山西省長(zhǎng)治市2022-2023學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期7月期末英語 Word版含解析

注意事項(xiàng)：注意事項(xiàng)：完成，答在本試題上無效。3.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案用0.5mm黑色筆跡簽字筆寫在答題卡上。4.考試結(jié)束后，將本試題和答題卡一并交回。5.考試時(shí)間12()分鐘，滿分150分。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分15分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1分，滿分5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?IBC5.答案是Co1.Whatisthevolunteerexpectedtobe?A.Afootballer.B.Atranslator.C.Acoach.2.WhatwillMikedoafterschool?A.Takearide.B.Teachscience.C.Doanexperiment.3.Howdoesthemanprobablyfeel?A.Curious.B.Happy.C.Disappointed.4.WhydoesStanorganiseafund-raising?A.Todonatebooks.B.Tohelpschoolrebuilding.C.Toencouragehisclassmatestoworkhard.5.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Inthestreet.B.Inthemuseum.C.Intheclassroom.第第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6至8題。6.What'swrongwiththewoman?A.Sheissleeplessness.B.Shehasgotaheadache.C.Shehasapaininhereyes.7.Howlongdoesthewomanspendonhersmartphoneinaday?A.2hours.B.12hours.C.14hours.8.Whatisthedoctor'sadvice?A.Usesomemedicine.B.Haveanoperation.C.Stopusingthesmartphone.聽第7段材料，回答第9至11題。9.Howdoesthewomandealwithherbackpackbeforeshehangsout?A.Takeitwithher.B.Placeitinherroom.C.Leaveitatthefrontdesk.10.Wherewillthewomanprobablygo?A.Artgallery.B.Scienceexhibition.C.Placesofinterest.11.Howwillthewomangettotheairport?A.Bysubway.B.Bybus.C.Bytaxi.聽第8段材料，回答第12至15題。12.WhydopeoplechooseCityTours?A.Theycanenjoydifferentviews.B.Theycanbuyspecialsouvenirs.C.Theycandesigntheirowntours.13.Howmuchdoesa10-year-oldchildneedtopay?A.$9.B.$18.C.Free.14.What14.Whattimedoesthebusstart?A.AT8:00AM.B.At8:30AM.C.At8:30PM.15.Whatdoesthespeakerprobablydo?A.Atravelagent.B.Abusdriver.C.Ashopmanager.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分60分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題3分，滿分45分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheInternationalFederationofInventors,Associations(IFIA)holdsaround50eventseveryyear.Hereistheinformationofsomeupcomingevents.KoreaInternationalWomen'sInventionExhibition(KIWIE)KIWIEistrulyoneandonlyfestivalcelebratingwomeninventorsandinventionsintheworld,whichhasdriventhegrowthofwomeninventorsathomeandabroad.Thisyear,KIWIE2023willbeheldonlineandofflinesothatyoucanviewthesiteandtheonlineexhibitionhallatthesametime.Date:July20(Thurs)p22(Sat),2023Place:Hall4,ExhibitionCenterI,KINTEXInternationalInventionInnovationCompetitioninCanada(iCAN)iCAN2022lastyearfeaturedmorethan720inventionsfrom81countriesaroundtheworldandwasatrueglobalstageforworldwidecreativityandinnovation.Thisyearisaspecialonlineedition.Youcansendyourapplicationformandvideofilebefore10thAugust2023byemail.Date:August26(Sat),2023Website:www.lisias.orgMacao(China)InternationalInnovationandInventionExhibitionExpo(MiiEX)MTEMTEfocusesonrecognizinginventions,programmesandideaswhichcontributetosustainability,reducingpoverty,improvingareacooperation,protectingourplanet,andbuildingpeace.Theawardsespeciallyencouragethedevelopmentoflocalsolutionstolocalchallenges.Date:October17(Tues)p21(Sun),2023VirtualEvent:www.mte.erg,myPlace:KualaLumpurCityCenter.1.Whichofthefollowingeventsisonlyavailableonlinethisyear?A.KIWIE.B.iCAN.C.MiiEX.D.MTE.2.WhocanbenefitfromMiiEXaccordingtothetext?A.Macaopeople.B.Marketmanagers.C.Womeninventors.D.Universitystudents.3.Whatinventionsaremore1汰elytobeawardedinMTE?A.Low-costinventions.B.High-techinventions.C.World-wideinventions.D.Local-relatedinventions.