南京航空航天大學外國語學院《246英語》歷年考研真題及詳解

2011年南京航空航天大學外國語學院246英語考研真題及詳解Ⅰ.VocabularyandStructure(20points)Directions:Thereare20incompletesentencesinthispart.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA.,B.,C.andD.ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenwritedownyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.1.Thequestionis_____meandIhavenoideaofit.A.beyondB.overC.besideD.above【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：我不懂這個題，一點兒也不理解。beyondsb.意為“為某人所不能理解，超出某人的能力范圍”。2.Theoutputofourcompanythismonthis_____thatoflastmonth.A.twiceasmuchasB.twiceasmuchC.twicemanyasD.twiceasmanyas【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：本月公司的產量是上月的兩倍。比較級形式之一是：倍數(shù)+as+形容詞或副詞+as。又因主語output是不可數(shù)名詞，所以用much，而不用many。3.HardlyhadIgothome_____thetelephonerang.A.thenB.whenC.asD.than【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：我剛一到家，電話就響了。hardly...when...剛一……就……。4.Bythetimeyougetback,I_____allthework.A.wouldfinishB.willhavefinishedC.hasfinishedD.hadfinished【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：你回來時，我就完成所有的工作了。bythetime到……時，表將來。強調將來某個時間已完成，所以用將來完成時willhavedone形式。5.It’srequiredthatthestudents_____thetermpapertomorrow.A.finishedB.finishC.willfinishD.mayfinish【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：所有學生被要求明天必須完成學期論文。表達“命令、要求、建議”等意義的主語從句需用虛擬語氣，形式為should+動詞原形，should可省略。所以本題填(should)finish。6.Allstudentsareeagertoknow_____theywillpasstheexamornot.A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.why【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：所有學生都想知道他們能不能通過考試。whether...or...是否。7.Whenthecouple_____here,they_____tothepark.A.willcome;willgoB.come;goC.willcome;goD.come;willgo【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：每當這對夫妻來到這兒時，他們都會去公園。當主句是將來時態(tài)或表示將來意義時，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時代替將來時。8.—IcannotfindTomanywhere.—He_____havebeenofflong.Iheardhimmakeacalljustnow.A.shouldn’tB.can’tC.mustn’tD.needn’t【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：我剛才還聽見他打電話了，因此他一定沒走多遠。can’thavedone不可能做了某事。shouldn’thavedone表示本不應該做某事（實際卻做了）。mustn’thavedone表示禁止做某事。needn’thavedone指的是本來沒必要做某事（實際上卻做了）。9.Nomatterwhoheis,youngorold,people’sstateofmindtendstokeep_____withtherapidchangeofsociety.A.contactB.progressC.touchD.pace【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：無論誰，無論年輕還是年老，心態(tài)都會隨著社會的快速變化而改變。keeppacewith與……并駕齊驅，與……同步。10.Totellyouthetruth,it’sveryhardforustohelpthemgetridofInternetaddiction.Butwe_____onthisproblemtryingtoimprovethesituation.A.workedB.hadworkedC.areworkingD.hadbeenworking【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：說實話，幫助他們戒除網癮很困難，但是我們正在盡力改善這種情況。根據(jù)語境意義，我們可知這個動作正在進行中，因此用現(xiàn)在進行時。11.WhenMr.Greenretired,hisson_____thebusinessfromhim.A.tookoffB.tookoverC.tookdownD.tookafter【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：格林先生退休后，他的兒子會繼承他的事業(yè)。takeover接管，接手。takeoff起飛。takedown寫下，記錄。takeafter與……長得像。12.Thepopulationbombisa_____thathasalreadyhappenedinsomepartsoftheworld,withterribleresults.A.distressB.miracleC.disasterD.giant【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：人口爆炸性增長已經在世界上一些地區(qū)發(fā)生了，是場災難，已經造成了嚴重后果。由terribleresults可知前面應填表示否定意義的詞。miracle奇跡。B項排除。giant巨人，不符合句意，D項也排除。distress貧困；悲傷。A項雖表示否定意義，但也不符合句意。