《筆譯技巧與實(shí)踐》課后參考答案 鄭意長(zhǎng)韓子鈺

第一單元一、采用增詞法翻譯下列句子1.憑窗站了一會(huì)兒，微微地覺得涼意侵人。Standingatthewindowforawhile,Ifeltabitchilly.2.你想走就先走吧。Ifyouwanttoleave,leavefirst.3.大作收到，十分高興。Iamverygladtohavereceivedyourwriting.4.送君千里，終有一別。Althoughyoumayescortaguestathousandmiles,yetmustthepartingcomeatlast.5.也許您忘記了７月份的購(gòu)貨帳還沒有結(jié)算。PerhapsyouhaveoverlookedthefactthatyouraccountforJulypurchaseshasnotyetbeensettled.二、采用減詞法翻譯下列句子1.我們要忠于黨、忠于人民、忠于祖國(guó)。Weshouldbeloyaltoourparty,toourpeopleandtoourmotherland.2.我們必須堅(jiān)持社會(huì)主義道路，堅(jiān)持人民民主專政，堅(jiān)持共產(chǎn)黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，堅(jiān)持馬列主義和毛澤東思想。Wemustadheretothesocialistroad,thepeople’sdemocraticdictatorship,theCommunistParty’sleadershipandMarxism-LeninismandMaoZedongThought.3.質(zhì)子帶正電，電子帶負(fù)電，而中子既不帶正電，也不帶負(fù)電。Aprotonhasapositivechargeandanelectronanegativecharge,butaneutronhasneither.4.郭末若同志曾說：“中國(guó)人民歷來是勇于探索、勇于創(chuàng)造、勇于革命的?！盋omradeGuoMoruooncesaid,“ThepeopleofChinahavealwaysbeencourageousinexploration,innovationandrevolution.”5.基于伊拉克目前社會(huì)動(dòng)蕩和紛擾不安的局面，中國(guó)駐伊拉克大使館已經(jīng)向德國(guó)訂購(gòu)了兩輛防彈轎車。TheChineseembassyinIraqhasorderedtwobulletproofcarsfromGermanyduetothesocialunrestandupheavalinIraqatpresent.三、采用詞性轉(zhuǎn)換法翻譯下列句子1.他們不顧一切困難、挫折,堅(jiān)持戰(zhàn)斗。Theyinsistedonstruggledespiteallthedifficultiesandfrustrations.2.他在講話中特別強(qiáng)調(diào)提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量。Heplacedaspecialstressontheimprovementofproductqualityinhisspeech.3.漢語(yǔ)的特點(diǎn)之一是動(dòng)詞占優(yōu)勢(shì)。Chineseispartiallycharacterizedbyabundantverbs.4.他執(zhí)政期間,有兩點(diǎn)突出的情況：一是伊朗的石油收入迅猛上升；二是由于大規(guī)模地濫用每年二百二十億美元的石油收益，而開始造成了一種社會(huì)政治危機(jī)。HisperiodinofficeismarkedbyasteepriseinIran’soilrevenueandthefirstsignofasocial-politicalcrisisbroughtaboutbywidespreadmisuseofthe22billionUSDayearearningfromoil.5.由于新疆經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)薄弱,總體經(jīng)濟(jì)水平低下，效率不高，投資不足。地方財(cái)政依靠中央大量補(bǔ)貼，對(duì)高等教育的投資相對(duì)較少。LessinvestmentinthehighereducationresultsfromXinjiang’sweakereconomicfoundation,loweroveralleconomiclevel,poorefficiency,inadequatecapitalinputandalargeamountofsubsidyintothelocalfinancefromthecentralfinance.四、翻譯下列含有顏色詞的句子1.可惜這石榴紅綾最不經(jīng)染。（《紅樓夢(mèng)》）It’stoobad.Thispomegranate-redsilkshowsthedirtso．2.風(fēng)姐忙把自己身上穿的一件大紅棉紗襖子拉了出來。（《紅樓夢(mèng)》）Hsi—Fengpromptlyshowedthemthelapeloftheredgauzetunicshewaswearing.3.讀完這個(gè)故事，她眼圈紅了。Havingreadthestory,shegothereyesmoist.4.不許他給我們集體臉上抹黑。Wearenotgoingtolethimbringshameonourcollective.5.他雖然盡力了，但計(jì)劃還是黃了。Theplanfellthroughdespitehisefforts.五、翻譯下列含有動(dòng)植物詞語(yǔ)的句子1.老太太的三個(gè)兒子個(gè)個(gè)力大如牛。Theoldlady’sthreesonsareallasstrongasahorse.2.“亞洲四小龍”曾經(jīng)輝煌一時(shí)?！癋ourAsianTigers”wereonceglorious.3.他真是個(gè)虎膽英雄。Heisreallyaheroasbraveasalion.4.你像出水的芙蓉、傲雪的紅梅、凌寒的青松。Youarelikelotusabovethewater,redplumsinthesnowandgreenpinesinbittercold.5.政客們都是見風(fēng)使舵的墻頭草。Politiciansareaficklelot.六、翻譯下列含有數(shù)字詞語(yǔ)的句子1.“好容易熬了一天，這會(huì)子瞧見你們，竟如死而復(fù)生的一樣，真正古人說‘一日三秋’，這句話再不錯(cuò)的?！薄癇utIsurviveditsomehowandnowthatweweretogetheragain.IfeelasifI'djustrisenfromthedead!‘onedayapartseemsthreeautumns'---howtruethatoldsayingis.”2.金錢使他六親不認(rèn)。Moneymakeshimdisownallhisrelativesandfriends.3.他們七手八腳忙把孩子送入醫(yī)院。Theyalllendahandtoconveythechildtothehospital.4.本屆政府為解決“三農(nóng)”問題傾注了極大精力，取得了積極成效。 Thisgovernmenthasconcentratedanimmenseamountofenergyonsolvingtheproblemsfacingagriculture,ruralareasandfarmers,andtheresultsarepositive.5.作為一個(gè)老廚師，他是十八般武藝，樣樣精通。Asanexperiencedcook,heisextremelyskilled.七、翻譯下列含有委婉語(yǔ)的句子1.老太太這幾日身體欠安。Theoldladyhasbeenundertheweatherduringthesedays.2.退潮的時(shí)候，他跟潮水也就一道去了。Itbeinglowwater,hewentoutwiththetide.3.他的祖父去年已仙游了。Lastyearhisgrandfatherpassedaway.4.我夫人身懷六甲，就不去野餐了。Mywifeisinthedelicatecondition,sosheisnotgoingpicnic.5.那些過度描寫云雨之事的小說對(duì)青少年是有害的。Thenovelsfocusingonsexualintercourseareharmfultotheteenagers.八、翻譯下列含有疊詞的句子1.他的傷口漸漸愈合了。Hiswoundgraduallyscarredover.2.他們時(shí)時(shí)刻刻準(zhǔn)備為真理而戰(zhàn)斗。Theywerealwaysreadytodobattlefortruth.3.那個(gè)偵探仔仔細(xì)細(xì)地研究了各個(gè)指紋。Thedetectivestudiedthefingerprintsintheminutestdetail.4.我們兩國(guó)人民心心相印。Theheartsofourpeopleaccordwiththoseofyours.5.一股涼絲絲的風(fēng)從海面吹來。Acoolishwindblewoffthesea.

