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高三第二輪專題復習:
語法名詞性從句GrammarNounclauses名詞性從句高考命題焦點:1.連接詞thatwhether,if(3)who,whom,whose,what,whichwhatever,whichever,whoever…(4)when,where,why,how…4.it作形式主語,形式賓語的用法
5.名詞性從句與定語從句、狀語從句的區(qū)別3.名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣重點難點2.句子的語序、否定前移what表什么(無選擇范圍)which表選擇,哪一個(有選擇范圍)
1.Doyouknow______MissZhu’saddressis?ShemayliveatNo.3orNo.4ofXianxingroad.I’mnotsureof_________.2.Ireadaboutitinsomebookorother,doesitmatter_______itwas?(01北京春季)whatwhichConclusionNo.3orNo.4somebookorotherwhich考點1.連接詞a)what/whichThathewantstogothereisobvious.Iamsurethathewillcometomorrow.Thenewsthatourteamwonthematchinspiredus.Theresultisthatwewonthegame.成分有無詞義備注that無無賓語從句中可省,其余不可省是否無主語,賓語,表語有1)that與whether的區(qū)別()1.Someresearchersbelievethatthereisnodoubt_____acureforAIDSwillbefound.(05廣東卷)2.Wedoubt__________hewilldefeattheothers.3.Theproblemis_______wehaveenoughtime.4.Itdoesn’tmatter_______youcomeornot5.Italldependson_______theskyisgoingtoclearup.
A.ifB.thatC./D.whetherwhether/ifwhetherwhatthatwhetherwhetherwhether2)whether和if的區(qū)別That表確定whether表是否1)主語從句/表語從句
/
同位語從句/介詞后用whether2)Whetherornot連用1._____(What/That/whether)wasmostimportanttoher,shetoldme,washerfamily.(08山東卷)2.____wecan’tgetseemsbetterthan____wehave.What;whatB.what;thatC.That;thatD.That;what3._____madetheschoolproudwas
morethan90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.A.What…whether B.What…thatC.That…what D.That…becauseWhat與that的區(qū)別缺少成分即主語,賓語,表語時用what考點1.連接詞b).that/whether/whatWhatConclusion________等同類詞既可以引導名詞性從句,也可以引導讓步狀語從句,而____________等只能引導讓步狀語從句。whateverNomatterwhat____________yougoand__________youdo,I’llberightherewaitingforyou.WhereverwhateverNomatterwherenomatterwhat離開房間的任何人應該把燈關掉。_________________________oughttoturnoffthelight.他所有的任何東西都被日本士兵站占領了。_________________wasseizedbytheJapanesesoldiers.WhoeverleavestheroomlastWhateverhehad考點1.
連接詞
c)whatever
/whoever/however/whomever/whichever/…1.(09湖南)2.Sheisverydeartous.Wehavebeenpreparedtodo__ittakestosaveherlife.A.whichever
B.however C.whatever
D.whoever2.____,motherwillwaitforhimtohavedinnertogether.
A.HoweverlateheisB.Howeverheislate
C.Nomatter
howlateheisD.Nomatterhowheislate3.______wantstostayinahotelhastopaytheirownway.(08浙江)
A.AnyoneB.Who
C.WhoeverD.Nomatter
who
ExercisesConclusion名詞性從句在句中要用____語序,從句的引導詞必須始終置從句______。考點2.a(chǎn))語序問題
1.Noonecanbesure____inamillionyears.whatwillmanlooklikeB.whatmanwilllooklikeC.manwilllooklikewhatD.whatlookwillmanlike陳述2.Youcan’timagine____whentheyreceivedtheseniceChristmaspresents.A.howtheywereexcitedB.howexcitedtheywereC.howexcitedweretheyD.theywerehowexcited句首ConclusionConclusion例如:我認為這件衣服不適合你穿??键c2.b)否定前移拓展:否定前移的反義疑問句考點問題Idon’tthinkthisdressfitsyouwell,?Hedoesn’tthinkthisdressfitsyouwell,?Idon’tthinkthisdressfitsyouwell.若主句謂語動詞為think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,fancy,guess,imagine等,其后的賓語從句若含有否定意義,一般要把否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句謂語上,從句謂語用肯定式。doesitdoeshe
考點2.名詞性從句特殊語序問題
在“Do/Didyouthink(認為類v.等)…?結(jié)構(gòu)中,賓語從句如果是由疑問詞引導,則要用“疑問詞+do/didyouthink+陳述語序?”句型。doyouthink/suppose/guess/believe/imagine/except/say等Whodoyousuggestbesenttoworkthere?陳述語序。Where
do
you
think
_____
he
_____
the
computer?
