2022-2023學(xué)年四川省成都市成華區(qū)高一（下）期末英語試卷（含解析）

第=page11頁，共=sectionpages11頁2022-2023學(xué)年四川省成都市成華區(qū)高一（下）期末英語試卷一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共37.5分）ASelf-WateringPlanterThisprojectaimstoprovideahouseholddecorationthatcanbeusedtoautomatically（自動(dòng)）waterplantswhentheirownersforgettodoso.

Step1：Youwillneed：?Acottonshirt?Twopots?Wires?Safetyglasses?Scissors（剪子）?Pliers（鉗子）?Aplant!

Weshouldbuyapotfor＄4，andaplantfor＄5.

Step2：Cutafireandformacircleinthecenterofeachstraightenedwire.Thediameter（直徑）ofthecircleneedstomatchthediameterofthesmallpotat1inchesfromthebase.Twistthecircletofixfirmlyitsposition.Ifneeded，useapairofplierstoformatightertwist.

Step3：Taketheendsofthefirstwirecirclestructureandfeedthemthroughthesecondcircle.Then，feedtheendsofthesecondcirclestructurethroughthefirstcircle.Finally，pullthestructuressothatthecirclesoverlap.

Step4：Centerthewireframeonthelargepot，andinsertthebaseofthesmallpotintotheloop.Adjust（調(diào)整）thewireframesothatthewireframeandbaseofthesmallpotsitslightlybelowthelipofthelargepot.

Step5：Foreachendonthewirestructure，cutthewiretoalengththatwillsecurelyhook（勾?。﹖helipofthelargepot.Usingpliers，bendthewiretoformthiscircle.Thenformandcutasnecessary.Boththelengthandangleofeachhookwillhavetobetakenintoaccount.

Step6：UsethescissorstocutastripofclothfromtheT-shirt.Makesuretocutenoughclothsothatthewick（燈芯）closelyfitsthediameteroftheholeinbottomofthesmallpot.Dividethetoppartofthewickintothreestrips.

Step7：Feedthewickthroughtheholeinthebottomofthesmallpot，sothatthedividedpartofthewickisinthepot.Evenlyplacethestripsaroundtheinsideofthesmallpot.

Step8：Placethepottedplantintothewireframe.Pourwaterinthelargepot.Enjoyyourself-wateringplant!1.Whatisthepurposeofthisproject？______A.Tocleanthehouse. B.Towaterplants.

C.Togrowplants. D.Tofeedfood.2.Howmuchshouldyoupayforthisproject？______A.＄13. B.＄9. C.＄5. D.＄4.3.WhatisStep6inthisproject？______A.Putinsidewickandpottheplant.

B.Collectthefinalproduct.

C.Acquirematerials，likecloth.

D.Createthewick.BTheevolutionofbutterfliescontinuesveryfast.Specieswithlargerwingspans（翼幅）haveexpandedtheirrangeinhigh-latitudepartsofNorthAmericaastheclimatehaswarmed，whilesmallerbutterfliesandthoseadaptedtocoldconditionshavetendedtodecline.

VaughnShireyatGeorgetownUniversityinWashingtonDCandhiscolleaguesbuiltacomputationalmodeltoanalysethepresenceof90butterflyspeciesabove45northinNorthAmericafrom1970to2019.

Theteamanalysedhowshiftingmonthlyminimumtemperaturesoverthepast50yearsmayhaveaffectedtherangesofbutterflies.

Themonthlyminimumtemperaturesincreasedby0.86℃（1.5°F），onaverage，acrossthestudyregionfromthe1970stothe2010s.Astemperaturesrose，butterflyspecieswithlargerwingspansweremorelikelytospreadoutintoagreaterproportionofthestudyregion.Butforsmallerbutterflies，risingtemperatureswerelinkedwithaasmallernumberintheareaoverwhichtheywerefound.

"Itseemslogicaltoassumethat，ifspecieswithlargerwingspanshavethecapacitytobettertraveltonewsuitablehabitats，itgivesthosespeciesanadvantageinachangingclimate，"saysYoanFourcadeattheInstituteofEcologyandEnvironmentalSciencesinParis.

Butterfliesadaptedtowarmertemperaturesalsoseemedtohavedispersed（分散）moreacrossthestudyregionthanthoseadaptedtocolderclimates.

