中醫(yī)英語復(fù)習(xí)

中醫(yī)英語復(fù)習(xí)整理Unit1.整體醫(yī)學(xué)Holisticmedicine.整體觀念HolisticconceptorHolism.診斷與保健體系asystemofdiagnosisandhealth-careapproaches.一套非常成熟的治療及保健方法Ahighlysophisticatedsetofpracticesdesignedtocureillnessandtomaintainhealthandwellbeing.草藥Herbalremedies.陰陽平衡:balanceofyinandyang;Yin-yangbalance;balancebetweenyinandyang.陰平陽秘：Yiniseven(steady)andyangissound(firm)..陰陽失調(diào):disharmonyofyinandyang;imbalanceofyinandyang.陰陽調(diào)和:Harmonyofyinandyang.調(diào)和月干胃：Harmonizingtheliverandstomach中醫(yī)學(xué)ChineseMedicine針灸Acupuncture.血汗同源Thebloodandsweatsharethesamesource..中醫(yī)師PractitionerofChineseMedicine?癥狀和體征Symptomsand(physical)signs.為每一個體重建和諧與平衡Toreestablishharmonyandequilibriumforeachindividual.宇宙中的萬物都是相互依賴、相互作用的Everythingintheuniverseisinterdependentandinteractivel8.將細小的針插入身體的不同穴位Theinsertionoffineneedlesintoavarietyofpointsinthebodystomachwillresultintheoccurrenceofvariousdiseases..夕卜傷traumaticinjuries.痰飲、Phlegm-fluid.瘀血BloodstasisUNIT6.五彳亍Thefiveagents一日木thefirstiswood,二日火thesecondisfire三日土thethirdissoil.四日金thefourthismetal,五日水thefifthiswater,.木日曲直Woodisthebendingandthestraightening.火日炎上Fireistheflamingupward土爰稼木嗇Earthisthesowingandreaping金日從革Metalistheworkingofchange.水日潤下Wateristhemoisteningdandescendingtolowplaces..藥的“四氣五味”：〃四氣〃:fourproperties/natures（cold寒hot熱warm溫cool涼）〃無味〃:acrid[flavor]/bitter/sweet/acrid/salty例句:人參味甘，性溫Ginsengissweetinflavor,warminproperty.五味、

