【新高考-新課件】-人教選擇性必修二-Unit1-Reading-an

瑞鑫點(diǎn)教教研院制作PartIUnit1ScienceandScientistsReadingandThinkingJohnSnowDefeats“KingCholera”配套教材：人民教育出版社普通高中教科書選擇性必修第二冊第一單元：科學(xué)與科學(xué)家第一課時:閱讀與思考約翰·斯諾擊敗“霍亂王”

瑞鑫點(diǎn)教教研院制作PartIUnit1Sciencea1IntroductionofUnit1

學(xué)習(xí)能力1.能夠在閱讀中主動發(fā)問，并積極主動地探究答案，從而深化對文章主題和內(nèi)涵的理解，并在實(shí)踐中體會該閱讀策略的作用。2.能夠理解圖表中的信息，讀懂符號和圖注的意義，并結(jié)合文字信息深入理解文章內(nèi)容。3.能夠充分利用圖片中的有效信息預(yù)測聽力內(nèi)容。4.能夠結(jié)合所學(xué)詞匯歸納常見詞綴，并學(xué)會使用構(gòu)詞法理解和記憶詞匯。文化意識1.了解中外科學(xué)家的重要貢獻(xiàn)及其性格特點(diǎn)和高尚品格,深入理解科學(xué)精神的內(nèi)涵，樹立開拓創(chuàng)新、堅韌不拔、艱苦奮斗的觀念。2.了解中國科學(xué)技術(shù)發(fā)展的偉大成就，堅定文化自信。3.思考科學(xué)與生活、科學(xué)與藝術(shù)、科學(xué)與未來發(fā)展的關(guān)系。思維品質(zhì)1.能夠在農(nóng)業(yè)主題的探究中，客觀分析并識別各種信息之間的內(nèi)在關(guān)聯(lián)和差異、2.能夠根據(jù)所獲得的信息加深對主題內(nèi)容的理解，提煉出自己的觀點(diǎn)，井能恰當(dāng)?shù)卣撟C自己的觀點(diǎn)，表達(dá)自己對農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展、糧食問題的看法。IntroductionofUnit1學(xué)習(xí)能力1.能2教學(xué)目標(biāo)和要求語言能力主題：科學(xué)與科學(xué)家單詞：severe,contradictory,infection,subscribe,proof,multiple,household,suspect,blame,handle,intervention,link,raw,pure,substantial,decrease,statistic,transform,microscope,thinking,protein,cell,virus,finding,initial,framework,solid,cast,shadow,rainbow,pour,concrete,mechanic,defend,assistant,missile,leadership,outstanding,gifted,abstract,concept,astronomer,telescope,brilliant,fault,shift,vivid詞塊：onceandforall,subscribeto,waterpump,thanksto,theoreticalframework,breakout,inchargeof,comedown,aboveall語法:能夠在語篇中理解和恰當(dāng)使用表語從句。語篇：1.閱讀約翰·斯諾研究霍亂病源的記敘文，把握文本的時間線索，并結(jié)合斯諾的研究過程梳理科學(xué)研究的基本步驟，思考斯諾身上所體現(xiàn)的科學(xué)精神。2.閱讀錢學(xué)森和史蒂芬，霍金的人物傳記，掌握此類文章的文體結(jié)構(gòu)、行文特點(diǎn)及語言特色，并分析他們身上所體現(xiàn)的科學(xué)精神。3.聽懂談?wù)摽茖W(xué)探究體驗(yàn)活動的對話，把握對話的核心內(nèi)容和重要細(xì)節(jié)。表達(dá)：1.能夠口頭敘述自己參與科學(xué)探究活動的經(jīng)歷，并描述常見的科學(xué)現(xiàn)象，與同學(xué)交流和分享。2.能夠結(jié)合具體的事例闡述自己對科學(xué)精神的內(nèi)涵和基本要素的理解，并在寫作中恰當(dāng)使用銜接詞語，做到銜接自然、行文連貫。教學(xué)目標(biāo)和要求主題：科學(xué)與科學(xué)家單詞：severe,con3Understandthequestioningmind1.Howwouldyoudescribethephoto?Twoyounggirlstudentsareconductinganexperimentinaschoollaboratory,probablytotestatheory,verifyresults,collectdata,ordevelopskillsneededinscientificresearch.2.Whatscientificequipmentcanyouseeinasciencelaboratory?Safetygoggles(防護(hù)眼罩),glassrod(玻璃棒),beaker(燒杯),gauzemat(石棉網(wǎng)),tripod(三腳架),Bunsenburner(本生燈),stand(支架),flask(燒瓶),testtube(試管),testtuberack(試管架),etc.Understandthequestioningmin4提出新的問題，發(fā)現(xiàn)新的可能，從新的角度審視已存在的問題，這些需要創(chuàng)造性的想象力，并標(biāo)志著科學(xué)的真正進(jìn)步?！柌亍垡蛩固姑蕴岢鲂碌膯栴}，發(fā)現(xiàn)新的可能，從新的角度審視已存在的問題，這些5【新高考-新課件】-人教選擇性必修二-Unit1-Reading-anSkimthepassagetoseeiftheorderyoudecidedinTask1wascorrect.JohnSnowDefeatedKingCholeraWhoisJohnSnow?Howdidhedothat?WhatisKingCholera?ParagraphMainidea12-345略讀課文并理解各段落大意，JohnSnow在戰(zhàn)勝霍亂王的過程中，各項(xiàng)研究工作是怎么開展的？請在10分鐘內(nèi)完成排序任務(wù)。