13.Hewas_____tobecleverbutdishonest.A.thoughtasB.thinkingC.thoughtD.tothink【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：他被認為很聰明但是不誠實。think是及物動詞，與he是被動關系，所以用過去分詞形式。tobeclever作主語he的補足語。think一般不與as連用。表示“將……視作……”時，一般用consider/regard...as。14.Afterthesynthetic_____,engineershadabetterchoiceformaterialsforconstruction.A.hadbeendevelopedB.haddevelopedC.tobedevelopedD.beingdeveloped【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：這一合成物發(fā)明以后，工程師在建筑材料上有了更好的選擇。after表明從句中的動作發(fā)生在主句動作之前，而主句中had表明主句動作已發(fā)生，所以從句中的動作是“過去的過去”，所以用過去完成時haddone形式。而且合成物是被發(fā)明，用被動語態(tài)。15.Hisparentsdiedwhenhewasyoung,sohe_____byhisgrandma.A.wasbredB.wasfedC.wasbroughtupD.wasgrownup【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：他年輕時父母就去世了，所以他是由他姨母撫養(yǎng)長大的。bringup撫養(yǎng)。breed指飼養(yǎng)，培育（動植物）。feed指喂食。growup長大，是及物的，沒有被動語態(tài)。16.Idowishyoucould_____thesesheetsofpapertogether.A.mendB.repairC.pasteD.patch【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：我希望你能將這些紙張粘在一起。paste粘貼。mend修理。repair修理。patch縫補。17.Gradingoforaltestsisquite_____.A.objectiveB.subjectiveC.optimisticD.pessimistic【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：口語考試的打分是相當主觀的。subjective主觀的。objective客觀的。optimistic積極的，樂觀的。pessimistic消極的，悲觀的。18.Itiseasiertoaimata_____thanatamovingtarget.A.stationaryB.stationeryC.stableD.reliable【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：瞄準靜止的物體比移動的物體更容易。stationary靜止的，不動的，與moving相對比。stationery文具。stable穩(wěn)定的。reliable可靠的。19.Sheisnowin_____ofhappinesswithherfamilymembers.A.closureB.pursuitC.credibilityD.phenomenon【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：她們一家人在追求幸福生活。inpursuitof固定搭配，表示追求……。20.InBritain,thePrinceofWalesis_____tothethrone.A.advisorB.heirC.ownerD.protector【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：威爾士王子是英國王位的繼承人。heir繼承人。advisor顧問。owner物主，所有人。protector保護人。Ⅱ.Cloze(20points)Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B，CandD.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenwritedownyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.Agreatdealofattentionisbeingpaidtodaytotheso-calleddigitaldivide—thedivisionoftheworldintotheinfo(information)richandtheinfopoor.Andthat(21)_____doesexisttoday.MywifeandIlecturedaboutthisloomingdangertwentyyearsago.Whatwasless(22)_____then,however,werethenew,positive(23)_____thatworkagainstthedigitaldivide(24)_____,therearereasonstobe(25)_____.Therearetechnologicalreasonstohopethedigitaldividewillnarrow.AstheInternetbecomesmoreandmore(26)_____,itisintheinterestofbusinesstouniversalizeaccess-afterall,themorepeopleonline,themorepotential(27)_____thereare.Moreandmore(28)_____,afraidtheircountrieswillbeleft(29)_____,wanttospreadInternetaccess.Withinthenextdecadeortwo,onetotwobillionpeopleontheplanetwillbe(30)_____together.Asaresult,Inowbelievethedigitaldividewill(31)_____ratherthanwidenintheyearsahead.AndthatisverygoodnewsbecausetheInternetmaywellbethemostpowerfultoolfor(32)_____worldpovertythatwe’veeverhad.Ofcourse,theuseoftheInternetisn’ttheonlywayto(33)_____poverty.AndtheInternetisnottheonlytoolwehave.Butithas(34)_____potential.To(35)_____advantageofthistool,somepoorcountrieswillhavetogetovertheiroutdatedanti-colonialprejudices(36)_____respecttoforeigninvestment.Countriesthatstillthinkforeigninvestmentisa/an(37)_____oftheirsovereigntymightwellstudythehistoryof(38)_____(thebasicstructuralfoundationsofasociety)intheUnitedStates.WhentheUnitedStatesbuiltitsindustrialinfrastructure,itdidn’thavethecapitaltodoso.Andthatis(39)_____America’sSecondWaveinfrastructure(40)_____roads,harbors,highways,portsandsoon—werebuiltwithforeigninvestment.21.A.divideB.informationC.worldD.lecture22.A.obscureB.visibleC.invisibleD.indistinct23.A.forcesB.obstaclesC.eventsD.surprises24.A.SeriouslyB.EntirelyC.ActuallyD.Continuously25.A.negativeB.optimisticC.pleasantD.disappointed26.A.developedB.centralizedC.realizedD.commercialized27.A.usersB.producersC.customersD.citizens28.A.enterprisesB.governmentsC.officialsD.customers29.A.awayB.forC.asideD.behind30.A.nettedB.workedC.putD.organized31.A.decreaseB.narrowC.neglectD.low32.A.containingB.preventingC.keepingD.combating33.A.winB.detailC.defeatD.fear34.A.enormousB.countlessC.numericalD.big35.A.bringB.keepC.holdD.take36.A.atB.withC.ofD.for37.A.offenceB.investmentC.invasionD.insult38.A.constructionB.facilityC.infrastructureD.institution39.A.whyB.whereC.whenD.how40.A.concerningB.concludingC.accordingD.including【答案與解析】21.A 由文中第一行的digitaldivide得出答案。22.B obscure模糊的，不清楚的。visible看得見的，明顯的。invisible看不見的。indistinct不清楚的，模糊的。空格前的less已有否定意義。23.A force力量，武力。obstacle障礙。event事件。surprise驚奇，詫異。句意：現(xiàn)在有新的、樂觀的力量來對抗數(shù)字鴻溝。24.C seriously認真地。entirely完全的。actually實際上。continuously連續(xù)地。25.B 前文說有積極的力量在對抗數(shù)字鴻溝的不利因素，因此，實際上我們有理由保持樂觀的態(tài)度。26.D develop發(fā)展。centralize集中。realize認識到。commercialize使商業(yè)化，由下文“網絡有利于商業(yè)途徑的普及”，可知此處表述的意思是網絡越來越商業(yè)化。intheinterestof...為了……的利益。27.C user使用者。producer生產者。customer消費者。citizen公民。句意：越多的人上網就有越多的潛在消費者。28.B enterprise企業(yè)，事業(yè)。government政府。official官員。句意：越來越多的政府害怕他們的國家……。29.D leavebehind留下，超過。30.A 網絡把人們聯(lián)系在一起，選netted。31.B decrease減少。narrow變窄。neglect忽視，疏忽。low降低。句意：因此，我現(xiàn)在認為數(shù)字鴻溝是在變窄而不是在拓寬。32.D contain包含，容納。prevent防止，阻止。keep保留，保持。combat戰(zhàn)斗，搏斗。33.C win贏得。detail詳述，細說。defeat擊敗，戰(zhàn)勝。fear畏懼。34.A enormous巨大的。countless無數(shù)的。numerical數(shù)字的。potential作名詞為不可數(shù)，不能用countless修飾，big一般表示尺寸、數(shù)字、范圍上的大。35.D takeadvantageof利用。36.B withrespectto關于，至于with也可換成in。37.C offence冒犯。investment投資。invasion入侵。insult侮辱。38.C construction建筑。facility設備。infrastructure基礎設施。institution公共機構，制度。從后文中出現(xiàn)的infrastructure可以輕易得到答案。39.A 表語從句，表示原因，“這也就是為什么……”。40.D concerning關于。concluding結束的。according根據(jù)。including包括?；A設施包括街道、海港、高速公路等，所以用include。Ⅲ.ReadingComprehension(30points)Directions:Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandwritedownyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.Passage1PlanetEarthwasstrickenbyfloods,droughtandfirein1997,ayearwhichendedwiththeworld’smajorpollutersquarrelingaboutwaystopreventfurtherenvironmentdisaster.The160nationsattendingaUNconferenceonglobalwarmingbilledasoneofthemostvitaleverheld，finallyreachedaconsensusoncuttinggreenhousegasemissionsthroughthenextdecade.TheclimatewasdominatedinthelatterpartoftheyearbyElNino,aswellingofwarmerwaterofftheSouthAmericancoastwhichaffectsglobalweatherpatterns.