Climatechangehasbeenlinkedwithafallinsomebutterflyspecies，includingthemonarch（Danausplexippus）inNorthAmerica.Butsomeappeartobeadapting：a2022studyfoundthatBritishbutterfliesaresteadilygettingbiggerinresponsetorisingtemperatures.4.Whatisthefocusofthearticle？______A.Theimpactofclimatechangeonbutterflies.

B.Themigrationpatternsofbutterflies.

C.Thesizeofbutterflywingspans.

D.Thesmallernumberofbutterflies.5.Whatistherelationshipbetweenrisingtemperaturesandsmallerbutterflies？______A.Temperatureshavelittleeffectonsmallerbutterflies.

B.Smallerbutterflieshaveincreasedinnumber.

C.Smallerbutterflieshavereducedinnumber.

D.Smallerbutterflieshavemigratedtocolderclimates.6.Whatadvantagedospecieswithlargerwingspanshaveinarisingclimate？______A.Theyarebetterabletotraveltonewsuitablehabitats.

B.Theyarebetteradaptedtocolderclimates.

C.Theyaremoreresistanttoclimatechange.

D.Theyaremorelikelytodisperseacross.7.Whatdoestheauthoremphasizeaboutbutterfliesinthelastparagraph？______A.Theyaremigratingtowarmerclimates.

B.Theyarebecomingsmallerinsize.

C.Theyarereducinginnumber.

D.Theyaregettingbigger.CHoFengShan，theChineseConsulGeneralinViennafrom1938to1940，wasrecentlyrecognizedforhiscourageousactionsduringtheracemurder（屠殺）.HereceivedtheLyndonBainesJohnsonMoralCourageAwardattheannualdinneroftheHolocaustMuseumHoustononApril30th.

DuringhistimeasConsulGeneral，HoissuedthousandsofvisastoJewishrefugees，allowingthemtoescapethefateofconcentrationcamps.Hiseffortsresultedinapproximately18，000JewishrefugeesfindingshelterinShanghaibetween1938and1940.

Ho'sdaughter，HoManli，acceptedtheawardonbehalfofherlatefather.Shespokeabouthowproudshewasofherfather'sbraveryandhowimportantitistorememberhisactionsduringsuchadarkperiodinhistory.

LotteMarcus，aJewishrefugewhosefamilyobtainedvisasfromtheChineseConsulate，toldherstorybyvideo.HerfamilyescapedtoShanghaiandshespentmorethansevenyearstherebeforeheadingtotheUS."14peopleofourfamilywhodidnotleave，wereallkilled，"saidMarcus，whocalledHo"thebrightlightinthedarknessoftheracemurder".

TherecognitionofHoFengShanservesasareminderoftheimportanceofmoralcourageandstandingupforwhatisright，eveninthefaceofdanger.Italsohighlightstherolethatindividualscanplayinmakingapositiveimpactontheworld.

TheHolocaustMuseumHouston'sdecisiontohonorHoFengShanissignificant，asitbringsattentiontotheoften-forgottenstoriesofthosewhoriskedtheirlivestosaveothersduringtheracemurder.Itisthroughtherecognitionoftheseindividualsthatwecancontinuetolearnfromthepastandseekforabetterfuture.

Overall，thestoryofHoFengShanisoneofbravery，compassion，andhumanity.Itisareminderthateveninthedarkestoftimes，therearethosewhoarewillingtostandupandmakeadifference.8.WhatdidHoFengShandoduringhistimeinVienna？______A.HeissuedthousandsofvisastoJewishrefugees.

B.HetriedtohelptheChineserefugees.

C.Heworkedinaconcentrationcamp.

D.Hehelpedherdaughterescape.9.Whatisthefourthparagraphmainlyabout？______A.AfamilyescapedtoShanghai.

B.AfamilyobtainedvisasfortheUS.

C.AfamilywassavedbyHoFengShan.

D.14peopleofMarcus'familywerekilled.10.WhatdoestherecognitionofHoFengShanserveasareminderof？______A.Standingupforwhatisright. B.Stayingoutofconflicts.

C.Bringingattention. D.Takingpride.11.WhatcanwelearnfromtherecognitionofindividualslikeHoFengShan？______A.Forgettingaboutthepastandfocusonthepresent.

B.Honoringindividualsdirectlyaffectedbytheracemurder.

C.Learningfromthepastandstruggleforabetterfuture.