五色、

五精、

五神、.五藏、Fiveviscera五味、

五色、

五精、

五神、FiveflavorsFivecolors五氣、FivekindsofqiFivekindsofessenceFivespirits五病、五風(fēng)、五實、五虛、五痹、五診、五禁、五治、五法、五ofFivediseases/winds/excesses/Deficiencies/kindsobstructiveofyndrome/diagnostic methods/contraindications/treatments/methods/grains5?生:promote,generate,engender克:act(on),restrict,restrain乘:overact,over-restrict,over-restrain,subjugate,overwhelm侮:counteract,counter-restrict,counter-restrain,rebelEG:"心……其主腎也〃意即“那制約心臟的是腎〃。Theheartisrestrainedbythekidneys.Engenderingcycle:WoodFireEarthMetalWaterWoodRestrainingcycle:WoodEarthWaterFireMetalWoodOver-restrainingorsubjugatingcycleCounter-restrainingcycle.Wood:生長、生發(fā)、條達舒暢Growing,ascending,developingfreelyhavingthecharacteristicsofgrowth,upbearingandeffusion肝喜條達而惡抑郁，故肝屬木。Theliverpreferstofunctionfreelyanddislikesdepression,soitpertainstowood.Fire:溫?zé)?、升騰Warmingandrisinghavingthequalityofheatandupwardmotion.心陽有溫煦之功，故以心屬火。Theheartyanghasthefunctionofpropellingqiandbloodtowarmandnourishthewholebody,sotheheartisascribedthequalityoffire..Earth:生化、承載、受納Generating,transforming,supporting,receivingrepresentingtheplantingandharvestingofcorpsandthebringingforthofphenomena.脾有運化水谷，輸送精微，營養(yǎng)五臟六腑、四肢百骸之功，為氣血生化之源，故以脾屬土。Thespleenfunctionstotransportandtransformtheessenceofwaterandgraintonourishtheorgans,thelimbsandskeleton(thebones),anditisthesourceofthegenerationandtransformationofqiandblood,therefore,thespleenisascribedthequalityofearth..Metal:清潔、肅降和收斂Purifying,descending,astringinghavingthequalitiesofpurification,eliminationandreform.斂肺止咳Astringingthelungtostopcoughing斂肺平喘Astringingthelungtorelieveasthma(dyspnea)斂？F固表Arrestingsweatingandstrengtheningthesuperficies肺具清肅之性，肺氣以肅降為順，故以肺屬金。Thelungischaracterizedbypurifyinganddescending,soitisascribedtheattributeofmetal..Water:寒涼、滋潤、向下運行Cooling,moistening,movingdownwardhavingthequalitiesofmoistening,downwardmovementandcoldness.腎有藏精、主水等功能，故以腎屬水。Thekidneyhasthefunctionofstoringessenceandofgoverningwater(fluids),herefore,itpertainstowater..中醫(yī)理論Chinesemedicaltheory.中醫(yī)基礎(chǔ)理論Thefundamental(basic)theoriesofChinesemedicine.中醫(yī)理論體系ThetheoreticalsystemofChinesemedicine22神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)Thenervoussystem.內(nèi)分泌系統(tǒng)Theendocrinesystem.內(nèi)分泌失調(diào)Theendocrinedisorder?肺炎的病因Pathologicalcauseofpneumonia26.風(fēng)、寒、暑、濕、躁、火Wind,cold,summer-heat,dampness,dryness,andfire風(fēng)邪Windevil,pathogenicwind27.肝風(fēng)上頭Theliverwindgoingtothehead.病原體Agentofdisease.精確的診斷Precisediagnosis.失調(diào)的證Patternofdisharmony.臨床研究Clinicalstudy.使證恢復(fù)平衡，使個體恢復(fù)協(xié)調(diào)Tobringtheconfigurationintobalance,torestoreharmonytotheindividual33.診斷六名胃痛患者患有消化道潰瘍病Todiagnosesixpatientswithstomachpainashavingpepticulcerdisease34.所有患者患有相同疾病。Allthepatientssufferfromthesamedisorder..腹痛拒按，冷敷則減。Theabdominalpainincreasesattouch(bypalpation)butdiminisheswiththeapplicationofcoldcompresses..體質(zhì)強壯Robustconstitution.面赤Reddishcomplexion.患者便秘、小便黃赤Thepatientisconstipatedandhasdarkyellowurine..舌苔黃月貳Agreasyyellowtonguecoating.脈弦而有力Wiryandfullpulse.濕熱困月卑Damp-heataffectingthespleenUNITTWO1.陰陽學(xué)說TheTheoryofYinandYang;TheYin-Yangtheory;TheYin-YangDoctrine陰陽對立Oppositionofyinandyang陰陽制約restrictionofyinandyang陰陽互根InterdependenceofYinandYangYinandyangdependon/uponeachother陰陽消長Waxingandwaningofyinandyang陰陽轉(zhuǎn)化Inter-transformationofyinandyang陰陽調(diào)和Harmonyofyinandyang陰陽平衡balanceofyinandyang陰陽失調(diào)disharmonyofyinandyang;imbalanceofyinandyang2.天氣輕清，故屬陽;地氣重濁，故屬陰。Thecelestialqiislightandlucid,thuspertainingtoyang;whileterrestrialqiisheavyandturbid,thereforepertainingtoyin..陽化氣，陰成形Yangtransformsintoqiwhileyinshapesintoconfiguration.Yanggivesrisetoactivity,andyinmakestheconfiguration..陰陽離絕，精氣乃竭。Theseparationofyinandyangwillresultintheexhaustionofessence.Ifone'syinandyangfailtocommunicate,hisessentialqiwillbeexhausted.陰在內(nèi)，陽之守也”日在外，陰之使也。Yinisintheinnerbodyandprotectsyang;yangisintheouterbodyandmovesyin.Theinterdependenceofyinandyangisreflectedinallthingsintheuniverseandcannotbeseparated..陰中有陰，陽中有陽。平旦至日中，天之陽，陽中之陽也；日中至黃昏，天之陽，陽中之陰也；合夜至雞鳴，天之陰，陰中之陰也；雞鳴至平旦，天之陰，陰中之陽也。