“IthinkforsurethemostdramaticthinghasbeentheElNinophenomenonthathasbeenexperiencedthroughoutthetropics,”saidHefreySayer,director-generaloftheInternationalCentreforForestryResearch.ElNinoisbeingblamedforwidespreadfloodsanddroughtinthetropics,andhasaffectedotherareasaswell.ElNinocalledbyPeruvianfishermanaftertheChristChildbecauseofitsappearancearoundChristmas,isbeingblamedforwidespreadfloodsanddroughtinthetropics,andhasaffectedotherareasaswell.Amajordemonstrationofthephenomenonwasdrought-intensifiedbushfiresinIndonesiathatspreadsmogacrosslargeareasofSouthernAsiabeforebadly-delayedrainsstartedtofallinlateNovember.FloodssweptaridSomaliainEastAfrica,whiletherainforestsofIndonesia’sIrianJayadriedoutandhundredsoftribes’peoplediedfromstarvationanddisease.ApartfromElNino,easternandcentralEuropesufferedtheworstfloodsinlivingmemoryinearlyJuly,withover100peoplekilledandmanythousandsoffamiliesdisplacedthroughtheregionandeasternGermany.IntheancientJapanesecapitalofKyoto,aUNgatheringof159countriesonglobalwarmingfinallyagreedoncuttinggreenhousegasemissionsthroughthenextdecadeafter11daysofconfusedanduncontrollednegotiations.TheconferenceacceptedscientificevidencethatheatingoftheEarth’ssurfacebygasestrappedintheatmospherecausesmoreandfiercerstorms,expandingdeserts,meltingpolariceandraisingsealevelswhichthreatentofloodlow-lyingislands.USVicePresidentAlGorecalledtheKyotoagreement“avitalturningpoint”,butaddedthatmorestillneededtobedone.41.Thispassagemainlytalksabout_____.A.globalweatherpatternsB.environmentaldisastersonearthC.theElNinophenomenonD.agatheringonglobalwarming42.Theword“polluters”(Par.1)referstothose_____whichhavepollutedtheenvironment.A.planetsB.countriesC.companiesD.people43.InJuly,1997,manyfamiliesineasternandcentralEuropeweredisplacedbecause_____.A.therewasawarinthatregionB.rainswerebadlydelayedthereC.theysufferedtheworstbushfiresinlivingmemoryD.theysufferedtheworstfloodsinlivingmemory44.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedastheElNinophenomenon?A.Flood.B.Desert.C.Fire.D.Earthquake.45.Accordingtothispassage,ElNinoismainlycausedby_____.A.thecuttingdownoftreesB.thegasemissionsC.themeltingofpolariceD.theswellingofwarmerwater【答案與解析】41.D 文章最后兩段和第一、二段相呼應，講的都是聯(lián)合國針對氣候變暖召開的會議，而厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象以及引起的災害是會議召開的原因。所以主要內容還是這次會議。42.B 第二段段首“The160nationsattendingaUNconferenceonglobalwarming”指出160個國家參加聯(lián)合國氣候變化會議，所以第一段中談到的爭論如何防止環(huán)境災害的主體是世界上最主要的幾個造成環(huán)境污染的國家。所以polluter指的是國家。43.D 倒數(shù)第三段最后一句“ApartfromElNino,easternandcentralEuropesufferedtheworstfloodsinlivingmemoryinearlyJuly,withover100peoplekilledandmanythousandsoffamiliesdisplacedthroughtheregionandeasternGermany.”指出，中歐、東歐國家在1997年7月初遭遇了記憶中最嚴重的洪災，導致了上千家庭流離失所。44.D 文中只提到了厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象引發(fā)的洪災、旱災和森林火災，故A、C項正確。B項desert在倒數(shù)第二段最后一句中提到了。全文并沒有提到地震。45.B A項在文中根本沒有提及，C、D兩項與厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象一樣，是溫室氣體排放造成的結果。因此，B項為正確答案。Passage2Treesareusefultomaninthreeveryimportantways:theyprovidehimwithwoodandotherproducts;theygivehimshade;andtheyhelptopreventdroughtsandfloods.Unfortunately,manhasnotrealizedthatthethirdoftheseservicesisthemostimportant.Twothousandyearsagoarichandpowerfulcountrycutdownitstreestobuildwarships,withwhichtogainitselfanempire.Itgainedtheempire,but,withoutitstrees,itssoilbecamehardandpoor.Whentheempirefelltopieces,thehomecountryfounditselffacedbyfloodandstarvation.Eventhoughagovernmentrealizestheimportanceofaplentifulsupplyoftrees,itisdifficultforittopersuadevillagerstoseethis.Thevillagerswantwoodtocooktheirfoodwith;andtheycanearnmoneybysellingwood.Theyareusuallytoolazytoplantandlookafterthetrees.So,unlessthegovernmenthasagoodsystemofcontrol,orcaneducatethepeople,theforestswillslowlydisappear.Thisdoesnotonlymeanthatthevillagers’childrenandgrandchildrenwillhavefewertrees.Theresultsareevenmoreserious,forwheretherearetreestheirrootsbreakthesoilupallowingtheraintosinkin—andalsobindthesoil,thuspreventingitsbeingwashedawayeasilybutwheretherearenotrees,therainfallsonhardgroundandflowsawayfromthesurface,causingflood.46.Whatisthemostimportantfunctionoftrees?A.Providingfuel.B.Offeringshade.C.Preventingnaturaldisaster.D.Providingwood.47.Whateventuallyhappenedtotheempireintheparagraph?A.Itspeoplediedofhunger.B.Itfelltopieces.C.Itbecameagiantempire.D.Itbuiltmanyshipswithwood.48.Itisimpliedinthepassagethatthevillagers_____.A.wantaplentifulsupplyoftreesB.wantfirewoodbadlyC.justwanttogetmoneyD.don’trealizetheimportanceoftrees49.Theroleoftreesisto_____.A.loosensoilB.keepsoilinpositionC.hardensoilD.bothAandB50.Whatisthepassagemainlyconcernedwith?A.Thebenefitsoftrees.B.Treesandsoilprotection.C.Thevarioususesoftrees.D.Differentattitudestowardtrees.【答案與解析】46.C 第二段第一句說樹木的第三項功能是最重要的，也就是第一段提到的“theyhelptopreventdroughtsandfloods”即樹木能幫助預防旱災和洪災。所以C項“預防自然災害”是樹木最重要的功能。47.B 第二段說到，曾有一個強國，砍伐大量樹木來造戰(zhàn)船，用戰(zhàn)船得到了一個帝國，但是本國因為沒有樹木，土質變硬。最終帝國解體時，本國發(fā)生了旱災和饑荒。所以該國所得到的帝國最終解體了。所以B項正確。A項“有很多人餓死”是本國的最終命運，而不是該國建立的帝國的最后命運。48.D 第三段中說到，村民用樹木做飯，或是把樹木賣掉賺錢。所以可以看出，村民并沒有意識到樹木的重要性。49.D 最后一段“theirrootsbreakthesoilupallowingtheraintosinkin”說明深深扎進土壤的樹根能夠允許雨水滲入，說明樹木能使土壤變得松軟，對應A項。bindthesoil后面thuspreventingitsbeingwashedawayeasily防止被沖走，這說明bind是“固定住”的意思，對應B項。50.A 本文第一段講的是樹木的三項功能，第二段指出第三項功能—防止自然災害是最重要的，舉出了史上一強國因砍伐樹木而最終深受洪災、饑荒之苦的例子。第三段指出村民意識不到樹木的重要性，政府需要教育村民保護樹木。最后一段說明了樹木能防止洪災的具體原理。所以整篇文章強調的還是樹木的重要性。Passage3TheblueswasbornontheMississippiRiverDeltaintheearly1900s.AftertheCivilWar,theslaveswerefreebutlifewasstillnoteasy.Theyhadtofindnewwork.IntheSouth,workcampswereformed.BlackpeoplefromthesecampsworkedonfarmsandonbuildinguptheMississippiRiverbanks.Duringtheweekthepeopleworkedlongandhard.Theyoftenlivedalone,withouttheirfamilies,farfromhome.Ontheweekends,theworkersgottogetheratpicnicsordrinkingplaces.Travelingblackmusicianswithguitarsentertainedthem.Themusicianssangsongsaboutthedifficultlifeoftheworkers.Thesesongswerecalledtheblues.Ifyouhavethebluesitmeansyoufeelverysad.Youcanhavethebluesbecauseyouhavenomoney,nojob,nolover,nohome,ornofriend.YoucanhavetheSt.Louisblues,theMemphisblues,ortheMondaymorningblues.Maybeyouhavehadthehomeworkbluesortheexaminationblues.Butbluessongswerenotalwayssad.Someofthemwerehappyandmanyofthemwerefunny.Blueswasanewkindofmusic.Inbluessongssomenoteswereflattened(降半音的).Thesenoteswerecalled“bluenotes”.Theymadethemusicsoundsadanddifferent.EarlybluessingersoftenhadveryinterestingnameslikeBlindLemonJefferson,Howlin’Wolf,MuddyWaters,andLeadbelly.Sometimesthebluessingershadsongcontests.Eachsingersangnewwordsoranewstyleofthebluessong.Theymadeupthemusicastheyplayed.Inthiswaytheycreatednewmusic.Thisiscalledimprovization(即興演奏).Later,improvisationbecameaveryimportantpartofjazzmusic.BluesbeganinthecountryintheSouth.Asblacksmovedintothebigcitiestowork,theblueswentwiththem.There,theysangaboutlifeinthecities.W.C.Handy,ablackbandleaderfromMemphismadethebluespopularalloverAmerica.In1914hewrotethemostfamousbluessongofall,“TheSt.LouisBlues”.51.Thispassageismainlyconcernedwith_____.A.thebirthofAmericancountrymusicB.thebirthofjazzmusicC.thebirthofAmericanpopularmusicD.thebirthoftheblues52.Bluessongswereoftenabout_____.A.thehardlifeofblackpeopleB.thelonelylifeofblackpeopleC.thehappyandfunnylifeofblackpeopleD.thehardlifeofslaves53.Intheearly1900s,blackpeopleoftengottogetheratsomedrinkingplacesonweekendsmainlybecause_____.A.theyhadfoundnewworkB.theyhadworkedlongandhardduringweekdaysC.theyoftenlivedalone,withouttheirfamiliesD.theyweregoodatsinginganddancing54.Improvizationcameintobeingwhenthebluessingers_____.A.hadsongcontestsB.sanganewstyleofmusicC.sangnewwordsD.madeupthemusicastheyplayed55.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.AftertheCivilWar,mostblackpeoplefoundjobsinfactories.B.Nobluessongswereaboutlifeinthecities.C.Theblueswaspopularonlyinthecountry.D.TheblueswasborninthecountryintheSouth.【答案與解析】51.D 這篇文章主要敘述了美國黑人民歌(theblues)的產生和發(fā)展過程。20世紀初，流浪黑人樂手為在密西西比河岸上勞作的黑人們演唱，歌唱他們艱難的生活，由此產生了這種憂郁的民歌。其后，隨著黑人們來到大城市工作，這種民歌也進入城市，并在全國流行起來。52.A 文章的第一段提到“樂手們唱著描述工人(即黑人)們艱難生活的歌曲”。依據(jù)此句可選出A項。該項的意思是，“黑人民歌的內容常是關于黑人的艱難生活的”。53.C 據(jù)文中第一段的信息“平時這些人長期艱苦地工作。他們常常獨自居住，沒有家人，遠離家鄉(xiāng)。在周末，這些工人就聚在一起野餐、飲酒”，可選出正確選項。54.D 倒數(shù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句“Thisiscalledimprovization.”的前兩句“Theymadeupthemusicastheyplayed.Inthiswaytheycreatednewmusic.”說明，藍調歌手一邊演奏一邊創(chuàng)作音樂。以這種方式，他們創(chuàng)作除了新的音樂。所以即興演奏方式是在邊演奏邊創(chuàng)作的過程中形成的。55.D 最后一段第一句BluesbeganinthecountryintheSouth.表明，藍調音樂是在美國南部誕生的。故D項正確。Ⅳ.Translation(15points)Directions:ReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandtranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChinese.PleasewriteyourversioninthecorrespondingspaceonyourAnswerSheet.Shoppingforclothesisnotthesameexperienceforamanasitisforawoman.Amangoesshoppingbecauseheneedssomething.Hispurposeissettledanddecidedinadvance.Heknowswhathewantsandhisobjectiveistofinditandbuyit;thepriceisasecondaryconsideration.Allmensimplywalkintoashopandasktheassistantforwhattheywant.(1)Iftheshophasitinstock,thesalesmanpromptlyproducesit,andthebusinessoftryingitonproceedsatonce.(2)Allbeingwell,thedealcanbeandofteniscompletedinlessthanfiveminutes,withhardlyanychatandtoeveryone’ssatisfaction.Foraman,slightproblemsmaybeginwhentheshopdoesnothavewhathewants,ordoesnothaveexactlywhathewants.(3)Inthatcase,thesalesman,asthenameimplies,triestosellthecustomersomethingelse.Heoffersthenearesthecantothearticlerequired.Nogoodsalesmanbringsoutsuchasubstitutebluntly;hedoessowithskillandpolish:“Iknowthisjacketisnotthestyleyouwant,sir,butwouldyouliketotryitforsize?Ithappenstobethecoloryoumentioned.”Fewmenhavepatiencewiththistreatment,andtheusualresponseis“Thisistherightcolorandmaybetherightsize,butIshouldbewastingmytimeandyoursbytryingiton.”Nowhowdoesawomangoaboutbuyingclothes?(4)Inalmosteveryrespectshedoessointheoppositeway.Hershoppingisnotoftenbasedonneed.Shehasneverfullymadeuphermindwhatshewants,andsheisonly“havingalookround.”Sheisalwaysopentopersuasion;indeedshesetsgreatstorebywhatthesaleswomantellsher,evenbywhatcompanionstellher.Shewilltryonanynumberofthings.Uppermostinhermindisthethoughtoffindingsomethingthateveryonethink