analysetheresultsaskaquestiondrawaconclusioncollectdatafindaproblemfindsupporingevidencethinkofamethod任務(wù)2Background(WhoisJohnSnow?)(WhatisKingCholera?)How?ThetruthResultsandsignificanceSkimthepassagetoseeifthe7Or-derStageKeywordsorsentences1twocontradictorytheories2intwoparticularstreetsthecholeraoutbreakwassosevere...findoutwhy3marketingonamap4especiallyhousenumbers16,37,38,and40;suchas20and21BroadStreet,and8and9CambridgeStreet5multipledeathsnearthewaterpump；somehouseholdshadhadnodeaths；6awomanandherdaughterhaddied；thewomanlikedthewaterfromthepump…shehaditdeliveredtoherhouseeveryday7Asaresultofthisevidence,JohnSnowwasabletoannouncethatthepumpwatercarriedcholeragerms.drawaconclusionthinkofamethodcollectdataaskaquestionfindaproblemanalyzetheresultsFindsupportingevidence任務(wù)2Nowlet'schecktherightordersinTask2.analysetheresultsaskaquestiondrawaconclusioncollectdatafindaproblemfindsupporingevidencethinkofamethodOr-derStageKeywordsorsenten8HowdoesthepassagedescribethesevenstagesinJohnSnow'sresearch?Findkeywordsorsentencesinthetext.Or-derStageKeywordsorsentences1twocontradictorytheories2intwoparticularstreetsthecholeraoutbreakwassosevere...findoutwhy3marketingonamap4especiallyhousenumbers16,37,38,and40;suchas20and21BroadStreet,and8and9CambridgeStreet5multipledeathsnearthewaterpump；somehouseholdshadhadnodeaths；6awomanandherdaughterhaddied；thewomanlikedthewaterfromthepump…shehaditdeliveredtoherhouseeveryday7Asaresultofthisevidence,JohnSnowwasabletoannouncethatthepumpwatercarriedcholeragerms.drawaconclusionthinkofamethodcollectdataaskaquestionfindaproblemanalyzetheresultsFindsupportingevidence任務(wù)3Howdoesthepassagedescribe9結(jié)構(gòu)解析Cholerausedtobeoneofthemostfeareddiseasesintheworld,untilaBritishdoctor,JohnSnow,showedhowitcouldbeovercome.Thisillnesscausesseverediarrhoea①,dehydration②,andevendeath.Intheearly19thcentury,whenanoutbreakofcholerahitEurope,millionsofpeoplediedfromthedisease.Asayoungdoctor,JohnSnowbecamefrustrated③becausenooneknewhowtopreventortreatcholera.Intime,herosetobecomeafamousdoctor,andevenattendedtoQueenVictoriawhenshegavebirth.However,heneverlosthisdesiretodestroycholeraonceandforall④.InParagraph1,itintroducesthebackgroundinformationaboutthedisease“cholera”andthedoctorJohnSnow.結(jié)構(gòu)解析Cholerausedtobeoneof10Cholerausedtobeoneofthemostfeareddiseasesintheworld,untilaBritishdoctor,JohnSnow,showedhowitcouldbeovercome.Thisillnesscausesseverediarrhoea①,dehydration②,andevendeath.Intheearly19thcentury,whenanoutbreakofcholerahitEurope,millionsofpeoplediedfromthedisease.Asayoungdoctor,JohnSnowbecamefrustrated③becausenooneknewhowtopreventortreatcholera.Intime,herosetobecomeafamousdoctor,andevenattendedtoQueenVictoriawhenshegavebirth.However,heneverlosthisdesiretodestroycholeraonceandforall④.JohnSnowworkedasoneofthepioneersinscientificstudyinhisage.Howdoesthepassagedescribehimfromdifferentsides?HisjobandnationalityWhatdidhethinkofcholera?

