Unit+1短語(yǔ)+復(fù)習(xí)+單元測(cè) 仁愛(ài)版英語(yǔ)九年級(jí)上冊(cè)

九上U1短語(yǔ)Unit1TheChangingWorld九年級(jí)上冊(cè)Unit1復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：1.單詞背默2.詞匯拓展3.短語(yǔ)背默4.句型背默5.高頻考點(diǎn)突破單詞背默1.鐘(鈴)聲；鈴，鐘(n.)________2．非洲(n.)________3．在任何時(shí)候，從來(lái)(adv.)________4．自……以后，從……以來(lái)(prep.)從……以后；既然，因?yàn)?conj.)________5．機(jī)器，機(jī)械(n.)________6．進(jìn)步(n.)進(jìn)展；逐步發(fā)展(v.)________7．已經(jīng)，早已(adv.)________8．空閑的；空余的(adj.)________9．在國(guó)外；到國(guó)外(adv.)________10．很可能，大概(adv.)________11．電影院(n.)________12．人口，人數(shù)(n.)________13．(使)增加，(使)增大(v.)________14．實(shí)現(xiàn)；達(dá)到；夠得著；到達(dá)(v.)________15．社會(huì)的；社交的(adj.)________16．政府，內(nèi)閣(n.)________17．提供(東西或機(jī)會(huì))；主動(dòng)提出(v.)________18．當(dāng)?shù)氐模镜氐?adj.)________19．首都；資本(n.)________20．巨大的，極多的(adj.)________21．集市，市場(chǎng)(n.)________22.優(yōu)秀的，杰出的(adj.)________23．街道(區(qū))；(方形平面)大塊(n.)________24．行業(yè)；工業(yè)(n.)________25．計(jì)劃，方案；節(jié)目(n.)________26．秘書(shū)(n.)________27．俱樂(lè)部(n.)________28．工程師，設(shè)計(jì)師(n.)________29．創(chuàng)傷；傷口(n.)傷，傷害(v.)________30．一段時(shí)間，時(shí)期(n.)________31．無(wú)論什么，不管什么；任何事物(pron.)________32．幫助，援助；支持(v.)________33．專題研究；項(xiàng)目；方案(n.)________34．小學(xué)教育的；主要的；最初的(adj.)________35．(美國(guó))大學(xué)；(英國(guó))學(xué)院(n.)________36．方法，辦法(n.)________37．幾乎不(adv.)________38．大量，眾多，充足(pron.)充足，大量(n.)________39．海灘，海濱(n.)________40．排球(n.)________詞匯拓展1.shut(v.)關(guān)閉，關(guān)上→________(過(guò)去式/過(guò)去分詞)→________(現(xiàn)在分詞)2．communication(n.)通訊；交流；交往→________(v.)溝通；交流3．report(n.&v.)報(bào)告；匯報(bào)→________(n.)記者4．relative(n.)親屬，親戚→________(n.)關(guān)系5．satisfy(v.)使?jié)M意，使?jié)M足→________(adj.)滿意的；滿足的→________(n.)滿意；滿足6．medical(adj.)醫(yī)療的；醫(yī)學(xué)的→________(n.)藥；藥品7．rapid(adj.)迅速的，快速的→________(adv.)迅速地，快速地8．hide(v.)躲藏；遮擋；隱瞞→________(過(guò)去式)→________(過(guò)去分詞)→________(現(xiàn)在分詞)9．natural(adj.)天然的；天生的→________(n.)自然10．worse(adj.)更差的，更糟的→________(原級(jí))11．visitor(n.)游客；來(lái)訪者；參觀者→________(v.)拜訪；參觀12．chemistry(n.)化學(xué)；化學(xué)物質(zhì)→________(adj.)化學(xué)的13．manage(v.)完成(困難的事)；能解決(問(wèn)題)→________(n.)管理；經(jīng)營(yíng)手段→________(n.)經(jīng)理；經(jīng)營(yíng)者14．training(n.)訓(xùn)練，培訓(xùn)→________(v.)訓(xùn)練；培訓(xùn)15．basic(adj.)基本的，基礎(chǔ)的→________(n.)基礎(chǔ)16．value(v.)重視，珍視(n.)價(jià)值→________(adj.)貴重的；很有用的；寶貴的17．steal(v.)偷，竊取→________(過(guò)去式)→________(過(guò)去分詞)18．encourage(v.)鼓勵(lì)→________(n.)鼓勵(lì)19．development(n.)發(fā)展；開(kāi)發(fā)→________(adj.)發(fā)展中的→________(v.)發(fā)展；發(fā)育；成長(zhǎng)短語(yǔ)背默1.發(fā)生，進(jìn)行____________2．跟……保持聯(lián)系____________3．改革開(kāi)放_(tái)___________4．取得進(jìn)展，取得進(jìn)步____________5．成功地做了某事____________6．到目前為止____________7．采取措施做某事____________8.幸虧，由于____________9．事實(shí)上，其實(shí)____________10．大量；數(shù)以百萬(wàn)計(jì)____________11．故意，有意地____________12．據(jù)……所說(shuō)，按……所報(bào)道____________13．