消防知識培訓課件

FIRELIFESAFETYKNOWLEDGE消防知識

第1頁Significance&PrinciplesofFireControl

消防意義及工作方針DangersofFireDisaster

火災危害

BasicKnowledgeofFireControl

消防基礎防火知識3Need-to-Know&4How-to-DoforFireControl

消防三懂四會Objective目標第2頁OurMission我們使命ToCreateaSafeandPeacefulEnvironment致力營造一個安全祥和環(huán)境第3頁

SignificanceandPrinciplesofFireControl

消防意義和工作方針第4頁ActivitiesofFirePreventionandFire-Fighting防火災和撲救火災社會活動SignificanceofFireLifeSafety

消防意義第5頁

PrinciplesofFireLifeSafety

消防工作方針PreventionFirstCombinePreventionwithFire-Fighting預防為主，防消結合第6頁Afireout-of-controlcausesdamagetolifeandproperties.在時間和空間上失去控制，并對人身和財物造成損害燃燒現象。FireDisaster

火災

第7頁ThreeKeyElementsforBurning

燃燒三個要素SourceofIgnition點火源Combustible(FlammableItems)可燃物Comburent(Oxygen)助燃物第8頁ClassificationofFireDisaster火災分類A: Causedbysolidse.g.paper,wood,etc.

固體物質火災B：Causedbyliquidandmeltablesolidse.g.petrol, etc.

指液體火災和可熔化固體物質災C：Causedbygas

指氣體火災D：Causedbymetalse.g.flammablematerials

指金屬火災第9頁DangersofFireDisaster

火災危害第10頁Firedisastercouldendangerthelivesofguestsandemployeesofthehotel火災會危及客人和員工生命及企業(yè)財產安全Firecouldcauseseriouseconomicloss火災會造成嚴重經濟損失Firecoulddoharmtoourbusinessandreputation火災會使我們生意和聲譽受到損害第11頁a)四多一大5PotentialProblemsb)煙囪效應StackEffectc)疏散困難DifficulttoEvacuated)撲救困難DifficultforrescuetasksandputtingoutthefireWhyishigh-risemoredangerousincaseoffire?

為何高層建筑火災危害大？第12頁TwoCausestoDeathinFireDisaster火災中兩大殺手PANIC驚慌失措第13頁SMOKE煙霧第14頁FlammableItemsinaHotel

酒店內易燃物品Furniture家俱Linen布草Paper紙張PlasticProduct塑料用具Alcohol酒精Gas煤氣Oil油類等第15頁SourceofIgnition

輕易引發(fā)火災火源SourceofIgnition

點火源FireTemperature火源溫度（℃）CigaretteSparks煙頭中心700－800℃CigaretteButts煙頭表面200－300℃MatchesFlame火柴焰500－650℃MetalSparks機械火星1200℃ElectricWelding電焊、焊割－3000℃第16頁CigaretteButts煙頭GasStove爐火Matches火柴焰MetalSparks機械火星ElectricHeatingDevice電熱裝置ElectricSparks電火花ElectricWelding電焊、焊割火星PleasePaySpecialAttentionto第17頁BasicKnowledgeofFire-Fighting消防基礎防火知識第18頁AutomaticFireAlarmSystem自動消防報警系統(tǒng)TheCompositionofFire-FightingSystem消防系統(tǒng)組成第19頁FireWaterSupplySystem(AutomaticSprinklerandFireHydrant)消防給水系統(tǒng)(自動噴淋花灑和消火栓)SmokeExtractionSystem&AirSupplySystem排煙、送風系統(tǒng)

EmergencyEvacuationBroadcastSystem事故緊急疏散廣播系統(tǒng)GasLeakageAlarmSystem煤氣泄漏報警系統(tǒng)SoundandLightAlarmSystem聲光報警系統(tǒng)第20頁FirePrevention–Cigarettes防火--煙頭Nosmokinginflammableandexplosivematerialstorerooms,andothernon-smokingareas

禁止在易燃易爆、物質倉庫和其它禁煙區(qū)內吸煙Don’tsmokeinbedoronsofa

糾正不良吸煙習慣，如：不準躺在床上或沙發(fā)上吸煙Don’tlittercigarettebuttsandusedmatches

不準亂丟煙頭和火柴梗Checkifanyburningcigarettebuttswhenclearingrubbish-bin.

