新教材高中英語Unit4NaturalDisastersSectionⅡDiscoveringUsefulStructures課件新人教版

SectionⅡDiscoveringUsefulStructures走近新課·一起感知語法探究·一起思考隨堂練習(xí)

走近新課·一起感知閱讀下列句子,體會句意1.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.誰笑到最后,誰笑得最甜。2.Hewhomakesnomistakesmakesnothing.從不犯錯的人一事無成。3.Alliswellthatendswell.結(jié)果好就一切都好。4.HewhohasneverbeentotheGreatWallisnotatrueman.不到長城非好漢。

語法探究·一起思考語法精講定語從句(一)一、定語從句以及相關(guān)術(shù)語1.定語從句:在復(fù)合句中,修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫作定語從句。2.先行詞:被定語從句所修飾的詞叫先行詞。3.關(guān)系詞:引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞。關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。關(guān)系代詞通常有that,which,who,whom,whose等;關(guān)系副詞有when,where,why等。4.關(guān)系詞在定語從句中有三大作用:(1)連接作用:連接主句與從句。(2)成分作用:在定語從句中充當(dāng)一個成分。(3)替代作用:替代某一名詞﹑代詞或某一句話。二、關(guān)系代詞的基本用法(1)who指人,在從句中做主語或賓語。TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.正在踢足球的男孩們是一班的。ThatistheteacherwhoteachesusEnglish.那就是教我們英語的老師。(2)whom指人,在定語從句中做賓語,可省略。MrLiuistheperson(whom)youtalkedaboutonthebus.劉先生就是你們在公共汽車上談?wù)摰哪莻€人。記一記·長知識

關(guān)系代詞whom在口語和非正式文體中?？捎脀ho或that來代替,也可省略。The

man

(whom/who/that)

you

met

just

now

is

my

old

friend.你剛才遇見的那個人是我的老朋友。(3)which指物,在定語從句中做主語或賓語,做賓語時?？墒÷?。Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.足球是大多數(shù)男孩喜歡的運動。Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.這就是他昨天買的鋼筆。(5)whose通常指人,也可指物,在定語從句中做定語。Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.他有一個爸爸是醫(yī)生的朋友。Ioncelivedinthehousewhoseroofhasfallen.我曾經(jīng)住在那幢屋頂已經(jīng)坍塌的房子里。記一記·長知識

whose指物時,常可用下列結(jié)構(gòu)來代替:The

classroom

whose

door

is

broken

will

soon

be

repaired.=The

classroom,the

door

of

which

is

broken,will

soon

be

repaired.Do

you

like

the

book

whose

cover

is

yellow?=Do

you

like

the

book

the

cover

of

which

is

yellow?三、指物時用that不用which的情況在限制性定語從句中,指物時that和which?？苫Q。但在下列幾種情況下只能用that。(1)當(dāng)先行詞是everything,anything,nothing,something,all,none,few,little,some等不定代詞時,或當(dāng)先行詞被every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等詞修飾時。ThereislittlethatIcandoforyou.所有能做的都做了。(2)當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾時。ThefirstplacethattheyvisitedinLondonwastheElizabethTower.在倫敦他們參觀的第一個地方是伊麗莎白塔。(3)當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級修飾時。ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.這是我看過的最好的電影。(4)當(dāng)先行詞被thevery,theonly等詞修飾時。Afterthefireinhishouse,theoldcarwastheonlythingthatheowned.家里發(fā)生火災(zāi)后,那輛舊車是他唯一擁有的東西。(5)當(dāng)先行詞前面有who,which等疑問詞時。Whoisthemanthatisstandingbythegate?站在大門口的那個人是誰?WhichistheT-shirtthatfitsmemost?哪件T恤衫最適合我?(6)當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)表語時。Theyarenolongerthementhattheyusedtobe.他們不再是以前那樣的人了。(7)當(dāng)先行詞中既有人又有物時。Theytalkedaboutthethingsandpeoplethattheysawinthatcountry.他們談?wù)撛谀莻€國家見到的人和事。

四、指人時用who不用that的情況(1)當(dāng)先行詞是one,theone,ones,anyone,those等代詞時。Thosewhorespectothersareusuallyrespectedbyothers.尊重別人的人通常會得到別人的尊重。(2)在therebe句型中。Therearemanypeoplewhoareagainsttheplan.許多人反對這個計劃。記一記·長知識

當(dāng)主句是由who開頭的疑問句時,關(guān)系代詞用that。Who

is

the

boy

that

won

the

gold

medal?獲得金牌的男孩是誰?that/whichthat/who/whomwhosethat/whichthat/whichthat/whichwho/thatwho/that隨堂練習(xí)用合適的關(guān)系代詞完成句子1.Theearthquake____________hitthecityin1906wasthebiggestinAmericanhistory.

答案:that/which2.Wedon’tknowthenumberofpeople____________losttheirhomesinthedisaster.

答案:who/that3.Those____________wanttogototheEnglishpartymustbeattheschoolgateby7:30p.m.

答案:who4.Doyouhaveanything___________youdon’tunderstand?答案:that’vereadallthebooks____________youlentme.

答案:that6.Thefirstmuseum____________hevisitedinChinawastheHistoryMuseum.

答案:that7.Doyouknowtheman____________theyaretalkingabout?答案:who/whom/that8.Thefilm____________youarelookingforwardtoseeingwillbeon