英國文學史及選讀-第二版-第一冊 課件 Chapter 31 Robert Burns

ContentPart

VI

The

18th

Century:

Enlightenment,

Neo-classicisand

Pre-romanticismChapter

21

John

DrydenChapter

22

Daniel

DefoeChapter

23

Jonathan

SwiftChapter

24

Joseph

Addison

and

Richard

SteeleChapter

25

Alexander

PopeContentPart

VI

The

18th

Century:

Enlightenment,

Neo-classicisand

Pre-romanticismChapter

26

Henry

FieldingChapter

27

Thomas

GrayChapter

28

Oliver

GoldsmithChapter

29

Richard

Brinsley

SheridanChapter

30

William

BlakeContentPart

VI

The

18th

Century:

Enlightenment,

Neo-classicisand

Pre-romanticismChapter

31

Robert

BurnsPart

1Chapter

31

Robert

BurnsLife

and

WorksBrief

CommentSelectionsNotesFor

Study

and

DiscussionChapter

31

Robert

BurnsLife

and

WorksRobert

Burns

(1759–1796)the

greatest

poet

of

Scotland,

and

the

national

hero

of

Scotlis

more

famous

than

Shakespeare

in

Scotlandwas

born

into

a

farmer’s

familyfrom

his

father

he

received

most

of

his

learning

and

love

forbookstook

up

responsibility

of

supporting

the

whole

family

when

hewas

only

twenty-fiveLife

and

WorksHe

was

mainly

self-taught,

though

the

literati

of

Edinburgh

later

hailed

hi1786

as

“a

Heaven-taught

plowman”

whose

poems

were

the

spontaneousoverflow

of

his

native

feelings.He

read

vastly

and

had

a

very

intimate

knowledge

of

Scottish

folk

songs

and

tworks

of

Scottish

poets

as

well

as

other

non-Scottish

poets.

He

alwayssucceeded

in

squeezing

out

time

for

reading.In

1786,

he

resolved

to

abandon

struggling

and

make

a

living

in

Jamaica.

Inorder

to

raise

money

for

his

voyage,

he,

with

the

help

of

some

friends,published

some.

This

volume

of

poetry

was

entitled

Poems,

Chiefly

in

theScottish

Dialect

(1786).

This

collection

took

Scotland

by

storm.Chapter

31

Robert

BurnsLife

and

WorksFrom

the

poems

it

contains,

one

can

see

that

the

whole

spirit

of

the

romantirevival

is

already

embodied.

Love,

humour,

pathos,

the

response

to

natureall

the

poetic

qualities

that

touch

the

human

heart

are

here,

and

the

hearttouched

as

it

had

not

been

since

the

days

of

Elizabeth.Some

poems

fully

express

the

human

emotion.

Besides

the

songs

of

natureand

of

human

emotion,

he

wrote

a

large

number

of

poems

for

which

nogeneral

title

can

be

given.Noteworthy

among

these

are

“A

Man’s

a

Man

for

a’

That”

which

voices

thenew

romantic

estimate

of

humanity,

“The

Vision”

which

displays

his

earlyideals,

“Epistle

to

a

Young

Friend”

which

shows

his

personal

views

ofreligion

and

honour,

“Address

to

the

Unco

Guid”

which

is

the

poet’s

pleamercy

inChapter

31

Robert

BurnsSome

Edinburgh

critics

praised

the

poems

very

highly

and

suggested

a

secondedition.The

new

volume

appeared

in

1787,

and

contained

but

few

poems

which

had

notbeen

published

the

previous

year.Life

and

Worksjudgment,

and

“A

Bard’s

Epitaph”

which,

as

a

summary

of

his

own

life,

migwell

be

written

at

the

end

of

his

poems.

“Halloween”

a

picture

of

rusticmerrymaking,

and

“The

Twa

Dogs”

a

contrast

between

the

rich

and

the

poor,are

generally

classed

among

the

poet’s

best

works.