第二單元一、翻譯下列成語(yǔ)1.良藥苦口goodmedicinetastesbittertothemouth2.空中樓閣castleintheair3.江河日下gofrombadtoworse4.牽腸掛肚feeldeeplyworried5.胸有成竹tohaveawell-thought-outplan6.揚(yáng)眉吐氣tofeelproudandelated7.燈紅酒綠dissipatedandluxurious8.開門見山tocomestraighttothepoint9.杯弓蛇影afraidofones'shadow(toseeaserpents'shadowinawinecup)10.八仙過海Viewitheachother(liketheeightImmortalscrosstheseainChineselegendarystory)二、翻譯下列句子(注意句中成語(yǔ)的處理)1.總而言之,批分?jǐn)?shù)該雪中送炭,萬萬不能慳吝。Insum,whenmarkingoneshouldsendcoalwhenitsnows,thatis,prov-idethatwhichismostneeded,andneverbestingy.2.董斜川道：“好,好,雖然!‘馬前潑水’,居然‘破鏡重圓’,慎明兄將來的婚姻一定離合悲歡,大有可觀。TungHsieh-chuansaid,“Well,now.Thoughwaterwaspouredbeforethehorse,stil,thebrokenmirrorwasmaderoundagain.Shenming’sfuturemarriagewillcertainlybefullofvicissitudes.Itshouldbeworthwatching.3.人們都被她的傾國(guó)傾城貌所傾倒。Allthepeoplewereabsorbedbyherfacethatcouldoverthrowakingdomortoppleacity4.到處是警察，他已成驚弓之鳥。Surroundedbypolicemen,hewaslikeabirdafraidofthebow.5．香菱笑道:“好姑娘,趁著這個(gè)工夫,你教給我作詩(shī)罷?！睂氣O笑道:“我說你‘得隴望蜀’呢?！薄癈anyoutakethisopportunity,dearmiss,toteachmetowritepoetry?”“Themoreyouget，themoreyouwant！”chuckledBaochai.三、翻譯下列歇后語(yǔ)及俗諺語(yǔ)1.千里送鵝毛禮輕情義重Tosendthefeatherofaswanonethousandli--thegiftinitselfmaybeinsignificant,butthegood-willisdeep.2.小蔥拌豆腐——一清二白Thepetitscallionismingledwithbeancurd——peculiarlyclear．3.瞎子點(diǎn)燈——白費(fèi)蠟Theblindmanlightsthecandle——todosomethinginvain．4.一寸光陰一寸金Timeismoney.5.人要長(zhǎng)交,賬要短結(jié)Shortreckoningsmakelongfriends.6.打柴問樵夫,駛船問艄公。Heknowsthewaterbestwhohaswadedthroughit.7.干打雷,不下雨。Greatboast,smallroast.

