海淀區(qū)2015高考英語閱讀理解訓練（3）（答案）

學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精海淀區(qū)2015高考英語閱讀理解訓練（3）(答案)【2015高考復習】閱讀理解 TwothingsIreallybelievein—savingmoneyandsavingtheplanet，andit'sevenbetterwhenIcandosomethingthataccomplishesbothatthesametime。Rainwaterharvestingisjustsuchathing。Inthenearfuture,rainwaterharvestingwillbeascommonastwelve.year.oldgirlscarryingcellphones. Manycountriesalreadyrelyheavilyonrainwater.Bermuda，forexample,everybuildingonthesmallislandcollectstherainwaterfromitsroofandstoresitforlateruse.However，America_is_just_slightly_behind_the_curve.Therearemanywaysyoucanbeginharvestingrainwaterandmostofthemareeasyandinexpensive。Userainbarrelstocollectthewaterthatwouldrunoffofyourroof.You'dbesurprisedhowfastafifty。gallonbarrelwillfillwithfree,usablewater.Newbuildingconstructionofferssomegoodwaystogatherrainwater，andthecostofinstallationisusuallyoffsetbyreducedusageveryquickly.Roofdrainscanbepipedintoundergroundtanks，whereapumpcandrawitupasneeded。 Therainwatercanevenbetreatedtomakeitdrinkable。.。butwait—there'smore！Ifthatrainwaterwerenotcollected，butallowedtorunoveryourlawn，intothestreetandeventuallytoastormwatertreatmentfacility，itwouldpickupallsortsofpollutantsonitsjourney—fertilizersandpesticidesfromthegrass,motoroil，antifreezeandsuchfromtheroads，andwhoknowswhatelse. Dependingonwhereyoulive，thestormwatermaybepipedtoatreatmentplantoritmayruninnaturalchannelstoallownaturetoremovethepollutants.Eitherway，thetreatmentofstormwateriscostly.Ifyoureducetheamountofstormwaterrunofffromyourhomeoroffice，youreducetheneedfortreatment。 Waterisrapidlybecomingoneofourmostpreciousresourcesanditisnotasabundantasyoumaythink。Intheyear2000，theUnitedStatesusedapproximately326billiongallonsoffreshwaterperday。20．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence“Americaisjustslightlybehindthecurve"mean？ A．Americansdon'tshowinterestinharvestingrainwater. B．ThereisnoneedforAmericanstoharvestrainwater。 C．HarvestingrainwaterinAmericaisnotthatcommon。 D．Americanscan’tcollectrainwaterfromtheroofcorrectly。答案C[句意理解題。從第三段“Manycountriesalreadyrelyheavilyonrainwater。Bermuda，forexample...However.。.”可知,美國的情況與Bermuda相反，在利用雨水這方面還跟不上潮流。故選C項.］21．Accordingtothepassage，harvestingrainwatercan________。 A．benefityoueconomicallyandecologically B．benefityourhealthandthesurroundingsaround C．promotethedevelopmentofeconomyandpeace D．makeusliveabetterlifeinthenearfuture答案A［細節(jié)理解題.從第一段“TwothingsIreallybelievein—savingmoneyandsavingtheplanet"可知，收集雨水，無論從經濟上還是環(huán)保方面都是非常有益的.故選A。]22．Whatisthefourthparagraphmainlyconcernedwith? A．Howtotakeadvantageoftherainwater. B．Howtofixtheequipmentundertheground。 C．Howtoreducethecostofnewequipment. D．Howtoharvestrainwatereffectively。答案D［主旨大意題。從第四段“Therearemanywaysyoucanbeginharvestingrainwaterandmostofthemareeasyandinexpensive”可知,該段主要講的是如何收集雨水,故選D。]23．Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat________。 A．itisnoteasytomakerainwaterdrinkable B．theauthorcallsonpeopletoharvestrainwater C．thestormwatercannotbemadedrinkable D．peoplecantreatthestormwaterveryeasily答案B[推理判斷題。從最后一段的“Waterisrapidlybecomingoneofourmostpreciousresourcesanditisnotasabundantasyoumaythink”可推斷出來，作者建議我們收集雨水,故選B。］閱讀理解In1993,NewYorkStateorderedstorestochargeadepositonbeverage(=drink)containers。Withinayear，consumershadreturnedmillionsofaluminumcansandglassandplasticbottles。Plentyofcompanieswereeagertoacceptthealuminumandglassasrawmaterialfornewproducts，butbecausefewcouldfigureoutwhattodowiththeplastic，muchofitwoundendupburiedinlandfills(垃圾填埋場).TheproblemwasnotlimitedtoToday，oneoutoffiveplasticsodabottlesisrecycledintheUnitedStates。Thereasonforthechangeisthatnowtherearedozensofcompaniesacrossthecountrybuyingdiscardedplasticsodabottlesandturningthemintofencepost,paintbrushes，etc.AstheNewYorkexperienceshows,recyclinginvolvesmorethansimplyseparatingvaluablematerialsfromtherestoftherubbish。Adiscardremainsadiscarduntilsomebodyfiguresouthowtogiveitasecondlife—anduntileconomicarrangementsexisttogivethatsecondlifevalue。Withoutadequatemarketstoabsorbmaterialscollectedforrecycling，throwawaysactuallydepresspricesforusedmaterials.Shrinkinglandfillspaceandrisingcostsforburyingandburningrubbishareforcinglocalgovernmentstolookmorecloselyatrecycling。Inmanyareas，theEastCoastespecially，recyclingisalreadytheleastexpensivewaste-managementoption.Foreverytonofwasterecycled，acityavoidspayingforitsdisposal，which,inpartsofNewYork,amountstosavingsofmorethan＄100perton.Recyclingalsostimulatesthelocaleconomybycreatingjobsandreducesthepollutioncontrolandenergycostsofindustriesthatmakerecycledproductsbygivingthemamorerefinedrawmaterial。6。WhatregulationwasissuedbyNewYorkA。Afeeshouldbechargedonusedcontainersforrecycling.B.Throwawaysshouldbecollectedbythestateforrecycling。C。Consumershadtopayforbeveragecontainersandcouldgettheirmoneybackonreturningthem.D.Beveragecompaniesshouldberesponsibleforcollectingandreusingdiscardedplasticsodabottles.7ThereturnedplasticbottlesinNewYorkusedto。A。beturnedintorawmaterialsB.beseparatedfromotherrubbishC.haveasecond—lifevalueD.endupsomewhereunderground8。Thekeyproblemindealingwithreturnedplasticbeveragecontainersis。A.howtoreducetheirrecyclingcostsB。tosellthemataprofitablepriceC。howtoturnthemintousefulthingsD。tolowerthepricesforusedmaterials9.Recyclinghasbecomethefirstchoiceforthedisposalofrubbishbecause。A.recyclingcauseslittlepollutionB.othermethodsaremoreexpensiveC.recyclinghasgreatappealforthejoblessD。localgovernmentsfinditeasytomanage10Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat。A。 recyclingistoberecommendedbotheconomicallyandenvironmentallyB。localgovernmentsintheU。S。canexpectbigprofitsfromrecyclingC.rubbishisapotentialremedyfortheshortageofrawmaterialsD。landfillswillstillbewidelyusedforwastedisposal［全解全析］ 本文講美國紐約1993年頒布法令要求商場就飲料瓶對顧客收費后的執(zhí)行情況。C推理判斷題。由第一段第一句和第二句可推知.D細節(jié)理解題。由第一段第三句中的but分句可知。C細節(jié)理解題。由第一段最后一句和第三段第二句可知。B細節(jié)理解題。由最后一段第二句可知。A推理判斷題。由最后一段的最后一句可推知。高考英語沖刺閱讀理解專項——-—BApopularsayinggoes，“Sticksandstonesmaybreakmybones，butwordswillneverhurtme。"However，that’snotreallytrue。Wordshavethepowertobuildusuportearusdown。Itdoesn’tmatterifthewordscomefromsomeoneelse’sorourselves--—thepositiveandnegativeeffectsarejustaslasting。