為……作貢獻(xiàn)____________14．大量的____________句型背默1.Greatchanges________________________thereandmyhometown________________moreandmorebeautiful.那里發(fā)生了很多變化，我的家鄉(xiāng)變得越來(lái)越美了。2．—Where________you________，Jane？你去了哪里，簡(jiǎn)？—I________________________MountHuangwithmyparents.我和我的父母去了黃山。3．She________________________Cubatobeavolunteerandshewillbebacktomorrow.她去古巴當(dāng)志愿者了，明天回來(lái)。4．You________________________NewYorkforalongtime.你在紐約已經(jīng)很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。高頻考點(diǎn)突破考點(diǎn)1IhavebeentoMountHuangwithmyparents.我和父母去過(guò)黃山。(1)havebeento意為“曾經(jīng)去過(guò)某地”，現(xiàn)在人已經(jīng)不在那里了。后面常使用表示次數(shù)的副詞如once(一次),twice(兩次)等。(2)havegoneto意為“去了某地”，可能在去/回的路上，也可能仍在該地，總之人不在說(shuō)話的地點(diǎn)。(3)havebeenin意為“在某地待多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”，常與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。1．我父母從來(lái)沒(méi)有去過(guò)北京。(完成譯句)Myparents________________________________Beijing.考點(diǎn)2Greatchangeshavetakenplacethereandmyhometownhasbecomemoreandmorebeautiful.那兒已經(jīng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化，并且我的家鄉(xiāng)已經(jīng)變得越來(lái)越漂亮。takeplace意為“發(fā)生”，指有計(jì)劃或事先安排的“發(fā)生”，沒(méi)有被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。sth.＋happenstosb.意為“某人發(fā)生了某事”。sth.＋happens＋地點(diǎn)/時(shí)間，意為“某地/某時(shí)間發(fā)生了某事”。happentodosth.意為“碰巧做某事”。1．近幾年，我的家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。(完成譯句)Greatchanges________________________inmyhometownintherecentyears.考點(diǎn)3ThoughIhadnotimetotravel,Istillfeltveryhappy.盡管我沒(méi)有時(shí)間旅行，我依然覺(jué)得很快樂(lè)。(1)though和although是同義詞，都表示“雖然，盡管”，在英語(yǔ)的復(fù)合句中引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。(2)though和although不能和but連用。類似的用法是because和so。也就是二者只選其一。1.________WangYuanhasbeenafamousstar,hestillworkshardatschool.A．Because B．ThoughC．If D．When2．________itwasverylate,________theystillwentonworking.A．Because;so B．Because;/C．Although;but D．Although;/考點(diǎn)4Fewchildrenhadthechancetoreceiveagoodeducation.很少有孩子能夠有機(jī)會(huì)得到良好的教育。receive“收到；接到”的意思，指客觀上收到某物，不包含本身是否愿意接受，而accept則強(qiáng)調(diào)經(jīng)過(guò)考慮，由主觀意志決定接受。1.He________aletterfromhisoldfriendlastweek.It'soneofhisclassmates.A．heard B．receivedC．a(chǎn)ccepted D．except2．He________abirthdaypresentfromhisfriend,buthedidn't________it.A．received;receive B．a(chǎn)ccepted;acceptC．a(chǎn)ccepted;receive D．received;accept考點(diǎn)5Fewchildrenhadthechancetoreceiveagoodeducation.很少有孩子能夠有機(jī)會(huì)得到良好的教育。few后接可數(shù)名詞，表示否定，意為“很少，幾乎沒(méi)有”。afew后接可數(shù)名詞，表示肯定，意為“有一些，有幾個(gè)”。little后接不可數(shù)名詞，表示否定，意為“很少，幾乎沒(méi)有”。alittle后接不可數(shù)名詞，表示肯定，意為“有一些，有點(diǎn)”。1.Heisnewintheschool,sohehas________friendshere.A．little B．fewC．a(chǎn)few D．a(chǎn)little2．Dear,thereis________breadinthefridge.Canyougotobuysomefordinner?A．little B．a(chǎn)littleC．few D．