第三單元一、翻譯下列“是”字句：1．這孩子是可愛的。Thechildislovelyindeed.2．我不是不懂，是不想說。It’snotthatIdidn’tunderstand,butthatIdidn’twanttosayanything.3.小廟的后面是墓地，前面是一棵老樹。Behindthesmalltempleliesagraveyard,infrontofitstandsanoldtree.4.他作為流氓的惡名是在他死后才傳開的。Itwasnotuntilhisdeaththathisnotorietyasahooligancame.二、翻譯下列“得”字句：1.他能擔(dān)得起大事。Heiscapableofgreatthings.2.地板霉?fàn)€得有許多地方不能再洗刷了。Thefloorswereinsorottenaconditionthatmanyofthemcouldnotbescrubbed.3.他壯實(shí)得像個(gè)年輕人似的。Heissostrongastolooklikeayoungman.4.差別大得人人都能看得出來。Itissuchagreatdifferencethatallwillperceiveit.5.這些蘋果酸得不能吃。Theseapplesaretoosourforeating.6.這孩子年齡已夠得上進(jìn)學(xué)校了。Thechildisoldenoughtostartschool.7.他的衣服被強(qiáng)盜剝得精光。Hewasstrippedstark-nakedbythebandits.8.她英語(yǔ)說得很流利。ShespeaksEnglishveryfluently.9.這件事做得非常出色。It’sexceedinglywelldone.10.他逗得狗亂叫。Heteasedthedoguntillitbeganhowling.11.當(dāng)我說出這個(gè)消息時(shí)，他高興得跳起來。HejumpedforjoywhenItoldhimthenews.12.人和馬都被雨水淋得濕透。Bothmenandanimalsweredrenchedwiththerain.三、翻譯下列“把”字句：1.我錯(cuò)把她當(dāng)作她的孿生妹妹了。Imistookherforhersister.2.他所做的一切把我感動(dòng)得流下了眼淚。Iwasmovedtotearsbywhathehaddone.3.他每天把自己關(guān)在房子里看書。Hehashimselfconfinedintheroomeveryday,readingbooks.4.我們已經(jīng)把計(jì)劃做好了。Wehavealreadygottheplanready.5.這天氣把人熱得坐不住。Theweathermakesoneunabletositstill.6.那一趟可把我累壞了。Thattriptiredmeout.四、翻譯下列被動(dòng)句：1．這種新產(chǎn)品很受市場(chǎng)歡迎。Thisnewproducthasbeenwellreceivedinthemarket.2．這次霜凍，凍死不少的莊稼。Alotofcropsweredamagedbythefrost.3.陶醫(yī)生，我們被發(fā)配到哪兒?你知道嗎?DoctorTao,itwassaidthatwewouldbesentintoexile,doyouknowwherewewouldbebanished?4.昨晚一陣大風(fēng)，教室的玻璃被打碎了兩塊。Itblewingustlastnightandtwopiecesofwindowglasswereunexpectedlybroken.5.一批優(yōu)秀的高中級(jí)知識(shí)分子被吸收入黨。AgroupofhigherormiddlerankintellectualshavebeenadmittedintotheParty.6.這個(gè)工廠在地震中遭到嚴(yán)重破壞。Thisfactorywasseriouslydamagedduringtheearthquake.五、翻譯下列無主句：1.黑漆漆的，不知是日是夜。Pitchdark,Idon’tknowwhetheritisdayornight.2.采取積極措施，促進(jìn)全社會(huì)固定資產(chǎn)投資較快增長(zhǎng)。Wewilladoptvigorousmeasurestopromoterapidexpansionoftotalfixedassetinvestment.3.自1983年以來，已經(jīng)建立了一百多個(gè)這樣的組織。Therehavebeenestablishedmorethanonehundredorganizationsofsuchkindsince1983.4.真沒想到他是個(gè)不誠(chéng)實(shí)的人。Ithasneveroccurredtomethatheisadishonestman.5.在歷史上，由于長(zhǎng)江不斷改道在武漢地區(qū)形成了眾多的湖泊。TheconstantchangeofthecourseoftheLongRiverinhistoryhelpedformagreatmanylakesintheareasaroundWuhan.6.氣得那些農(nóng)民直跺腳。Itsentthepeasantsintoafitofrage.六、翻譯下列連動(dòng)句和兼語(yǔ)句：1．我正掃院子迎接你嘛！I’mcleaningtheyardtogreetwithyou.2．他向我借錢買書。Heborrowedmoneyfrommetobuyabook.3.工人站在工廠外面耐心等候。Theworkersstoodoutsidethefactory,waitingpatiently.4.我們邀請(qǐng)陳教授就當(dāng)前國(guó)際形勢(shì)作報(bào)告。WehaveinvitedProfessorChentogiveatalkonthecurrentinternationalsituation.5.他命令部隊(duì)撤出大城市。Heorderedhistroopstopulloutfromthebigcities.6.我們建議學(xué)校想辦法改善學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境。Wesuggestthattheschoolshouldtrytoimprovethelearningconditions.7.他們厭惡美國(guó)插手他們的內(nèi)政。TheyhatetheUnitedStatesbecauseitofteninterfereswiththeirinternalaffairs.8.他妒忌他的朋友找到一個(gè)漂亮的老婆和一份薪酬高的工作。Heisenviousofhisfriendbecausehehasabeautifulwifeandahighly-paidjob.9.我勸你少管閑事。You’dbettermindyourownbusiness.10.三年來，我黨一再倡議貴我兩黨舉行談判，共捐前嫌，共盼祖國(guó)統(tǒng)一大業(yè)。Forthreeyears,wehaverepeatedlyproposedbilateraltalksbetweenthetwopartiestoletbygonesbebygonesandstrivetogetherforthegreatcauseofnationalreunification.七、翻譯下列存現(xiàn)句:1.大樓前面有一個(gè)停車場(chǎng)。Thereisaparkinglotinfrontofthebuilding.2.市場(chǎng)附近是一所職業(yè)學(xué)校。Nearthemarketisavocationalschool.3.他的書包里藏有大量現(xiàn)金。Hiddeninhisbagisalotofcash.4.從警察背后突然跳出一個(gè)黑麻子來，怒聲喝打。Aswarthypock-markedmanjumpedoutfrombehindthepolicemenandhowledforthemtoattack.5.遠(yuǎn)處山谷里一片青青的森林。Inthedistance,thevalleyiscoatedwiththethickgreenforest.6.屋外一片月光。Outsidethehouse,themoonshedslights.7.臉上一團(tuán)孩子氣。Hewearsthechildishcountenance.八、翻譯下列長(zhǎng)句：1.他們正在為實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)理想而努力，這個(gè)理想是每個(gè)中國(guó)人所珍愛的，在過去，許多中國(guó)人曾為了這個(gè)理想而犧牲了自己的生命。TheyarestrivingfortheidealwhichisclosetotheheartofeveryChineseandforwhich,inthepast,manyChinesehavelaiddowntheirlives.2.小馬兒也就是十三歲,臉上很瘦,身上可是穿得很圓,鼻子凍得通紅,掛著兩條白鼻涕,耳朵上戴著一隊(duì)破耳帽兒。LittleHorsewasnotmorethantwelveorthirteen.Hisfacewasverythin,buthisclotheswerebulky.Hisnose,redwithcold,wasrunning.Onhisears,heworeapairoftatteredearmuffs.3.不一會(huì)兒,北風(fēng)小了,路上浮塵早已刮凈,剩下一條潔白的大道來,車夫也跑得更快。Presentlythewinddroppedalittle.Bynowtheloosedusthadallbeenblownaway,leavingtheroadwayclean,andtherickshawmanquickenedhispace.4.干得很順手,上汽車沒到三分鐘,一個(gè)錢包就到手了,鼓鼓囊囊的,看來錢不少。Aneasyjob.Hardlythreeminutesonthebus,andhehadlaidhandsonapurse.Bulgy.Apparentlyfullofmoney.5.一定要言行一致，理論與實(shí)踐密切結(jié)合，反對(duì)華而不實(shí)和任何虛夸，少說空話，多做工作，扎扎實(shí)實(shí)，埋頭苦干。Deedandwordmustmatchandtheoryandpracticemustbecloselyintegrated.Wemustrejectflashinesswithoutsubstanceandeverysortofboasting.Theremustbelessemptytalkandmorehardwork.Wemustbesteadfastanddedicated.

