具體譯法和抽象譯法專業(yè)知識(shí)講座課件

transportation→交通→交通工具translation→翻譯→翻譯作品family→家庭→家庭成員class→班級(jí)→全班學(xué)生verytimid→非常膽小→膽小如鼠doevilthingsopenly→毫不隱蔽的干壞事→明火執(zhí)仗befullofanxietyandworry→十分掛念→牽腸掛肚agreatandthorough-goingchange→翻天覆地的變化veryanxioustoreturnhome→歸心似箭havenotcutoffrelationshipcompletely→藕斷絲連greatinmomentumandirresistible→排山倒海之勢(shì)acceleratethespeed；speedup→快馬加鞭大吵大鬧→raisetheroof公開認(rèn)錯(cuò)→standinawhitesheet有花不完的錢→haveenoughmoneytoburn話中有話→withthetongueinthecheek獲得全勝→sweeptheboard機(jī)敏→keeponeseyesontheball堅(jiān)決反對(duì)→setone’sfaceagainst簡言之→inanutshell截然不同→oilandvinegar家丑→askeletoninthecupboard魯莽的人→abullinachinashop捏造→pullsomethingoutofoneshat非常罕見→onceinabluemoon干苦差事→hold（carry）thebaby反應(yīng)快→thinkonone’sfeet→quickonthetrigger保密→keepsomethingunderone’shatWeshouldbynomeansneglecttheevaporationofwater.我們絕不能忽視水的蒸發(fā)作用。Allthepeoplewereexasperatedbyhisfault-finding.大家都被他這種吹毛求疵的做法激怒了。Hisarrogancesenthimintoisolationandhelplessness.他的傲慢態(tài)度使他孤立無援。Manychangestakeplaceduringthetransformation.在轉(zhuǎn)化過程中出現(xiàn)了許多變化。Theblackpeoplewerefightingagainstthesegregationofthegovernment.黑人正在同政府的隔離政策作斗爭。Thecrimesenthimintonotoriety.這一罪行使他陷入聲名狼藉的境地。John’slightheartedness,however,didnotlastlong.然而，約翰的這種輕松愉快的心境沒有持續(xù)多久。Yourfrustrationwilldonogoodtoyourhealth.你的沮喪情緒于你的身體不利。Thegovernmentisdoingitsbesttoeasethetensioninthatarea.政府正在竭盡全力來緩和那個(gè)地區(qū)的緊張局勢(shì)。他每天要處理許多棘手的問題。Hehasmanyhotpotatoestohandleeveryday.我不敢肯定我能贏得這個(gè)榮譽(yù)，這還是未到手的東西。IamnotsurewhetherIcanwinthehonor;It’sabirdinthebush.你不要過早樂觀，真正的困難還在后頭呢。Don’tcountyourchickensbeforetheyarehatched.Therealdifficultiesstilllayahead.我們決不能姑息壞人。Weshouldneverwarmsnakesinourbosoms.我不想依靠父母過日子。Idon’twanttohangonmyparentssleeves.你應(yīng)該把好壞分清楚。Youshouldseparatethesheepfromthegoats.同反復(fù)無常的人沒法相處。It’shardtogetalongwithamanblowinghotandcold.他這個(gè)人只管自己的事。Heisamanwhohoeshisownpotatoes.你真是說話不看對(duì)象。Youarereallycastingpearlsbeforeswine.這個(gè)男孩真粗心，他的書都已經(jīng)折角了。Thisboyistoocareless;allhisbooksaredog-eared.具體翻譯主要包括三種類型：1，語義上具體化。eg：運(yùn)輸→運(yùn)輸工具。班級(jí)→全班學(xué)生2.抽象名詞在語言形式上的具體化手法，主要是在抽象名詞后面加上范疇詞。eg：蒸發(fā)作用，傲慢態(tài)度，轉(zhuǎn)換過程3.抽象名詞在比喻形象上的具體化手法。eg：非常膽小→膽小如鼠姑息壞人→warmsnakesinourbosoms分清好壞→separatesheepfromgoats抽象譯法為了譯文的忠實(shí)與通順，我們往往有必要把原文中帶有具體意義或具體形象的單詞、詞組、成語或句子進(jìn)行抽象化處理。這種翻譯方法稱為抽象譯法。（概括）makefishofoneandfleshofanother→厚此薄彼licksb‘sboots→巴結(jié)eatone’sheartout→極度悲痛beinsb’spocket→被某人操縱wearone’sheartonone’ssleeve→表露感情putone’scardsonthetable→表明觀點(diǎn)breaktheice→打破僵局jumpoutofone’sskin→大吃一驚walkonair→得意洋洋謙虛態(tài)度→modesty發(fā)展過程→development無知的表現(xiàn)→innocence同情心理→sympathy開門見山→comestraighttothepoint狗急跳墻→dosomethingdesperate順手牽羊→walkoffwithsomething唇槍舌劍→engageinabattleofargument黔驢技窮→atone’swit’sendIwaspracticallyonmykneesbuthestillrefused.我?guī)缀跏强嗫喟螅廊痪芙^。HeisarollingstoneIdon’tthinkhecangofar.他是個(gè)見異思遷的人，我想他不會(huì)有多大出息。I’llbreakmynecktogetthisdonebyFriday,butIcan’tpromiseforsure.我一定會(huì)盡最大努力在星期五以前完成此事，但是我不能打包票。Bythismeansshecastinabonebetweenthistwofriends.她用這種方法來離間這兩個(gè)朋友。Thematterwasfinallysettledunderthetable.事情終于私下解決了。Heearnshardlyenoughtokeepbodyandsoultogether.他掙得錢幾乎難以維持生活。Ihavenoheadformusic.我沒有音樂方面的天賦。Pleasedon’twakeasleepingdog.請(qǐng)不要惹是生非。Youcanalwaysfallbackuponhimwhenyouareindifficulties.遇到困難時(shí)，你總可以像他求助。這是他們自己的事情，你去插一腳干嘛？That’sabusinessoftheirown,whywouldyougetinvolvedin?別人家里雞毛蒜皮的事情你都知道得這么全，真是個(gè)順風(fēng)耳??！Youknowallthebitsandpiecesoftriflesofotherfamilies.Youarereallywellinformed.這消息讓我出了一身冷汗。Ｉwasextremelyterrifiedbythatnews.他萬萬沒想到在他前進(jìn)的道路上竟會(huì)出現(xiàn)這么多攔路虎。Hehadneverexpectedsomanyobstacleswouldstandinhisway.她毛遂自薦來這所小學(xué)做老師。Shevolunteeredfortheteachingpostinthisprimaryschool.我不敢班門弄斧，誠望您發(fā)表高見。Idarenotshowoffinthepresenceofanexpert.Ihopeyouwouldbekindenoughtoenlightenusonthismatter.這些問題盤根錯(cuò)節(jié)，三言兩語說不清楚。Theseproblemsaretoocomplicatedtobeexplainedclearlyinafewwords.今天下午的球賽棋逢對(duì)手，一定很精彩。Thisafternoon’sballgameissuretobeanexcitingone,forthetwosidesarewell-matched.他們?yōu)閿橙诵ПM犬馬之勞。Theyworkedfaithfullyintheserviceoftheenemies.我們一直往前走吧！不要三心二意。Let’sgostraightahead.Don’tbewavering.真正的好朋友應(yīng)該是雪中送炭。Arealgoodfriendshouldbeoneofferingtimelyhelp.他這幾天心里七上八下，老是安靜不下來。Hismindwasinaturmoilthesedaysandhewas