中考英語復(fù)習(xí)之非謂語動詞詳解與練習(xí)

初中英語考試復(fù)習(xí)之非謂語動詞詳解與練習(xí)非謂語動詞做定語，看該詞(即修飾詞)和被修飾詞之間的關(guān)系非謂語動詞做狀語，看該詞與句中主語的關(guān)系非謂語動詞做賓補，看賓語與該詞（即賓補）之間的關(guān)系Everyonewaspresentatthemeetingheld(hold)yesterday.(被動，發(fā)生了的)Everyoneispresentatthemeetingbeingheld(hold)now.(被動，正在發(fā)生的)Everyoneisrequiredtobepresentatthemeetingtobeheld(hold)tomorrow.(被動，要發(fā)生的)注意：表示“要、該、可”，做定語Wehavealotofworktodo.Thereisalotofwork(forus)todo.對比：Ihavesomethingtobuyatthesupermarket.I’mgoingtothesupermarket.Doyouhaveanythingtobebought?Igivethechildrensomebookstoread.Heheardsomebodycallhisname.(省去“to”的動詞不定式做賓補，強調(diào)動作全過程)Heheardhisnamecalled(call).(被動，發(fā)生了)Heheardsomebodycallinghisname.(用動詞-ing形式，強調(diào)動作正在進行)Heheardhisnamebeingcalled(call).(被動，正在發(fā)生)非謂語動詞做狀語，三步判斷法第一步根據(jù)句意判斷狀語的類型，區(qū)分不定式和分詞形式（包括-ing和-ed）不定式做目的狀語Sheworkedlateintothenighttoprepare(prepare)alongspeech.=Topreparealongspeech,sheworkedlateintothenight.Sheworkedlateintothenight,preparing(prepare)alongspeech.伴隨狀語注意：不定式做目的狀語，位于句首時，通常后接“，”但放在后面時，其前面不用用“，”除非有插入語用在表示“情緒、情感”的形容詞后，表示引起該情緒、情感的起因。I’mgladtoseeyou.注意：Iamhonoredtogiveaspeechhere.(演講開始時)Iamhonoredtohavegiventhespeechhere.(演講結(jié)束時)Beingcurious,hesteppedintotherestaurant.=Becausehewascurious,hesteppedintotherestaurant.用在too…to…,enoughto…,so…asto…結(jié)構(gòu)中，表示結(jié)果Shewastoocarelesstofindhermistakes.=Shewassocarelessthatshecouldn’tfindhermistakes.=Shewassocarelessastofailtofindhermistakes.表示出乎意料的結(jié)果，翻譯為“結(jié)果卻”Theyarrivedatthestationoutofbreath,onlytofind/tobetold(find/tell)thelasttrainhadgone.對比:必然的結(jié)果，用-ing，可以轉(zhuǎn)換為非限制性定語從句Theteacherappliesmulti-mediatechniquestoherclasses,____________(make)everystudentfullyengaged.Theteacherappliesmulti-mediatechniquestoherclasses,whichmakeseverystudentfullyengaged.第二步排除不定式之后，判斷與句中主語的邏輯關(guān)系是主動還是被動。若是主動關(guān)系，用-ing；若是被動關(guān)系，用-ed。第三步根據(jù)主被動關(guān)系，排除-ed形式后，需要判斷該動詞與句中謂語動詞的先后關(guān)系。如果強調(diào)先于謂語動詞的話，則需要采用havingdone形式Havingwaited(wait)inlineforhalfanhour,shesuddenlyrealizedthatshehadleftherwalletathome.補充做定語We’llsit/takeanimportantexaminationinthecoming(come)week.We’llsit/takeanimportantexaminationintheweektocome(come).表示“未來的、要來到的”，在名詞前面做定語，用“coming”；在名詞后面做定語，用“tocome”Youhaveonlytwodaysleft(leave)beforeyouaresupposedtohandinyourwork.Youhaveonlytworemaining(remain)daysbeforeyouaresupposedtohandinyourwork.Youhaveonlytwodaystogo(go)beforeyouaresupposedtohandinyourwork.表示“剩余的”，“l(fā)eft”只能做后置定語；若放在名詞前面做定語，則應(yīng)用“remaining”Inthefollowing(follow)week,theysuffereddefeatafterdefeat.Intheweekthatfollowed(follow),theysuffereddefeatafterdefeat.做賓補sendsb.todosth.派某人去做某事sendsb/sth.flying使某人或某物發(fā)生位移Inspace,evenaslighttouchcouldsendyoufloating(float)awayintheoppositedirection.Suddenly,thewholehouseshookseverely,sendingobjectscrashing(crash)totheground.with+賓語+賓補Witheverythingneededbought(buy),sheleftthesupermarketandheadedbackhome.Withnothingelsetobuy(buy),sheleftthesupermarketandheadedbackhome.=Sinceshehadnothingelsetobuy(buy),sheleft…做狀語devoteoneselfto…=>bedevotedto…concernoneselfwith…=>beconcernedwith…buryoneselfin…=>beburiedin…Burying(bury)himselfinthenovel,hefailedtonoticetheteacherapproachingfrombehind.Buried(bury)inthenovel,hefailedtonoticetheteacherapproachingfrombehind.Concerning(concern)herselfwithchildren’swelfare,shedevotedallherlifetoimprovingruralchildren’shealth.Concerned(concern)withchildren’swelfare,shedevotedallherlifetoimprovingruralchildren’shealth.非謂語動詞練習(xí)50題1.Theparkwaslarge,___________(surround)byafenceandshadedbyalltrees.2.InAustralia,manyroadsignsarebothinEnglishandChinese,________(make)iteasierforChinesetouriststotravel.3.Makingtherightdecision_______(concern)thefutureisprobablyanimportantthingwewilleverdoinourlives.4.Thispageneeded___________(check)again.5._______(understand)yourownneedsandstylesofcommunicationisasimportantaslearningtoconveyyouraffectionandemotions.