第四單元一、翻譯下列經(jīng)濟(jì)語(yǔ)篇：1.廣闊的地域分布是跨國(guó)企業(yè)的一個(gè)特點(diǎn)，這使得它在資源和定價(jià)的決策上有很大的選擇范圍，也使它能更方便地利用世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的變化。技術(shù)、資本和現(xiàn)成的市場(chǎng)是跨國(guó)企業(yè)組織帶給欠發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的利益。跨國(guó)企業(yè)被認(rèn)為是促進(jìn)世界和各國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的最有效的工具。WidegeographicalspreadischaracteristicofMNEs.Itenablesthemtohaveawiderangeofoptionsintermsofdecision-makingsonsourcingandpricing.Theyarealsomoreabletotakeadvantageofchangesintheinternationaleconomicenvironment.Technology,capitalandreadymarketsaresortofbenefitsMNEsbringtoless-developedcountries.Theyareconsideredtobethemosteffectivevehicleforthepromotingofglobalandnationaleconomicwelfare.2.著力解決經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行中的突出問題。繼續(xù)搞好宏觀調(diào)控，堅(jiān)持區(qū)別對(duì)待、有保有壓的原則，綜合運(yùn)用財(cái)稅、貨幣、土地等手段，控制固定資產(chǎn)過快增長(zhǎng)，遏制房地產(chǎn)投資過快增長(zhǎng)和房?jī)r(jià)過快上漲的勢(shì)頭。進(jìn)一步增加農(nóng)業(yè)、能源、交通、社會(huì)事業(yè)等薄弱環(huán)節(jié)投入，促進(jìn)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，增強(qiáng)發(fā)展后勁。加強(qiáng)經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行調(diào)節(jié)，繼續(xù)緩解煤電油運(yùn)緊張狀況，保障經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快增長(zhǎng)。Solvingthemajorproblemsaffectingeconomicperformance.Wecontinuedtoexerciseeffectivemacroeconomicregulationinaccordancewiththeprincipleoftakingdifferentapproachestodifferentsituationsandencouragingthegrowthofsomesectorswhilediscouragingtheexpansionofothers.Weusedacombinationoffiscal,tax,monetaryandlandpoliciestocurboverheatedgrowthinfixedassetandrealestateinvestmentandballooninghousingprices.Inaddition,weincreasedinvestmentinweaklinkssuchasagriculture,energy,transport,andsocialprogramstopromotebalanceddevelopmentandprovidemomentumforfuturedevelopment.Weimprovedeconomicregulationandreducedthepressureontightsuppliesofcoal,electricity,andpetroleumandontheoverloadedtransportationsystem,thusensuringfastyetsteadygrowthofChina’seconomy.3.按照比較學(xué)說的觀點(diǎn)，一國(guó)只要出口相對(duì)有優(yōu)勢(shì)的產(chǎn)品，而不是有絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)的產(chǎn)品，就可以從中受益。貿(mào)易的比較優(yōu)勢(shì)是基于比較優(yōu)勢(shì)理論，即各國(guó)生產(chǎn)相比較而言效率更高的那種特殊產(chǎn)品。更理想的是，各國(guó)集中專門生產(chǎn)它的特殊產(chǎn)品，然后再進(jìn)行相互間的貿(mào)易?？偟膩碚f，國(guó)際專門化理論尋求回答的是哪些國(guó)家將生產(chǎn)什么產(chǎn)品，以及采用什么樣的貿(mào)易結(jié)構(gòu)。Accordingtothecomparativeadvantage,acountrycanbenefitfromtradeifonlyithasacomparativeadvantage,notabsoluteadvantage,inproducingcertainproduct.Theadvantagesoftradearebasedonthetheoryofcomparativeadvantage,whereeachcountryproducesaparticularproductmoreefficientlythananother.Ideally,eachcountryfocusesresourcesonproducingitsspecialty,andthentradeswithoneanother.Tosummarize,thetheoryofinternationalspecializationseekstoanswerthequestionwhichcountrieswillproducewhatgoods,withwhattradepatternsamongthem.二、翻譯下列政論語(yǔ)篇：1.我們建立了社會(huì)主義制度，實(shí)現(xiàn)了中國(guó)歷史上最廣泛最深刻的社會(huì)變革。我們創(chuàng)造性地實(shí)現(xiàn)了由新民主主義到社會(huì)主義的轉(zhuǎn)變，全面確立了社會(huì)主義的基本制度，使占世界人口四分之一的東方大國(guó)進(jìn)入了社會(huì)主義社會(huì)。這是中國(guó)社會(huì)變革和歷史進(jìn)步的巨大飛躍，也極大地支持和推進(jìn)了世界社會(huì)主義事業(yè)。我們完成了新民主主義革命任務(wù)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了民族獨(dú)立和人民解放。經(jīng)過北伐戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、土地革命戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)和解放戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，打敗日本軍國(guó)主義的侵略，推翻國(guó)民黨反動(dòng)統(tǒng)治，建立了中華人民共和國(guó)。中國(guó)人從此站立起來了，中華民族的發(fā)展從此開啟了新的歷史紀(jì)元。