【答案】1.B2.D3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章指出國(guó)際發(fā)明家協(xié)會(huì)聯(lián)合會(huì)(IFIA)每年舉辦大約50場(chǎng)活動(dòng)。文章介紹了四個(gè)即將舉行的活動(dòng)的信息。【1題詳解】MiiEXisthefirstandonlycontestshowingvariousinventionsandnewproductsthatareintendedtogotothemarket.MiiEXoffersaplatformfbrcommunicationamonguniversitystudentsandinventors,throughwhichstudentswillgetinspirationfrominteractionamongparticipants.Date:October27(Fri)p29(Sun),2023Place:CotaiExpoHallD,TheVenetianMacao(China)pOnlineandOfflineExhibitionMalaysiaTechnologyExhibition(MTE)細(xì)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)InternationalInventionInnovationCompetitioninCanada(iCAN)部分中“Thisyearisaspecialonlineedition.Youcansendyourapplicationformandvideofilebefore10thAugust2023byemail.(今年是特別的網(wǎng)絡(luò)版。您可以在2023年8月10日前通過電子郵件發(fā)送您的申請(qǐng)表格和視頻文件。)”可知，iCAN活動(dòng)是今年只在網(wǎng)上開放。故選B.【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Macao(China)InternationalInnovationandInventionExhibitionExpo(MiiEX)部分中"MiiEXoffersaplatformforcommunicationamonguniversitystudentsandinventors,throughwhichstudentswillgetinspirationfrominteractionamongparticipants^MiiEX為大學(xué)生和發(fā)明家提供了一個(gè)交流的平臺(tái)，學(xué)生可以從參與者之間的互動(dòng)中獲得靈感。)”可知，該活動(dòng)的受益者為大學(xué)生。故選D。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MalaysiaTechnologyExhibition(MTE)部分中"Theawardsespeciallyencouragethedevelopmentoflocalsolutionstolocalchallenges.(該獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)特別鼓勵(lì)針對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)靥魬?zhàn)制定當(dāng)?shù)亟鉀Q方案°)"可知，與本土有關(guān)系的致力于解決當(dāng)?shù)靥魬?zhàn)的方案更有可能獲獎(jiǎng)。故選D。BNeudyRojop,29,looksacrosstherough,rockyroadinthesmallruralvillageofSanRafaelPacaya.Itleadstothehomewhereshegrewupandwhereshestilllivestoday.WhenRojopwasabout10,hercousin,Carlos,wasverysick.Withoutanylocalclinics(診所),Rojop'sfamilycouldn'tevenfigureoutwhatthediseasewas.Theycoulddonothingbutwait.Growingup,shenoticedhowfrequentlymanyofthosearoundherweregettingsick.Asateenager,shestartedtorealizehercommunityneededbetterchancetohealthcare.Soshedeterminedtogotoanursingschool.Buthervisionwasbeyondbeinganurse.Aftergraduation,sherealizedonepersonwasnotenoughtomakethecommunitybetter.t4Thepeopleheremayhavecommondiseases,"shethought."Someareknown.Buttheremaybenewdiseasesthatwedon'tknowabout.,,Shewantedtodosomethingtokeepanyillnessfrombeingathreatinthefirstplace.Shewantedtotrainpeopleanddosomeresearchtomonitortheseillnessesandtrytoprovideearlyactions,ortryoutnewwaystopreventsomeofthem.Overthenextfewyears,sheandasmallteambroughthervisiontolife.Theyprovidedmeasuresthatcouldlimitthepossiblerisks.Olson,oneofhercolleagues,recalled,“Shehaszeroclinicalexperienceandzeroresearchexperienceatfirst,butnowsheisasuperstarhere.Herworkingplaceisusuallybusywithabout300patientspermonth."NowRojopstartsherdayswithamorningmeeting,makingdecisions,solvingproblemsandsettingprioritieswithherteammates.Tnthepast,IwassoyoungthatIcoulddonothingfbrmycommunity,Mshesays."ButnowI4題詳解4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中"Asateenager,shestartedtorealizehercommunityneededbetterchancetohealthcare.Soshedeterminedtogotoanursingschool.”