespeoplesleepyisthatitremindsyouofthepersonwhowaskind

enoughtogiveittoyouwhenyouwereyounger,1saidpsychologistMichael.（心理學(xué)家邁克爾說：“熱牛奶讓人

昏昏欲睡的一個(gè)原因是，它會(huì)讓你想起那個(gè)在你年輕時(shí)好心給你熱牛奶的人。“）"可知，熱牛奶讓人想

起曾經(jīng)給自己溫暖的人，使人內(nèi)心感動(dòng)，這種聯(lián)系能減緩睡前焦慮。選項(xiàng)A中的“Thecalming

association"對(duì)應(yīng)前文的提到的“想起那個(gè)在你年輕時(shí)好心給你熱牛奶的人”，這會(huì)產(chǎn)生令人鎮(zhèn)靜的作

用，因此推斷A項(xiàng)“這種鎮(zhèn)靜的聯(lián)系可能有助于降低睡前焦慮?！狈险Z境。故選A項(xiàng)。

18題詳解】

根據(jù)后文“Ourbodiesusethetryptophanfromfood,alongwithotherthings,toproducethebrainchemical

serotonin,whichistransformedintomelatonin,ahormonethathelpsyousleep.（我們身體利用食物中的色氨

酸和其他物質(zhì)來產(chǎn)生大腦化學(xué)物質(zhì)血清素。血清素被轉(zhuǎn)化為褪黑激素，這種激素有助于睡眠。）”可知，

色氨酸是從食物以及其他物質(zhì)中獲取的，我們身體本身不具有色氨酸。故E選項(xiàng)中的“getitfromthe

diet對(duì)應(yīng)**usethetryptophanfromfood,alongwithotherthings**,因此推斷E項(xiàng)“人體不能產(chǎn)生色氨

酸，所以人們必須從飲食中獲取色氨酸?！狈险Z境。故選E項(xiàng)。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)后文"That'sbecausethebodytransformsitintohormonesthatenhancesleep.Butinreality,itwouldtakea

lotoftryptophantomakeapersonfeelsleepy.（這是因?yàn)樯眢w將其轉(zhuǎn)化為增強(qiáng)睡眠的激素。但事實(shí)上，需要大

量的色氨酸才能讓人感到困倦。）”可知，本段從理論和實(shí)際兩個(gè)方面去論述到底色氨酸是否具有助眠的

作用。選項(xiàng)B中的“Intheory”與后文的“Butinreality”相對(duì)應(yīng)。因此推斷B項(xiàng)“從理論上講，食用富

含色氨酸的食物會(huì)讓我們感到困倦?！狈险Z境。故選B項(xiàng)。

【20題詳解】

根據(jù)前文“Asforthetemperatureofthemilk,therearen'tanystudiesthatsuggestmilkhastobewarmforany

ofitspsychologicalorphysicaleffectstokickin.（至于牛奶的溫度，沒有任何研究表明牛奶必須是熱的才能

發(fā)揮其心理或生理作用。）"以及后文"Itcaninturnhelptorelaxthebody.（這反過來有助于放松身體。）“

可知，本段講述的是牛奶的溫度可能也是一個(gè)影響助眠效果的因素。選項(xiàng)F中的"thewarmthofthe

milk”對(duì)應(yīng)前文的"ihetemperatureofthemilk”以及選項(xiàng)中的"raiseourinternalbodytemperatures”對(duì)應(yīng)

后文的“it”，故選項(xiàng)F“但牛奶的溫度可能有助于提高我們體內(nèi)的溫度?！狈险Z境，具有承上啟下的

作用。故選F項(xiàng)。

第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

LifeRollsOn

IwasaboutninethefirsttimeIgotonaboard.WhenIwastwelve,Ibegantocompeteinsurfing,21

numberoneinPacificSurfSeries.Fortunefavoredme22eversince.

Thencametheday23mylifechanged.AsIsurfed,thewave24meinmybacksofastthatI

hadnotimetorespond.Mywholebodywentnumb-unableto25.Unsurprisingly,Iwasdiagnosed

paralyzed（癱瘓的）.

Badasitwas,Ifeltproudofmyselfby26thewilltolive.Insteadofbeingafraid,Irealizedhow

27Ihadbeenthefirstseventeenyearsofmylife,feelingblessedbyGod.

Thatfall,Ireturnedtoschoolandendedup28ontime.Shortlyafterthat,Iwaseven29bya

UniversitywhereIlivedmylifetothefullestfromgoingout