D.Forgivingindividualsriskingtheirlivestosaveothers.DThedevelopmentofartificialintelligenceishappeningrapidly，andtworecenteventshigh-lightthistrend.OnMay10th，Googleannounceditsplanstousemachine-learningtechniquestogenerate（生成）textinitsexistingproducts.SundarPichai，theCEOofGoogle'sparentcompanyAlphabet，statedthattheyare"reimaginingallofourcoreproducts，includingsearch."ThismoveisseenasaresponsetoMicrosoft'ssimilarfunctionalityonBing.

TheuseoflargelanguagemodelsinAlhasbeengainingmomentuminrecentyears.Thesemodelsallowcomputerstounderstandhumanlanguageandgeneratetextthatissimilartowhatahumanwouldwrite.Thepotentialapplicationsforthistechnologyarevast，fromimprovingsearchenginestocreatingmorenatural-soundingchatbots.

However，thereareconcernsabouttheethicalimplicationsofAI.Manyworryaboutthepossibilityforunfairinfluencesinalgorithms（算法）andtheimpactonjobsasautomationbecomesmorepopular.TherearealsofearsaboutthemisuseofAIinareassuchasmonitoringandconflict.

Despitetheseconcerns，theracetodevelopanddeployAIcontinues.CompanieslikeGoogleandMicrosoftareinvestingheavilyinthistechnology，andgovernmentsaroundtheworldarealsotakingnotice.ItremainstobeseenhowAIwillshapeourfuture，butitisclearthatitwillplayanincreasinglyimportantroleinourlives.

ForEnglishlearners，understandingthebasicsofAIanditspotentialimpactonsocietyisessentialknowledgeintoday'sworld.AsAIcontinuestoevolve，itislikelythatmoreandmoreaspectsofourliveswillbeaffectedbythistechnology.12.WhatisMicrosoftusinglargelanguagemodelstodo？______A.Understandhumanlanguage.

B.Improveitssearchengine，Bing.

C.Generatetextasahumanwouldwrite.

D.Createmorenatural-soundingchatbots.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"momentum"meaninParagraph2？______A.Development. B.Worry. C.Challenge. D.Education.14.WhatarethethirdconcernsabouttheethicalimplicationsofAI？______A.Thepossibilityforunfairinfluences.

B.ThemisuseofAIinareas.

C.Theracetodevelop.

D.Theimpactonjobs.15.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsAIasanEnglishlearner？______A.Unconcerned. B.Unhappy. C.Doubtful. D.Supportive.二、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共12.5分）Whenyousay，"Youshouldn'tdothat，"toateenager，yourfeedback（反饋）islikelytobemetwithaneyeroll.Bythetimekidsturnintoteens，theydon'tthinktheyneedmuchhelpfromadults—especiallytheirparents.（1）______

It'simportantforyourteenstobeabletohearconstructivecriticismwithoutautomaticallybecomingdefensive.（2）______They'llneedyouradviceonhowtheycanimprovetheirchancesofsuccess.Butbeforetheycantakethatadvice，they'llhavetobeopentolisteningtoit.（3）______Everytimeyougiveyourteensconstructivecriticism，yougivethemanopportunitytogrowandchange.

Ifyou'reofferingconstructivefeedback，viewyourroleasaguide.Pointoutwhatyourteendidwellwhileaddingwhatshe/hecoulddobetternexttime.Besides，pointoutmistakesinagentlemanner.Itcanhelpthemseethatmistakesaren'tsomethingtheyshouldbeashamedof.（4）______Theycanlearnhowtobouncebackfromfailure.

（5）______Ifyourteensdon'ttrustyouwhenyouaregivingthemfeedback，theywon'tlistentowhatyouhavetosay.Ratherthanthinkingabouthowtoapplyyourfeedbacktotheirlife，they'llinvesttheirenergyintothinkingwhyyouradvicedoesn'tmatter.Ifyourteensrespectyou，they'llhaverespectforyouropinion.

Itmustbenotedthatafteryou'veexpressedyourconcern，askyourteensfortheiropinion.Showingawillingnesstolistentothemcangoalongwaytowardencouragingthemtolistentoyou.

A.Listentoyourteens'opinion.

B.Itcouldhelpthembecomeabetterperson.

C.Instead，theycanuseitasalearningopportunity.

D.Yourteensneedtoknowhowtoimprovetheirsocialskills.

E.Forconstructivecriticism，ahealthyrelationshipisnecessary.

F.Then，they'llneedtobeabletobeopentochangingtheirbehavior.