(十幾歲的時(shí)候，她開始意識(shí)到她的社區(qū)需要更好的醫(yī)療保健機(jī)會(huì)。所以她決定去一所護(hù)理學(xué)校。)可知，社區(qū)醫(yī)療保健的需求促使Rojop去上護(hù)理學(xué)校。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中"Shewantedtodosomethingtokeepanyillnessfrombeingathreatinthefirstplace.Shewantedtotrainpeopleanddosomeresearchtomonitortheseillnessesandtrytoprovideearlyactions,ortrycanhelpbecauseIknowhow."4.WhatinspiredRojoptogotoanursingschool?A.Afuturewell-paidjob.B.Herpoorfamilybackground.C.Theneedofcommunityhealthcare.D.Herchildhoodexperiencesofbeingsick.5.WhatwasRojop'svisionaftergraduation?A.Buildingmorelocalhospitals.B.Actingasaprofessionalnurse.C.Preventingdiseasesthroughearlyactions.D.Providingbettereducationfbrtheschoolkids.6.WhatcanbeinferredfromOlson'swordsinParagraph4?A.Rojophasbeenacceptedwidely.B.Rojoplacksworkingexperience.C.Rojopenjoysbeingbroughtintofocus.D.Rojophasn'tsatisfiedpublicexpectations.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesthequalityofRojop?A.Frank.B.Flexible.C.Determined.D.Generous.【答案】4C5.C6.A7.C解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了NeudyRojop的故事，因?yàn)橐庾R(shí)到所在社區(qū)醫(yī)療保健的需求，她去了護(hù)理學(xué)校上學(xué)，但她不想局限于做一名護(hù)士，畢業(yè)后她積極工作實(shí)現(xiàn)了通過早期行動(dòng)來預(yù)防疾病的想。法項(xiàng)法項(xiàng)outoutnewwaystopreventsomeofthem.”(她想做點(diǎn)什么，讓疾病從一開始就不構(gòu)成威脅。她想培訓(xùn)人們，做一些研究來監(jiān)測(cè)這些疾病，并嘗試提供早期行動(dòng)，或者嘗試新的方法來預(yù)防其中一些疾病。)可知，畢業(yè)后Rojop的構(gòu)想是通過早期行動(dòng)預(yù)防疾病。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中Olson的話"Shehaszeroclinicalexperienceandzeroresearchexperienceatfirst,butnowsheisasuperstarhere.Herworkingplaceisusuallybusywithabout300patientspermonth."(她一開始沒有臨床經(jīng)驗(yàn)，也沒有研究經(jīng)驗(yàn)，但現(xiàn)在她是這里的超級(jí)明星°她的工作場(chǎng)所通常每個(gè)月都要接待大約300名患者。)可知，Rojop現(xiàn)在非常有經(jīng)驗(yàn)，會(huì)接待非常多的患者。由此可知，她己被廣泛接受。故選A。【7題詳解】推理判斷題.通讀全文可知，NeudyRojop小時(shí)候意識(shí)到社區(qū)醫(yī)療保健的需求，于是去了護(hù)理學(xué)校上學(xué)。但她不想局限于做一名護(hù)士，畢業(yè)后她設(shè)想通過早期行動(dòng)來預(yù)防疾病，并積極地行動(dòng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了這個(gè)想法。由此可知，Rojop是一個(gè)堅(jiān)定地實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想的人。故選C項(xiàng)。CPeoplearealwayscuriousaboutresearchingthewell-preservedmasterpiecesinWesternhistoryfromthe"OldMasters''suchasLeonardodaVinci,Caravaggio,andSandroBotticelli.Oneincrediblefindingisthattheyalllovedusingakindofunusualpaintintheirpaintings.Tobeexact,theartistswouldmixeggsintotheirpaintstocreateathingcalled"eggtempera(蛋彩)ThistechniquedatesbacktoancientEgyptandcanbefoundonmanyofthepaintingsfromtheOldMasterssuchasBoticelli's"BirthofVenus".Scientistsstudytheelementsoftheirpaintingsandfindthatthereareaddedproteins(蛋白質(zhì))totheworksofart.ThereasonforthathadeludedusfbralongtimeuntilanewstudywaspublishedTuesday,whichmighttelluswhy.Toreachtheirfindings,thestudy'sauthorsdrewonanalysisofOldMasterpaintingssuchasBoticelli's"TheLamentationsofChris，'andDaVinci's^MadonnaoftheCarnation"'alongwithchemicaldatafromlab-madeeggtempera.Theyfoundthattheeggproteinsessentiallycreatedathinprotectivecoveraroundthepaintwiththeoilintheeggs.Thishelpedpreventitfromwrinkling,discolorationwhilestoppingitfromyellowingovertimebyslowingdownreactionsbetweentheairandoilinthepaints.Thefindingsprovidefreshinsightsintothecraftofsomeofthegreatestartistswhohaveeverlived.ItjustgoestoshowthatwhileDaVinciandhisfellowsmightbegonenow,therearestillplentyofartiststhatwecanlearnfromtheirprocessesandartwork.Asanoldsayinggoes,youhavetocrackafeweggsifyouwanttomake項(xiàng)項(xiàng)ananomelet(煎蛋卷)一and,apparently,sodoesamasterpieceworkofart.8.Whatdothe"OldMasters"haveincommonaccordingtothetext?A.Theyallkepttheirworkswell.B.Theysharedthesamepaintingstyle.C.Theylivedinthesamehistoryperiod.D.Theyallusedeggtemperaintheirpaintings.9.Whichofthefollowingcanreplace"eluded"inparagraph3?A.Excited.B.Embraced.C.Confused.D.Aided.10.Whatisthepurposeofusingeggsinpaintings?A.Toreplacetheexpensivepaints.B.Topresentdifferentshadesofyellow.C.Toformacovertoprotectthepaintings.D.Tostimulatethereactionbetweenpaints.11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ChemicalStudyofEggsB.EnvironmentalUseofEggsC.TheEggWisdomof“OldMasters"D.ANewWaytoAppreciateWesternArt【答案】8.D9.C10.C11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)以前的藝術(shù)家通過在顏料中添加雞蛋，來保護(hù)畫?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段"Tobeexact,theartistswouldmixeggsintotheirpaintstocreateathingcalled"eggtempera(蛋彩)”.(確切地說，藝術(shù)家們將雞蛋混合到他們的顏料中，創(chuàng)造出一種叫做“蛋彩畫”的東西)”可知，OldMasters的共同之處是都在畫中使用蛋彩畫。故選D?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文"foralongtimeuntilanewstudywaspublishedTuesday,whichmighttelluswhy”可知，周二發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)新研究可能會(huì)告訴原因，說明在這之前這個(gè)問題一致困擾著科學(xué)家們。故劃線詞意思是“困擾”。故選C?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段"Theyfoundthattheeggproteinsessentiallycreatedathinprotectivecoveraroundthepaintwiththeoilintheeggs.Thishelpedpreventitfromwrinkling,discolorationwhilestoppingitfromyellowingovertimebyslowingdownreactionsbetweentheairandoilinthepaints.(他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，雞蛋中的蛋白質(zhì)在雞蛋的顏料周圍形成了一層薄薄的保護(hù)層。這有助于防止它起皺，變色，同時(shí)通過減緩顏料中空氣和油之間的反應(yīng)來防止它隨著時(shí)間的推移變黃)”可推知，在繪畫中使用雞蛋的目的是形成一個(gè)保護(hù)罩來保護(hù)畫作。故選C。作作DWhenDWhennaturaldisastershappen,animalsareveryoftenleftalonetodefendthemselvesagainsttheviolenceofnature.However,today,amanhaschangedthisbyusingdrones(無人機(jī))tolocatethem.DouglasThron,apersonfromCalifornia,hasbeenhelpingwildlifearoundtheworldinzoneswhereanaturaldisasterhasjusthappened,whetheritiscausedbyafire,atornado,ahurricaneorevenatsunami.Withthehelpofhisdrone,hecanlocateanimalsstillalivethatcouldbetrappedsomewheretheycannotgetout.Oncehefindsoneormore,wildliferescuersmoveintofreethemorbringthembacktosafetytobetreated,iftheyarewounded.Thronhasbeeninvolvedinvariousactionstohelptheenvironmentsincethe1990s.HetookaspecialinterestinsavingtheancientredwoodforestsofCaliforniabuthisjobthenwastoshootvideoswithhiscamera.In2019,aCategoryFivehurricanehittheBahamas.ThrondecidedtovolunteerwithagroupcalledSeaShepherdwiththemissionofdocumentingthedamage.Hebroughtdroneswithhim.However,ashewasflyingthem,henoticedagreatnumberoftrappeddogs.Thatiswhenhetookthedecisiontotryandsaveasmanyanimalsashecould.Torecognizeanimalsatthedistanceeasily,hedecidedtoaddinfrared(紅夕卜線的)camerastoupdatethedrone,whichwouldrecognizetheheatofanimalsandmakeiteasiertoidentifythoseneedinghelp.Hesaysthattheabilityfordronestohelpandsaveanimallivesisjusttoogreat.Healsoinsiststhatalthoughitworksincasesofdisastersforwildanimals,itcanalsoapplytothesearchofdomesticones.12.WhatdoesThrondowiththehelpofdrones?A.Leadtheanimalstosafeplaces.B.Locatetrappedanimalsinthedisasters.C.Detectwherethereisanaturaldisaster.D.Defendhimselfagainsttheviolenceofnature.