a(chǎn)few考點(diǎn)6Peoplekeptintouchwiththeirfriendsandrelativesfarawaymainlybyletterortelegram.人們和遠(yuǎn)方的親朋好友保持聯(lián)系主要通過(guò)信件或者是電報(bào)。()1.—HowdoyoustudyEnglishinyoursparetime?—Usually________watchingEnglishmovies.A．fromB．withC．by D．on()2．—Mum,canIgotomyfriend'sparty?—Yes,butyoumustbeback________10：00.A．inB．withC．for D．by考點(diǎn)7I'veneverbeentherebefore,butIdon'twanttogothereanymore.以前我從未去過(guò)那里，可是我再也不想去那里了。(1)never意為“從來(lái)不，絕不”，本身表示否定，用在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中助動(dòng)詞have或has的后面。(2)ever意為“曾經(jīng)；在任何時(shí)候”，表示肯定，用在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中助動(dòng)詞have或has的后面。(3)already意為“已經(jīng)”，用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的肯定句，位于句中或句末。(4)yet多用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句，在否定句中意為“還”，在疑問(wèn)句中意為“已經(jīng)”。一般放在句末。1．王老師已經(jīng)從北京回來(lái)了。(完成譯句)MrWang________________beenbackfromBeijing.2．Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.(改為否定句)I________finishedmyhomework________.考點(diǎn)8What'sthepopulationoftheUSA?美國(guó)的人口是多少？(1)表示人口的多少要用large/big或small來(lái)修飾population。(2)表示某個(gè)國(guó)家/地區(qū)/城市有多少人口時(shí)，用“...hasapopulationof＋數(shù)字”。(3)對(duì)人口數(shù)量來(lái)提問(wèn)要用what或howlarge，不能使用howmany。(4)population單獨(dú)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)。1．Whichcountryhas________populationintheworld,doyouknow?A．more B．themostC．thelargest D．thelarger2．北京有一千三百萬(wàn)人口。(完成譯句)Beijing________________________________13million.考點(diǎn)9Chinahasthelargestpopulationintheworld,andaboutonefifthofthepeopleintheworldliveinChina.中國(guó)是世界上人口最多的國(guó)家，而且世界上大約五分之一的人生活在中國(guó)。分?jǐn)?shù)和百分?jǐn)?shù)的表示1．Accordingtoasurvey,fouroutoffivewomendohouseworkathome,butonly________ofmenwoulddoit.A．fourfifth B．fourfifths C．twofifth D．twofifths2．—NowadaysChinahasabout25,000kilometersofhigh-speedrailways.—That's________oftheworld'stotal.A．twothird B．two-thirdC．twothirds D．twothree隨堂練習(xí)一．用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。1．Shelaydownonherbedand(shut)hereyes.2．Tohavebetter(communicate),weshouldoftenlistentomoreopinions.3．Iam(satisfy)withtheresultoftheexaminationnow.4．Ifinallymanaged(push)thehugeanimalaway.5．Onhertwelfthbirthday,shereceiveda(value)presentfromheraunt.6．Hisfatheralwaysencourageshim(face)thefailurebravely.7．Iwanttobea(report)whenIgrowup.8．Boysbrokeintoashopand(steal)45dollars.9．With(encourage),Sallyisstartingtoplaywiththeotherchildren.10．TimesSquareattractsmorethan30million_(visit)everyyear.11.Youarethetimetryingtoexplainittohim.(waste)12.Theexhaustfumes(廢氣)ourcitysincefiveyearsago.(pollute)13.Iaskedhonifhewouldhelpmeandhe.(nod)14.Theyhadannevertotalkaboutworkathome.(agree)15.Shebegantoexplainherplanofactiontothegroup.(act)16.Daviddidthanhisbrotherinthemathtest.(bad)17.Ourcityhasdevelopedsincethe1980s.(rapid)18.Themuseumreceivesabout1,000aday.