Wealltalktoourselvessometimes。We’reusuallytooembarrassedtoadmitit，though。Infact,wereallyshouldn'tbebecausemoreandmoreexpertsbelievetalkingtoourselvesoutloudisahealthyhabit.This“self-talk”helpsusmotivateourselves，rememberthings，solveproblems,andcalmourselvesdown。Beaware，though，thatasmuchas77%ofself—talktendstobenegative。Soinordertostaypositive,weshouldonlyspeakwordsofencouragementtoourselves。Weshouldalsobequicktogiveourselvesapatontheback.Thenexttimeyoufinishaproject，dowellinatest，orfinallycleanyourroom，joinmeinsaying“Goodjob！”O(jiān)ften，wordscomeoutofourmouthswithoutusthinkingabouttheeffecttheywillhave.Butweshouldbeawarethatourwordscausecertainresponsesinothers.Forexample,whenreturninganitemtoastore，wemightusewarm，friendlylanguageduringtheexchange.Andtheclerkwillprobablyrespondinasimilarmanner。Orharsh（刻薄的)andcriticallanguagewillmostlikelycausetheclerktobedefensive.Wordspossesspowerbecauseoftheirlastingeffect。Manyofusregretsomethingweoncesaid.Andwerememberunkindwordssaidtous!Beforespeaking，weshouldalwaysaskourselves：Isitloving？Isitneeded?Ifwhatwewanttosaydoesn’tpassthistest,thenit’sbetterleftunsaid.Wordspossesspower：bothpositiveandnegative。Thosearoundusreceiveencouragementwhenwespeakpositively.Wecanofferhope,buildself—esteem（自尊）andmotivateotherstodotheirbest。Negativewordsdestroyallthosethings。Willweuseourwordstohurtortoheal？Thechoiceisours。1.Themainideaofthefirstparagraphisthat________.A。wordshavealastingeffectonus

