who -Case study - Regulating lead in paint in Morocco-此為英文文檔

Context

RegulatingleadinpaintinMorocco

Morocco

Thiscasestudypresentstheprocessofestablishingthelegalbasistoprotecthumanhealthfromtheriskcausedbyleadinpaint.

Withtheaimtoreduceoreliminatethehealthriskfromleadinpainttohumans,especiallytoyoungchildren,theMinistryofHealthofMoroccosetaboutregulatingtheleadcontentinpaintbyadoptingastandardof90parts-per-million(ppm),basedonthelevelrecommendedbytheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)andthe

UnitedNationsEnvironment

Programme(UNEP).

InMorocco,asisthecaseelsewhereintheworld,leadpaintisoneofthemostcommonsourcesofexposuretolead,particularlyinyoungchildren.Until2020,therewerenorestrictionsonleadcontentofpaintinthecountry.Thatconstitutedaserioushealthrisk.Thus,theMoroccanMinistryofHealth,inspiredbytheactionareasoftheWHOChemicalsRoadMap–specifically,“institutionalcapacity”–hasscoredrecentsuccessinregulatingthelimitoftotalleadinpaint.

Approach

Underthenationalregulatoryframework,theleadcontentofpaintcanberegulatedviatheimplementingprovisionsofapre-existingstatute(decisionordecree),orthroughastandard.

ConsideringthatMoroccodoesnotyethaveaframeworklawonchemicals,andbeingawareoftheneedtoactquicklytolimitthistypeofexposure,theMinistryofHealthchosetoadoptastandard(which,likeallnewnationalstandards,isvoluntarilyenforceable),andsubsequentlytomakeitmandatory.

Todothis,theMinistryofHealthinitiatedthedevelopmentofstandardNM03.3.318/2020throughtheNationalStandardizationCommitteeinwhichtherelevantministerialdepartmentsandtheprivatesectorarerepresented.Thisstandardwasofficiallyadoptedin2020.Followingadoption,theMinistryofHealthorganizedaconferenceontheoccasionoftheInternationalWeekforthePreventionofLeadPoisoningin2020toraiseawarenesswithintheprivatesectorandamongtherelevantministerialdepartmentsoftheharmfuleffectsoflead-basedpaintsandtheneedtomakethestandardcompulsory.

Capitalizingonthesuccessofthisinitiative,theMinistryofHealthofficiallyapproachedtheministryresponsibleforindustry,whichhasthepowertomakethestandardmandatory.

Casestudy:RegulatingLeadPaintinMorocco

ISBNS

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Casestudy:regulatingleadinpaintinMorocco

ISBN978-92-4-003852-3(electronicversion)ISBN978-92-4-003853-0(printversion)

Results

ThedecreetomakenationalstandardNM03.3.318/2020mandatoryhasbeensignedanditispublishedinthe

officialbulletin

.

Thestandardlimitsallleadcompoundsthatmaybefoundinpaint;thelegallybindinglimitonleadinpaintis90ppm,whichappliestoalltypesofpaint.

Consequently,thetotalleadcontentofpaintproduced,importedandmarketedinMoroccomaynolongerexceed90ppm.TofacilitatethetechnicalapplicationofstandardNM03.3.318/2020,otherstandardsexist,suchasstandardsNMISO15528,NMISO1513andNM03.3.022forsamplingandsamplepreparation.

Theregulationwillundoubtedlyhelptopreventhumanexposuretoleadintheformofleadpaint–especiallyamongchildren.

TheadoptionofthisstandardisasuccessfulexampleoftheleadershipdemonstratedbytheMinistryofHealthinthefieldofhealthprotection,andoftheexcellentcollaborationbetweentheministriesinvolved.Theprivatesectorhasalsodemonstrateditsresponsivenessandcommitmenttoaddressinghealthriskswhenthescientificevidencehasbeenclearlypresented.

LessonsLearned

Thehealthrisksassociatedwithchemicalscanbeobvioustohealth-careprofessionals;however,itisnecessarytodevelopsolidadvocacytopersuadeotherstakeholdersaboutthisissue,especiallytheinstitutionsresponsibleformanagingthesekindsofrisks.

Itisalsoimportanttohaveagoodunderstandingofthenationalregulatoryframework,soastoselectthemostefficientwaytoregulatetheuseofhazardouschemicals.

FortheMoroccanMinistryofHealth,thelackofaframeworklawonchemicalswasabigobstacletoregulatingleadpaint.However,effectiveadvocacytotheprivatesectorandtherelevantministerialdepartmentshelpedtoovercomethishurdle.

TosucceedinadoptingregulationonleadpaintinMorocco,theMinistryofHealthtookintoaccountthefouractionareasrecommendedintheWHOroadmaponchemicals.

Thehealthsectorcanmakeaneffectivecontributiontosafemanagementofchemicalsonlyifit:

(1)developsitsawareness-raisingcapacitiestoreducerisks;

(2)accumulatesscientificevidencebasedonriskassessmentandfactualdata;

(3)thoroughlyunderstandstheregulatoryframeworkinordertoinfluencenationallegislation;and

(4)demonstratesleadershipformainstream“Healthinallpolicies”(HiAP)relatingtochemicals.

ThecasestudywasauthoredbyRachidWahabi