Wehavefulfilledthetaskofthenewdemocraticrevolutionandrealizedanationalindependenceandtheliberationofthepeople.WefoundedthePeople’sRepublicofChinaafterdefeatingtheJapanesemilitaristaggressorsandoverthrowingtheKuomintangreactionariesthroughtheNorthernExpedition(1926-27),theAgrarianRevolutionaryWar(1927-37),theWarofResistanceAgainstJapan(1937-45)andtheWarofLiberation(1945-49).TheChinesehavesincestoodup,andthedevelopmentoftheChinesenationhassinceusheredinanewera.2.2009年是新世紀(jì)以來我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展最為困難的一年。去年這個(gè)時(shí)候，國(guó)際金融危機(jī)還在擴(kuò)散蔓延，世界經(jīng)濟(jì)深度衰退，我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)受到嚴(yán)重沖擊，出口大幅下降，不少企業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)困難，有的甚至停產(chǎn)倒閉，失業(yè)人員大量增加，農(nóng)民工大批返鄉(xiāng)，經(jīng)濟(jì)增速陡然下滑。在異常困難的情況下，全國(guó)各族人民在中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨的堅(jiān)強(qiáng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，堅(jiān)定信心，迎難而上，頑強(qiáng)拼搏，從容應(yīng)對(duì)國(guó)際金融危機(jī)沖擊，在世界率先實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)回升向好，改革開放和社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)取得新的重大成就。過去的一年，極不平凡，令人振奮。我們隆重慶祝新中國(guó)成立60周年。撫今追昔，偉大祖國(guó)的輝煌成就極大地激發(fā)了全國(guó)人民的自信心和自豪感，極大地增強(qiáng)了中華民族的向心力和凝聚力，極大地提升了我國(guó)的國(guó)際地位和影響力，必將激勵(lì)我們?cè)谥袊?guó)特色社會(huì)主義道路上繼續(xù)奮勇前進(jìn)。Theyear2009wasthemostdifficultyearforourcountry'seconomicdevelopmentsincethebeginningofthenewcentury.Thistimelastyeartheglobalfinancialcrisiswasstillspreading,andtheworldeconomywasinadeeprecession.Oureconomywasseverelyaffected;ourexportsdecreasedsignificantly;alargenumberofenterpriseshadoperatingdifficulties,andsomeevensuspendedproductionorcloseddown;thenumberofunemployedpeopleincreasedsignificantly;manymigrantworkershadtoreturntotheirhomevillages;andthepaceofoureconomicgrowthsuddenlysloweddown.Intheseunusuallydifficultcircumstances,thepeopleofallourethnicgroupsfortifiedtheirconfidence,tackleddifficultiesheadon,workedtenaciously,andrespondedcalmlytotheimpactoftheglobalfinancialcrisisunderthefirmleadershipoftheCommunistPartyofChina(CPC).Oureconomywasthefirstintheworldtohavemadeaturnaround,andwemademajornewachievementsinreformandopeningupaswellassocialistmodernization.Thepastyearwastrulyextraordinaryandinspiring.Weheldagrandcelebrationofthe60thanniversaryofthefoundingofNewChina.Theoutstandingachievementswemadeinthattimehavegreatlyboostedtheconfidenceandprideofthepeople,strengthenedthecohesivenessoftheChinesenation,andraisedChina'sinternationalstandingandinfluence.AllthisdefinitelyencouragesustocontinuetoforgeaheadonthepathofsocialismwithChinesecharacteristics.3.一九九八年一月，為尋求和擴(kuò)大兩岸關(guān)系的政治基礎(chǔ)，中國(guó)政府向臺(tái)灣方面明確提出，在統(tǒng)一之前，堅(jiān)持一個(gè)中國(guó)原則，也就是堅(jiān)持世界上只有一個(gè)中國(guó)，臺(tái)灣是中國(guó)的一部分。InJanuary1998,toseekandexpandthepoliticalbasisforrelationsbetweenthetwosides,theChinesegovernmentexplicitlystatedtotheTaiwansidethatbeforetherealizationofreunification,theone-chinaprincipleshouldbeupheld,namely,thatthereisonlyonechinaintheworld,andTaiwanisapartofChina.4.當(dāng)前最重要的任務(wù)是發(fā)展國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)、提高國(guó)民生活水平。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)這個(gè)目標(biāo)，我們必須改革舊的經(jīng)濟(jì)體制，以便進(jìn)一步解放生產(chǎn)力。我們應(yīng)當(dāng)向世界敞開大門，以便學(xué)習(xí)其他國(guó)家先進(jìn)的科學(xué)和技術(shù)。只要我們堅(jiān)持改革開放政策，就一定能把我國(guó)建成強(qiáng)大的社會(huì)主義國(guó)家。Presentlythemostimportanttaskistodevelopournationaleconomyandimprovethepeople’slivingstandard.Inordertoachievethisgoal,wemustreformtheoldeconomicsystemsoastoliberatetheproductiveforces.Weshouldopenourdoorstotheworldsoastolearntheadvancedscienceandtechnologyfromothercountries.We’llcertainlybeabletobuildourcountryintoapowerfulsocialistcountryaslongaswecarryoutthepolicyofreformandopeningup.