Almost

all

kinds

of

peohigh

and

low,

literary

and

illiterate,

even

plowboys

and

maid

servants

bougthis

book

and

read

it

eagerly.Chapter

31

Robert

BurnsLife

and

WorksHe

married

Jean

Armour

in

1788,

who

inspired

him

to

write

some

of

his

finestpoetry.After

marriage,

he

took

his

wife

to

a

farm

which

he

leased

in

Dumfriesshire.The

first

part

of

this

new

period

was

the

happiest

in

his

life.The

farm

proved

unprofitable.

He

appealed

to

influential

persons

for

someposition

that

would

enable

him

to

support

his

family

and

write

poetry.

He

wamade

an

exciseman

at

a

salary

of

￡50

a

year,

and

he

followed

that

occupationfor

the

few

remaining

years

of

his

life.His

great

poetic

genius

was

cut

short

by

his

long

illness.

He

died

miserably1796,

when

he

was

only

thirty-seven

years

old.

He

was

buried

in

Dumfriesshirmourned

by

all

honest

people

of

his

country.Chapter

31

Robert

Burnspatriotism

(e.g.

“Scots,

Wha

Hae”),

expressed

his

love

(e.g.

“A

Red,

RedRose”),

found

beauty

and

pleasure

in

nature.In

his

poems

he

glorified

a

natural

man—a

healthy,

joyous

and

cleverScottish

peasant.

He

sang

of

the

honest

poor,

contrasting

them

to

cruel

squigreedy

merchants,

bigots

and

hypocrites.Burns

was

hailed

as

the

national

poet

of

Scotland.

Most

of

his

poems

werewritten

in

Scottish

dialect.

He

was

Scottish

to

the

core.

And,

he

was

belovethe

Scottish

people

because

it’s

he

who

exalted

and

gave

new

dignity

to

thesimple

aspects

of

their

lives.Brief

CommentIn

his

poems,

Burns

propagated

the

progressive

ideas

of

the

FrenchRevolution,

the

ideas

of

democracy

and

freedom,

sang

praise

of

the

ScottishChapter

31

Robert

BurnsBrief

CommentLu

Xun

praised

him

as

“a

poet

of

the

labouring

people”.

He

was

indeed

thrightly

and

properly

calledbecause

he

came

from

the

people,

wrote

about

thepeople

and

for

the

people,

and

was

forever

loved

by

the

people.

In

fact,

whendied,

the

whole

countryunited

to

honour

him

and

to

contribute

to

the

supporhis

poverty-stricken

family.Chapter

31

Robert

BurnsSelectionsMy

Heart’s

in

the

HighlandsMy

heart’s

in

the

Highlands1,

my

heart

is

not

here;My

heart’s

in

the

Highlands,

a-chasing2

the

deer;Chasing

the

wild

deer,

and

following

the

roe—My

heart’s

in

the

Highlands

wherever

I

go.Farewell

to

the

Highlands,

farewell

to

the

North!The

birthplace

of

valour,

the

country

of

worth;Wherever

I

wander,

wherever

I

rove.The

hills

of

the

Highlands

for

ever

I

love.5Chapter

31

Robert

BurnsSelectionsFarewell

to

the

mountains

high

covered

with

snow!Farewell

to

the

straths3

and

green

valleys

below!Farewell

to

the

forests

and

wild-hanging

woods4!Farewell

to

the

torrents

and

loud-pouring

floods!My

heart’s

in

the

Highlands,

my

heart

is

not

here;My

heart’s

in

the

Highlands,

a-chasing

the

deer;Chasing

the

wild

deer,

and

following

the

roe—My

heart’s

in

the

Highlands

wherever

I

go.1015Chapter

31

Robert

BurnsNotesHighlands:

the

mountainous

northern

part

of

Scotlanda-chasing:

chasinga-:

a

kind

of

prefix

used

before

verbalsstrath:

(Scotch)

a

flat,

wide

river

valley3.

wild-hanging

woods:

woods

covering

steep

mountain

slopes

or

reaching

thedge

of

precipicesChapter

31

Robert

BurnsFor

Study

and

Discussion

This

is

a

poem

in

which

the

patriotic

feeling

of

the

poet

is

fully

expresList

the

qualities

the

poet

gives

to

his

hometown.