G.However，constructivecriticismcanbeessentialtoyourteens'welfare.16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大題共15小題，共15.0分）PaulandIwereonourschoolbasketballteam，TheLions.WelovedbasketballandwerebothhugefansoftheNBA.Paul'sfavourite（1）______wasTyroneBogues，aguywhoplayedfortheCharlotteHornets.

Bogueswasonly1.6metrestall，whichmadehimthe（2）______playereverintheNBA.Guesswhat？Paulwasonly1.6metrestall，too!Paulknewthatbeingshorterthanotherplayersmeantthathehadto（3）______more.Duringallthosehoursofdoingjumpshotsonhisown，heusedBoguesashis（4）______.Pauloncesaid，"IfBoguescouldmakeit，whynotme？"

Ourcoachwasnotso（5）______.Paulhadtotryoutmanytimesjustformakingthe（6）______.Hewasstill（7）______onthebench，beingjustsomeonetakingtheplace，andjustanunderdog.EveryoneknewPaulhadreal（8）______，andwassomeonewhoworkedreallyhardandhadastrongdesiretoplayfortheteam.However，Pauldidn'tgetachance.

Thisweek，TheLionswereplayingourmaincompetitors，TheBears，ateamwhose（9）______thisseasonhadbeen（10）______.Theyhadn'tlostasinglegame.Pauldidn'tknowhe'dsoongetthechancethathe'dbeenwaitingfor.

Suddenly，aplayerandIcrashed（碰撞）intoeachother.Mykneehurtbadly.Theteamgatheredaround，lookingworried.Thelast（11）______wasabouttobegin，andmyteamwas（12）______by10points.IaskedthecoachtoletPaulplay.

Thecoachfinallyagreed.Paul（13）______thechanceandrushedontothecourt.And（14）______，alltheextrahoursthathe'dspentpractisingalone（15）______.Theotherteamjustcouldn'tkeepupwithhisenergyandspeed.Hemadeshotaftershot，andthecrowdcouldn'tstopclappingandcheering.Whenthegameended，ourteamhadwonbytwopoints.21.

A.player B.team C.fan D.coach22.

A.favourite B.shortest C.mostfamous D.leastpopular23.

A.run B.compete C.practise D.make24.

A.approach B.relaxation C.schedule D.inspiration25.

A.doubtful B.sure C.reliable D.amazed26.

A.discovery B.research C.team D.experiment27.

A.seldom B.hardly C.usually D.immediately28.

A.friends B.skills C.talents D.requests29.

A.chance B.record C.equipment D.experience30.

A.meaningful B.sufficient C.effective D.perfect31.

A.quarter B.show C.game D.class32.

A.ahead B.over C.behind D.under33.

A.turneddown B.triedout C.thoughtof D.jumpedat34.

A.clearly B.luckily C.possibly D.accidentally35.

A.paidoff B.tookoff C.setoff D.gaveoff四、語法填空（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）36.Teaisoneofthethreemajordrinksintheworld，（1）______（produce）inmorethan60countriesandregionsworldwideandenjoyedbyovertwobillionpeople.InNovember2019，theUnitedNationsdeclaredMay21asInternationalTeaDay.

Theresolutioninvitestheinternationalcommunity（2）______（observe）InternationalTeaDayin（3）______appropriatemannerandinaccordance（一致）withthemostimportantthingthenationhastodo，througheducationandactivitiesaimedatraisingpublic（4）______（aware）oftheimportanceoftea，（5）______（especial）forruraldevelopmentandsustainablelivelihoods.

Teaproductionandprocessingisamainsourceoflivelihoodsfor（6）______（million）offamiliesin（7）______（develop）countries，andteaisthemainmeansofsurvivalformillionsofpoorfamilieswholiveinanumberoftheleastdevelopedcountries.

Teaproductionandprocessingcontributes（8）______thefightagainsthunger，thereductionofextremepoverty，thesocialpositionofwomen（9）______thesustainableuseoflandecosystems.

Theteaindustryisamainsourceofincomeandexporttaxes（稅收）forsomeofthepoorestcountriesand，asalabor-intensiveindustry，（10）______（provide）jobs，especiallyinremoteandeconomicallydisadvantagedareas.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、閱讀表達(dá)（本大題共2小題，共20.0分）37.AMOTHER'SDAYSURPRISEThetwinswerefilledwithexcitementastheythoughtofthesurprisetheywereplanningforMother'sDay.HowpleasedandproudMotherwouldbewhentheybroughtherbreakfastinbed.TheyplannedtomakeFrenchtoastandchickenporridge.Theyhadwatchedtheirmotherinthekitchen.Therewasnothingtoit.JennaandJeffknewexactlywhattodo.

