上海市高考英語語法專題復(fù)習(xí)：非謂語動(dòng)詞綜合講義

考點(diǎn)五：非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞包括動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞、現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞。一、動(dòng)詞不定式(一)構(gòu)成:to+動(dòng)詞原形例句:TolearnEnglishwellrequirespatience.Toseeistobelieve.Toreachthetopwashisgoal.(二)用法:作主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語等例句:Helikestoreadnovels.(賓語)Ourplanistobuildanewschool.(表語)Ihaveanessaytowrite.(定語)Weusecomputerstosavetime.(狀語)二、動(dòng)名詞(一)構(gòu)成:動(dòng)詞ing形式例句:Seeingisbelieving.LearningEnglishisuseful.Writingpoemsismyhobby.(二)用法:作主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語等例句:Ienjoyreadingnovels.(賓語)Oneofherdutiesisteachingstudents.(表語)Thegirldancingoverthereismycousin.(定語)Hebecamefatbyeatingtoomuch.(狀語)三、現(xiàn)在分詞(一)構(gòu)成:動(dòng)詞ing形式例句:Themansittingthereismyteacher.Thebookisveryinteresting.(二)用法:作定語、表語、狀語等例句:Thestudentstalkingloudlydisturbedtheclass.(定語)Hisspeechsoundsamazing.(表語)Walkinginthepark,Isawabeautifulbird.(狀語)四、過去分詞(一)構(gòu)成:動(dòng)詞過去式+ed例句:Therepairedcarlooksbrandnew.Iwassoexcited.(二)用法:作定語、表語、狀語等例句:Thefallenleavescoveredtheground.(定語)Thefoodwascookedperfectly.(表語)Boredwiththemovie,hefellasleep.(狀語)練習(xí)一：選擇合適的非謂語動(dòng)詞從括號(hào)內(nèi)選擇合適的非謂語動(dòng)詞填空。Theteacherencouragedus__________(study)harderfortheupcomingexams.Thecat,__________(sit)bythewindow,watchedthebirdsoutside.Shewants__________(become)adoctorandhelppeople.Theyspenttheweekend__________(hike)inthemountains.ThebookwassointerestingthatIcouldn'tstop__________(read)it.Isuggest__________(visit)themuseumduringyourtrip.Hewasexcitedabout__________(start)hisnewjob.Sheapologizedfor__________(arrive)latetothemeeting.練習(xí)二：句子改寫將給定句子改寫，使用適當(dāng)?shù)姆侵^語動(dòng)詞形式。Hecansolveproblemseasily.改為：Heisgoodat__________problems.ShestartedlearningSpanishtwoyearsago.改為：Shebegan__________Spanishtwoyearsago.Theylistenedtomusicwhiletheyweredoingtheirhomework.改為：Whiletheyweredoingtheirhomework,theylistened__________tomusic.Thecatsawthedogandimmediatelyranaway.改為：Seeingthedog,thecat__________immediately.Shefoundthelostkeysonthestreet.改為：Findingthelostkeysonthestreet,__________.練習(xí)三：填空完成短文根據(jù)上下文，在空格處填入適當(dāng)?shù)姆侵^語動(dòng)詞。Asapassionateenvironmentalist,Ibelievein__________(protect)ourplanet.Oneofmyfavoriteactivitiesis__________(plant)treesinthelocalcommunity.Lastweekend,Igatheredagroupofvolunteersandwespenttheday__________(dig)holesand__________(place)youngsaplingsinthem.It'sincrediblysatisfyingtoseethepositiveimpactofourefforts.Besides__________(plant)trees,Ialsoenjoy__________(organize)recyclingcampaignsand__________(educate)peopleaboutsustainableliving.By__________(work)together,wecanmakeadifferenceandcontributetoagreenerfuture.練習(xí)四：連詞填空根據(jù)意思，在空格處填入適當(dāng)?shù)姆侵^語動(dòng)詞或短語。Shearrivedlate,__________(apologize)forherdelay.Theysatbythefireplace,__________(chat)abouttheirtravels.__________(Read)theinstructionscarefully,oryoumightmake