TheProcessofdefeatingKingCholeraThereasonJohncoulddefeatKingCholera.結(jié)構(gòu)解析Cholerausedtobeoneofthe11Ingeneral,doctorsinthosedayshadtwocontradictorytheoriestoexplainhowcholeraspread.Onetheorywasthatbadaircausedthedisease.Anotherwasthatcholerawascausedbyaninfectionfromgerms①infoodorwater.Snowsubscribedtothesecondtheory.Itwascorrect,buthestillneededproof.Consequently,whenanoutbreakofcholerahitLondonin1854,Snowbegantoinvestigate.Hediscoveredthatintwoparticularstreetsthecholeraoutbreakwassoseverethatmorethan500peoplediedintendays.Hewasdeterminedtofindoutwhy.結(jié)構(gòu)解析HisjobandnationalityWhatdidhethinkofcholera?

TheProcessofdefeatingKingCholeraThereasonJohncoulddefeatKingCholera.Ingeneral,doctorsinthosed12Snowbeganbymarkingonamaptheexactplaceswhereallthosewhodiedhadlived.Thereweremultipledeathsnearthewaterpump①inBroadStreet(especiallyhousenumbers16,37,38,and40).However,somehouseholds(suchas20and21BroadStreet,and8and9CambridgeStreet)hadhadnodeaths.Thesepeopleworkedinthepubat7CambridgeStreet.Theyhadbeengivenfreebeer,andsohadnotdrunkthewaterfromthepump.Snowsuspectedthatthewaterpumpwastoblame.Whatismore,inanotherpartofLondon,awomanandherdaughterhaddiedofcholeraaftermovingawayfromBroadStreet.Itseemedthatthewomanlikedthewaterfromthepumpsomuchthatshehaditdeliveredtoherhouseeveryday.Asaresultofthisevidence,JohnSnowwasabletoannouncethatthepumpwatercarriedcholeragerms.Accordingly,hehadthehandleofthepumpremovedsothatitcouldnotbeused.Throughthisintervention,thediseasewasstoppedinitstracks.結(jié)構(gòu)解析Whatkindofdoctorhewas?Whatdidhethinkofcholera?TheprocessofdefeatingKingCholeraThereasonJohncoulddefeatKingCholera.·WhatmethoddidJohnSnowuseincollectingandanalyzingthedata?