三、翻譯下列新聞?wù)Z篇：1.瓦杰帕伊結(jié)束訪華回國(guó)與中國(guó)多位領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人會(huì)晤印度總理阿塔爾·比哈里·瓦杰帕伊結(jié)束了對(duì)中國(guó)為期六天的正式訪問，于27日下午乘專機(jī)離滬回國(guó)。這是印度總理十年來首次訪問中國(guó)。中國(guó)多位領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人與瓦杰帕伊在北京舉行會(huì)晤，就雙邊關(guān)系和共同關(guān)心的地區(qū)及國(guó)際問題廣泛交換意見。雙方簽署了《中華人民共和國(guó)和印度共和國(guó)關(guān)系原則和全面合作的宣言》等11個(gè)合作文件，加強(qiáng)了兩國(guó)在各個(gè)領(lǐng)域的交流和合作。瓦杰帕伊于22日抵達(dá)北京。在京期間，他到北京大學(xué)和兩國(guó)企業(yè)界人士舉辦的經(jīng)濟(jì)合作和發(fā)展研討會(huì)上發(fā)表了演講。中印雙方高度評(píng)價(jià)此次訪問取得的成果。雙方一致認(rèn)為，訪問增進(jìn)了兩國(guó)政府，兩國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人和兩國(guó)人民之間的相互理解和信任，標(biāo)志著中印雙方為在新世紀(jì)加強(qiáng)全面合作邁出了新的步伐。IndianPMVajpayeeConcludesChinaTourIndianPrimeMinisterAtalBihariVajpayeeleftShanghaiforhomeFridayafternoon,concludinghissix-dayofficialvisittoChina.VajpayeearrivedintheChinesecapitalSundayeveningasguestofChinesePremierWenJiabao.ItisthefirstvisittoChinabyanIndianprimeministerin10years.ChinesePremierWenJiabaoandVajpayeeMondaysignedadeclarationonprinciplesforbilateralrelationshipandcomprehensivecooperation.Thedeclaration,togetherwithaseriesofotherdocumentssignedbetweenChinaandIndia,setoutthegoalsandguidingprinciplesforbilateralrelationsandoutlinedcooperationofthetwocountriesinvariousfields.Vajpayeevisitedchinain1979asIndianforeignminister.2.磁懸浮列車按懸浮機(jī)理可分為電磁式和電動(dòng)式，按材料可分為常導(dǎo)型和超導(dǎo)型。目前，日本和德國(guó)分別建成長(zhǎng)度為18．4公里和31．5公里的磁懸浮試驗(yàn)線，試驗(yàn)速度分別達(dá)到552公里／小時(shí)和450公里／小時(shí)，日本為電動(dòng)超導(dǎo)式，德國(guó)為電磁超導(dǎo)式，均未投入商業(yè)運(yùn)營(yíng)。Themaglevtraincanbedividedintotheelectromagneticandelectrictypes．An18.4km—longmaglevtrain1ineinJapananda31.5km—long1ineinGermanyareundertestoperation．Theirspeedsreach550km／hand450km／h，respectively．3.李德水進(jìn)一步分析認(rèn)為，如果聽任跨國(guó)公司惡意并購(gòu)中國(guó)民族工業(yè)，自主品牌和創(chuàng)新能力將逐步消失，國(guó)內(nèi)龍頭企業(yè)的核心部分，關(guān)鍵技術(shù)和高附加值就可能完全被跨國(guó)公司所控制，中國(guó)由此將會(huì)出現(xiàn)核心技術(shù)缺乏癥。AccordingtoLi，ifChinaletsforeigninvestorsridewithloosereins，thecountryandaddedvalueofmajordomesticenterpriseswould1ikelytobecontrolledbymultinationals．Chinamightalsosufferadeficiencyofcoretechniques．4.五年新增節(jié)水灌溉面積l億畝、新增沼氣用戶1650萬戶、新建改建農(nóng)村公路130萬公里，解決了9748萬農(nóng)村人口飲水困難和飲水安全問題，建立了重大動(dòng)物疫病防控體系，防止了高致病性禽流感等疫情的蔓延。Duringthefive-yearperiod,alladditional6．667millionhectaresoffarmlandwasequippedwithwater-savingirrigationfacilities，methanegaswasmadeavailableto16.5millionhouseholds，1.3millionkilometersofruralroadswerebuiltorupgraded，andsafedrinkingwaterwasprovidedtoanadditional97．48millionruralresidents．Asystemforthepreventionandcontrolofmajoranimaldiseaseswassetup，andthespreadofhighlypathogenicavianinfluenzawasprevented．四、翻譯下列旅游語(yǔ)篇：1.鹿回頭公園位于三亞市區(qū)以南3公里，關(guān)于這個(gè)公園，有一個(gè)美麗動(dòng)人的愛情故事。相傳很久以前一位黎族的獵人追逐一頭山鹿，從五指山一直追到南中國(guó)海。當(dāng)山鹿面對(duì)大海，無路可逃時(shí)，回頭一望，突然變成一位美麗的少女。以此傳說建成的壯觀雕塑“鹿回頭”已成為浪漫愛情的見證。鹿回頭公園也是登高鳥瞰三亞市和三亞灣全景的首選之地。LocatedthreekilometerssouthofSanyaCity,TheTurn-roundDeerParkisknownforabeautifulandmovinglovestoryrelatedtoit.Along,longtimeago,therewasayounghunterfromtheLinationalitywhooncechasedafteradeerfromtheFive-FingerMountainallthewaytotheSouthChinaSea.Unabletofleeanymore,thedeercoulddonothingbutturnitsheadandintoabeautifulgirlinnotime.Hencethestonestatueoftheturn-rounddeer,knownasLuhuitouinChinese,bearswitnesstotheromanticlove.TheparknamedafterthestoryisthebestplaceforenjoyingapanoramicviewofSanyaandtheSanyaBay.2.人們留戀杭州，很大程度上是因?yàn)榫鞈傥骱拿馈Ｎ骱呛贾莸撵`魂。人們常常把它與瑞士的日內(nèi)瓦湖一起比作是世界上東西輝映的兩顆明珠。西湖確實(shí)如同一顆明珠一樣光彩照人，讓人喜愛。