Thebigdaycameatlast.Thealarmrangat6a.m.Thepairwentdownthestairsquietlytothekitchen.Theydecidedtoboiltheporridgefirst.TheyputsomericeintoapotofwaterandleftittoboilwhiletheymadetheFrenchtoast.Jeffbroketwoeggsintoaplateandaddedinsomemilk.Jennafoundthebreadandputtwoslicesintotheeggmixture.Next，Jeffturnedonthesecondstoveburnertoheatupthefryingpan.EverythingwasgoingsmoothlyuntilJeffstartedfryingthebread.Thepanwastoohotandthebreadturnedblackwithinseconds.Jennathrewtheburntpieceintothesinkandputintheothersliceofbread.Thistime，sheturneddownthefiresoitcookednicely.

ThenJeffnoticedsteamshootingoutofthepotandthelidstartingtoshake.Thenextminute，theporridgeboiledoverandputoutthefire.Jennapanicked.Thankfully，Jeffstayedcalmandturnedoffthegasquickly.Butthestovewasamessnow.JennatoldJefftocleanitupsotheycouldcontinuetocooktherestoftheporridge.ButJeff'shandtouchedthehotburnerandhegaveacryofpain.Jennamadehimputhishandincoldwater.Thenshecaughtthesmellofburning.Ohdear!Thepieceofbreadinthepanhadturnedblackaswell.

Asthetwinslookedaroundthemindisappointment，theirfatherappeared.

根據(jù)文本內(nèi)容從以下方框中選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~，并用其正確形式填入文本梳理的表格框架中，每詞限用一次，有兩詞為多余選項(xiàng)。

bringbuycleandisappointexciteforcefrygoodmakethankthrowturnStoryARFrameworkActions：experiences/problemsReactions：emotions/solutionsThetwinsplannedasurpriseforMother'sDay.Theywere（1）______.TheydecidedtomakeFrenchtoastandchickenporridge，and（2）______breakfastforherinbed.Motherwouldbepleasedandproud.Theyboiledtheporridgewhile（3）______theFrenchtoast.Everythingwasgoing（4）______.They（5）______thebread.Thefirstsliceturnedblackandwas（6）______intothesink.Theyturneddownthefire.Theotherslicecookednicely.Theporridgeboiledoverandputoutthefire.Jennapanicked.Jeffwas（7）______thathestayedcalmandturnedoffthegasquickly.They（8）______upthestoveinamess.Theycouldcontinuetocooktherestoftheporridge.Jeff'shandtouchedthehotburner.Jeffgaveacryofpain，andwas（9）______toputhishandincoldwater.Theotherpieceofbreadinthepanturnedblack.

Theycaughtthesmellofburning.Theyfelt（10）______.Theirfatherturnedup(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)38.AMOTHER'SDAYSURPRISEThetwinswerefilledwithexcitementastheythoughtofthesurprisetheywereplanningforMother'sDay.HowpleasedandproudMotherwouldbewhentheybroughtherbreakfastinbed.TheyplannedtomakeFrenchtoastandchickenporridge.Theyhadwatchedtheirmotherinthekitchen.Therewasnothingtoit.JennaandJeffknewexactlywhattodo.

Thebigdaycameatlast.Thealarmrangat6a.m.Thepairwentdownthestairsquietlytothekitchen.Theydecidedtoboiltheporridgefirst.TheyputsomericeintoapotofwaterandleftittoboilwhiletheymadetheFrenchtoast.Jeffbroketwoeggsintoaplateandaddedinsomemilk.Jennafoundthebreadandputtwoslicesintotheeggmixture.Next，Jeffturnedonthesecondstoveburnertoheatupthefryingpan.EverythingwasgoingsmoothlyuntilJeffstartedfryingthebread.Thepanwastoohotandthebreadturnedblackwithinseconds.Jennathrewtheburntpieceintothesinkandputintheothersliceofbread.Thistime，sheturneddownthefiresoitcookednicely.