【11題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段"Peoplearealwayscuriousaboutresearchingthewell-preservedmasterpiecesinWesternhistoryfromthe"OldMasters"suchasLeonardodaVinci,Caravaggio,andSandroBotticelli.Oneincrediblefindingisthattheyalllovedusingakindofunusualpaintintheirpaintings.(從達(dá)芬奇、卡拉瓦喬、桑德羅?波提切利等“老大師”開始，人們總是好奇地想要研究西方歷史上保存完好的杰作。一個(gè)令人難以置信的發(fā)現(xiàn)是，他們都喜歡在他們的畫中使用一種不尋常的顏料)”結(jié)合文章主要說明了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)以前的藝術(shù)家通過在顏料中添加雞蛋，來保護(hù)畫作?？芍?，C選項(xiàng)““老大師”的蛋智慧”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選C。s【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了以前在自然災(zāi)害發(fā)生后，人類忙于自救，動(dòng)物們只能聽天由命，自我保護(hù)。而現(xiàn)在，一名來自加利福尼亞的男子道格拉斯?斯隆通過使用無人機(jī)來定位被困動(dòng)物，從而實(shí)施救助。【12題詳解】somewheretheycannotgetout.(在無人機(jī)的幫助下，他可以找到那些可能被困在某個(gè)地方無法脫身的活著的動(dòng)物)”可知，Thron使用無人機(jī)確定被困動(dòng)物的位置，從而使救援人員對(duì)其施救。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】era用相機(jī)拍攝視頻)”可知，Thron曾做過視頻攝影師。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】m名為“海洋守護(hù)者”的組織的志愿者，其任務(wù)是記錄破壞情況。他帶來了無人機(jī)。然而，當(dāng)他駕駛飛機(jī)時(shí)，他注意到許多被困的狗。就在那時(shí)，他決定盡可能多地拯救動(dòng)物)”可知，他是在颶風(fēng)后發(fā)現(xiàn)許多狗被困需要營(yíng)救時(shí)，決定專門從事動(dòng)物救援工作。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】needinghelp.(為了更容易地識(shí)別遠(yuǎn)處的動(dòng)物，他決定在無人機(jī)上安裝紅外攝像頭升級(jí)他的相機(jī)，讓無人機(jī)能夠識(shí)別動(dòng)物的體溫，從而更容易識(shí)別需要幫助的動(dòng)物)”可知，他升級(jí)他的相機(jī)是為了更容易地識(shí)別被困動(dòng)物。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題3分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。項(xiàng)HowtoSurviveaLightningStrike?KeepaneyeontheskyrKnowthestorm'sdistanceuEBF19.G20.C解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，文章主要介紹在戶外遭遇雷暴天氣如何保持安全?！?6題詳解】leisureactivitiesoutdoors.(根據(jù)美國(guó)國(guó)家氣象局的數(shù)據(jù)，近三分之二的雷擊事故發(fā)生在人們?cè)趹敉庑蓍e活動(dòng)時(shí))”提到，近三分之二的雷擊事故發(fā)生在人們?cè)趹敉庑蓍e活動(dòng)時(shí)，E項(xiàng)“人們?cè)诼稜I(yíng)、遠(yuǎn)足或劃船時(shí)被ghikingorboatingleisureactivitiesoutdoorsw,故選E?！?7題詳解】theforecast...(早上開始你的徒步旅行，如果預(yù)報(bào)顯示天氣不好，在中午結(jié)束。如果天氣預(yù)報(bào)……)”可知，此處是說要提前查看天氣預(yù)報(bào)，B項(xiàng)“請(qǐng)?zhí)崆安榭刺鞖忸A(yù)報(bào)”符合語境，故選【18題詳解】g叩thetrip.(如果天氣預(yù)報(bào)說全天都會(huì)有周期性的暴風(fēng)雨，做出明智的選擇，考慮放棄這次旅行)"可知，如果天氣預(yù)報(bào)說天氣不好，要作出明智的選擇，考慮放棄這次旅行，這樣就可以避免危險(xiǎn)，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“保持冷靜可以幫助你避免進(jìn)一步的危險(xiǎn)”符合語境，故選F?！?9題詳解】近的庇護(hù)所)"提到要不斷觀察最近的庇護(hù)所，G項(xiàng)“在沒有其他庇護(hù)所的情況下，汽車露營(yíng)者可以待在車上”也是關(guān)于庇護(hù)所，符合語境，故選G。【20題詳解】immediately.(例如，如果秒數(shù)是30,那么兩者之間的距離等于6英里，并立即找到庇護(hù)所)”舉例說明如你可以在你可以在10英里外聽到雷聲)”可知，此處是說如果你還是不會(huì)算，就記住你可以在10英里外聽到雷聲，C項(xiàng)“如果這個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的數(shù)學(xué)仍然令人困惑”符合語境，故選C。第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。