(visit)19.Theboyhidbehindthedoorbeforehismothercamein.(he)20.Ifourpopulationcontinues,itwillcausealotofproblems.(increase)二．單項(xiàng)選擇（）1．Inthepastthreeyears,I'velearnedalot________myteacher'shelp.A．by B．with C．in D．under（）2．—Thereusedtobeaquitepoorvillage,butyousee,therearesomanytallbuildingsnow.—Yes,great________havetakenplacethere.A．chances B．changes C．choices D．competitions（）3．—Hello,thisisLilyspeaking.CouldIspeaktoMrBlack?—Sorry,heisn'tin.He________theBinjiangPark.A．wentto B．hasbeento C．hasgoneto D．willgoto（）4．—Whichcountryhasthe________populationintheworld?—China.A．smallest B．most C．largest D．large（）5．There________manytreesinthisforest,butnowmostofthemhavedisappeared.A．a(chǎn)reusedtobe B．isusedto C．usedtohave D．usedtobe（）6．—WhendidtheteatradefromChinatowesterncountries________？—Inthe19thcentury.A．takeoff B．takeout C．takeup D．takeplace（）7.________visitorscometoChongqingtotakecablecars(纜車)duringthevacationbecauseChongqinghasbecomeapopulardestinationontheInternet(網(wǎng)紅城市)now.A．Hundred B．Hundreds C．Hundredof D．Hundredsof（）8．Overthelast40years,China________alot.A．develops B．hasdeveloped C．isdeveloping D．developed（）9．—IwenttoJianchuanMuseumyesterday.—________.ButIdidn'tseeyouthere.A．SodoI B．SodidI C．NeitherdoI D．NeitherdidI（）10．—CanyoucatchwhatIsaidjustnow?—Sorry.Ican________understanditbecauseyouspoketoofast.almost B．probably C．mostly D．Hardly（）11.________ofthestudentsinthisclass________boys.Threefifths;isB.Threefifths;areC.Thirdfifths;isD.Thirdfifths;are（）12.Doyouknow________thepopulationofyourvillage?A.whatB.howC.whatsizeD.howmany（）13.Thewaterpollutionhereisserious.Thegovernmentshould________toimproveit.A.takeplaceB.takeoffC.takemeasuresD.takecareof三．完形填空Asweallknow,theenvironmentaroundusisgettingworseandworse.Insomeplaceswecan'tseefish1theriverortreesonthehills.Somepeopleevenhavenocleanwatertodrink.Recently,anewlifestylecalledlowcarbon(低碳)lifeisspreadingeverycornerofourcountry.Themeaningsoflowcarbonare2energyandnowaste.ItissuchanimportantprojectthatIcan'twaittoexpressmyideasonhowtopromoteit.First,weshouldset3ano-cardayeveryweekinourschool.Becausecarsnotonlycauseseriousairpollutionbutalsowasteenergy.4theno-carday,neitherstudents5teachersareallowedtodrivetoschool.Atthesametime,justwalkorrun.Useourlegsandenjoythefun.Second,wehadbetternotuseplasticbags6.Noonecanstandthe“whitepollution”,7itiswisetouseclothbagswhichcanbeusedagainandagain.8,onethingthatweshouldkeepinmindisthateverybigthingcomesfromthesmalldetails.So,asstudents,weoughttoturn9thelightsthemomentweleave,use10sidesofthepaper,andreuseourtextbooksandsoon.Allinall,itweighsgreatlyforallofustoputthelowcarbonlifestyleintopractice.Justsetourmindtothese:no-cardays,noplasticbags,andnowaste.Let'sdoitnow.