ThenJeffnoticedsteamshootingoutofthepotandthelidstartingtoshake.Thenextminute，theporridgeboiledoverandputoutthefire.Jennapanicked.Thankfully，Jeffstayedcalmandturnedoffthegasquickly.Butthestovewasamessnow.JennatoldJefftocleanitupsotheycouldcontinuetocooktherestoftheporridge.ButJeff'shandtouchedthehotburnerandhegaveacryofpain.Jennamadehimputhishandincoldwater.Thenshecaughtthesmellofburning.Ohdear!Thepieceofbreadinthepanhadturnedblackaswell.

Asthetwinslookedaroundthemindisappointment，theirfatherappeared.

閱讀上文，根據(jù)以上文本內(nèi)容回答下列問題。(1)WhatmainproblemdidthetwinsfaceasFatherappearedandwhatdidFatherdotohelpthem？______(2)WhatdidthetwinsandFathercontinuetodotogethertosolvetheproblems？______(3)WhatdidtheydofortheirmotherandhowdidMotherreacttotheirdeeds？______六、書面表達(dá)（本大題共1小題，共20.0分）39.假設(shè)你是某文雜志的"知心阿姨"（AgonyAunt），Helen，請(qǐng)閱讀下面的這封求助信，并根據(jù)信的內(nèi)容寫一封回信。

要求：

（1）100詞左右；

（2）文中不要出現(xiàn)作者本人的真實(shí)信息；

（3）信件的格式已經(jīng)為你寫好。

DearHelen，

Iamnotquitemyselfthisterm.Iamunderpressurefrombothmyfriendsandstudy.OneofmyclassmatesnamedDannydoesn'tlikeme.

Hespeaksillofmebehindmybackeverynowandthen，somanyclassmatesdon'tlikeme.IamnotfeelinggoodeverytimeIwalkintotheclassroom.Isometimesprefertostayathometoavoidstudents'eyesights.

ItbothersmesomuchthatIcan'tfocusonmystudy.Ididabadjobinmymid-termexamination.IfailedinmypoorsubjectMathsandevengetalowmarkonmyadvantagedsubjectEnglish.

Iamsuchaloserbothininterpersonalrelationshipandstudy.Withnocouragetofacemyclassmates，Idon'twanttogotoschool.WhatshouldIdo？

Yourssincerely，BenDearBen，

___________

Yourssincerely，Helen

答案和解析1~3.【答案】B、A、D【解析】（1）目的意圖題。根據(jù)第一段This

project

aims

to

provide

a

household

decoration

that

can

be

used

to

automatically（自動(dòng)）

water

plants

when

their

owners

forget

to

do

so.（這個(gè)項(xiàng)目旨在提供一種家庭裝飾，當(dāng)主人忘記給植物澆水時(shí)，它可以自動(dòng)給植物澆水。）可知這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的目的是給植物澆水。故選B。

（2）數(shù)字計(jì)算題。根據(jù)第二段Step

1：You

will

need：

?

A

cotton

shirt

?

Two

pots

?

Wires

?

Safety

glasses

?

Scissors（剪子）

?

Pliers（鉗子）

?

A

plant!（第一步：你將需要：?一件棉襯衫?兩個(gè)鍋?電線?安全眼鏡?剪刀?鉗子?植物!）以及第三段We

should

buy

a

pot

for

＄4，and

a

plant

for

＄5.（我們應(yīng)該花4美元買一個(gè)盆，花5美元買一株植物。）可知應(yīng)該為這個(gè)項(xiàng)目支付4+4+5=13美元。故選A。

（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段Step

6：Use

the

scissors

to

cut

a

strip

of

cloth

from

the

T-shirt.Make

sure

to

cut

enough

cloth

so

that

the

wick（燈芯）

closely

fits

the

diameter

of

the

hole

in

bottom

of

the

small

pot.Divide

the

top

part

of

the

wick

into

three

strips（第六步：用剪刀從t恤上剪下一塊布。確保剪下足夠的布，使燈芯與小壺底部的孔直徑緊密貼合。將燈芯的頂部分成三條。）可知這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的第六步是制作燈芯。故選D。

這篇短文主要介紹了一個(gè)自動(dòng)澆水的花盆項(xiàng)目。首先需要準(zhǔn)備一件棉質(zhì)襯衫、兩個(gè)花盆、電線、安全眼鏡、剪刀、鉗子和一株植物。然后按照步驟將電線制作成一個(gè)圓形的結(jié)構(gòu)，將小花盆放入大花盆中，并用電線固定。接下來，用剪刀從T恤上剪下一條布條，將其作為浸水帶放入小花盆底部的孔中。最后，將植物放入花盆中，倒入水即可享受自動(dòng)澆水的植物。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。