Inyinisyin;inyangisyang.Fromdowntonoon,thisistheyangofheaven;itistheyangintheyang.Fromnoontodusk,thisistheyangofheaven;itistheyinintheyang.Fromtheearlyeveningtothecrowingofthecocks,thisistheyinofheaven;itistheyinintheyin.Fromthecrowingofthecockstodawn,thisistheyinofheaven;itistheyangintheyin..夫言人之陰陽，則外為陽，內(nèi)為陰；言人身之陰陽，則背為陽,腹為陰；言人身之藏府中陰陽，則藏者為陰，府者為陽，肝、心、脾、肺、腎五藏皆為陰，膽、胃、大腸、小腸、膀胱、三焦六府皆為陽。Astotheyinandyangofthehumanbody,theouterpartisyangandtheinnerpartisyin.Astothetrunk,thebackisyangandtheabdomenisyin.Astotheorgans,thezangorgansareyinwhereasthefuorgansareyang.Theliver,heart,spleen,lung,andkidney(asopposedtolungsandkidneys,hereregardedassinglefunctionalentities)areyin;thegallbladder,stomach,intestines,bladder,andtripleburner(tripleenergizer)areyang..陰陽者，數(shù)之可十，推之可百，數(shù)之可干，推之可萬，萬之大不可勝數(shù)，然其要一也Yinandyangcanbedivideddowntoten,andthenfurtherdowntoonehundred,toathousand,totenthousand,andtoanumbersogreatasdefiescalculations;yetinessenceallthesearebutone.陰勝則寒，陽勝則熱。whenyinprevailsthereiscold,whenyangprevailsthereisheat.陽虛則寒，陰虛則熱。whenyangisdeficientthereiscold,whenyinisdeficientthereisheatUNITFOUR1.月莊腑:acollectivetermforalltheinternalorgansorviscera.藏/月莊：solidorgans,viscera/depots(astorehouseforgoods)/zangorgansyinorgans府/腑：holloworgans,bowels(theintestines),palaces,fuorgans,yangorgans五月莊：fiveviscera,fivezangorgans,theyinorgansHeart,liver,spleen,lung(s)zkidney(s),(pericardium)六腑:sixbowels,sixfuorgans,theyangorgansGallbladder,stomach,largeintestine,smallintestine,(urinary)bladder,tripleenergizer/tripleburner:upperenergizer/burner,middleenergizer/burner,lowerenergizer/burner奇恒之腑traordinaryfuorgansBrain,marrow,bone,vessel,gallbladder,uterus月囪、髓、骨、脈、膽、女子胞2.肝：肝主疏泄Thelivergovernsfreecoursing(flowingrapidly),(spreadinganddispersing,maintainingsmoothflowofqi.)肝藏血。肝藏血是指肝有貯存血液和調(diào)節(jié)血量的作用。Theliverstoresblood.Theliveriscapableofretainingbloodandregulatingtheamountofbloodinthebody.肝主筋。爪為筋之余。肝，其華在爪。肝開竅于目Thelivergovernsthesinews.Thenailsarethesurplusofthesinews.Itsbloom(brilliance)isthenails.Theliveropensattheeyes.膽汁的化生和排泄，由肝的疏泄功能控制和調(diào)節(jié)。Emotionaldisturbance總結(jié)：肝的主要生理功能是主疏泄和主藏血。肝開竅于目，主筋,其華在爪。在志為怒，在液為淚。肝與膽通過經(jīng)脈的絡(luò)屬關(guān)系而為表里。Throughthe'homing'and'netting'connectionsbetweenthechannelsofthetwoorganso3心心主血脈。Theheartgovernsthebloodand(blood)vessels.心藏神。心開竅于舌。TheheartstoresthespiritTheheartopensintothetongue心，其華在面。TheHeart'sbrilliancemanifestsintheface.Theheart'sbloomisintheface.Thehearthasitsoutwardmanifestationsontheface.心與小腸相表里。Theheartstandsininterior-exteriorrelationshipwiththesmallintestine.(becoupledwith,beinteriorly-exteriorlyrelatedto)總結(jié)：心主血脈，主神志。在志為喜，在液為汗，在體合脈、其華在面，在竅為舌。心與小腸相表里。(在體合脈：全身的血脈都屬于心。Besubordinateto)ThePericardium心包摸3.脾：脾主運化水谷，輸布精微。Thespleengovernsmovement(transportation)andtransformationofgrainandwateranddistributionofitsessence.脾統(tǒng)血。Thespleenmanagestheblood.脾主肌肉和四肢，開竅于口。Thespleengovernsthefleshandlimbs,andopensintothemouth.脾胃為氣血生化之源，后天之本。Thespleenandstomacharesourceofformationofqiandblood,andareregardedasthefoundationofpostnatal(prenatal)existence.胃主受納和腐熟水谷。Thestomachgovernsintakeanddecomposition(digestion)ofgrainandwater.水谷精微Essenceofwaterandgrain脾與胃相為表里。Thespleenandstomachstandininterior-exteriorrelationship.肺主氣，司呼吸，主宣發(fā)肅降，通調(diào)水道。Thelunggovernsqi,performsrespiration,governsdisseminating,cleansinganddescending,andregulatesthewaterways.肺主皮毛。肺合皮毛。肺主一身之表。Thelunggovernstheskinand[body]hair.Thelungisinterrelatedwiththeskinand[body]hair.Thelungisinchargeofthebodysurface.ThebrillianceoftheLungsmanifestsinthebodyhair.肺開竅于鼻。肺與大腸相表里。Thelungopensatthenose.Thelungstandsininterior-exteriorrelationshipwiththelargeintestine總結(jié)：肺的主要生理功能是：主氣、司呼吸，主宣發(fā)肅降，通調(diào)水道，朝百脈而主治節(jié)，以輔佐心臟調(diào)節(jié)氣血的運行。Thelungfacesallthebloodvessels.(Allthebloodmustpassthroughthelung.)Govern,administrate;regulate小腸主泌別清濁;大腸主傳化糟粕。Thesmallintestinegovernsseparationoftheclearandtheturbid;thelargeintestinegovernstransformationandconveyanceofwaste.腎藏精，主生長、發(fā)育和生殖。Thekidneystoresessence(oressentialqi)zandisresponsibleforgrowth,development,andreproduction.(maturation)腎主骨、生髓。Thekidneygovernsthebonesandengendersmarrow.腎主水。Thekidneygovernswater.腎開竅于耳和二陰。其華在發(fā)。Thekidneyopensintotheearsandthetwoyin?anditsbloom(brilliance)isinthehairofthehead.(thetwoprivateparts:theurethraandanus)滋養(yǎng)和濡潤Kidneyyin(trueyin,originalyin)hasamoisteningandno