·Howdidheprovehistheorytoberight?Snowbeganbymarkingonamap13HereprovidesSnow'scholeramapinParagraph3.What'sthefunctionofmapsusedinscientificresearches?Snowbeganbymarkingonamaptheexactplaceswhereallthosewhodiedhadlived.Thereweremultipledeathsnearthewaterpump①inBroadStreet(especiallyhousenumbers16,37,38,and40).However,somehouseholds(suchas20and21BroadStreet,and8and9CambridgeStreet)hadhadnodeaths.Thesepeopleworkedinthepubat7CambridgeStreet.Theyhadbeengivenfreebeer,andsohadnotdrunkthewaterfromthepump.Snowsuspectedthatthewaterpumpwastoblame.Whatismore,inanotherpartofLondon,awomanandherdaughterhaddiedofcholeraaftermovingawayfromBroadStreet.Itseemedthatthewomanlikedthewaterfromthepumpsomuchthatshehaditdeliveredtoherhouseeveryday.Asaresultofthisevidence,JohnSnowwasabletoannouncethatthepumpwatercarriedcholeragerms.Accordingly,hehadthehandleofthepumpremovedsothatitcouldnotbeused.Throughthisintervention,thediseasewasstoppedinitstracks.結(jié)構(gòu)解析HereprovidesSnow'scholeram14結(jié)構(gòu)解析●Whatkindofmapisit?●Whatdoes“一”mean?●Whatdoes“PH”mean?●Whatdoes30,31,...referto?●Howmanydeathswerethereinhousenumber19inBroadStreet?●WhichhousenumbershadmorethanfourdeathsinBroadStreet?●WhichhousenumbershadnodeathsinBroadStreet?●Whereisthepump?TobetterunderstandJohnSnow’suseofthemap.Thinkaboutthesequestionsandlinkupthemapwithsolution.結(jié)構(gòu)解析●Whatkindofmapisit?T15ThetruthwasthatthewaterfromtheBroadStreetpumphadbeeninfectedbywaste.Moreover,SnowwaslaterabletoshowalinkbetweenothercasesofcholeraandthedifferentwatercompaniesinLondon.SomecompaniessoldwaterfromtheRiverThamesthatwaspollutedbyrawwaste.Thepeoplewhodrankthiswaterweremuchmorelikelytogetcholerathanthosewhodrankpureorboiledwater.ThroughSnow’stirelessefforts,watercompaniesbegantosellcleanwater,andthethreatofcholeraaroundtheworldsawasubstantialdecrease.However,choleraisstillaproblem.Eachyear,millionsofpeoplearoundtheworldgetcholeraandmanydiefromit.Fortunately,wenowknowhowtopreventcholera,thankstotheworkofJohnSnow.Moreover,inhisuseofmapsandstatistics,Snowtransformedthewayscientistsstudydiseases.Forthisreason,Snowisconsideredthefatherofmodernepidemiology①.Text結(jié)構(gòu)解析1.WhatcausedtheoutbreakofcholerainLondonin1854?

2.Wascholeracompletelydestroyed?

3.Howcanwepreventcholera?