4~7.【答案】A、C、A、D【解析】（1）主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段Theevolutionofbutterfliescontinuesveryfast.Specieswithlargerwingspans（翼幅）haveexpandedtheirrangeinhigh-latitudepartsofNorthAmericaastheclimatehaswarmed，whilesmallerbutterfliesandthoseadaptedtocoldconditionshavetendedtodecline.（蝴蝶的進(jìn)化速度非常快。隨著氣候變暖，在北美高緯度地區(qū)，翼展較大的蝴蝶擴(kuò)大了它們的活動(dòng)范圍，而體型較小的蝴蝶和適應(yīng)寒冷環(huán)境的蝴蝶則趨于減少。）可知本文主要研究了氣候?qū)w徙的影響。故選A。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Specieswithlargerwingspans（翼幅）haveexpandedtheirrangeinhigh-latitudepartsofNorthAmericaastheclimatehaswarmed，whilesmallerbutterfliesandthoseadaptedtocoldconditionshavetendedtodecline.（隨著氣候變暖，在北美高緯度地區(qū)，翼展較大的蝴蝶擴(kuò)大了它們的活動(dòng)范圍，而體型較小的蝴蝶和適應(yīng)寒冷環(huán)境的蝴蝶則趨于減少。）可知?dú)鉁厣仙篌w型較小的蝴蝶數(shù)量減少。故選C。

（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段Itseemslogicaltoassumethat，ifspecieswithlargerwingspanshavethecapacitytobettertraveltonewsuitablehabitats，itgivesthosespeciesanadvantageinachangingclimate（如果翼展較大的物種有能力更好地前往新的棲息地，這似乎是合乎邏輯的假設(shè)，這使這些物種在不斷變化的氣候中具有優(yōu)勢(shì)。）可知?dú)鉁厣仙碚馆^大的物種能更好地遷徙到新的適宜棲息地。故選A。

（4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段a2022studyfoundthatBritishbutterfliesaresteadilygettingbiggerinresponsetorisingtemperatures.（2022年的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，英國蝴蝶正在穩(wěn)步變大，以應(yīng)對(duì)不斷上升的氣溫。）可知作者在最后一段強(qiáng)調(diào)了蝴蝶數(shù)量正在變大。故選D。

短文主要寫了蝴蝶的進(jìn)化速度很快。隨著氣候變暖，翅膀較大的蝴蝶物種在北美高緯度地區(qū)的分布范圍擴(kuò)大，而適應(yīng)寒冷條件的較小蝴蝶物種則趨于減少。研究人員利用計(jì)算模型分析了1970年至2019年間北美45度以北地區(qū)90種蝴蝶物種的存在情況。研究團(tuán)隊(duì)分析了過去50年中每月最低溫度的變化如何影響蝴蝶的分布范圍。平均而言，研究區(qū)域的每月最低溫度從1970年代到2010年代增加了0.86℃（1.5°F）。隨著溫度升高，翅膀較大的蝴蝶物種更有可能在研究區(qū)域的更大比例上分布。但對(duì)于較小的蝴蝶物種來說，溫度升高與其分布區(qū)域的數(shù)量較小有關(guān)。氣候變化與一些蝴蝶物種的減少有關(guān)，包括北美的帝王蝶。但一些蝴蝶物種似乎正在適應(yīng)：2022年的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，英國的蝴蝶在應(yīng)對(duì)氣溫上升時(shí)逐漸變大。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。

8~11.【答案】A、C、A、C【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的During

his

time

as

Consul

General，Ho

issued

thousands

of

visas

to

Jewish

refugees，allowing

them

to

escape

the

fate

of

concentration

camps（在擔(dān)任總領(lǐng)事期間，何向猶太難民發(fā)放了數(shù)千份簽證，使他們得以逃離去集中營的命運(yùn)），可知何鳳山在維也納期間向猶太難民發(fā)放了數(shù)千份簽證，故選A。

（2）段落大意題。根據(jù)第四段Lotte

Marcus，a

Jewish

refuge

whose

family

obtained

visas

from

the

Chinese

Consulate，told

her

storyby

video.Her

family

escaped

to

Shanghai

and

she

spent

more

than

seven

years

there

before

heading

to

the

US.

