鐵路術(shù)語(yǔ)(中英文)

一、一般名詞術(shù)語(yǔ)General1、車輛的種類鐵道車輛rollingstock，railwayvehicle，railwaycar客車carriage,passengercar貨車wagon,freightcar特種車specialcar鋼木車steel-woodcar全金屬車allmetalcar全鋼車allsteelcar二軸車two—axlecar四軸車four—axlecar六軸車six-axlecar轉(zhuǎn)向架式車bogiecar關(guān)節(jié)式車articulatedcar動(dòng)車motor—car拖車trailer掌握車controllingcar動(dòng)車組poweredcartrain-set合造車combinedcar簡(jiǎn)易客車simplyequippedcoach代用客車substitutepassengercar雙層客車double-deckcoach母車carwithaxlegenerator子車carwithoutaxlegenerator座車seatcoach硬座車semi—cushionedseatcoach軟座車cushionedseatcoach，softseatcoach臥車sleepingcar硬臥車semi—cushionedberthsleepingcar軟臥車cushionedberthsleepingcar餐車diningcar行李車luggagevan，baggagecar郵政車mailvan,postalcar了望車observationcar公務(wù)車servicecar，privatecar文教車cultureandeducationcar醫(yī)療車hospitalcar衛(wèi)生車ambulancecar試驗(yàn)車testcar修理車maintenancecar宿營(yíng)車dormitoryvan，traincrewcar軌道檢查車trackinspectioncar軌道探傷車railfaultsdetectioncar隧道攝影車tunnel-photographingcar限界檢查車structuregaugedetectioncar檢衡車trackscaletestcar發(fā)電車generatorcar鍋爐車boilercar救援車reliefcar敞車open—topcar,gondolacar棚車coveredwagon，boxcar平車flatcar罐車tankcar守車caboose,brakevan煤車coalcar砂石車gravelcar礦石車orecar漏斗車hoppercar水泥車cementcar保溫車thermalcar隔熱車insulated—coverwagon，insulatedboxcar加冰冷藏車ice-cooledrefrigeratorcar冷凍板冷藏車eutectic—ice-cooledrefrigeratorcar加溫車heatercar冷藏加溫車refrigeratorandheatercar機(jī)械冷藏車mechanicalrefrigeratorcar單節(jié)機(jī)械冷藏車mono-unitmechanicalrefrigeratorcar機(jī)冷貨物車mechanicalrefrigeratorfreightcar機(jī)冷發(fā)電車mechanicalrefrigeratorgeneratingcar機(jī)械冷藏車組mechanicalrefrigeratorcartrain—set通風(fēng)車ventilatedcar家畜車livestockcar,stockcar活魚車fishcar零擔(dān)辦公車officecarforpeddlertrain毒品車posioncar集裝箱車containercar長(zhǎng)大貨物車heavy—dutycar，highcapacitycar凹底平車depressedcenterflatcar落下孔車wellcar,well-holecar雙聯(lián)平車twinnedflatcar鉗夾車schnabelcar自動(dòng)傾翻車sidedumpcar除雪車sweeper,snowplow長(zhǎng)鋼軌車組longrailcartrain—set電站車組powerstationcartrainset車輛縱向longitudinaldirectionofcar車輛橫向transversedirectionofcar車端endofcar一位端“B”endofcar二位端“A”endofcar一位側(cè)No.1positionside二位側(cè)No.2positionside軸位positionofaxle輪位positionofwheel梁位positionofsill車鉤中心線高h(yuǎn)rightfrontopofrailtocouplercenter車輛長(zhǎng)度lengthofcar車輛寬度widthofcar車輛最大寬度max。