（）1.A.swimsB.swimmingC.toswimD.swam（）2.A.belowB.highC.aboveD.low（）3.A.setoffB.setupC.putonD.putdown（）4.A.InB.AtC.OnD.With（）5.A.norB.orC.bothD.and（）6.A.anymoreB.nomoreC.nolongerD.never（）7.A.becauseB.soC.butD.although（）8.A.FinallyB.3rdC.4thD.5th（）9.A.upB.downC.onD.off（）10.A.bothB.eachC.everyD.all四、七選五Dr.rJackTodisveryinterestedincleaningwater,.1.Soit'snaturalthatheistodevelopasmallandaffordablesystem(系統(tǒng))tocleanwestwater,.His“LivingMachine”cancleanwastewaterinyourhomeorinyourbusiness.2.Thewastewatergoesintoabigplastictankwherebacteria(細(xì)菌)starttobreakdownthewaste.Afewdayslaterafteritisdealtwith,thewaterisbroughtintoagreen-housefilledwithplantsandfish.3,theplantsandanimalsremove(去掉)morechemicalsfromthewater,makingitcleaner.Thenthewatercanbereusedforwashingorbathing.4,butthewateriscleanenoughforwateringtheflower,washingthedog,orevenforbathingorswimming.Theadvantageofthistechnologyisthataffordableandgoodfortheenvironment.5,itcanhelptouselessfreshwater,anditcanhelpthewatersupplyunpolluted.A.Ifenoughhomesandbusinessesuse“LivingMachines”A.Ifenoughhomesandbusinessesuse“LivingMachines”B.WaterisimportantforusC.Butiftimeisgoneaway,itwillneverreturnD.ItcannotbeusedfordrinkingorcookingE.The“LivingMachines”isasystemforcleaningwastewaterF.WiththehelpofsunlightG.Heisalsointerestedinsavingmoney2.3.4.5.五、固定搭配將下列句中的漢語(yǔ)部分翻譯成英文，注意使用適當(dāng)?shù)男问健?.ThevolleyballmatchwillanextSunday.(進(jìn)行)2.Don’tworry.Ihavegottime.(大量的)3.Jimwantstohishometowninthefuture.(為做貢獻(xiàn))4.，everythingischangingforthebetter.(事實(shí)上)5.thesurvey,mostboyslikefootball.(按所報(bào)道)6.Chinaistryingtosolveproblems.(空氣污染)7.,thefactorymakealotofnoise.(更糟的是)8.Don’tthrowtherubbish.(到處)9.Heseldomexercise..heisnotingoodhealth.(結(jié)果)10.Wecansortwastepaperandsoftcanstheycanberecycled.(為了）五、書(shū)面表達(dá)1.假如你叫李軍，你家于2017年被列為“精準(zhǔn)扶貧”的幫扶對(duì)象，在政府兩年的幫扶下，你家變化巨大。時(shí)值學(xué)校校報(bào)舉辦“家的變化”主題征文活動(dòng)，請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)，用英語(yǔ)寫一篇短文，參加本次活動(dòng)。詞數(shù)80左右。內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)：過(guò)去1.家庭貧困，房屋破舊。2．母親生病，為母擔(dān)憂，成績(jī)下滑。現(xiàn)在1.住進(jìn)新房，母親康復(fù)，學(xué)習(xí)進(jìn)步。2．生活日趨改善。注意事項(xiàng)：1．意思清楚，表達(dá)通順，行文連貫，書(shū)寫規(guī)范；2．請(qǐng)勿在文中使用真實(shí)的姓名、校名及地名。MynameisLiJun.Thankstothegovernment,myfamilyhaschangedalotinthelasttwoyears.Myfamilyusedtobeverypoorandwelivedinanoldandbrokenhouse.What'smore,mymotherwasn'tingoodhealthandsheoftenfellill.Iwasworriedaboutherallthetime,somygradesdropped.However,withthehelpofthegovernment,wehavemovedintoanewhouse.Toourjoy,mymotherhasbecomebetter.Asforme,Ihavemadegreatprogressatschoolbecauseofmyhardwork.Allinall,ourlifehasgraduallyimprove.2.以“HowtoProtectOurEnvironment”為題寫一篇短文。內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)：1.環(huán)境污染日趨嚴(yán)重，白色污染隨處可見(jiàn)。2.最近幾年來(lái)在中國(guó)許多地區(qū)出現(xiàn)了霧霾天氣(hazyweather)。3.建議大家盡量不要自己開(kāi)車，而是坐公交車或地鐵外出。阻止工廠把廢棄物排入河中，減少水污染。4.