B。notsticksandstonesbutwordswillhurtus

C.inspiringwordsgiveusconfidence

D.negativewordsmayletusdown

答案解析：答案為A.本題考查段落大意。段落大意一般通過段落的topicsentence來體現(xiàn),第一段的最后一句話“…thepositiveandnegativeeffectsarejustaslasting."即為該段的topicsentence,故A選項正確。.2。Thereisnosenseforustofeelembarrassedwhenwetalktoourselvesbecause_______。A.itdoesnoharmtohave“self—talk”whenwearealoneB。almosteverybodyhasthehabitoftalkingtothemselvesC。wecanbenefitfromtalkingtoourselvesD。talkingtoourselvesalwaysgivesuscourage答案解析：答案為C。本題為推理題。由第三段“This“self-talk”helpsusmotivateourselves,rememberthings，solveproblems，andcalmourselvesdown.Beaware,though,thatasmuchas77％ofself-talktendstobenegative.Soinordertostaypositive，weshouldonlyspeakwordsofencouragementtoourselves.”可知，雖然77％的自言自語是消極的，但是自言自語可以激發(fā)我們,幫助我們記住事情、解決問題和使我們保持鎮(zhèn)定。為了保持積極，我們對自己應該只講鼓勵的話語。由此可推斷，自言自語讓我們收益.故C選項正確，A選項錯誤。B選項只是一種現(xiàn)象，不是原因，D選項顯得絕對，故均不選.3．Theunderlinedpartinthethirdparagraphmeansthatweshouldalsooccasionally_______。A.giveourselvesamusement

B.praiseourselves

C。remindourselves

D.makeourselvesrelaxed

答案解析：答案為B。本題為句意推斷題。結合劃線部分的下文“Thenexttimeyoufinishaproject，dowellinatest,orfinallycleanyourroom,joinmeinsaying‘Goodjob!’”可知，當我們完成了任務，考試考得好，或者打掃完房間后，要對自己說“干得好！”，故可推斷劃線部分應該意為表揚我們自己。4．Theauthorwouldprobablyholdtheviewthat_________.A.itisbettertothinktwicebeforetalkingtoothers

B。encouragingwordsaresuretoleadtokindoffersC。negativewordsmaystimulateustomakemoreprogressD.peopletendtorememberfriendlywords答案解析：答案為A.由倒數第二段“Beforespeaking,weshouldalwaysaskourselves：Isitloving?Isitneeded？Ifwhatwewanttosaydoesn’tpassthistest，thenit’sbetterleftunsaid.”可知，作者認為在我們講話前要想一想所講的話受人喜歡嗎？受人需要嗎?如果不是這樣，就最好不要講。再結合最后一段，話語有著積極和消極的力量，因此我們講話一定要小心.故答案為A，最好三思而后言.閱讀理解-—-—-—-——-—CNASAismovingaheadwithplanstoputalong-armedLanderonMars'icyNorthPoletosearchforcluesforwaterandpossiblesignsoflife。The＄386millionPhoenixMarsisplannedtotouchdownintheMartianarcticin2008.Thestationaryprobewilluseitsroboticarmtodigintotheicylandandpickupsoilsamplestoanalyze.In2002，theMarsOdysseyorbiterspottedevidenceofice-richsoilnearthearcticsurface.ScientistshopethePhoenixmissionwillfindcluestothegeologichistoryofwaterontheRedPlanetanddeterminewhethermicrobesexistedintheice。PhoenixwillbethefirstmissionoftheMarsScoutprogram,arenewed，low—costefforttostudytheRedPlanet.“ThePhoenixmissionexploresnewterritoryinthenorthernplainsofMarsanalogoustothepermafrostregionsonEarth，”PeterSmithsaid.Truetoitsname，Phoenixrosefromtheashesofpreviousmissions.ThelanderforPhoenixwasbuilttoflyaspartofthe2001MarsSurveyorprogram。Buttheprogrambrokedownafterthewell-knowndisappearanceoftheMarsPolarLanderin1999.ThePolarLanderlostcontactduringalandingattemptneartheplanet’ssouthpoleafteritsrocketengineshutoffprematurely,causingthespacecrafttofallabout130feettoalmostcertaindestruction。ThePhoenixprobehadbeeninstorageataLockheedMartincleanroominDenverbeforeitw