widthofcar車輛高度heightofcar車輛最大高度max.heightofcar車體長(zhǎng)度lengthoverendsofcarbody底架長(zhǎng)度lengthofunderframe罐體長(zhǎng)度lengthoftankbarrek車體寬度widthoversidesofcarbody底架長(zhǎng)度underframewidth車體內(nèi)長(zhǎng)insidelengthofcarbody車體內(nèi)寬insidewidthofcarbody車體內(nèi)側(cè)面高insideheightofcarbody車體內(nèi)中心高insideheightfromfloortoroofcentre地板面高h(yuǎn)eightoffloorfromrailtop車輛定距〔心盤中心距〕lengthbetweenbogiepivotcenters車輛全軸距totalwheelbaseofcar車輛定距比ratioofcarbodylengthtolengthbetweenbogiecentres換長(zhǎng)equivalentlength旁承間隙sidebearingclearancetareweight載重loadingcapacity整備品重servicingweight總重grossweight自重系數(shù)coefficientoftareweight,tare—to—loadcapacity每延米重loadpermeteroftrack簧上重量suspendedweight,weightabovespring簧下重量non—suspendedweight，weightunderspring構(gòu)造速度designspeed通過最小曲線半徑min.radiusofcurvaturenegotiated動(dòng)力系數(shù)coefficientofkineticforce振動(dòng)舒適度comfortablequalityofvibration平穩(wěn)性指標(biāo)(振動(dòng)舒適度指標(biāo)〕indexofrunningstability傾復(fù)穩(wěn)定性securityofoverturingfromtrack脫軌穩(wěn)定性securityofderailment6、其他emptycarnumberofaxle車輛標(biāo)記letteringandmarkingofcar車輛型號(hào)modelofcar車輛號(hào)碼serialnumberofcarseatingcapacity技術(shù)履歷簿technicalancestrybookhangerclamp,clipanchor，suspensionseat,rest，brackethangerbracketcarrier,support,bearerringchain連接板connectingplate補(bǔ)強(qiáng)板reinforcingplateribpartionplatestayingplate托板supportingplate固定板fasteningplatepressingplate吊板hangingplate支承板bearingplateshim,pad調(diào)整板adjustingplate限制板locatingplatebaffleplate防跳板anticreepplateshieldplate防塵板dustguardplate磨耗板wearplate防火板fireproofplate蓋板coverplate腹板webplateflangeplate地板floorplate頂板roofplatesideplate裝飾板decoratingplate飾帶板lining依據(jù)位置不同所用板plateusedinotherplace節(jié)流板moderatingplate,limitingplateshim，pad,liner，washercap,cover,lidvalvebodygirder,sill,beam，stringerpostdiagonalbracecornice，molding，treadlebarwoodenpartingstringer，nailingstrip隔熱材料heat—insulatingmaterial二走行裝置runninggear1 一般走行裝置runninggear轉(zhuǎn)向架bogie，truck二軸轉(zhuǎn)向架two—axlebogie三軸轉(zhuǎn)向架three—axlebogie組合轉(zhuǎn)向架combinationbogie導(dǎo)框式轉(zhuǎn)向架pedestalbogie導(dǎo)框式轉(zhuǎn)向架non—pedestalbogie導(dǎo)框式轉(zhuǎn)向架pedestalbogie整體側(cè)架轉(zhuǎn)向架bogiewithintegralboxsideframeframe，bogiestructurebogiesideframewheelset有箍車輪tyredwheel整體車輪solidwheel碾鋼車輪wroughtsteelwheel，rolledsteelwheeljournalbox承載鞍adapter軸箱定位裝置boxguidance彈簧減振裝置springandvibrationabsorberdevice彈簧懸掛裝置suspensiondamper彈簧裝置springdevice軸箱彈簧裝置journalspringdevice搖枕彈簧裝置bolsterspringdevice軸箱彈簧journalspring搖枕彈簧bolsterspring均衡彈簧equalizerspring空氣彈簧airspring橡膠彈簧rubberspring第一系彈簧裝置primarysuspension其次系彈簧裝置secondarysuspension一系彈簧裝置single-stagesuspension二系彈簧裝置two-stagesuspension自動(dòng)高度調(diào)整裝置automaticheightadjuster減振器vibrationabsorber摩擦減振器snubber油壓減振器hydraulicdampersidebearing滑塊式旁承slidingblocksidebearing擺塊式旁承pendulumsidebearing滾子式旁承rollersidebearing液壓旁承hydraulicsidebearing氣液旁承hydro-pneumaticsidebearing轉(zhuǎn)向架根底制動(dòng)裝置bogiebrakerigging踏面制動(dòng)treadbraking盤形制動(dòng)discbraking,rotorbraking單側(cè)制動(dòng)singlesidebraking雙側(cè)制動(dòng)claspbraking制動(dòng)梁brakebeambrakeblock,brakeshoebrakeling中磷閘瓦mediumphosphorbrakeshoe高磷閘瓦h(yuǎn)ighphosphorbrakeshoe合成閘瓦compositebrakeshoe制動(dòng)盤brakingdisc心盤面自由高freeheightfromrailtoptocentreplatewearingsurface轉(zhuǎn)向架對(duì)角線bogiediagonalwheelbase固定軸距fixedorrigidwheelbase轉(zhuǎn)向架全軸距totalwheelbaseofbogieassembly輪對(duì)內(nèi)側(cè)距distancebetweenbacksofwheelrims軸頸中心距distancebetweenactingcentersofjournalloadtread踏面斜度treadtaper踏面基點(diǎn)tapingpoint滾動(dòng)圓rollingtreadcircle車輪直徑wheeldiameter輪箍厚度tirethickness輪輞內(nèi)側(cè)厚度riminsidethickness輪輞外側(cè)厚度rimoutsidethickness輪輞寬度rimwidth輪緣高度f(wàn)langeheight輪緣高度測(cè)定線flangebaseline輪緣厚度f(wàn)langethickness輪轂直徑diameterofboss輪轂厚度bossthickness軸箱導(dǎo)框間隙pedestalclearancewithpedestalguide搖枕?yè)蹰g隙columnguidecleatancewiththecolumn軸載荷axleloadingforce軸荷重axleloadwheelsetload心盤載荷centreplateloadingforce旁承載荷sidebearingloadingforce斜對(duì)稱載荷obliquelysymmetricalloadingforce彈簧靜撓度staticdeflectionofspring彈簧動(dòng)撓度dynamicdeflectionofspring彈簧撓度裕量surplusdeflectionofspring,reservedeflectionofspring撓度裕量系數(shù)reservecoefficient〔orsurplusfactor)ofspringdeflection轉(zhuǎn)向架扭曲剛度bogieagainstdistortionrigidity摩擦減振器相對(duì)摩擦系數(shù)relativefrictioncoefficientofsnubber油壓減振器阻力系數(shù)dampingcoefficientofhydraulicdamper減振指數(shù)dampingindex臨界阻尼值criticaldampingvalue脫軌系數(shù)coefficientofderailmentaxletemperature輪緣垂直磨耗verticalwearonflange踏面擦傷scotchingonwheeltread踏面剝離flakingonwheeltread2、轉(zhuǎn)向架構(gòu)架bogiestructure發(fā)電機(jī)吊架genertorhangersupport緩解彈簧座releasespringbracket閘瓦托吊座brakeheadhangerbracket安全吊座safetyhangerbracket固定支點(diǎn)座fixedfulcrumbracketendsillsidesill縱向梁longitudinalsill關(guān)心梁auxiliarytransom搖枕吊耳bolsterhangerlugtransom閘瓦托吊耳brakeheadhangerlug轉(zhuǎn)向架側(cè)bogiesideframe軸箱承臺(tái)pedestaljournalroof上斜弦梁topobliquechord檢查孔inspectionhole斜楔擋frictionwedgestop上弦梁topchordcolumn軸箱擋pedestalleg制動(dòng)梁滑槽brakebeamguide下弦梁bottomchord彈簧承臺(tái)springseat凸臍springseatboss搖枕孔bolsteropening下斜弦梁bottomobliquechord軸箱導(dǎo)框pedestal搖枕及彈簧裝置bolsterandspringdevice彈簧托梁springplankcarrier搖枕吊bolsterhanger搖枕撤消bolsterhangerpin搖枕撤消座bolsterhangerpinseat油壓減振動(dòng)器hydraulicdamper，oildamper彈簧夾板springbutton搖枕彈簧〔外圈〕bolsterspring〔outer〕搖枕彈簧(內(nèi)圈〕bolsterspring(inner)下旁承體bogiesidebearingbase下旁承膠墊bogiesidebearingrubberpad下旁承滑塊bogiesidebearingslidingblock搖枕?yè)鮞olsterguide下心盤bogiecentreplate中心銷centrepinbolster下旁承bogiesidebearing橫向緩沖器lateralbuffer橫向拉桿lateralconnectingrod搖枕板彈簧bolsterdoubleellipticspring彈簧托板springplank安全吊safetyhanger搖枕吊軸bolsterhangershaft搖枕bogiebolster斜楔摩擦面bolsterfrictionwedgepocketslopespringseatboss心盤安裝面centreplatelocation排水孔draininghole中心銷孔centrepinhole固定杠桿支點(diǎn)安裝面deadleverfulcrumbracketlocation下旁承座bogiesidebearingseat搖枕?yè)鮟olumnguide6,7 輪對(duì)軸箱及彈簧裝置wheelset，journalboxandspringdevice后擋板rearguardlubricatingpadfrontguard軸箱蓋boxlid軸瓦墊journalbearingwedge軸箱體journalboxbodyjournalbearing防塵板dustguard,dustshield車軸皮帶輪axlebeltpulleyaxlewheel防塵擋圈dustguardring滾動(dòng)軸承rollerbearing彈簧支柱springguide—post定位套locatingbush軸箱彈簧journalspring支持環(huán)springguide緩沖膠墊rubberpad軸箱后蓋journalboxrearcover軸箱體journalboxbody緊定螺母setnut防松板lockingplate軸箱前蓋journalboxfrimcover均衡彈簧座equalizingspringseat軸箱導(dǎo)框pedestal均衡彈簧〔內(nèi)圈、中圈、外圈〕equalizingspring〔inner,intermediate，均衡梁equalizer軸箱托板journalboxtiebar軸箱導(dǎo)框磨耗板pedestalwearplate8輪對(duì)wheelsetaxle車輪輪箍tire，tyre車輪扣環(huán)retainingring車輪輪心wheelcentre整體車輪solidwheel車軸axle中心孔centrehole軸頸前肩hournalfrontfillet

outer〕軸頸后肩journalrearfillet輪座前肩wheelseatfrontfillet輪座后肩wheelseatrearfillet軸中心部axlemiddleportionaxlebodywheelseat防塵板座dustguardseatjournalcollar整體車輪solidwheelwebplateflange輪轂孔wheelhubborehub,bossrimthread輻板孔webplatehole軸箱體journalboxbodyfrontwalljournalboxroof軸箱口journalboxopeningeaves瓦墊擋journalbearingwedgestopper承臺(tái)座pedestalseatbottom排水槽drainingslot軸箱蓋耳孔座journalboxhingelugrearwall防塵板槽dustguardslot瓦耳擋bearinglugguardsidewallpedestalguide油壓減振器hydraulicdamperpressingplate膠墊rubberfittingpadsleeve密封蓋sealcap密封圈sealring密封襯墊sealringretainernut密封彈簧sealspring導(dǎo)向套guidebush缸端蓋cylinderendcap缸體cylinderbody防塵罩dustprotectorpiston芯閥keyvalve閥套valvebush閥座valveseatvalveclack進(jìn)油閥座oilinletvalveseat儲(chǔ)油缸o(hù)ilstoragecylinder轉(zhuǎn)向架根底制動(dòng)裝置bogiebrakerigging制動(dòng)梁brakebeam制動(dòng)梁緩解彈簧brakebeamreleas