我們不應(yīng)該使用一次性(disposable)盤子，碗。5.我們應(yīng)該...注意：1.文章必須包括所給內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)，要求語(yǔ)句通順，意思連貫。2.第五要點(diǎn)需用2到3句話做適當(dāng)發(fā)揮。3.詞數(shù)80左右。HowtoProtectOurEnvironmentTheenvironmentpollutionisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.Wecanseewhitepollutioneverywhere.TherehasbeenhazyweatherinmanypartsofChinainrecentyears.Isuggestthatweshouldtrytotakeabusoranundergroundinsteadofdrivingbyourselves.Weshouldpreventfactoriesfromdumpingthewasteintoriverstoreducewaterpollution.Weshouldn'tusedisposableplates,bowlsandsoon.Weshouldplantmoretreesandgrowgrasstopreventit.Weshouldalsopreventpeoplefromcuttingdowntoomanytrees.Ifwetryourbest,theenvironmentwillbebetterandbetter.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)【概念引入】欣賞含有現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的名言：Lifehastaughtmetothink,butthinkinghasnottaughtmetolive.生活教會(huì)了我思考，但思考卻沒(méi)有教會(huì)我生活。Wintermustbecoldforthosewithnowarmmemories.Wehavealreadymissedthespring.對(duì)于那些沒(méi)有溫馨回憶的人們來(lái)說(shuō)，冬天一定很冷。我們已經(jīng)錯(cuò)過(guò)春天了。Naturehasgivenustheseedsofknowledge,butnotknowledgeitself.在自然賦予我們知識(shí)的種子，而非知識(shí)本身?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)是：助動(dòng)詞have（has）+過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成的。Ihavefinishedmyhomework.我已經(jīng)完成了作業(yè)?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定句：是在助動(dòng)詞have(has)的后面加not構(gòu)成。Ihaven’tseenthefilmsofar.到目前為止，我還沒(méi)有看那部電影?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句：是把助動(dòng)詞have(has)提到句子主語(yǔ)的前面。Haveyouseenthefilmyet?你看過(guò)那部電影了嗎？【用法講解】一、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的定義及用法（1）表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。Ihavejustcleanedmyclothes.我剛洗過(guò)衣服。（“洗衣服”是發(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作，對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是“衣服干凈了”）Haveyoureadthatstory？你讀過(guò)那個(gè)故事嗎？（“讀”這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響是：是否知道故事的內(nèi)容。）在學(xué)習(xí)這一概念的同時(shí)，還應(yīng)注意常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的幾個(gè)副詞：already，just，ever，yet，never等。already，just多用于肯定句中，ever，yet，never多用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句中。Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.我已經(jīng)做完家庭作業(yè)了。Hehasjusthadhismeal.他剛吃過(guò)飯。HaveyoueversungthisEnglishsong？你曾唱過(guò)這首英文歌嗎？Theyhaven’tstartedyet．他們還沒(méi)有動(dòng)身。Wehaveneverheardofit．我們從來(lái)沒(méi)有聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)這件事。二、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的定義及用法（2）表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，也可以表示實(shí)質(zhì)可能繼續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。這時(shí)往往與表示一段的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。Ihavebeenhereforjustovertwoyears.我到這里才兩年多。