4.WhatdoyoulearnfromJohnSnowfromhiswork?Thetruthwasthatthewaterf16ThetruthwasthatthewaterfromtheBroadStreetpumphadbeeninfectedbywaste.Moreover,SnowwaslaterabletoshowalinkbetweenothercasesofcholeraandthedifferentwatercompaniesinLondon.SomecompaniessoldwaterfromtheRiverThamesthatwaspollutedbyrawwaste.Thepeoplewhodrankthiswaterweremuchmorelikelytogetcholerathanthosewhodrankpureorboiledwater.ThroughSnow’stirelessefforts,watercompaniesbegantosellcleanwater,andthethreatofcholeraaroundtheworldsawasubstantialdecrease.However,choleraisstillaproblem.Eachyear,millionsofpeoplearoundtheworldgetcholeraandmanydiefromit.Fortunately,wenowknowhowtopreventcholera,thankstotheworkofJohnSnow.Moreover,inhisuseofmapsandstatistics,Snowtransformedthewayscientistsstudydiseases.Forthisreason,Snowisconsideredthefatherofmodernepidemiology①.Text結(jié)構(gòu)解析Whatkindofdoctorhewas?Whatdidhethinkofcholera?TheProcessofdefeatingKingCholeraThereasonJohncoulddefeatKingCholera.Thetruthwasthatthewaterf17ItwasbelievedthatCholerawascausedbybad___________orgermsin________________.Snow____________theplaceswherethepeoplewho____________hadlived.Manydeathsoccurrednearthe____________inBroadStreet.Somepeople__________drunkthewaterfromthepump,andlived.AwomanandherdaughterdiedinanotherpartofLondonafter___________________.Thepumpwatercarried_____________.The________ofthepumpwasremoved.airfoodorwatermarkeddiedwaterpumphadnotmovingawayfromBroadStreetcholeragermshandleReadthepassageagainandcompletethechartbelow.Matchthefollowingheaderswiththelettersfromthechartbelow.WriteA-Eintheblanks.任務(wù)3ABCED1.conclusion___2.evidence___3.process___4.solution___5.theories___ItwasbelievedthatCholeraw18任務(wù)4思考并帶著這些問題在課文中找答案參考答案TotellushowJohnSnowfoundthecauseofcholeraandthecureforit.TodestroyCholeraonceandforall.Tohelphimfindthereasonofthecholeraoutbreak.Becausecholerawasthemostdeadlydiseaseofitsday.1.What’sthepurposeofthetext?2.WhatinspiredJohnSnowaccordingtothefirstparagraph?3.What’stheuseofJohnSnow’smapinhisresearch?4.Whywascholeracalled“KingCholera”inthetext?任務(wù)4思考并帶著這些問題在課文中找答案參考答案Totell195.Ingroups,discussthefollowingquestions.(1)WhatwasthemostimportanttoolSnowusedtodefeatcholera?Whatcommonmedicaltools,e.g.,amicroscope,didn'theuse?Why?(2)HowhasJohnSnow'sworkaffectedourdailylives?JohnSnow,whoisconsideredthefatherofmodernepidemiology,weredeterminedtodefeatcholerawhichwasoneofthemostfeareddiseasesintheworldinthe19thcentury.(要點(diǎn)1)WhencholerabrokeoutinLondonin1854,hefoundoutthecauseofthediseasebyusingmapsandstatistics.(要點(diǎn)2)Thankstohiseffort,thethreatofcholeraaroundtheworldgreatlydecreased.(要點(diǎn)3)概要寫作:根據(jù)課本P2—P3內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。JohnSnow,whoisconsideredth20背景知識Snow’sinnovativereasoningandapproachtothecontrolofthisdeadlydiseaseremainvalidandareconsideredexemplaryforepidemiologiststhroughouttheworld.Snow’sreputationinanesthesiology,specificallyinregardtohisknowledgeofetherandchloroform,wasconsiderable,suchthathewasaskedtoadministerchloroformtoQueenVictoriawhenshegavebirthin1853toPrinceLeopoldandin1857toPrincessBeatrice.Snow’sachievementsareconsideredremarkable,givenhishumbleoriginandshortlife;astrokecausedhisdeathatage45.

JohnSnow,(bornMarch15,1813,York,Yorkshire,England—diedJune16,1858,London),Englishphysicianknownforhisseminalstudiesofcholeraandwidelyviewedasthefatherofcontemporaryepidemiology.Hisbest-knownstudiesincludehisinvestigationofLondon’sBroadStreetcholeraoutbreak,whichoccurredin1854,andhis“GrandExperiment,”astudycomparingwaterbornecholeracasesintworegionsofthecity—onereceivingsewage-contaminatedwaterandtheotherreceivingrelativelycleanwater.背景知識Snow’sinnovativereasonin211.It