—Sorry,I
have
no
idea.(南京市)
A.has;boughtB./;bought
C.did;buyD.does;buy
例如:
你認為我該做什么?whatdoyouthinkIshoulddo?其中的doyouthink看作插入語,相當于whatshouldIdo,doyouthink?注意:doyouthink后的從句語序為Exercise:你建議派誰去那兒工作?基本句型:Itis+形容詞、名詞、過去分詞+that...
+(should)do
a.
Itisimportant(necessary,natural,strange,advisableetc.)+that…
b.Itisapity(ashame,nowonderetc.)+that…
c.Itissuggested(ordered,proposed,required,demanded,requested,insistedetc.)+that…1.Itisorderedthathe_____theexamination?
A.takes B.hastotakeC.musttake D.take2.Itisstrangethathe_____youthis.
A.wouldtellB.shouldtellC.hadtoldD.hastold考點3.虛擬語氣a)主語從句中的虛擬語氣ConclusionWesuggestedthatthemeeting___________A.shouldputoffB.beputoffC.wasputoffD.puttingoffConclusion①表示建議、要求、命令,堅持等動詞suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、insist.request、command、order后的從句謂語動詞用
__________________________。注意:suggest當表示“暗示、表明”講時,insist表示“堅持認為/說”之意時,從句按需要來選擇時態(tài)。(should)+do/bedoneThesmileonhisfacesuggestedthathe______(was/be/is)satisfiedwithourwork.was考點4虛擬語氣b)賓語從句中的虛擬語氣Ⅰa.I
wish
I
______(know)
the
answernow.
b.I
wish
he__________(pass)
the
examyesterday.c.I
wish
I
________(fly)
to
the
moon
in
a
few
years.
對現(xiàn)在虛擬時,that從句中謂語用過去時對過去虛擬時,用had+過去分詞對將來虛擬時,用would
(might等)+動詞原形knewhad
passedwould
flyConclusion②考點3.虛擬語氣b)賓語從句中的虛擬語氣Ⅱ拓展:wouldrather+句子(句中謂語…)It’stime+句子(句中謂語…)過去式shoulddo/過去式
在suggestion,proposal,idea,plan,order,advice等名詞后面的表語從句、同位語從句中要用虛擬語氣,即________________________His
suggestionthatyou_____oncemoresoundsreasonable.
A.tryB.triesC.musttryD.cantry2.The
ordergivenbythecommanderwasthatthey_____untilthecommanderallowedtheyto.