Find

some

Chinese

poems

or

songs

that

sing

high

praise

of

one’s

hometowand

compare

them

with

this

poem.Learn

the

first

stanza

by

heart.Chapter

31

Robert

BurnsSelectionsJohn

Anderson,

My

Jo1John

Anderson,

my

jo,

John,When

we

were

first

acquent2,Your

locks

were

like

the

raven,3Your

bonnie4

brow

was

brent5;But

now

your

brow

is

beld6,

John,Your

locks

are

like

the

snowBut

blessings

on

your

frosty7

pow8,John

Anderson

my

jo!5Chapter

31

Robert

BurnsSelectionsJohn

Anderson,

my

jo,

John,We

clamb9

the

hill

thegither10,And

mony11

a

canty12

day

John,We’ve

had

wi’13

ane

anither14;Now

we

maun15

totter16

down,

John,But

hand

in

hand

we’ll

go,And

sleep

thegither

at

the

foot,John

Anderson

my

jo!1015Chapter

31

Robert

BurnsNotesjo:

(Scotch)

sweetheart,

darlingacquent:

(Scotch)

acquaintedYour

locks

were

like

the

raven:

Your

hair

was

black.bonnie:

(Scotch)

handsome,

beautifulbrent:

(Scotch)

high

and

smoothbeld:

(Scotch)

baldfrosty:

frost-likepow:

(Scotch)

headChapter

31

Robert

BurnsNotes9.

clamb:

(Scotch)

climbed9.

thegither:

(Scotch)

together9.

mony:

(Scotch)

many9.

canty:

(Scotch)

cheerful,

delightful,

spirited9.

wi’:

with9.

ane

anither:

(Scotch)

one

another9.

maun:

(Scotch)

must9.

totter:

walk

unsteadilyChapter

31

Robert

BurnsFor

Study

and

Discussion1.

This

poem

is

a

love

lyric

written

to

one

who

is

old.

The

feeling

is

so

deeIn

what

way

is

it

attractive?

Have

you

ever

read

such

lyrics

for

old

peopllove?2.

This

poem

shows

the

sincere

contentment

and

fulfillment

of

a

love.

Thespeaker

has

a

fond

memory

of

the

past.

What

images

does

the

poet

use

todescribe

their

journey

of

love?

Which

image

strikes

you

most?

Why?Chapter

31

Robert

BurnsSelectionsA

Red,

Red

Rose1O2

my

Luve’s3

like

a

red,

red

rose,That’s

newly

sprung

in

June;O

my

Luve’s

like

the

melodieThat’s

sweetly

played

in

tune.As

fair

art

thou,

my

bonie

lass4,So

deep

in

luve

am

I;And

I

will

luve

thee

still5,

my

Dear,Till

a’

the

seas6

gang

dry7.5Chapter

31

Robert

BurnsSelectionsTill

a’

the

seas

gang

dry,

my

Dear,And

the

rocks

melt

wi’

the

sun:O

I

will

luve

thee

still,

my

Dear,While

the

sands

o’

life

shall

run.810And

fare

thee

weel9,

my

only

Luve!And

fare

thee

weel,

a

while10!And

I

will

come

again,

my

Luve,Tho’

it

were

ten

thousand

mile!15Chapter

31

Robert

BurnsNotes

This

lyric

is

in

the

metrical

form

of

the

balladstanza.

The

rhyme

fallssecond

and

fourth

lines

of

each

stanza.

The

first

and

third

lines

have

fofeet

while

the

second

and

the

fourth

have

three

feet.O:

Oh!Luve:

(Scotch)

lovebonie

lass:

pretty

girlstill:

always,

forevera’

the

seas:

all

the

seasgang

dry:

(Scotch)

go

dryChapter

31

Robert

BurnsNotes8.

While

the

sands

o’

life

shall

run:

As

long

as

I

live.