seemed

that

the

woman

liked

the

water

from

the

pump

so

much

that

she

had

it

delivered

to

her

house

every

day.這位婦女似乎非常喜歡水泵的水，所以她每天都讓人把水送到她家?！揪涫狡饰觥勘揪涫且粋€復(fù)合句。Itseemed是主句,thatthewomanliked...是表語從句,so...that...引導(dǎo)的是結(jié)果狀語從句,在結(jié)果狀語從句中,haditdelivered是“have+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語”結(jié)構(gòu),由于it和deliver有邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系,所以用過去分詞形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。ThereissomethingwrongwithmywatchandImusthaveitrepaired.我的表壞了,我必須找人修理一下。Ihadmyhaircutyesterday.我昨天理發(fā)了。重難點(diǎn)解析1.Itseemedthatthewomanli22【句式拓展】“have+賓語+過去分詞形式”的用法(1)表示請(讓)別人做某事CanIhavethisparcelweighedhere?我可以在這兒稱一下這個包裹嗎?(2)表示經(jīng)歷或遭遇了某事Hehadhisfingercutthismorning.今天早晨他把手指割破了。(3)表示主動地完成某動作或解決某事Ihavehadallmymistakescorrected.我把所有的錯誤都改正了。(4)表示容忍或允許做某事(用于否定句,尤其與won’t,can’t等連用)。Wewon’thaveanythingsaidagainsttheteacher.我們不允許有人這樣攻擊老師?！揪涫酵卣埂?3)表示主動地完成某動作或解決某事23【新高考-新課件】-人教選擇性必修二-Unit1-Reading-an242.The

people

who

drank

this

water

were

much

more

likely

to

get

cholera

than

those

who

drank

pure

or

boiled

water.喝這種水的人比喝純凈水或白開水的人更容易得霍亂。【句式剖析】本句是一個復(fù)合句。句中兩個who引導(dǎo)的是定語從句,分別修飾thepeople和those。belikelytodo意為“可能做……”。Thepriceislikelytogodownbecauseofthecompetition.由于競爭,價格可能會下降。Youarelikelytosufferfrombadhealthifyoukeepsmoking.如果繼續(xù)吸煙，你的身體健康可能會受到損害。2.Thepeoplewhodrankthiswa25【句式拓展】(1)It’slikelythat...很可能……(2)unlikelyadj.不大可能的beunlikelyto...不可能……Itislikelythattheycanunderstandusbetterandgiveussomereasonableadvice.他們很可能更理解我們并給我們一些合理的建議。It’smostunlikelythatshe’llarrivebeforeseven.她極不可能在七點(diǎn)前到達(dá)。【溫馨提示】英語中有“It

is

likely

that...”和“sb/sth

be

likely

to

do

sth”的用法,但沒有“It

is

likely

for

sb/sth

to

do

sth”的用法?！揪涫酵卣埂?6【新高考-新課件】-人教選擇性必修二-Unit1-Reading-an27【新高考-新課件】-人教選擇性必修二-Unit1-Reading-an28閱讀圖表1800HumphryDavydescribedtheanestheticpropertiesofnitrousoxide,knownaslaughinggas.1818JamesBlundell,aBritishobstetrician,performedthefirstsuccessfulbloodtransfusiononapatientwhohadhemorrhaged.1847HungariandoctorIgnazSemmelweisfoundthattheincidenceofpuerperalfever(產(chǎn)褥熱,給產(chǎn)婦及嬰兒帶來極高死亡率),fellconsiderablyifhealthworkersdisinfectedtheirhandsbeforetouchingthewomanduringdelivery.1816ReneLaennecinventedthestethoscopeandpioneereditsuseinthediagnosisofchestinfections.

1842CrawfordLong,anAmericanpharmacistandsurgeon,wasthefirstdoctortogiveapatientinhaledetheranesthesiaforasurgicalprocedure.1849ElizabethBlackwellbecamethefirstfullyqualifiedfemaledoctorintheU.S.andthefirstfemaletobeontheU.K.'sMedicalRegister.Shepromotedtheeducationofwomeninmedicine.Therapiddevelopmentofmodernmedicineinthe19thcentury閱讀圖表1800HumphryDavydescribed29讀后活動1867JosephLister,aBritishsurgeonandapioneerofantisepticsurgery,successfullyusedphenol—thenknownascarbolicacid—tocleanwoundsandsterilizesur