Hehasworkedheresince1989.從1989年，他就在這里工作。1）因?yàn)楸硎镜氖浅掷m(xù)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，所以使用的動(dòng)詞通常是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞：be,stay,study,wait,keep,have等。2）使用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)通常由for或since引導(dǎo)，但二者后接的詞有所不同：for后常跟一個(gè)時(shí)間段，指某個(gè)動(dòng)作到現(xiàn)在為止已持續(xù)了多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。如：forthreeyears,forhalfanhour等。since作介詞，后面可以接一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)，如since1980，也可以接“一段時(shí)間+ago”,如:sincethreeyearsago,sincetwomonthsago等。since還可用作連詞，引導(dǎo)一個(gè)過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。如：Wehaveknowneachothersincewewenttocollege.自從我們上大學(xué)我們就彼此認(rèn)識(shí)了。3）非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞不能直接和for或since連用，但我們可以找一個(gè)相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)來(lái)替換這些非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。如:come→be,cometo→bein/at,goout→beout,leave→beaway,begin→beon,stop→beover，buy→have,borrow→keep,open→beopen,close→beclosed,join→beamemberof,die→bedead,catchacold→haveacold,gettoknow→know,becomeateacher→beateacher,fallasleep→beasleep,fallill→beill等。三、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別及聯(lián)系：1）都表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事；2）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去和現(xiàn)在的聯(lián)系，不能和具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用；3）一般過(guò)去時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事或狀態(tài)與表示過(guò)去的具體時(shí)間連用（last,ago,yesterday,etc.）。Hehadhisbreakfastat6:00.（一般過(guò)去時(shí)）他六點(diǎn)鐘吃的早飯。Hehashadhisbreakfast.（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）他吃過(guò)早飯了。四、havegoneto，havebeento與havebeenin的用法比較have/hasgoneto:已經(jīng)去了或在途中，還沒(méi)有返回；have/hasbeento:曾經(jīng)去過(guò)某地，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來(lái)了,后面可接表示“次數(shù)”的狀語(yǔ);have/hasbeenin:表示某人“已在某地停留一段時(shí)間，現(xiàn)仍在那里”，其后常帶表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)。TheyhavegonetoEngland,andtheywillgobacknextweek.他們?nèi)ビ?guó)了，下周回來(lái)。Mr.GreenhasbeeninChinaformanyyears.格林先生在中國(guó)呆過(guò)好多年了。MissBrownhasbeentoJapantwice.布朗小姐到日本去過(guò)兩次。五、重點(diǎn)句型:

Itis/hasbeen+段時(shí)間+since從句

段時(shí)間+haspassed+since從句舉例：他死了兩年了。（可用多種句式表達(dá)）Hediedtwoyearsago.Hehasbeendeadfortwoyears/sincetwoyearsagoItis/hasbeentwoyearssincehedied.Twoyearshaspassedsincehedied.練習(xí)I.單項(xiàng)選擇。()1．She__________Englishfor3years．A．studiedB．studiesC．hasstudiedD．isstudied()2．She_________upatsixeverymorning．A．getsB．gotC．isgettingD．willget()3．—WhereisLucy？—She_____________toNewYork．A.goesB．hasbeenC．hasgoneD．havegone()4．Iheardtheboy__________intheclassroomjustnow．A．toshoutB．shoutingC．shoutsD．shouted()5．MrZhang__________inBeijingsince1990.A．workB．worksC．worked