“Sands”

refers

tsand-glass

for

measuring

the

passage

of

time.8.

fare

thee

weel:

farewell

to

you8.

a

while:

for

a

short

period

of

timeChapter

31

Robert

BurnsFor

Study

and

Discussion

How

does

the

speaker

describe

his

love?

To

what

is

she

compared?

Howabout

her

voice?

How

do

you

understand

the

images

of

the

sea

and

the

rock?

Can

you

findsome

other

poems

using

such

comparisons?Learn

this

poem

by

heart.Chapter

31

Robert

BurnsSelectionsAuld

Lang

Syne1Should

auld2

acquaintance

be

forgotAnd

never

brought

to

mind?Should

auld

acquaintance

be

forgot,And

auld

lang

syne!ChorusFor

auld

lang

syne,

my

jo,For

auld

lang

syne,5Chapter

31

Robert

BurnsSelectionsWe’ll

tak3

a

cup

o’

kindness4

yetFor

auld

lang

syne.And

surely

ye’ll

be

your5

pint

stowp6!And

surely

I’ll

be

mine!And

we’ll

tak

a

cup

o’

kindness

yet,For

auld

lang

syne.Chorus10We

twa

hae7

run

about

the

braes8And

pou’d9

the

gowans10

fine;Chapter

31

Robert

BurnsSelectionsBut

we’ve

wander’d

many

a

weary

fitt,Sin

auld

lang

syne.Chorus15We

twa

hae

paidl’d11

in

the

burn12Frae

morning

sun

till

dine13;But

seas

between

us

braid14

hae

roar’d,Sin

auld

lang

syne.Chorus20And

there’s

a

hand,

my

trusty

fiere15!Chapter

31

Robert

BurnsSelectionsAnd

gie’s16

a

hand

o’

thine17!And

we’ll

tak

a

right

gude-willie-waught18,For

auld

lang

syne.ChorusChapter

31

Robert

BurnsNotes

The

title,

translated

literally

into

standard

English

is

Old

Long

Sincewords

can

be

interpreted

as

since

long

ago

or

for

old

times’

sake.

It

istraditional

folk

song

and

well

known

in

many

English-speaking

countriesTraditionally,

the

song

is

sung

at

the

stroke

of

midnight

on

New

Year’sto

bid

adieu

to

the

old

year.

Moreover,

people

also

sing

this

song

at

funegraduations,

and

as

a

farewell

or

ending

to

other

occasions.

In

this

poethe

poet

upholds

the

value

of

friendship

and

brotherhood.

The

song

is

notabout

forgetting

the

past

and

welcoming

the

new.

It’s

more

about

valuinthe

old

acquaintances

and

the

memories

associated

with

them.auld:

oldChapter

31

Robert

BurnsNotes3.

tak:

take3.

cup

o’

kindness:

cup

of

friendship

wine3.

ye’ll

be

your:

you’ll

drink3.

pint

stowp:

pint

cupThis

line

means

you

should

surely

drink

as

much

as

possible

and

to

yourcontent.3.

twa

hae:

two

have3.

braes:

slopes3.

pou’d:

pulledChapter

31

Robert

BurnsNotes10.

gowans:

daisies10.

paidl’d:

paddled,

waded10.

in

the

burn:

in

the

rivulet

(stream)10.

dine:

dinner,

noon10.

braid:

broad10.

fiere:

friend,

fellow10.

gie’s:

give

us10.

o’

thine:

of

yoursChapter

31

Robert

BurnsNotes18.

gude-willie-waught:

a

cup

of

kindnessgude-willie:

good

will,

friendlywaught:

a

deep

draughtChapter

31

Robert

BurnsFor

Study

and

Discussion1.

What

is

the

theme

of

this

poem?

In

what

ways

does

the

poet

stress

theimportance

of

friendship?2.

This

poem

is

also

a

popular

song

world-wide,

often

sung

as

a

farewell

sonDo

you

know

some

other

farewell

songs,

either

Chinese

or

foreign?3.