ItiswellknownthatweSherpa(夏爾巴人)areregardedasthebackboneforclimbingabove8000meters.But21,therewerenoSherpaonthelistof8000-meterWinterFirstAscents(攀登)，whichmademeasaSherpafeel22.1attemptedtoclimbK2,thesecondhighestmountainintheworldlastwinter,but23.Yet1stillwantedtoseeourflagputonits24.whichhadlongbeenmydream.Thisyear,ImadeallthearrangementsandteamedwiththreeotherSherpa.Itrustedthembecausetheywerestrong,25andmostimportantlytheywerethinkinglikemepnational26first.WhenwestartedonNov.21,we27thatwecouldsucceedinreachingthetopwithinthreeweeksiftheweatherremained28.Butlater,whenwewereclosertoCampFour,myleftfootwasgettingfrozen,soIwasworriedIcouldputmyteammatesindanger29Icontinued.Theycomfortedmeandadvisedmeto30itbykickingtheice,which31workedbeforewesetoutagain.Oneofmyteammates,Tenzi,was32thewayandfixinglinesalltheway.Wewereclimbingbehindhimcarryingropesandotherstuff.Weallknewitwas33thatcouldmakeallofusholdonstraighttotheend.December17finally!At4:43pm,wejoinedshouldertoshouldertothesummitbutnotarriving34.Itdidn't35whichoneofusgotthefirst,butwediditfbrthesignificantmeaning.Whenweunite,nothingisimpossible.21.A.surprisinglyB.traditionallyC.naturallyD.fortunately22.A.hopelessB.ashamedC.satisfiedD.relieved23.A.remainedB.complainedC.failedD.suffered24.A.territoryB.groundC.borderD.summit25.A.reliableB.realisticC.attractiveD.addicted26.A.prideB.securityC.propertyD.strategy27.A.doubtedB.confirmedC.permittedD.expected28.A.hotB.typicalC.normalD.freezing29.A.thoughB.ifC.sinceD.so30.A.warmB.freeC.wrapD.affect31.A.frequentlyB.actuallyC.hardlyD.differentlyueccurA22.B23.C24.D25.A26.A27.D28.C29.B30.A31.B32.D33.B34.C35.C解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了夏爾巴人被視為攀登8000米以上的中堅(jiān)力量，但是8000米WinterFirstAscents的名單上沒有夏爾巴人。作者作為夏爾巴人決定改變這個(gè)事實(shí)。他和他的隊(duì)友經(jīng)歷重重的困難，最終登峰。他覺得當(dāng)人們團(tuán)結(jié)起來時(shí)，沒有什么是不可能的。[21題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：但令人驚訝的是，8000米WinterFirstAscents的名單上沒有夏爾巴人，這讓我作為夏爾巴人感到羞愧。A.surprisingly出乎意料地，令人驚訝地；B.traditionally傳統(tǒng)上地；C.backboneforclimbingabove8000metersw以及轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but可知，夏爾巴人被視為攀登8000米以上的中堅(jiān)力量，但令人驚訝的是，8000米冬季第一次攀登的名單上沒有夏爾巴人。故選A。【22題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但令人驚訝的是，8000米WinterFirstAscents的名單上沒有夏爾巴人，這讓我作為夏爾巴人感到羞愧。A.hopeless無望的；B.ashamed羞愧的；C.satisfied滿足的；D.relieved釋W(xué)interFirstAscents的名單上沒有夏爾巴人，這件事讓作為夏爾巴人的作者感到很羞愧。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：去年冬天，我試圖攀登世界第二高峰K2,但沒有成功。A.remained保留；B.mountainintheworldlastwinterM以及轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but可知，作者試圖攀登世界第二高峰，但是失敗了。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，我仍然希望看到我們的國(guó)旗登上頂峰，這是我長(zhǎng)期以來的夢(mèng)想。A.dertoshouldertothesummitD【25題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我信任他們，因?yàn)樗麄儓?jiān)強(qiáng)、可靠，最重要的是，他們和我一樣思考一民族自豪感第一。A.reliable可靠的；B.realistic現(xiàn)實(shí)的；C.attractive吸引人的；D.addicted_t癮的。根據(jù)空前“Itrustedthem"可知，作者相信他的隊(duì)員，因?yàn)樗麄儓?jiān)強(qiáng)、可靠。故選A。【26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我信任他們，因?yàn)樗麄儓?jiān)強(qiáng)、可拳，最重要的是，他們和我一樣思考一民族自豪感第一。A.pride驕傲；B.security安全；C.property性質(zhì)；D.strategy策略。根據(jù)上文空前“mostimportantlytheywerethinkinglikeme”可知，他們和作者想的一樣，都想把國(guó)旗放到世界第二高峰的山頂上，由此可知，他們考慮的首先是名族自豪感。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們從11月21日開始時(shí)，我們預(yù)計(jì)如果天氣保持正常，我們可以在三周內(nèi)成功登頂。A.doubted懷疑；B.confirmed確認(rèn)；C.permitted允許；D.expected預(yù)期。根據(jù)空后“thatwecouldsucceedinreachingthetopwithin由reeweeksiftheweatherremained8"可知，作者他們預(yù)計(jì)如果天氣正常，會(huì)在三周內(nèi)成功登頂。