在清理垃圾時，要注意檢驗垃圾中有沒有燃著煙頭第21頁FirePrevention--FirecausedbyElectricity防火--電氣火災DefectiveConstruction

橫蠻施工UseofInferiorMaterials

使用劣質材料WeakSafetyConsciousness

安全意識淡薄UnsafeElectricityUsage

違章用電

ElectricalShortCircuit電氣短路OverloadedUsage過負載UnstablePowerSocket接觸不良LightningStrike雷擊Electro-StaticDischarge

靜電放電

第22頁GuestroomFirePrevention

客房防火要求FireRetardantFinishingMaterial裝飾材料CorrectElectricalEquipmentPowerSupply電器Fire&SafetyProcedureGuide安全指南PromotePublicFirePreventionConsciousness向客人宣傳防火AttendantsToKeepaSharpVigilance服務員保持高度警覺第23頁ThreeNeed-to-Know&FourHow-to-Do“三懂四會”第24頁ThreeNeed-to-Know“三懂”Befamiliarwithfireriskatworkstation知道本崗位生產過程火災危險性Knowthepreventivemeasures知道火災預防辦法Knowhowtoextinguishafire知道撲救火災方法第25頁HowtoReportaFire會報警HowtoExtinguishtheFirefromthebeginning會撲救初起火災HowtoEvacuatethePeople會疏散HowtoEscape會逃生FourHow-to-Do“四會”第26頁HowtoReportaFire會報警CalltheCCTVimmediatelyincaseoffireinthehotel.Madeclearoffirelocationandcondition,youridentityandcontacttelephonenumber在酒店區(qū)域內，任何員工發(fā)覺火情應就近撥打監(jiān)控中心電話，報警語言要清楚，講清火警位置、火情、自己身份及聯絡電話Ifyoucan’tfindaphone,activatethenearestfirealarmbutton找不到電話時應就近找到消防栓或擊碎玻璃按鈕報警IntheeventtheGMorIncidentCommanderconfirmedthatthefireisoutofcontroloftheVoluntaryFireBrigade,theCCTVorOperatorwillbeauthorizedtocall119“119”火警報警電話，需由“火災”現場總指揮或總經理確認火勢已超出了義務消防隊控制范圍，授權CCTV或總機撥打第27頁HowtoExtinguishtheFirefromtheBeginning會撲滅初起火災Youhaveagoodchancetoputoutthefirewithin3-5minutesafterfindingit.Thefireissmallattheinitialtimewithlesssmokeandthevisibilityisnotasbadyet.最正確滅火時刻為發(fā)覺起火時3-5分鐘內。燃燒早期火勢較小，煙霧少，能見度好。第28頁SeveralCommonFireExtinguishers常見幾個滅火器CarbonDioxideFireExtinguisher二氧化碳滅火器ABCDryPowderFireExtinguisher(PortableReservoirPressureorTrolleyType)ABC干粉滅火器(手提貯壓或推車式)FoamFireExtinguisher泡沫滅火器第29頁DirectiononExtinguisherUsage滅火器使用方法ABCDryPowderFireExtinguisherABC干粉滅火器Taketheextinguisheroutofthefireextinguishercabinet,checkthepressgauge從滅火器箱內取出滅火器，檢驗滅火器壓力表Pulloffthesafetybolt.Holdthesprayhoseinonehandandpressthereleasehandlewiththeotherhand.Holdontothereleasehandleoritwillstopspraying.拉掉鉛封，拔下保險銷，一手握住噴射軟管前端噴嘴部，一手將開啟壓把壓下。(注意：不要放開，不然會中止噴射)Targettherootoffireflamesatadistanceof3.5morsprayintheupwinddirectioninoutdoorareas.在距離燃燒處3.5米左右，如在室外，就選擇在上風方向噴射。當干粉噴出后，對準火焰根部掃射第30頁Whenusing,payattentionto使用滅火器注意事項Checkifthesafetyboltisbroken