早在1982年，國(guó)務(wù)院就把西湖列為首批國(guó)家重點(diǎn)名勝區(qū)之一。西湖三面臨山，一面正對(duì)著市中心，仿佛一個(gè)溫暖的懷抱，把她圍在中央。西湖猶如中國(guó)古代四大美女中的西施，無論晴雨，無論四季更迭，都有著美麗的容顏，所以人們?cè)u(píng)論說：“天下西湖三十六，就中最好是杭州?！辈徽撌嵌嗄昃幼≡谶@里的人們，抑或是匆匆而過的旅客，無不為它的迷人風(fēng)景所傾倒，無不對(duì)它產(chǎn)生出真摯而熱切的情感。西湖處處有美景。湖中分布著一山二堤三島?！吧健笔侵腹律?，它好像是西湖水面上的一頂花冠，精致，和諧。孤山不僅景色宜人，而且有很多名人在此駐足，是一個(gè)充滿人文氣息的地方?！岸獭碑?dāng)然就是指白堤和蘇堤了，它們仿佛兩條緞帶，漂浮在西湖之上，把西湖分成里湖、外湖等幾個(gè)部分。早先人們疏浚西湖，把湖底的淤泥堆積起來，就成了湖中長(zhǎng)堤。后來經(jīng)過不斷的修整，兩條長(zhǎng)堤上四時(shí)花開，姹紫嫣紅，景色十分宜人?！叭龒u”是指三潭印月（即小瀛洲）、湖心亭和阮公墩，倒映在水中，島中又有湖，說不盡的精巧玲瓏，讓人流連忘返。Toagreatextent,peopleattachthemselvestoHangzhoubecausetheyarefascinatedbyWestLake.WestLakeisthesoulofHangzhou.PeoplealwayscompareittoGenevaLakeofSwitzerland,praisingthetwoastheshiningpearlsonboththeeastandthewest.Indeed,WestLakeisapearl,brightandattractive.So,asearlyas1982,theStateCouncilofChinalistedtheLakeasoneofthefirstgroupofnationalmajorscenicareasWestLakefaceshillsonthreesidesandthecitycenterontheotherside,likeawarmembraceenclosingitinthecenter.WestLakeisoftencomparedtoXishi,oneofthefourancientbeautiesinChina.Nomatterwhetheritissunnyorrainy,ornomatterinwhatseasonitis,sheisalwayssopretty.Itissaidthatthereare36WestLakesalloverChina,buttheoneinHangzhouhitsthebest.Nomatterhowlongyoumayknowher,eitheraslocalresidentsortemporarytourists,youwillbebewitchedbyherpleasantsceneryandcherishasincereandearnestemotiontowardsher.PrettyscenescouldbefoundanywhereinWestLake.Inthelakethereareonehill,twocausewaysandthreeisles.ThehillreferstoSolitaryHillIsland.ItseemsacorollaonthesurfaceofWestLake,exquisiteandharmonious.Notonlybeautiful,SolitaryHillIslandisfamousforitsculturalfeatures.AlotofrenownedfigureshavelefttheirstoriesontheIsland.TwocausewaysrefertotheBaiCausewayandtheSuCauseway.Thetwo,liketworibbonsfloatingontheLake,divideitintotheInnerlakeandtheOuterlake.PreviouslypeopledredgedWestLakeandpiledupthesiltfromthelakebed,andthenlongcausewayscameintoforminthelake.Throughconstantrepairlateron,thetwocauseways,eachhavingflowersinblossominanyseason,turnedouttobeverypleasingandcharming.ThethreeislesmeanThreePoolsMirroringtheMoon(namelyLesserYingzhou),MidlakePavilionandRuangongIsle.Howexquisiteitiswiththeislandsonthelakeandsmalllakeswithintheislands!Peoplearesoenchantedbythesceneryastoforgettoreturnhome.五、翻譯下列廣告語(yǔ)篇：1.2002年，國(guó)家稅務(wù)總局和中華全國(guó)工商聯(lián)合會(huì)授予勁牌“誠(chéng)信納稅企業(yè)”；2003年，國(guó)家工商行政管理總局評(píng)定勁牌為“全國(guó)守合同重信用企業(yè)”；2003年12月，勁牌公司被湖北文明委評(píng)為“湖北文明單位”；2007年9月，勁牌保健酒被食品工業(yè)聯(lián)合會(huì)評(píng)為“中國(guó)名牌產(chǎn)品”。ChineseJinWinehaswonmanyhonors,whichguaranteesitshighqualityandgoodservice.Andwebelievethat’swhatyouconcernabout.2.精雕細(xì)琢京城瑰寶位于北京東長(zhǎng)安街黃金地段、地鐵站上蓋的北京恒基中心，總建筑面積逾30萬平方米，擁有甲級(jí)辦公大樓3幢、豪華住宅1幢、酒店1幢及5層大型購(gòu)物商場(chǎng)，并設(shè)有充足車位之特大停車場(chǎng)；規(guī)劃完善，宏偉奪目，北京恒基中心與今日現(xiàn)代首都新貌互相輝映，儼如京城瑰寶。ARegalTestimonyofClassandStatureAuniquecompositecomplextocopewithyourneedsinChang’anStreetEast.GradeAoffices,luxuryapartments,grandshoppingmall,deluxehotel,Clubhousefacilitieswithgrandparkinglotetc.3.中華老字號(hào)“花巷肉松”為肉制品中的一絕,百年傳承；色澤鮮艷,入口自溶,酥香可口,風(fēng)味獨(dú)特,回味無窮。Thebrightcolor,delicioustasteanduniqueflavorareobtainedbyyearsofimprovement.“HuaxiangPorkFloss”meltsonyourtonguewithalastingsavor.4.“春花”牌吸塵器,清潔地毯、窗簾，還可以吸凈木制地板，甚至水泥地。摩擦力小，噪音低。請(qǐng)?jiān)囋嚢?！你的地板?huì)更加光亮無比。TheChunhuaVacuumCleanercleansrugsanddrapes.Itcleanshardsurfaceslikewoodfloor.Evencement!Itissoothandquiet.Tryitandyourfloorwillsparklewithnewcleanliness.5.太子精品禮盒是精品之組合，是禮品市場(chǎng)之需求，是對(duì)各界人士一份誠(chéng)意的貢獻(xiàn)。PRINCEOFPEACEDELUXEPACKisacombinationofspeciallychosenproductswhicharepickedwiththehighclassconsumerinmind.