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們從11月21日開始時(shí)，我們預(yù)計(jì)如果天氣保持正常，我們可以在三周內(nèi)成功登頂。A.hot熱的；B.typical典型的；C.normal正常的；D.freezing極冷的。根據(jù)上文“wecouldsucceedinreachingthetopwithinthreeweeksw并結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，天氣正常的話，作者他們會(huì)在三周內(nèi)成功登頂。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：但后來，當(dāng)我們接近四號(hào)營(yíng)地時(shí)，我的左腳凍僵了，所以我擔(dān)心如果我繼續(xù)下去，我可能會(huì)把我的隊(duì)友置于危險(xiǎn)之中。A.though盡管；B.if如果；C.since自從；D.so因此。根據(jù)上文“soIwasworriedIcouldputmyteammatesindangerw可知，作者擔(dān)心如果他繼續(xù)前進(jìn)，會(huì)把隊(duì)友置于危險(xiǎn)之中。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們安慰我，建議我踢冰讓腿暖和過來，在我們?cè)俅纬霭l(fā)之前，這實(shí)際上起了作用。A.warm取暖；B.free使解脫出來；C,wrap包裹；D.affect影響。根據(jù)空后“bykickingtheice”以及上文提到作者的左腳凍僵可知，隊(duì)友建議作者把冰踢掉讓腿暖和過來，這樣可以繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。故選A?！?1題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他們安慰我，建議我踢冰讓腿暖和過來，在我們?cè)俅纬霭l(fā)之前，這實(shí)際上起了作用。A.frequently經(jīng)常地；B.actually實(shí)際上；C.hardly幾乎沒有；D.differently不同地。根據(jù)空后.workedbefore.workedbeforewesetoutagainw并結(jié)合下文提到作者繼續(xù)攀登可■知，隊(duì)友的建議實(shí)際上起了作用。故選【32題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我的一個(gè)隊(duì)友Tenzi,一直在帶路和固定線路。A.losing失去；B.asking問；C.limiting限制；D.leading帶領(lǐng)。根據(jù)下文"Wewereclimbingbehindhimcarryingropesandotherstuff.”可知，Tenzi在前面帶路。故選D°【33題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們都知道，團(tuán)隊(duì)合作可以讓我們所有人堅(jiān)持到底。A.guideline準(zhǔn)則；B.teamwork團(tuán)隊(duì)合作；C.luck幸運(yùn);D.technique技巧。根據(jù)下文"Whenweunite,nothingisimpossible.w以及全文語境可知，是團(tuán)隊(duì)協(xié)作讓作者他們成功的登頂。故選B°【34題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：下午4點(diǎn)43分，我們肩并肩登上頂峰，但不是個(gè)人先抵達(dá)。A.immediately立即；B.safely安全地；C.individually單獨(dú)地,個(gè)人地；D.entirely完全地。根據(jù)卜文abutwediditforthesignificantmeaning.”可知，作者他們是肩并肩登上的頂峰，而不是個(gè)人。故選C。【35題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們誰先到達(dá)不重要，但我們這樣做的意義重大。A.claim要求；B.demonstrate證明；C.matter重要;D.occur發(fā)生。根據(jù)下文"butwediditforthesignificantmeaningw作者認(rèn)為誰先到達(dá)并不重要。故選C。第二節(jié)(共1()小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。答案寫在題號(hào)后的橫線上。Recently,Beijingsubwayline"DaxingAirportExpress"hastakentechnologyfurther.It36(introduce)palm(手掌)recognitiontoitspaymentsysteminAprilthisyear.Withthe37(assist)ofthistechnology,passengerscanenter38exit"empty-handed"byscanningtheirpalmstwice.Passengerscanshowtheirpalmstopassticketgatesatstopsalongthelineafter39(put)inthepalminformationatthestationticketmachines.Feesaretakenaway40(accurate)fromthepassengers*accountaftertheirexit.41(compare)withtheexistingQRcodescanning,thistechnologydoesn'trequiretheuser'ssmartphone.Peopleonlyneedtoshowonehand42theairwithouttouchinganything.Thatisthereason43thistechnologyiswelcomedbytheyoungpeople.^Thatismuch44(convenient)thanIexpected."saidapassengerhappilyrightafterhisfirstattempttousehispalmtotakethesubway.“Moreimportantly,myprivateinformationcan45(protect)byusingthistechnologyeffectively."BB【【答案】36.introduced37.assistance38.the39.putting40.accurately41.Compared42.in43.why44.moreconvenient45.beprotected【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了北京大興國(guó)際機(jī)場(chǎng)使用掌紋識(shí)別技術(shù)給乘客們帶來了便利。【36題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：今年4月，它在支付系統(tǒng)中引入了掌紋識(shí)別。