"14

people

of

our

family

who

did

not

leave，were

all

killed，"

said

Marcus，who

called

Ho

"the

bright

light

in

the

darkness

of

the

race

murder"（猶太人避難者LotteMarcus的家人從中國領(lǐng)事館獲得了簽證，她通過視頻講述了自己的故事。她的家人逃到了上海，她在那里呆了七年多，然后前往美國。Marcus說："我們家有14個(gè)人沒有離開，都被殺了。"他稱何為"種族謀殺黑暗中的明燈"），可知本段主要介紹了何鳳山救的一家人，故選C。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段的The

recognition

of

Ho

Feng

Shan

serves

as

a

reminder

of

the

importance

of

moral

courage

and

standing

up

for

what

is

right，even

in

the

face

of

danger（對(duì)何鳳山的認(rèn)可提醒我們，即使在危險(xiǎn)面前，也要有道德勇氣，堅(jiān)持正義），可知對(duì)何鳳山的認(rèn)可提醒我們要堅(jiān)持正義，故選A。

（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的It

is

through

the

recognition

of

these

individuals

that

we

can

continue

to

learn

from

the

past

and

seek

for

a

better

future（正是通過對(duì)這些人的認(rèn)可，我們才能繼續(xù)從過去吸取教訓(xùn)，尋求更美好的未來），可知我們從像何鳳山這樣的人身上學(xué)到的是吸取過去的教訓(xùn)以及為美好未來而奮斗的精神，故選C。

這是一篇記敘文。作者講述了中國駐維也納總領(lǐng)事何鳳山在納粹大屠殺期間的勇敢行動(dòng)，以及他的社會(huì)影響。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。

12~15.【答案】B、A、B、D【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段SundarPichai，theCEOofGoogle'sparentcompanyAlphabet，statedthattheyare"reimaginingallofourcoreproducts，includingsearch."

ThismoveisseenasaresponsetoMicrosoft'ssimilarfunctionalityonBing.（谷歌母公司Alphabet的首席執(zhí)行官桑達(dá)爾?皮查伊表示，他們正在"重新構(gòu)想包括搜索在內(nèi)的所有核心產(chǎn)品"。這一舉動(dòng)被認(rèn)為是對(duì)微軟Bing類似功能的回應(yīng)。）可知微軟使用大型語言模型是為了改進(jìn)它的搜索引擎——必應(yīng)。故選B。

（2）詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段TheuseoflargelanguagemodelsinAlhasbeengainingmomentuminrecentyears.（近年來，在人工智能中使用大型語言模型的勢(shì)頭越來越大。）可知，劃線詞momentum在這里指的是"發(fā)展"。A.Development（發(fā)展）；B.Worry（擔(dān)憂）；C.Challenge（挑戰(zhàn)）；D.Education（教育）。故選A。

（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Manyworryaboutthepossibilityforunfairinfluencesinalgorithms（算法）andtheimpactonjobsasautomationbecomesmorepopular.TherearealsofearsaboutthemisuseofAIinareassuchasmonitoringandconflict.（許多人擔(dān)心，隨著自動(dòng)化的普及，算法可能會(huì)受到不公平的影響，工作崗位也會(huì)受到影響。還有人擔(dān)心人工智能在監(jiān)控和沖突等領(lǐng)域被濫用。）可知人們對(duì)人工智能的倫理影響的第三個(gè)擔(dān)憂是人工智能在某些領(lǐng)域的濫用。故選B。

（4）態(tài)度觀點(diǎn)題。根據(jù)最后一段ForEnglishlearners，understandingthebasicsofAIanditspotentialimpactonsocietyisessentialknowledgeintoday'sworld.AsAIcontinuestoevolve，itislikelythatmoreandmoreaspectsofourliveswillbeaffectedbythistechnology.（對(duì)于英語學(xué)習(xí)者來說，了解人工智能的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)及其對(duì)社會(huì)的潛在影響是當(dāng)今世界的基本知識(shí)。隨著人工智能的不斷發(fā)展，我們生活的越來越多的方面可能會(huì)受到這項(xiàng)技術(shù)的影響。）可知，作者對(duì)人工智能在英語學(xué)習(xí)方面持支持態(tài)度。故選D。

這篇短文主要講述了人工智能的發(fā)展正在迅速進(jìn)行中，最近的兩個(gè)事件突顯了這一趨勢(shì)。谷歌宣布計(jì)劃使用機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)技術(shù)在其現(xiàn)有產(chǎn)