保險裝置已被破壞Checkifthepressureindicatorintheredareaortheextinguisher’sweightreducedalot

壓力指示器指示在紅區(qū)，或壓力指示器指示在綠區(qū)但滅火器重量有顯著減輕Checkifthepressureindicatorworks

壓力指示器已損壞Checkiftheextinguisherbodyisdamagedbadly

筒體有磕傷、劃傷、嚴重腐蝕或其它零部件有嚴重缺點Checkifthereisadateonthemaintenancemark

維修后標志上無維修日期第31頁Whattodowhenafirebreaksout發(fā)生火警時正確處理法ReporttotheCCTVimmediatelyifyoufindopenflameorburntsmell.Oractivatethenearestfirealarm.(Statethefollowinginformationinthephone:detailsonfirelocationandcondition,yourname,departmentandextension)

當發(fā)覺明火時或聞到焦味時第一時間匯報酒店消防中心報警或打壞身邊報警玻璃。(電話通知時須說明：火警發(fā)生詳細地點、火勢情況、自己姓名、部門、分機)

Ifthefireissmallandundercontrol,trytoputitoutwiththeproperextinguishersnearby.

確定自己是否能夠控制火情，假如火勢較小，利用就近適當滅火器進行早期滅火第32頁Ifthefireisoutofcontrol,stayinthesafetyareanearbyuntiltherescuearrived假如火勢失去控制，留駐于火勢不致蔓延最近安全范圍內，等待救援人員抵達ExplainthefireconditiontotheIncidentCommander向義務消防隊現場指揮說明當初火情情況Helptheguestsevacuatetothedesignatedcollectionvenueifyouarenotappointedtofightagainstthefire.假如沒有指定滅火任務，幫助客人抵達集合點Evacuatetothedesignatedcollectionvenue.撤離到集合地點Whattodowhenafirebreaksout發(fā)生火警時正確處理法第33頁FourMethodsofFireExtinguishing滅火四種方法CoolingMethod冷卻法IsolationMethod隔離法SmotheringMethod窒息法InhibitionMethod抑制法第34頁HowtoEvacuate會疏散Comparedtothehotelguests,thestaffaremorefamiliarwiththeenvironmentandevacuationroutes.Theemployeeshavetheresponsibilitytoevacuatethegueststoasafeplaceincaseoffire全部員工相比客人愈加熟悉本酒店環(huán)境和疏散通道，當發(fā)生火警時，我們員工有責任率領客人疏散到安全地方Everyemployeemustbefamiliarwithallthefireevacuationroutesinthehotel全部員工必須熟悉酒店內全部消防疏散通道AllemployeestoreadthehotelEmergencyEvacuationprocedurefordetails.詳見酒店緊急疏散程序第35頁HowtoEscape會逃生Befamiliarwiththeenvironmentandtheexits

熟悉環(huán)境、暗記出口Calmdownandfindtherightdirection

保持鎮(zhèn)靜、明辨方向Don’tputyourselfindangeranddon’tclingtoyourproperty

不入險境、不貪財物Obtainrelevantprotectionandcoveryournosewhilecrawling

簡易防護、蒙鼻匍匐

第36頁Takethestairs.Don’tusethelifts

善用通道，莫入電梯Findasafeplaceandwaitforrescue

避難場所、固守待援Don’trunincaseyouareonfire

火已及身、切勿驚跑Fromadangerousheight,waveorshouttocatchattentiontoseekhelp

緩晃輕拋、尋求援助Atasafeheight,jumpifithascometoastagetosurvive

跳樓有術、雖損求生

HowtoEscape會逃生第37頁PrinciplesofFireEscape火場逃生標準Ensuresafetyandevacuatequickly

確保安全，快速撤離Takethewholesituationintoconsideration.Rescueandassistwithrescue

顧全大局，救助結合Self-rescuecombinedwitheliminatingthedanger

自救與消除險情相結合

第38頁

ComprehensiveCheck綜合檢驗

SpecialCheck專題檢驗

GeneralCheck普遍檢驗

KeyCheck重點檢驗

SamplingCheck抽樣檢驗

SupervisoryChecks監(jiān)督性檢驗Inspection,Rect