分析句子，設(shè)空處使用動(dòng)詞作謂語，句子表述過去事實(shí)，故使用一般過去時(shí)。故填introducedo【37題詳解】考查名詞。句意：在這項(xiàng)技術(shù)的幫助下，乘客可以通過掃描兩次手掌來“空手"進(jìn)入出口。分析句子，設(shè)空處使用assist的名詞assistance作賓語，意為“幫助"。故填assistance<>【38題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：同上。句中exit為名詞，意為“出口"，此處表示特指。故填the。39題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：乘客在車站售票機(jī)輸入掌紋信息后，可以在沿途各站的檢票口出示掌紋。分析句子，設(shè)空處置于介詞after之后，故使用動(dòng)名詞作賓語。故填putting.【40題詳解】考查副詞。句意：乘客出境后，費(fèi)用會(huì)準(zhǔn)確地從他們的賬戶中扣除。設(shè)空處使用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞。故填accuratelyo41題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：與現(xiàn)有的二維碼掃描相比，該技術(shù)不需要用戶的智能手機(jī)。句中doesn'trequire為謂語動(dòng)詞，設(shè)空處使用非謂語動(dòng)詞。thistechnology與compare之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故使用過去分詞作狀語。同時(shí)該空置于句首，首字母大寫。故填Compared,【42題詳解】考查介詞。句意：人們只需要在不接觸任何東西的情況下向空中伸出一只手。句中使用介詞與空后的theair構(gòu)成介詞短語。intheair表示"在空中"<>故填in。【43題詳解】考查定語從句。考查定語從句。句意：這就是為什么這項(xiàng)技術(shù)受到年輕人歡迎的原因。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞thereason,引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作原因狀語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞why引導(dǎo)。故填why?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：那比我預(yù)料的要方便得多。根據(jù)句中的much和than可知，設(shè)空處使用形容詞的比較級(jí)作表語。故填moreconveniento【45題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞語態(tài)。句意：更重要的是，通過有效地使用這項(xiàng)技術(shù)，我的私人信息可以得到保護(hù)。分析句子，設(shè)空處使用動(dòng)詞作謂語。同時(shí)information與protect之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，該空置于can之后,故使用含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填beprotected<,第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(滿分10分)46,假定你是李華，你校近期將舉辦一場(chǎng)“戲曲進(jìn)校園”的表演活動(dòng)。屆時(shí)京劇名家會(huì)到校為師生演出,請(qǐng)你給熱衷中國(guó)戲曲的外教Mr.Smith寫封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.邀請(qǐng)他參加并致辭；2.活動(dòng)安排；3.期待回復(fù)。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡相應(yīng)位置作答。DearMr.Smith,【答案】DearMr.Smith,AsadedicatedfanofChinesetraditionalcultureandespeciallyitsgenreofPekingOpera,1thoughtyoumightbeveryinterestedinaspecialeventwearepreparingfbratourschool.Itwouldbeagreathonortohaveyouwithusthatday.Notonlywillyouundoubtedlyenjoytheamazingperformance,whichoffersarareopportunityfbreachofustohaveacloseencounterwiththisbeautifulpieceofourculturalheritage,buttheorganizershavealsoexpressedawishforyoutogiveabriefspeechduringtheevent.Yourssincerely,LiHuaWegenuinelyWegenuinelyhopeyoucanbepartofthisenrichingeventandlookforwardtoyourpositivereply.【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。要求考生給外交Smith先生寫信，邀請(qǐng)他參加學(xué)校近期舉辦的“戲曲進(jìn)校園”表演活動(dòng)。誠(chéng)摯的：genuinely-*sincerely了不起的：amazing-*wonderful機(jī)會(huì)：opportunity-*chance出席：bepartof-*takepartin簡(jiǎn)單句變復(fù)合句原句：Itwouldbeagreathonortohaveyouwithusthatday.拓展句：Itwouldbeagreathonortohaveyouwithusthatday,whenwecouldshareandexperiencegreatpleasure.【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1]Notonlywillyouundoubtedlyenjoytheamazingperformance,whichoffersarareopportunityforeachofustohaveacloseencounterwiththisbeautifulpieceofourculturalheritage,buttheorganizershavealsoexpressedawishfbryoutogiveabriefspeechduringtheevent.(運(yùn)用了which弓|導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句以及notonly...butalso的結(jié)構(gòu))[高分句型2]Wegenui