Learn

the

first

stanza

and

chorus

by

heart.Chapter

31

Robert

BurnsSelectionsMary

MorisonO

Mary,

at

thy

window

be,It

is

the

wish’d,

the

trysted

hour1!Those

smiles

and

glances

let

me

see,That

makes

the

miser’s

treasure

poor:How

blythely

wad

I

bide

the

stoure2,A

weary

slave

frae

sun

to

sun3,Could

I

the

rich

reward

secure,The

lovely

Mary

Morison.5Chapter

31

Robert

BurnsSelectionsYestreen4

when

to

the

trembling

stringThe

dance

gaed5

thro’6

the

lighted

ha’7To

thee

my

fancy

took

its

wing,I

sat,

but

neither

heard

nor

saw:Tho’8

this

was

fair,

and

that

was

braw9,And

yon10

the

toast

of

a’

the

town11,I

sigh’d,

and

said

amang12

them

a’,“Ye

are

na13

Mary

Morison.”1015O

Mary,

canst

thou

wreck

his

peace14,Wha15

for

thy

sake

wad

gladly

die?Chapter

31

Robert

BurnsSelectionsOr

canst

thou

break

that

heart

of

his,Whase

only

faut

is

loving

thee?16If

love

for

love

thou

wilt

na

gie17At

least

be

pity

to

me

shown:A

thought

ungentle18

canna19

beThe

thought

o’

Mary

Morison.20Chapter

31

Robert

BurnsNotesthe

trysted

hour:

the

time

of

dating

wad

I

bide

the

stoure:

would

I

like

to

bear

all

hardshipswad:

wouldstoure:

dustfrae

sun

to

sun:

from

day

to

dayYestreen:

yesterday

eveninggaed:

wentthro’:

throughha’:

hallChapter

31

Robert

BurnsNotes8.

Tho’:

though8.

braw:

beautifully

and

merrily

dressed8.

yon:

yonder8.

the

toast

of

a’

the

town:

a

beauty

that

overpowers

all

people

in

the

tow8.

amang:

among8.

na:

not8.

his

peace:

a

man’s

peace8.

Wha:

whoChapter

31

Robert

BurnsNotes16.

Whase

only

faut

is

loving

thee:

His

only

fault

is

loving

you.Whase:

whosefaut:

fault16.

thou

wilt

na

gie:

you

will

not

give16.

ungentle:

unkind16.

canna:

cannotChapter

31

Robert

BurnsFor

Study

and

DiscussionList

the

ways

how

the

poet

expresses

his

love

for

Mary.

The

poet

makes

a

comparison

between

Mary

and

other

beautiful

girls

orwomen

of

the

town,

even

the

beauty

that

overpowers

the

town,

while

she

isnever

directly

described.

Can

you

compare

this

poem

with

other

similarpoems

using

such

techniques,

either

Chinese

or

foreign?Chapter

31

Robert

BurnsSelectionsScots,

Wha

Hae1Scots,

wha

hae

wi’2

Wallace3

bled,Scots,

wham4

Bruce5

has

aften

led,Welcome

to

your

gory

bed6,—Or

to

victorie.—Now’s

the

day,

and

now’s

the

hour;5See

the

front

o’

battle

lour7;See

approach

proud

Edward’s

power8,Chains

and

Slaverie.—Chapter

31

Robert

BurnsSelectionsWha

will

be

a

traitor-knave?Wha

can

fill

a

coward’s

grave?10Wha

sae

base

as

be

a

Slave?9—Let

him

turn

and

flie:—Wha

for

Scotland’s

king

and

law,Freedom’s

sword

will

strongly

draw,Free-man

stand,

or

Free-man

fa’,10Let

him

follow

me.—15By11

Oppression’s

woes

and

pains!Chapter

31

Robert

BurnsSelectionsBy

your

Sons

in

servile

chains!We

will

drain

our

dearest

veins,But

they

shall

be

free!20Lay

the

proud

Usurpers

low!12Tyrants

fall

in

every

foe!Liberty’s

in

every

blow!Let

us

Do—or

Die!!!Chapter

31

Robert

BurnsNotes

The

title

means

“Scots,

Who

Have”

in

English.

It’s

a

song

written

in

1and