A.stoppedB.didn’tstopC.stopD.notstop考點3.虛擬語氣c)表語和同位語從句中的虛擬語氣Conclusion(should)+do/bedone1.Ithinkthatworthwhilethatwespentsomuchmoneyonthesebooks.2.Thatishardtodecidewhenandwherewewillheldoursportsmeeting.3.(09天津)Itisobvioustothestudentswhethertheyshouldgetwellpreparedfortheirfuture.4.Itdoesn’tmatterthatyouwillcomeornot.itItthatwhether找出下列句子中的錯誤Conclusion當主語從句較長,而謂語較短時,常常將從句______,而用it作為形式主語置于句首。it也可作形式賓語。
后置考點4.it作形式主語和形式賓語It作形式主語的常見句型:(1)Itisafact/anhonor/commonknowledgethat…(2)Itseems/happened/appears…that…(3)Itisreported/proved/said/believedthat…(4)Itisapity/ashame/nowonder…that+主語+(should)do…(5)Itis
suggested/ordered/proposed/required/demanded/requested/insisted…that+主語+(should)do…(6)Itisnatural/strange/necessary/natural/advisable/important
…that+主語+(should)do…It作形式賓語的常見句型:Ithink/feel…/
makeit+adj./n+that…I
hateit
when
peoplespeakwiththeirmouthfull.I
likeit
when
shesingsasongforme.I
will
appreciateit
ifyoucanhelpme.You
countonit
that
heisverysmart.Ican’t
helpit
if
heisalwayslate.1._____isknowntousallthatthe2008OlympicGameswilltakeplaceinBeijing.(福建2008)
A.It
B.What
C.As
D.Which
2.Hedidn’tmake____clearwhenandwherethemeetingwouldbeheld.(07年天津卷)
A.this
B.that
C.it
D.these
Exercises_____isknowntousall,the2008OlympicGameswilltakeplaceinBeijing._____isknowntousallisthatthe2008OlympicGameswilltakeplaceinBeijing.3.Itis+
(時刻,或時間點)...when…“當某事發(fā)生時,是幾點鐘或哪一年”(when引導的時間狀語從句)如:Itwasthreeo'clockwhenIgothome.4.Itis...that…(強調(diào)句型)Itwasatthreeo'clockthatIgothome.拓展:Itis...before/since/when/that…之間怎么區(qū)分?1.Itwas+段時間beforesb.did“過去某人過了...才做…”如:Itwastwodaysbeforehecameback.他過了兩天才回來。
Itwon’tbelongbeforeyouseehimagain.不要多久你就會再見到他。
2.Itis+段時間since+瞬間動詞“自從...已經(jīng)有多少時間了”如:ItistendayssinceIsawhim.從上次我看到他已10天了。注意:如果since后面是持續(xù)動詞則表示動作結(jié)束以來有多久了。如:Itistwomonthssincehesmoked.他不抽煙已經(jīng)2個月了.溫馨提示:Itis/was…that…多用于強調(diào)。判斷方法如下:去掉it、be和that,余下的部分仍是一個完整的句子,這樣的句子是強調(diào)句。練習:請用before,since,that,when填空。1.ItwaslastSunday_____IcameacrossMrBrown.2.Itwon’tbeaminute_____thelunchisready.3.Itwasnotuntil1920_____regularradiobroadcastsbegan.4.WasitduringtheSecondWorldWar_____hedied?5.Ithasbeenoneyear_____Igotthejob.6.Itwillbetwoyears_____wemeetagain.7.Itisyears_____Ienjoyedmyselfsomuch.8.Itistwoweeks_____theSmithslivedinourvillage.beforebeforethatsincesincethatthatsince考點4.
同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別同位語從句前的名詞是一個具有抽象意味的名詞。從句就是其內(nèi)容。that在從句中_______成分。而定語從句就是對前先行詞進行修飾限定,關系詞應代替先行詞在從句中____句子成分。1.(09江西)Thefacthasworriedmanyscientists______theearthisbecomingwarmerandwarmertheseyears.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.though2.Thesuggestion______heraisedatthemeetingisverygood.A.whichB.thatC.whatD./3.Thesuggestion____thestudents(should)haveplentyofexerciseisverygood.A.whichB.thatC.whatD./Conclusion不充當充當做題順序:“二看”一看_____是否完整;二看_____確定答案。從句句意4.
(04天津)
Amoderncityhasbeensetupin______wasawastelandtenyearsago.A.whatB.which C.thatD.where(08重慶卷,33)Allpeople,__theyareoldoryoung,richorpoor,richorpoor,havebeentryingtheirbesttohelpthoseinneedsincethedisaster.A.evenifB.whetherC.nomatterD.however2.
(08北京卷)Thecompaniesareworkingtogethertocreate______theyhopewillbethebestmeansoftransportinthe21stcentury.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whotheplace高考鏈接3.
(09浙江,10
)-Isthereanypossibility______youcouldpickmeupattheairport?-Noproblem.A.When B.that C.whether D.what
Problem-s
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