*6.Twentyscientistswerereported_________(award)thetopprizeatthe2015StateScienceandTechnologyAwardsinBeijingonJanuary9th,20167.________(spend)nearlyallourcountry,wecouldn’taffordtostayathome.8.Withhisattention________(concentrate)onhisbook,hedidn'tnoticesomeoneenteringhisroom.9.Maryhascaughtabadcold.Hasshe?Iregret____________(remind)hertoputonmoreclothesyesterday.10.Meyerandhisteamwerethefirst________(show)howthediseasespreadsfromanimalstohumans.11.Theterribleearthquakestruckthesouthwestofthecountrylastweek,_______(cause)6deathsandhundredsofinjuries.12.________(date)fromtheSongDynasty,theConfucianTempleofNanjinghasnowdevelopedintoafamousscenicspot,________(feature)sightseeing,shoppingandtastyfoods.13.Johnsonisindeedawiseman.Oh,yes.HowoftenIhaveregretted_________(take)hisadvice!14.Packuptheitemsyou’dlike_________(take)alongandleavebehindthoseyoudislike_________(take)withyouonyourjourney.15.Shallwegoouttoplayintheparkthisweekend?Oh,withsomuchwork_________(do),Idon’tknowifIcangowithyou.16.Pleaseremindme________(buy)someeggsforthecomingparty.17.AvideoofDonaldTrump’sgranddaughter___________(recite)ancientChinesepoemswassharedonChina’ssocialmedia________(follow)hispresidentialvictory.18.Once__________(know)asaneconomicresource,theRiverThameswaspolluted,__________(cause)diseaseanddeatheverywhere.19.Lifeislikeridingabicycle.__________(keep)yourbalance,youmustkeepmoving.20.It’simportantforthefigures_________(update)regularly.21.Moreattentionshouldbepaid_________(protect)thewildanimals.22.Nobodycanimaginewhatdifficultywehad__________(walk)homeinthesnowstorm.23.Pollyfeltaroughhandbrushhercheek,andsheheardaman’svoice________(say)‘Sorry’.24.Howdoyoudealwiththedisagreementbetweenthecompanyandthecustomers?Thekeytosolvingtheproblemistomeetthedemand__________(make)bythecustomers.25.Manyairlinesnowallowpassengerstoprinttheirboardingpassesonline___________(save)theirvaluabletime.26._________(judge)onlybyexamresults,theschoolisthebestoneinourcity.27.Socialattentionshouldbepaid____________(prevent)ourearthfrom__________(pollute).28.Tokeepfit,theoldmanmakesitarule__________(go)forawalkaftersuppereveryday．29.WhenwespeakEnglishtoday,wesometimesfeelpuzzledaboutwhichwordsorphrases_________(use).30.Iwaswatchingtheclockallthroughthemeeting,asIhadatrain___________(catch).31.TheoldladyfromNewYorkfeltveryhappywhenshewasabletomakeherself___________(understand)inherbrokenChinese.32.Accordingtothetrafficlaws,driversarenotallowed___________(drink).33.Lastsummerholiday,Iwentbacktomyhometown,only________(find)theneighboursandthehousethatIusedtobefamiliarwithweregone.34.__________(compare)withthem,youwillfindthereissomethingincommonbetweenthem.35.Thelady,__________(dress)inancientcostume,isverygraceful.36._________(express)hislove,Chrissenthismomathank-younoteonMother'sDay.37.Themanwefollowedsuddenlystoppedandlookedasif_________(see)whetherhewasgoingintherightdirection.38.Anindividualhumanexistenceshouldbelikeariver-smallatfirst,narrowlycontainedwithinitsbanks,and___________(rush)passionatelypastrocksandoverwaterfalls.39.Itishopedthatthisproject_________(accomplish)bytheendof2027willbeapopulartouristattractionofthecity.40.___________(determine)tocatchupwithothers,theboywasworkinghard.41.“If,”headded,“_________(give)enoughtime,Iwouldcertainlyhavedoneitbetter.”42.—Whatdidtheoldmansay?—Oh,hetoldus________(play)footballinthebusystreet.43.Hearingthefootstepsfromthestairs,hehurriedlyturnedofftheTV,pickedupabookandpretended__________(read).44.Tom'swordsonwhichourdecisionwas________(base)weren'ttrue.45.Jane,__________(shock)atthenewsoftheearthquake,wasatalossforwords46.Theenginejustwon’tstart.Somethingseems_______(go)wrongwithit.47.__________(help)solvetheproblemthatmanyyoungpeoplehavebecomeaddictedtocomputergames,aspecialclinicwasopenedinBe