第五單元一、翻譯下列句子1．由，誨女知之乎？知之為知之，不知為不知，是知也。(《論語(yǔ)·為政》)You,shallIteachyouwhatknowledgeis?Whenyouknowathing,toholdthatyouknowit;andwhenyoudonotknowathing,toallowthatyoudonotknowit;—thisisknowledge.2.余是以記之，蓋嘆酈元之簡(jiǎn)，而笑李渤之陋也。IrecordedthisexperiencetoshowthatIfeltsorryforthesketchinessofLiYuan’sdescriptionandcouldnothelplaughingatLiBo’sineptefforts.3.貂蟬曰：“賤妾年方二八?！盨hereplied,“Thyunworthyhandmaidisjustsixteen.”4.他自送死，非我逼也。Heisdeliveringhimselfintoourhands!Wedidnotforcehim.5.他就弄個(gè)神通，把毫毛拔下幾根，丟入口中嚼碎，噴將出去，念聲咒語(yǔ)，叫“變！”Hewasobligedtoemployhismagicpowers.Pullingoutahandfulofhisfinestdown,hetosseditintohismouthandbititintoeversmallerpieces;thenhespatitout,crying‘Change!’6.溫故而知新，可以為師也。Ifamankeepscherishinghisoldknowledge,soascontinuallytobeacquiringthenew,hemaybeateacherofothers.7.子貢問日：“鄉(xiāng)人皆好之，何如?”子日：“未可也?！薄班l(xiāng)人皆惡之，何如?”子日：“未可也。不如鄉(xiāng)人之善者好之，其不善者惡之?！?子路篇第十三：二十四)Zi—gongasked：“Thepeopleoftheprefecturealllovehim.Whatdoyouthinkaboutsuchaman?”TheMastersaid：“Notgoodenough．”“Thepeopleoftheprefectureallloathehim.Whatdoyouthinkaboutsuchaman?”TheMastersaid：“Notgoodenough，either．Itwouldbebestiftheprefecture’sgoodpeoplelovedhimanditsevilpeopleloathedhim．”8.君子之德，風(fēng)。小人之德，草。草，上之風(fēng)，必偃。(顏淵篇第十二：十九)Thegentleman’smoralcharacteriswindandthesmallman’smoralcharacter，grass．Whenthegrassisvisitedbythewind,itmustsurelybend．二、翻譯下列典籍節(jié)選1.《師說》節(jié)選：嗟乎！師道之不傳也久矣！欲人之無惑也難矣！古之圣人，其出人也遠(yuǎn)矣，猶且從師而問焉；今之眾人，其下圣人也亦遠(yuǎn)矣，而恥學(xué)于師。是故圣益圣，愚益愚。圣人之所以為圣，愚人之所以為愚，其皆出于此乎？愛其子，擇師而教之；于其身也，則恥師焉，惑矣！。彼童子之師，授之書而習(xí)其句讀者，非吾所謂傳其道解其惑者也。句讀之不知，惑之不解，或師焉，或不焉，小學(xué)而大遺，吾未見其明也。巫醫(yī)，樂師，百工之人，不恥相師。士大夫之族，日師日弟子云者，則群聚而笑之。問之，則曰：“彼與彼年相若也，道相似也，位卑則足羞，官盛則近庚。”嗚呼！師道之不復(fù)，可知矣。巫醫(yī)樂師百工之人，君子不齒，今其智乃反不能及，其可怪也歟！Alas！Thetraditionoflearningfromtheteacherhaslongbeenneglected.Thusitisdifficulttofindapersonwithoutanydoubtsatall.Ancientsages，whofarsurpassedus，evenlearnedfromtheirteachers.Peopletoday，whoarefarinferiortothem，regardlearningfromtheteacherasadisgrace.Thus，wisemenbecomemorewiseandunlearnedmenbecomemorefoolish.Thisexplainswhatmakesawisemanandwhatmakesafoolishman.Itisabsurdthatapersonwouldchooseateacherforhissonoutofhisloveforhim，andyetrefusetolearnfromtheteacherhimself，thinkingitadisgracetodoso.Theteacherofhissonteachesthechildonlyreadingandpunctuation，whichisnotpropagatingthedoctrineorresolvingdoubtsastheaforementioned.Idon’tthinkitwisetolearnfromtheteacherwhenonedoesn’tknowhowtopunctuate，butnotwhenonehasdoubtsunresolved，forthatIfindtobethefollyoflearninginsmallmatters，butneglectingthebigones.Evenmedicinemen，musiciansandhandicraftsmendonotthinkitdisgracefultolearnfromeachother.Whenoneoftheliteraticallsanothermanhis“teacher”andhimselfhis“student”peoplewillgettogetherandinvariablylaughathim.Ifyouaskthemwhytheyarelaughing，theywillsayth